美式英语和英式英语音标单词发音差异区别大全.doc 23页

英式英语和美式英语的单词发音详细区别表BrEAmEWords/ɑː//æ/Excludingwordschangedbythe trap–bathsplit,[57] (whichaffectsmostsouthernBritishspeakersandalmostnoAmericanspeakers):banana,khakiA2,localeA2,macaqueAB2,morale, NevadaA2,[58] PakistaniA2,panoramaA2,scenarioA2,sopranoA2,tiaraA2[1]/æ//ɑː/"A"intheanglicisedpronunciationofmanyforeignnamesandloanwords,e.g.: CaracasB2,chiantiA2, Gulag,kebab,[59] Las(placenames,e.g. LasVegas),mafiaA2, MombasaA2,pasta, PicassoA2,rallentando,SlovakA2, SriLankaA2, Vivaldi,wigwam.[1]caveatA2/ɑː//eɪ/charade,cicadaA2,galaA3B2,laver(seaweed)AB2,[60] promenadeAB2,prorataAB2,tomatoA2,stratumB2[nb29] [8][54]/æ//eɪ/basilA2 (plant),macronA2,(com)patriotB2,(ex/re)patriateB2,patroniseA2,phalanxA2,plaitA2, Sabine,satrapA2,satyrA2 [8][54]/eɪ//æ/apparatusA2, apricotA2,comrade,dahliaA3,data,A1 digitalisA2,statusA1 [8][54]/æ//ɒ/twatB2/ɒ//æ/wrath[nb30]/oʊ//ɔː/wontA2 [1]/ɑː//ɔː/quarkAB2 /æ//ɔː/asphalt [1]/ɒ//ɔː/alcoholA2 [1]/ɔː//aʊ/traumaAB2 [1][2]/ɔː(l)//æl/falconA2[nb31] [8][60]/iː//ɛ/aesthete,anaesthetize,breveA2, Daedalus,devolutionAB2, ecumenicalB2, epochA2, epochalB1,[61] evolutionAB2,febrileA2,Hephaestus,hygienicA, KenyaB2,leverA2,methaneB2, OedipusA2, (o)estrogen, (o)estrus,p(a)edophile,penalizeA2,predecessorA2,pyrethrinA2,senileA2,tercentenaryB2/ɛ//iː/CecilAB2,crematoriumA2,cretin,depot,leisureA2,medievalAB2, PetrarchAB2,reconnoit(re/er)A2,zebraB2,zenithAB2/iː//eɪ/eta,beta,quayA2,theta,zeta,heinousAB2/eɪ//iː/deityAB2,HeleneA2,IsraelA2,Haggai[62]/ɛ//eɪ/ateB2,mêléeA2 [8][54]/eɪ//ɛ/nonpareil [8][54]/ɒ//ʌ/hovelAB2,hoverA2.Alsothe strongforms ofthese functionwords: (every/some/no/any)bodyA1, becauseAB2 (and clipping "cos/"cause), ofA2,fromA2,wasA2,whatA2 /ʌ//ɒ/accomplice,accomplish,colanderB2,constableB2, Lombardy B2,monetaryA2,-mongerA2/ɒ//oʊ/Aeroflot,cognac,compost,cosmosA2,ErosA2,ethosA2,homo-AB2, Interpol,logos(singular)A2, Lod,pathosA2,pedagogyA2,pogrom,polkaB2,produce(noun),realpolitik, RoshHashanahA1,sconeAB2,shone,sojourn,trollB2,yogurt/oʊ//ɒ/codifyA2,goffer, ogleA2,process(noun),processor,progress(noun),projectB2(noun),slothAB2,wrothB2/ɪ//aɪ/dynasty,housewifery,[61] idyll,long-livedA2,[63] privacyB2,[64] simultaneousA2,vicariousAB2,vitaminB2.Seealso -ine.[1]/aɪ//ɪ/butylB2,divergeA2,divulgeAB2,minorityAB2,primer(schoolbook),synapseB2.Seealso -ine.[1][8]/aɪ//eɪ/Isaiah [1]/aɪ//iː/eitherAB2,neitherAB2,Pleiades.Seealso -ine./iː//aɪ/albino,migraineB2.Alsotheprefixesanti-A2,multi-A2,semi-A2 inloosecompounds(e.g.in anti-establishment,butnotin antibody).Seealso -ine./iː//ɪ/beenB2 [65]/ɛ//ɑ/envelopeAB2 /æ//ɛ/femmefataleA2 pall-mallA2[nb32][8][54]/aʊ//uː/nousA2/ʊ//ɪ/kümmel/ʊ//uː/BuddhaA2/ʊ//ʌ/brusque,hummus/uː//aʊ/routeA1,[66]/oʊ//uː/broochA1/uː//oʊ/cantaloup(e)/ʌ//oʊ/covert(adj.)AB2[67]/oʊ//aʊ/MoscowA2/ɪ//iː/pi(t)taB2, Tunisia/uː//ʊ/boulevard,hoofA2,snooker,woofA2 (weaving)/ɑː(r)//ɜr/Berkeley, Berkshire,clerk,derby, Hertford.(TheonlyAmEwordwith ⟨er⟩ = [ɑr] is sergeant.) /ɪr//ɜr~ɚ/chirrupA2,squirrel,stirrupA2,syrupA2/ɜː(r)//ɛr/errA2/ɔː(r)//ər/record(noun),stridorAB2/ə//ɒ/Amazon,hexagon,melancholy,[68] octagon,paragon,pentagon,phenomenonA2,pythonA2/ɒ//ə/Amos,condom,cosmos,[69] Enoch/ə//ɛ/nonsense/ɛ//ə/Kentucky/ɛ//ɨ/parallelepiped[70]/ə//æ/trapeze/ə(r)//ɑr/MadagascarA2/ə//eɪ/DraconianA2,hurricaneB2/ə//oʊ/boroughA2,thoroughA2,alsoplacenamessuchasEdinburghA2 (seealso -oryand-mony)/eɪ//ə/template /juː//uː/barracuda,pumaA2 (aswellasallwordswithpronunciationsbasedpredictablyuponthe yod-dropping phenomenon,theextentofwhichismuchgreaterforAmericanspeakersthanBritishspeakers)/juː//w/iguanaB1,[citationneeded] jaguar, Nicaragua/uː//juː/couponA2,fuchsine, HoustonB2/ə(r)//jər/figureA2fortheverb/ʊ//jʊ/eruditeA2 [71]/jʊ//ʊ/duress,résuméA2 [72]/ɑː//ət/nougat[nb33]/eɪ//ət/sorbet,[nb34] tourniquet.[1]/oʊ//ɒt/HuguenotA2/ɜː//uː/milieu/ɜː(r)//ʊr/connoisseurA2,entrepreneurA2/ɜːz//uːs/Betelgeuse,chanteuse,chartreuseA2,masseuse /z//s/AussieA2,blouse(noun),complaisantA2,crescentB2,diagnoseA2,erase,fuselageA2, GlasgowA2,parse,trans-AB2 (insomewords),valise/s//z/asthma,meso-AB2/ts//z/piazzaA2/ð//θ/booth,B2 loath(ly/some)A2,smithyA2,withstand(ing)A2/ʃ//ʒ/AsiaB2,dispersionA2,excursionB2, PersiaB2,versionB2/dʒ//tʃ/sandwichB2 [73]/s//ʃ/DionysiusA2 [74]/sju://ʃu:/issueB2 ,tissueB2 ,sexualB2 ,sexualityB2 [75][76]/z(j)u://ʒu:/JesuitA2 [77][78]/sɪ//ʃ/cassiaA2,CassiusA2,hessian,omni-/prescience/zɪ/ or/sɪ//ʃ/transientA2,nauseaA2/zɪ//ʒ/Frasier, Parisian, Malaysia, Tunisia/tɪ//tʃi/besti(al/ary) /dɪ//dʒi/cordial(ity)/tɪ//ʃ/consortiumB2,[79] sentientB2[80][81]/ɪ//ʃ/celestial [82]/ʃ//s/commensurableAB2 [83]/s//ʃ/licorice/liquoriceAB2/ʃ//sk/scheduleB2/iːʃ//ɪtʃ/nicheAB2/t//θ/AnthonyAB2/t//d/TaoismA2/v//f/nephewB1 (TheoldEnglishpronunciationwith/v/hastoalargeextentbeenreplacedby/f/duetothespellinglatinizationof MiddleEnglish "neveu".ThepreferencebreakdowninBrEis/f/79%,/v/21%.)[84](sounded)(silent)chthonicB2,[61][85] herbA2,[86] KnossosB2,[87] phthisisB2,salveA2,[60] schismAB2,solder,(un)toward(s)A2(prep.),B2.[1](silent)(sounded)interest(ing/ingly)AB2,[nb35] medicineB2,suggestA2,[8][54] veteranAB2.Seealso -ary-ery-ory-bury,-berry. Frenchstress在许多法语外来词中，美国保持了原始的法国最后的音节重音，英国则强调较早的音节。法语借词强调不同如下：BrEAmEwordswithrelevantsyllablestressedineachdialect[1][2]1stlastballetAB2,barragea,[nb1] batonab*,bereta[nb2],bidet,blaséA2,bouffantA2,[nb3] brasserieb,brassiereab,brevetabA2,[3] brochurebB2*,[nb4][4] buffeta,[nb5][5] cachetA2,café*a*b,caffeineA2,canardaB1,[6] chagrina,chaletA2,chiffonAB2,[7] cliché*a,collagea*B2,coupé,croissant*a,debrisaA2,[nb6] debut,décorA2,detailaA2,figurine,flambé,[nb7] frappé,frontierAB2,garageaB3,[nb8] gourmetA2,lamé[nb9],matinée,mundaneAB2,negligeeA2,nonchalantbA2,nondescript,parquet*b,pastelB2b,pastilleb,[nb10] pâté,[nb11] précisA2,sachet,salona,savantabA2,solfège,[8] sorbet,[nb12] soupçon,[9] vaccine.AlsosomeFrenchnames,including: Degas, Dijon,[10] Dumas,[11] Manet,[12] Monet,[nb13][13] Renaulta,[nb14][14] Rimbaud.[nb15][15]2ndlastattaché,consomméa,décolleté,déclassé,démodé,[16] denouement,distingué,escargot,exposé,fiancé(e)A2,[nb16] retroussé.AlsosomeFrenchnames,including: Debussyb, Dubonneta.last1staddressbA1 (noun),assaybAB2 (noun),decadebB1,[nb17][17] esquireb*A2,magazineA2,mayonnaiseA2 tiradeA2,((bi)p)artisana.B1/2[nb18]2nd1startisanalA1,liaisonabA2*[nb19],[18] macraméab, Renaissanceab,[nb20] reveille其它重读情况BrEAmEwordswithrelevantsyllablestressedineachdialect[1][2]1st2ndadultBAB2,aristocratAB2, BalthazarA,basaltBA2,cerebral/cerebrumA2,communalBA2*,B2,concave/convexABAB2,harassAB2,inculcateAB2,kilometre/kilometerAB2,[nb22][32] omegaA,paprikaA*AB2,patinaA1,quadrupleABAB2,stalactiteA2,stalagmiteA2, SuezA2*,subalternA2,thanksgivingABB2,transferenceAA2, UlyssesA2nd1stancillaryB,applicableAB2,[33] AugustineBA2,capillary,catenary,controversyB1,corollary,defence/offenseAA2 (sport),fritillary,guffawA1,[34]mama/papaAB2,marshmallowAB,[nb23] medullaryBAB2,[35] miscellany,[nb24] patronal,[36] predicative,pretence/pretenseAA1,princess*AA2 ,saxophonistBB2,spread(-)eagledAB,[37] substratumABA2,tracheaAB2,weekendABAB21st3rdobsoleteABAB2,opportuneAB,submarineABAB2(noun)2nd3rdadvertisement,submarinerA23rd1stcockatooABAB2,hemoglobinAB,margarineB, PyreneesAB3rd2ndarytenoidA1,obscurantismABA2,[38] oregano*A英式英语vs美式英语（单词）　　1.人行道：(B)Pavement;(A)sidewalk　　2.垃圾：(B)Rubbish;(A)trash　　3.足球：(B)football;(A)soccer　　4.地铁(B)Tube(A)subway　　5.饼干：(B)biscuit;(A)cookie　　6.糖果：(B)sweets;(A)candy　　7.句号：(B)fullstop;(A)period　　8.秋天：(B)autumn;(A)fall　　9.公寓(B)Flat;(A)apartment　　10.电梯(B)Lift;(A)elevator　　11.炸薯条(B)chips;(A)fries　　12.汽油(B)Petrol–(A)Gas　　13.高速公路(B)Motorway–(A)highway　　14.果冻(B)Jam–(A)jelly　　15.电影院(B)Cinema–(A)movietheatre　　16.裤子(B)Trousers–(A)pants　　17.停车场(B)Carpark–(A)parkinglot 　　18.毛衣(B)Jumper–(A)sweater　　19.节假日(B)–(A)vacation　　20.邮政编码(B)Postcode–(A)zipcode美国英语单词大全与英式英语单词对比词汇大全，美国英语单词和英国英语单词在拼写和发音方面有许多区别，下面的词汇列表，列举出了英国英语和美国英语单词中的差别，具有差别的英语单词大全。汉/英/美飞机aeroplane/airplane航空邮件air-post/air-mail对……（人）生气angrywith/angryat垃圾箱ash-bin(dust-bin)/ashcan秋autumn/fall面包店bakery/bakehouse纸币(bank-)note/(bank-)bill理发厅barber"sshop/barbershop浴盆bath/bathtub浴室bathroom/bath寝具bedclothes/covers饼干biscuit/cracker百叶窗blind/shade公寓blockofflats/apartmenthouse宿舍boardinghouse/dormitory预约booking/reservation售票处booking-office/ticket-office 长筒鞋boot/shoe圆顶黑色高帽bowler/derby裤子的吊带braces/suspenders小憩时间break/recess中途下车breakone"sjourney/stopover白洋布、印花布calico/printedcloth旅行队，篷车caravan/trailer客车carriage/coach游览车charabanc/sightseeingbus药局chemist"sshop/drugstore支票cheque/check衣柜chest-drawers/bureau教名Christianname/firstname电影院cinema/picturehouse寄物处，衣帽间cloakroom/checkroom光头closecrop/crewout衣夹clothes-peg/clothes-pin公共汽车coach/bus雄鸡cock/rooster棺材coffin/casket魔术师conjuror/magician蒸汽锅cooker/stove 谷物corn/grain棍棒cosh/blackjack领带cravat/(neck)tie十字路口cross-roads/intersection碗柜cupboard/closet窗帘curtain/drape煎报cutting/clipping骑自行车的人cyclist/cycler舞厅dancingsaloon/danceball死者，故人deceased/decedent无尾礼服dinner-jacket/tuxedo抹布dish-cloth/dishtowel老资格，老前辈doyen/dean绸缎店draper"sshop/dry-goodsstore西洋象棋draughts/checkers客厅drawingroom/parlor睡衣dressing-gown/bathrobe酒类饮料drink/liquor偶然拜访dropin/dropby垃圾箱dust-bin/ashcan公司的休憩时间elevenses/coffeebreak雇佣engage/hire 机车，车头engine/locomotive过分excessively/overly快递expressdeliverypost/specialdeliverymail战争fighting/combat消防队fire-brigade/fire-department二楼firstfloor/secondfloor鱼类，海味fish/seafood鱼贩fish-monger/fish-dealer花线，皮线flex/electriccord人行道footway/sidewalk空格表form/blank二星期fortnight/twoweeks句点fullstop/period橡皮套鞋galoshes/rubbers监狱gaol/jail再见good-bye/good-by货车goodstrain/freighttrain卡车goodswaggon/freightcar食品杂货店grocer"sshop/grocerystore一楼groundfloor/firstfloor车掌guard/conductor长筒橡皮套鞋overshoes/gumboots 大炮cannon/gun争价，还价haggle/dicker一半halfa/ahalf门厅，回廊hall/hallway长筒靴highboot/boot休假holiday/vacation旅馆的侍者hotelpage/bellboy有病的ill/sick旅馆主人innkeeper/innholder演出休息时间interval/intermission铁器店ironmonger"s/hardwarestore水罐jug/pitcher街道的边石kerb/curb邮票，印花税票label/sticker标签label/tag化妆室ladies"cloakroom/powderroom地崩，山崩landslip/landslide厕所lavatory/washroom电梯，升降机lift/elevator铁路line/road寄宿者lodger/roomer卡车lorry/truck 西装loungesuit/sackcoat行李luggage/baggage主要街道，大路mainroad/highway玉米maize/corn汽车(motor)car/auto(mobile)市政厅municipaloffice/cityhall音乐厅，演艺馆musichall/varietyhouse棉布muslin/calico零naught,noughtzero通讯社news-agent/news-dealer单据夹note-case/billfold告示notice/bulletin校友lodboys(girls)/alumni大衣，外套overcoat/topcoat（纸牌的）一组pack(ofcards)/deck内裤，短裤pants/shorts小包，包裹parcel/package挂布pelmet/valance婴儿车perambulator/prambabycarriage也许perhaps/maybe汽油petrol/gasoline电影pictures/movies 邮筒pillar-box/letter-box（电器）接头point/outlet转辙手pointman/switchman职业的professional/career公共电话publiccall-box/paystation酒馆，酒店publichouse/tavern（车胎等）爆坏puncture/becomeflat钱包，皮夹purse/pocket-book睡衣pyjamas/pajamas赛马场racecourse/racetrack铁路railway/railroad火车站railwaystation/depot电冰箱refrigerator/icebox来回车票returnticket/round-tripticket挂断电话ringoff/hangup打电话ringup/call人行道roadway/pavement圆环roundaboutrotary,trafficcircle垃圾堆rubbish-heap/trashheap围毯rug/robe解雇sack/fire大麦饼scone/biscuit 海sea/ocean定期票，长期票seaonticket/commutationticket抵押security/collateral鞋子shoe/oxford擦皮鞋shoe-black/boot-black商店shop/store店员shopassistant/clerk女店员sjpp-girl/salesgirl颊发side-shiskers/sideburns单程车票singleticket/one-wayticket地基，地点site/lot枕木sleepers/crossties袜带suspenders/garters律师solicitor/lawyer螺丝起子spanner/wrench眼镜spectacles/eyeglasses毕业典礼speechday/commencement教员staff/faculty公立学校stateschool/publicschool停留stay/stopper石头stone/rock地下道subway/underpass 日出sunrise/sunup餐后甜点sweet/coursedessert糖果sweets/candy燕尾服tail-coat/cutaway水龙头tap/faucet终点terminus/terminal大公寓，大杂院tenements/flat神秘小说，侦探小说thriller/mysterystory领带夹tie-pin/stickpin截止期限time-limit/deadline时间表timetable/schedule罐头食品tinnedgoods/cannedgoods手电筒torch/flashlight城市town/city电车tramcarstreetcar/trolley长途电话trunkcall/long-distancecall裤子trousers/pants地下铁路tube/subway裤管的反折turn-ups/cuffs地下铁路underground/subway傧仪业者undertaker/mortician贴身内衣underwear/undershirt 杂项表演variety/burlesque阳台veranda/porch贴身内衣vest/undershirt名片visitingcard/callingcard背心waist-coat/vest洗礼日washingday/wash-day酒店winemerchant/liquorstore无线电wireless/radio工作时间workingday/workday工厂works/factoryBBCFormanypeoplecommutingisanecessaryevil.Mostseegoingbycarorvanasthe"leastworst"option.ThisstudybytheresearchersattheUniversityofEastAngliachallengesthatassumption.Itsuggestswalking,cyclingortravellingbypublictransportcanliftthemood.Crucially,itsuggeststhosewhoswitchfromthecartoanactivecommutefeelbetteracrossarangeofpsychologicalmeasures,includingconcentration,decisionmakingandtheabilitytofaceuptoproblems. Theresearcherssaypoliciesencouragingpeopletoleavetheircarsathomecouldhaveadramaticimpactonpublicwellbeing.CNNAsteroids.Oursolarsystemislitteredwiththem,andaccordingtoNASA,abigoneiscomingclosetoearth.Butnoneedtofret.Thereisnochancethatthisspacerockwillcollidewithourplanet.Byclose,wemeanmorethan700,000milesfromEarth.OraboutthreetimesadistancefromheretotheMoon.Weshouldbegettingsomegreatradarimagesofthisasteroid.So,radarwillbethekeytostudytheasteroid"ssurface,togetanideaforhowit"sshaped,whetherithasrocksandthatkindofstuffonit,thatwillbereallyexciting.Theasteroidiscalled2004BL86.Andscientistsestimateittobeaboutathirdofamileinsize.WhileasteroidspassbytheEarthallthetime,thisisthelargestonetocomethisclosetoEarthuntil2027.So,scientistsarejumpingattheopportunitytoobserveandstudyit.Now,well,thereisnoimminentasteroidthreatthatweknowof. Thatisn"tstoppingscientistsfromtrackingandcataloguingtheseasteroidsanddevelopingplanetarydefensestrategies.So,overtimewearegoingtofindmoreandmoreoftheseasteroidsandweslowlyeliminateallofthe,youknow,largeonesfrompossibilityofhittingtheEarthinthenexthundredyearsorso.Thisparticularone,wehavetokeepaneyeon.Hereina1000years,therecouldbeanincreasingchangeofthisasteroidgettingtheEarth.So,wewanttokeepaneyeonit,wekeeptrackingitandjust-makesurewe"vechecked,youknow,inthelongtermthatthereisnotanypossibilityofeventhisonehittingtheEarth.Butscientistsaren"ttheonlyoneswhowillbetrackingthisthing.Allyouneedtoseeit,agoodsetofbinocularsortelescopeandadarkclearsky.Beforewego,Ihaveawhaleofataletotellyou.小行星。整个太阳系中都是它们的身影,而现在美国国家航空航天局表示一颗大的即将接近地球。但是没有必要担惊受怕。这块来自太空的大岩石根本没有任何几率会同地球相撞。这通过近距离观察的结果,我们的意思是距离地球超过700000英里。大约是从这里到月球的距离的3倍。我们应该能够掌握一些关于这颗小行星的雷达图像。因此雷达将是研究这颗小行星外表的关键,了解它的构造,是否表面有岩石及这样的物质,这令人非常兴奋。这颗小行星被命名为2004BL86。科学家估计它大小大约是三分之一英里。虽然一直以来都有小行星经过地球,但2027年前目前这是接近地球最大的一颗。 因此科学家们不会放弃观察及研究的机会。据我们所知，现阶段没有迫在眉睫的小行星威胁。然而这并不能阻止科学家们对这些小行星进行追踪及分类，发展行星防御策略。因此我们会发现越来越多的这些小行星，而且我们会慢慢消除所有威胁,你知道,在接下来的几百年左右大颗星系撞击地球的可能性。这颗行星非常特殊,我们必须留意。1000年中,这颗接触地球的小行星会有明显的变化。所以,我们想关注,我们会密切监视其一举一动,只是—确保我们细致检查,你知道,从长远来看,这颗行星撞击地球没有任何可能性。但并不只有科学家们关注这颗行星。如果想要观测，你需要的只是一套好的双筒望远镜或望远镜及黑夜的晴空。在节目结束之前，我会为你带来一头鲸鱼的故事。