小学英语音标学习.doc 13页

音标也叫音素。目前通用的国际音标共有48个，其中元音音素20个，辅音音素28个。一．元音元音分为单元音和双元音。(A)单元音（12个）：/i:/,/ɪ/,/ɔ:/,/ɔ/,/u:/,/ʊ/,/ə:/,/ә/,/ɑ:/,/Λ/,/e/,/æ/,单元音可分为长元音和短元音/i:/hetheseeatgreenneedkey/ɪ/bigcitywithsingkid/ɔ:/allalsoshortfourmore/ɔ/clocklotwantwhatrock/u:/rulersouproommoviedotwo/ʊ/putbookgoodlook/ə:/herlearnbirthdayfirstwork/ә/aboutgrammarofhellosisterdoctorAugustSaturday/ɑ:/artstartlastafternoon/Λ/busdrumcomecountryson/e/bestwhenbreakfastmany/æ/bagfamilythatapple /i:/：e：hesheChineseee：seefeetsheepea：eatreadmeatie：fieldbelievebeliefei：receiveseize/i/：y:busyveryladyi:livemissriche:besidedecideelecta:villagecouragecottageCompare(比较一下！)1.it--eat2.live—leave3.fill—feel4.sit—seat /e/:bedbreadfedtenheadbesthendeadredweather/e/:ea:breadheaddeadweathere:bedfedtenbesta:anythingmany/æ/:sadmadmanbadapplehatgladfactstandfamilyfatcatbagCompare(比较一下！)1.bet--bat2.pet—pat3.beg—bag4.set—sat[ə:]:ear:earthheardur:nursehurtir:skirtshirt er：herpersonor:wordwork[ə]:aagoagainaddressehundredparenterwaterteacherworkerotodaypolicemanor/ourcolourdoctor[a:]arcarfardarkalhalfpalmaulaughauntabasket[Λ]ubusrunluckonothingloveoucountryyoung [ɔ:]orporkhorseaudaughterbecausealtalltalkoordoorfloororemorestore[ɔ]osorrydogcopyawashwhatCompare:1.not—north2.fox—forks3.shot—short4.wok—walk[u:]oomoodbootzooomovewhoseurulerJuneousoupgroup [u]fullcouldtookgoodwoodcookputstoodpullfootoo:cooklookfootoul:wouldcouldshouldu:putJuly(B)双元音（8个）：1./eɪ/,/aɪ/,/ɔɪ/,2./әʊ/,/aʊ/,3./ɪә/,/eә/,/ʊә//eɪ/casedatedayplaygreat/aɪ/likewhitenightmyhi/ɔɪ/toynoisesoil/әʊ/snowknowboatoldnosofa/aʊ/outsoundnowtower/ә/reallyyeardeerbeerhere/eә/hairbeardarefair/ʊә/poorsuretourlure [ai]Ilifequietmindpricenightdieshywhiteliehigh[əu]roadcoatgoatboatloadcoldsmokegohomehope[au]howaboutshoutcowloudmousegroundhourcrownmouth[iə]beerdeerpioneerpeerearhearnearfearcleartearappearheremere[uə]sureunsurepoormoortour [ɔi]boytoyjoysoyannoyingemployoilsoilboilcoinpointnoise[ɛə]darecaresharebarerarehairflairfairstairrepairpearwearwhereThepeartreebearsapear,UnderthepearThere’sababybear,Thebabybearplaysapear. 爆破音[p]pencil["pensəl铅笔pen[pen] 钢笔picture["piktʃə]照片pants[pænts]裤子play[plei]玩pear[pεə]梨pig[pig]猪potato[pə"teitəu]土豆park[pɑ:k]公园please[pli:z]请[b]book[buk]书boy[bɔi]男孩bed[bed]床beef[bi:f]牛肉bread[bred]面包brother["brʌðə]兄弟board[bɔ:d]木板big[big]大的banana[bə"nɑ:nə]香蕉[t]two[tu:]二ten[ten]十time[taim]时间today[tə"dei] 今天twelve[twelv]十二twenty["twenti]二十tofu["təufu:]豆腐tomato[tə"mɑ:təu]西红柿tasty["teisti]美味的teacher["ti:tʃə]老师tell[tel] 告诉[d]door[dɔ:]门desk[desk]桌子dog[[dɔɡ]狗do[du:]做dinner["dinə]晚餐doctor[dɔktə]医生duck[dʌk]鸭子day[dei]一天food[fu:d]食物[k]kind[kaind]和蔼的kitchen["kitʃin]厨房kangaroo[,kængə"ru:]袋鼠climb[klaim]爬，攀登computer[kəm"pju:tə]电脑kid[kid]小孩clean[kli:n]清洁的come[kʌm]来cousin["kʌzən]堂兄弟姐妹[g]girl[gə:l]女孩green[gri:n]绿色grape[greip]葡萄grass[grɑ:s]草garden["gɑ:dn]花园goat[gəut]山羊go[gəu]走grandmother["grænd,mʌðə]祖母 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student["stju:dənt]学生sorry["sɔ:ri]对不起six[siks]六strong[strɔŋ,strɔ:ŋ]强壮seven["sevən]七strict[strikt]严格的sky[skai]天空summer["sʌmə]夏季sleep[sli:p] 睡觉[z]season["si:zən]季节because[bi"kɔz]因为woods[woodz]树林zebra["zi:brə]斑马zero["ziərəu]零please[pli:z]高兴摩擦音（二）[θ]thin[θin]瘦的fifth[fifθ]第五math[mæθ]数学path[pɑ:θ,pæθ]道路healthy["helθi]健康的ninth[nainθ]第九mouth[mauθ]嘴巴thirty["θə:ti]三十[ð]brother["brʌðə]兄弟father["fɑ:ðə]父亲mother["mʌðə]母亲this[ðis]这个that[ðæt]那个they[ðei]他们there[ðεə]那里those[ðəuz]那些[∫]fish[fiʃ]鱼fresh[freʃ] 新鲜的english["iŋgliʃ]英语short[ʃɔ:t]短的she[ʃi:]她washroom["wɔʃrum]洗手间[з]Usually["ju:зuəli]通常[r]ruler["ru:lə]尺子rice[rais]米饭run[rʌn]跑really["riəli]真地 right[rait]正确的red[red]红的river["rivə]河，江road[rəud]马路fresh[freʃ]新鲜的[h] her[hə:]她have[hæv]有help[help]帮助hen[hen]母鸡hundred["hʌndrəd]一百he[hi:]他house[haus,hauz]房子honey["hʌni]蜂蜜home[həum] 家破擦音[t∫]lunch[lʌntʃ]午饭teacher["ti:tʃə]老师chair[tʃεə]椅子chopsticks["tʃɔpstiks]筷子picture["piktʃə]照片[dз]jeep[dʒi:p]吉普车gym[dʒim] 健身房jacket["dʒækit]夹克vegetable["vedʒitəbl]蔬菜cabbage["kæbidʒ]卷心菜jump[dʒʌmp]跳[tr]strict[strikt]严格的strong[strɔŋ,strɔ:ŋ]强壮tree[tri:] 树木[dr]hundred["hʌndrəd]一百draw[drɔ:]画dress[dres]穿，连衣裙bedroom["bedru(:)m]卧室[ts]short[ʃɔ:ts]短的pants[pænts] 短裤[dz]woods[wudz]树林半元音[w]window["windəu]窗户wall[wɔ:l]墙weather["weðə]天气windy["windi] 有风的weekend[,wi:k"end]周末wait[weit]等候white[hwait]白的winter["wintə]冬季 [j]yes[yes]是year[jə:]一年yet[jet]但是your[jɔ:]你的，你们的you[ju:]你，你们young[jʌŋ]年轻的 yesterday["jestəddei]昨天舌边音[l]ruler["ru:lə]尺子milk[milk]牛奶light["lait]灯floor[flɔ:]  地板shelf[ʃelf]书架plate[pleit]碟子library["laibrəri]图书馆help[help]帮助lunch[lʌntʃ]中饭