初中英语音标发音表及发音规则 31页

一、英语音标发音表英语国际音标共48个音素，其中元音音素20个，辅音音素28个。国际音标（英语语音）元音单元音前元音[i:][i][e][æ]　中元音[ʌ][ə:][ə]　　后元音[u:][u][ɔ:][ɔ][a:]双元音开合双元音[ei][ai][ɔi][əu][au]集中双元音[iə][εə][uə]　　辅音爆破音清辅音[p][t][k]　　浊辅音[b][d][g]　　摩擦音清辅音[f][s][ʃ][θ][h]浊辅音[v][z][ʒ][ð]　破擦音清辅音[tʃ][tr][ts]　　浊辅音[dʒ][dr][dz]　　鼻音（浊辅音）[m][n][ŋ]　　舌则音（浊辅音）[l][r]　　　半元音（浊辅音）[w][j]　　　31 [i:]字母组合eeeaeie--threetreegreensheepmeetbeefseeseekeatteameatleaveleadteacherteammeanspeakcleanpiece[æ]发音字母a--baghandandanthappyhatmapmadbadblackbackgladflagshallman[e]字母组合eaea--headbreadpleasureelephantelectricremembersellshelllessonbetterbeddeskhotelyesmanyany[]字母组合irureareror--girlshirtskirtthirtythirteenthirdbirdturnburnmurdernurseturtleThursdayburgerlearnearnearthheard[ε]字母组合erorouaroaeu--teacherleaderrememberplayerspeakerfarmerpowderdoctoractormayorauthortractordeliciousgraciouspleasurefamiliarcollardollartogethertomorrowtodaylessoncontrolaroundaccountagoelephantmantabananaCanada[a:]字母组合ara--carfarmcardarmgardenfastclasslastglassplantauntcalm[]发音字母uoouoo--upsupperlunchfungunhuntcupbuscomemotherdosebrotherloveabovetroubleroughflourishbloodflood[]字母组合alorauourar--smallwalltalktallhallballcallwalkshortmorelordhorseforfortysportdoorfloorstoreauthorcaughtautumnfourmourncourtboughtwarmquarrelquarter[]发音字母oa--hotlostlotfoxboxmophoplosscollarnotwantwashwatch[u:]字母组合ooou--foodmoonroomgloombroomdoomgoosetoothshoedo31 twotruetruthbluefullprude[u]字母组合ooouuo--lookgoodfootbookwoodshouldcouldputfullbullpullpushwomanwolf[ei]发音字母aayeaaiey--namecakelategateplaneAprilplaysaymaywaygreatbreakrainpaintplaintheygrey[ai]发音字母iy--bikefinefinddieninelightnighthighmytryflyeye[au]字母组合ouow--houseoutflourgroundaccountcountsoundloudaroundmouseflowerdownnowcowhowtown[]发音字母oowoa--homecoldgonophonehostghostknowlowbelowgrowblowshowflowboatcoatgoal[i]字母组合eerear--beerdeerearnearherefierceidea[]字母组合earairere--pearbearchairairfairtherewherecare[u]字母组合ourower--hourtourflowershower[t]treetwotentontowntwentycity[d]doordulldeskdosedodogdictionary[k]kingkitekeylookcookbookkitchensky[g]girlgoodgoalgoatgradelonglanguage[m]manmakemoonmorningmovecomecomb[n]pentenninefinenightnoonmoonclean[]unclebankEnglishthinkthankjunk  singkingmorning[l]longlandlendlordflyflagblackworldcoldcouldgoalsoul[r]readredrightrunroomwrite[f]fiveflyfineflagfrogfogroofknifelifewifecoughlaughrough31 [v]veryeveningeveneveryvoicevestof[s]sixsitstudentsameseatkissmisscasescarf[z]zoozebrazerozapclosenosehosesupposepausethose[]thatthisthosethesethough[∫]sheepshouldershipshoeshebrushwashnationattention[h]hothophomehousehorsehowwho[w]whenwhatwherewindowwindwood[j]yesyearyellyouyouryolkyellow[]childchickenchinachairlunchouchcatchteach[]agelanguagecabbagevegetablestagebridgejoyenjoyjoinJulyJunejunk[tr]treecountrytrytreattracktrunk[dr]drydreamdropdrivedrink[ts]studentsbootsboatsgoatsnuts[dz]goodswoodsmoodshoods二、特殊单词发音：31元音:31 1)[i:]字母组合:eeeaeiethreetreegreensheepmeetbeefseeseek(ee)eatteameatleaveleadteacherteammeanspeakcleanplease(ea)hesheme(e)piecereceiveceiling(ie,ei)2)[i]发音字母iyesitpictureitislistsixmixfixfitpigbigbuildmissmythmanytwentyhappydictionarydefectdecidedelicious3)发音字母abaghandandanthappyhatmapmadbadblackbackgladflag31 shallman4)[e]字母组合eaeaheadbreadpleasureelephantelectricremembersellshelllessonbetterbeddeskhotelyesmanyany5)[ε:]字母组合irurearerorgirlshirtskirtthirtythirteenthirdbirdturnburnmurdernurseturtleThursdayburgerlearnearnearthheardtermhernerdserveworkwormworkworld31 6)[ε]字母组合erorouaroaeuteacherleaderrememberplayerspeakerfarmerpowderdoctoractormayorauthortractordeliciousgraciouspleasurefamiliarcollardollartogethertomorrowtodayshalloplessonWashingtoncontrolpolitearoundaccountagoelephantmantabananaCanadaJapanchinamenlistenfamulusSaturday7)[a:]字母组合aracarfarmcardarmgarden31 fastclasslastglassplantauntcalm8)[]发音字母uoouooupsupperlunchfungunhuntcupbuscomemotherdosebrotherloveabovetroubleroughflourishbloodflood9)[]字母组合alorauourarawsmallwalltalktallhallballcallwalkshortmorelordhorseforfortysportdoorfloorstoreauthorcaughtautumnfourmourncourtbought31 warmquarrelquarterdrawsawflaw10)[]发音字母oahotlostlotfoxboxmophoplosscollarnotwantwash11)[u:]字母组合oooufoodmoonroomgloombroomdoomgoosetoothshoedotwotruetruthbluefull12)[u]字母组合ooouulookgoodfootbook31 shouldcouldputfullbullpullpushwomanwolf13)[ei]发音字母aayeaaieynamecakelategateplaneAprilplaysaymaywaygreatbreakrainpaintplaintheygrey14)[ai]发音字母iybikefinefinddieninelightnighthigh31 mytryflyeye15)[au]字母组合ouowhouseoutflourgroundaccountcountsoundloudaroundmouseflowerdownnowcowhowtown16)[εu]发音字母oowoahomecoldgonophonehostghostknowlowbelowgrowblowshowflowboatcoatgoal17)[]字母组合oyoiboytoyjoyoilsoilvoicechoice31 18)[iε]字母组合eerbeerdeerearideanearherefierce19)[]字母组合earairpearbearchairairfaircaretherewhere20)[uε]hourtourpoorflowershower[ei][ai][aU][EU][Ri][i[][Z[][UE]2容易混淆的元音[][e]badbedhandheadmanmenlandlendpanpensadsaid[i：][ei]realrailgreetgreatmeanmainreadraid31 [e][ai]betbiteredwritesaidsideheadhide[aU][]househorseloudlordsouthsaucecloudclausenownorcountcorn[aU][]foundfonddowndonegowngonetownton3辅音1)[p]penpearplaypigpourpullpush2)[b]bookbigbootbikebreadbreak3)[t]treetwotentontowntwentycity31 4)[d]doordulldeskdosedodogdictionary5)[k]kingkitekeylookcookbookkitchensky(发音字母k)cardcatcreamcorrectclimbcomeaccountaccept(发音字母c)foxboxoxygenx-ray(发音字母x)schoolscheduleschema(字母组合ch)6)[g]girlgoodgoalgoatgradelonglanguage7)[m]manmakemoonmorningmovecomecomb8)[n]pentenninefinenightnoonmoonclean9)[N]unclebankEnglishthinkthankjunksingkingmorningevening10)[l]longlandlendlordflyflagblack31 worldcoldcouldgoalsoul11)[r]readredrightrunroomwrite12)[f]fiveflyfineflagfrogfogroofknifelifewife（字母f）coughlaughrough（字母gh）physicphotophone(ph)13)[v]veryeveningeveneveryvoicevest(字母v)of(字母f)14)[s]sixsitstudentsameseatkissmisscasescarf(发音字母s)licensecityceasecedarceilingcelebrate(发音字母c)licencepiecejuicesciencelancespaceace(字母组合ce)31 15)[z]zoozebrazerozap(z)closenosehosesupposepausethosewhose(se)16)[]thinkthankthreethirtytoothmouth17)[]thatthisthosethesethough18)[]sheepshouldershipshoeshebrushwash(sh)nationattentionstationsocialspecialsure19)[]pleasure20)[h]hothophomehousehorsehowwho21)[w]whenwhatwherewindowwindwood31 22)[j]yesyearyellyouyouryolkyellow23)[]childchickenchinachairlunchouchteach(字母组合ch）catchwatchmatch（字母组合tch)24)[]agelanguagecabbagevegetablestagebridgejoyenjoyjoinJulyJunejunk25)[tr]treecountrytrytreattracktrunk26)[dr]drydreamdropdrivedrink27)[ts]studentsbootsboatsgoatsnuts28)[dz]goodswoodsmoodshoods4容易混淆的辅音31 [v][w]vestwestvetwetvinewineverywell[s][]sinkthinkmassmathmissmythsortsought[z][]closeclothbreezebreathe[n][]thinthingsinsingranrangbanbangwinwing5字母，组合音节发音规律1）a[ei][?][][a:][]lateprivategradebakegrapenationstationpage31 activehandbankfanparentfamilygladflagacceptaboutaboveformativemachinecinemafastlastglassclasspastfatherwashwhatwatchwant2）e[i:][e][i][]不发音appreciateextremelysecretshemeheletterleftmessagegeneratepebbledecideprettypreviousresultrestoreproblemprosperousstudentconfidentactivetablelatewifestorelecture3）i[ai][i]31 highpricelibraryicecreamwifesizelinefistpickchickenpianofiancécityunit4）o[][][][][]lodehostcoldnoteokayoldhomelosedowhowhoseprovelovesomeothermotherhoneycompanytodaytomorrowtogethercontrolcollectlosthotmockofficesofthonest5）u[ju][u][][]universityrefuseuniqueuniversehugeputpushpullfullbull31 butbrushbucketduckbubblesupportsuggest6）c[k][s]countrycampcameracouragecablecityceilingcelebratecellcease7）g[g][][]girlgradeglassgladebagflagvillagevegetablebridgegentlemangymlongsongsingmorningevening8)l[l]读音不同listenlearnlanguagecollectEnglishgorilla31 worldcoldsoiltallsellcoolanimal9)n[n][]moonnightnoodlenumberunclehungryangryyoung10)r[r][](美语发音)rightreadwritegradeprogresscardboarddoorfloorformnorth11）y[j][i][ai]yellowyearyellyoungyolkuniversitycountryprettyhappydykedyingflybuybymy31 12）ar[a:][][]farmcardgardenmarkdollarwarmquarrelquarter13)ea[i:][e][ei][]ceaseseasonbreathefeaturemeatpleasebreadbreastbreathmeadowweathergreatbreakidearealize14)ear[][]learnearthearnheard31 hearnearclearearfear15)er[][][]deserveserveherpersonteacherdriverangersingerseriousexperiencemysteriousfierce16）ere[][]heremerefereserethere17)ir[][ai]shirtgirlskirtadmiredesire31 18)oo[u:][u][][]roomtoolcoolmoonnoongooffoodgoodfootstoodwoodwoolcookwoodbookbloodflooddoorfloor19)or[][][]shortformcornbornforworkworldwormwordworsttractordoctoractorsectorseniorsenator20)oor[][]doorfloor31 moorpoorboor21)our[][]hourtourflourbournlourpourcourtfourmourn22)ou[au][][]housemouthmousesoundfoundenoughtroubletouchdeliciousgraciousprosperous23)ow[][au]windowmeadowknowshowlownowtownhowdowncow31 24)se[z][s]nosesupposegoseloseposerosemousehouse25)th[W][T]thankthinkthoughtclothclothesthatthisthenthan26)sion[][]propulsiontensionprogressionpassionprotrusionprovisionconclusiontelevision27)tion[][](不常见)stationnationtranslationattention31 question三、连续与爆破音　　那么，什么是连读呢？　　在连贯地说话或朗读时,在同一个意群(即短语或从句)中,如果相邻的两个词前者以辅音音素结尾,后者以元音音素开头,如:notatall如:Pleasetakealookatit.　　　I’m~an~Englishboy.　　It~is~an~oldbook.　　Letmehave~alook~at~it.　　MsBlackworkedin~an~officelast~yesterday.　　Icalled~youhalf~an~hour~ago.　　Put~it~on,please.　　Not~at~all.　　Pleasepick~it~up.　　　　“辅音+半元音”型连读　　英语语音中的/j/和/w/是半元音，如果前一个词是以辅音结尾，后一个词是以半元音，特别是/j/开头，此时也要连读。　　Thank~you.　　Nicetomeet~you.　　Did~yougettherelate~again?31 　　Would~youlike~acup~oftea？　　Could~youhelpme,please?　　“元音+元音”型连读如果前一个词以元音结尾，后一个词以元音开头，这两个音往往也要自然而不间断地连读到一起。　　I~amChinese.　　He~isveryfriendlytome.　　Shewantstostudy~English.　　How~andwhydidyoucomehere?　　Shecan’tcarry~it.　　It’lltakeyouthree~hourstowalkthere.　　Thequestionistoo~easyforhimtoanswer.　　　　爆破音是指发音器官在口腔中形成阻碍,然后气流冲破阻碍而发出的音。这些音有6个,即/p/,/b/,/t/,/d/,/k/和/g/。但在某些情况下,发爆破音时,气流不必冲破阻碍,而只是发音器官在口腔中形成阻碍,并稍做停顿,(也就是说,做好要发出这个爆破音的准备,但不要发出音来),这样的发音过程叫作"不完全爆破"。　　6个爆破音有3对/p/，/b/，/t/，/d/，/k/，/g/　　失去爆破，又叫不完全爆破，就是在某些情况下，只须做出发音的准备，但并不发音，稍稍停顿后就发后面的音。　　(1)“爆破音+爆破音”型31 　　6个爆破音【t、d、k、g、p、b】中的任意2个相临时，前一个爆破音会失去爆破，即由相关的发音器官做好这个发音的姿势，稍做停顿后即发后面的爆破音。　　Thegirlinthere(d)coatwasonabla(ck)bikejus(t)now.　　Thebi(g)busfromthefa(c)toryisfullofpeople.　　Wha(t)timedoeshegetupeverymorning?　　Thisisanol(d)pi(c)tureofabi(g)car.　　Theol(d)do(c)torhasaca(t),too.　　We’regoingtoworkonafarmnex(t)Tuesday.　　Whatwouldyoulike,ho(t)teaorbla(ck)coffee?　　It’saverycol(d)day,butit’sagoo(d)day.　　Youcanputi(t)downinthebi(g)garden.　　Iboughtachea(p)book,butit’sagoo(d)book.　“爆破音+摩擦音”型如果前面是爆破音，其后紧跟着某些摩擦音（如/f/，/s/，/W/，/T/等），那么前面那个爆破音仅有十分轻微的爆破，而后面那个摩擦音则要完全爆破。　　Goo(d)morning,Mr.Bell.　　Goo(d)morning,dear.　　UncleLi’sfa(c)toryisqui(te)neartothecinema.　　Iwen(t)therealonea(t)ninelas(t)night.　　-Doyouknowhisbi(ke)number?-Sorry,Idon’(t)31 know.　　Theforty-firs(t)lessonisqui(te)difficult31