赠品英语音标教学课件资料音标讲解教程.doc 15页

音标英语国际音标表（48个）元音（20个）长元音/ɑ://ɔ://ɜ://i://u:/短元音/ʌ//ɒ//ə//ɪ//ʊ//e//æ/双元音/eɪ//aɪ//ɔɪ//ɪə//eə//ʊə//əʊ//aʊ/辅音（28个）轻辅音/p//t//k//f//θ//s/浊辅音/b//d//g//v//ð//z/轻辅音/ʃ//h//ts//tʃ//tr/浊辅音/ʒ//r//dz//dʒ//dr/鼻音/m//n//ŋ/半元音/j//w/边音/ǀ/*嘴巴的形状会直接影响到发音的效果，口型对了，不需要短促有力，发多久也是对的元音单元音1./i://i//e//æ/1)./i:/音高咧嘴舌尖抵下齿，像笑一样/i:/发这个音的字母和字母组合eeaeebee/bi:/meat/mi:t/team/ti:m/sheep/ʃiːp/piece/pi:s/keep/ki:p/sweet/swi:t/thief/θi:f/ eg.Canyouseethegreenleavesofeachtreeinthefield.Speedingonthefreeway.Heandshe.2)./i/嘴唇微张，舌尖抵下齿，舌前部稍微抬高，舌头略微向后缩/i/发这个音的字母和字母组合ie(begin)y(happy)ey(monkey)ay（sunday）big/big/dig/dig/kick/kik/tip/tip/zip/zip/quick/kwik/fish/fiʃ/nick/nik/Jim/dʒim/eg.Bequick!Bequick!We’llgotothecinema.Whatisit?Itisaticket.*/i:/&/i/对比练习：sit/sit/ship/ʃip/seat/si:t/sheep/ʃiːp/hit/hit/hill/hil/heat/hi:t/heal/hi:l/sleep/sli:p/eat/i:t/slip/slip/it/it/reach//seek//rich//sick//eg.Been/beanIateabean./Ihavebeenthere.Eat/itIeatit.Beat/bitThebeatisabitstrong.Keys/kissGivemeakissforthekeys.Feet/fitTheseshoesfitmyfeet.Peel/pillDon’tpeelthatpill.Sheep/shipTherearesheepontheship.These/thisThesearebetterthanthisone.Deed/didHedidthedeed.Cheek/chickThechick’scheekissoft.3)./e/唇形扁平，舌尖抵下齿，舌前部稍微隆起（下巴向下“点”）/e/发这个音的字母和字母组合eeaeggbelldesklegpetbreadheadelephanteg.Thevetisfedupwiththatwet,deadpet.WholeadTedtothedeadheadinthebed?4)./æ/嘴张大且拉向两边，呈扁平型，舌尖抵下齿/æ/发这个音的字母和字母组合a dadcapbadapplestandeg.Cat!Cat!Catchthatfatcat.IcannotimagineSamwroteabadexam.Dadpattedthecat.[e]和[æ]对比：bed–badmet-matKen–canmen-mansent–sankshed–shacklet–ladset–satpeck–packbet–batred–ratjet–Jack*四个音标对比：/i:/heat/i/hit/e/het/æ/hat例句：Thebeanshavebeencookingsincesixo’clock.Sitinthatseatbythewindow.Weateourmeal,bythemill.Thesealwillliveintheocean.Tim’steamgrinnedafterseeingthegreenfield.PipandPeteshippedthesheepcheaply.ThosebinsareforBill’sbeans.DoesJimstillstealJill’sjeans?ThegirlsputconcreteonJill’ssneakers.Pickcherriesattheirpeakoryouwilleatthepits.2./u://ʊ//ɔ://ɒ/1)./u:/嘴型小而圆，嘴唇外凸，尽量向前，舌头向后缩，发此音喉咙和腮帮有略微紧张感发这个音的字母和字母组合ooouiBlueBoothNewsJuiceLoosenRulerFoodChooseMoodMovingLoopKneweg.Theroomintheschoolwasverycool.ViewingthemoononJunenights.Doyourememberthewomanwholivedinashoe?Shehadn’tacluewhattodowhenherfamilygrew.Well,throughyourhelp,theyaremovinginJuneintotwobigboots 2)./ʊ/嘴唇张开，略向前突出，上嘴唇向上翘，嘴型收圆并放松，舌后部向上抬起，舌头后缩发这个音的字母和字母组合ooou.FootTookCookwomanGoodLookBookPuteg.Where’sthecookbook?Pleasetakealook.*一般情况下，在字母”l,m,n”前面，”oo”发长音/u:/;而在字母“t,d,k”前面，”oo”发短音/u/*/u:/和/ʊ/对比a.同一单词中两种音都有WoodWouldyouhelpme?Hollywood,Californiab.food---footpool---pullfool---full例句Hetookagoodlookunderthehoodandfoundaflute.Julieenjoysgoodbooksafterschool.Heputhisfootinthenewboot.Shetookherstudentstothebrooktowashtheirshoes.Wepulledhimoutoftheswimmingpool.Thefoolateuntilhewasfull.3)./ɔ:/双唇收的小而圆，向前突出，舌身向后缩发这个音的字母和字母组合alauouaw(oroor)SmalldrawtalktallstrawberryAuthorcaughtautumnboughthorseflooreg.Paulplaysbasketball.IamPaul.Iamtall.Givemeacall.I"mlookingforwardtomeetingyou.Forceyourselftodomore.It"simportantforustopracticemore.4)./ɒ/（与/ɔ:/的口型几乎完全相反）口型完全张开，嘴张大，舌头向后缩，双唇稍微收圆,像“啊”发这个音的字母和字母组合oaHotTopStopProbablyFollowNotSockProductSolveProblemeg.Bobopenedtheboxandfollowedtheinstructions.Tomputsomecotton,rocksandadoorknobinhislocker. Hismommadeaconcretemodelofahockeyrink./ɔ:/和/ɒ/的对比Pot----portshot----short*四个音标对比/u:/---bootfool/u/---bookfull/ɔ:/---boughtfall/ɒ/---bot3./ɜ://ə//ɑ://ʌ/1)./ɜ:/嘴型扁平，上下齿微微张开，舌头放平，舌中部微微抬起，有齿间距，肌肉略微紧张发这个音的字母和字母组合erirurearorHerservebirdgirldirtynurseThursdayturtleearlylearnwordworldeg.Thenursesawaturtleonherpurplecurtain.Hediedoftheburnshereceivedinthefire.Thegirlisanurse.2)./ə/嘴唇微微张开，舌头自然放松，舌中部微微隆起发这个音的字母和字母组合ureeraroraePictureteacherdinnersistersugarDoctorpandaaboveaboutChinaeg.What’sthematterwithyou?I’dliketohavedinnerwithyoutonight.Theoperationisasuccessandnowthepatientisoutofdanger.3)./ɑ:/口腔打开，嘴张大，舌身放平，舌尖不抵下齿，下巴收低，放松发音(与读“啊”的区别就是下巴要往下)发这个音的字母和字母组合aarauearGrassclassplantfastcarMarchcardarklaughhearteg.It’stoofartoseetheshark;It’stoodarktoseetheshark.Oh!Theshark’steetharesharp.Ifweinterfere,itmaydomoreharmthangood.Thefarmisfarfromthepark. 4)./ʌ/嘴唇微微张开，伸向两边，舌尖轻触下齿，舌后部稍微抬起，齿间距为两指的高度发这个音的字母和字母组合ouooouSoncomelovesupperusSunguntouchcousincountryeg.Hurryup!Hurryup!Aduckcutsabuginthemud.Thiscupismadeofstainlesssteel.Underthebus./ɑ:/和/ʌ/的区别Cut----cartluck-----larkduck----darkTough---taskfar---funbus-----bath*单元音绕口令1.BettyBoughtabitofbetterbutter.“But,”shesaid,“thisbutter’sbitter.IfIbakethisbitterbutter.Itwouldmakemybatterbitter.Butabitofbetterbutter.Thatwouldmakemybatterbetter.”Sosheboughtabitofbutter.Betterthanherbitterbutter.Andshebakeditinherbatter;Andthebatterwasnotbitter.SoitwasbetterBettyBotter.Boughtabitofbetterbutter.2.Iwishtowishthewishyouwishtowish,butifyouwishthewishthewitchwishes,Iwon"twishthewishyouwishtowish.3.AllIwantisapropercupofcoffeemadeinapropercoppercoffeepot,youcanbelieveitornot,butIjustwantacupofcoffeeinapropercoffeepot.Tincoffeepotsorironcoffeepotsareofnousetome.IfIcan"thaveapropercupofcoffeeinapropercoppercoffeepot,I"llhaveacupoftea!4.Ithoughtathought.ButthethoughtIthoughtwasn"tthethoughtIthoughtIthought.5.Abigblackbugbitabigblackbear,madethebigblackbearbleedblood.Abigblackbugbitabigblackbear.Where"sthebigblackbearthebigblackbugbit?双元音发音要领：发音时，由第一个音向第二个音滑动，口型有个过程。双元音都是“降读式”，即先高后低，先长后短，先重后轻。1./ei/嘴巴从大到小，口型由半开到闭合，发音前长后短，前重后轻./e/到/i/滑动-à”A”发这个音的字母和字母组合aaiayCakenamesnakeraintrainPainpaintdayplaywayeg.Rain,rain,goaway.Comeagainanotherday.Littlekids,wanttoplay.Rain,raingoaway.Hekeptuswaitingforageswhilehepackedhisluggage.Thebabysnakelivedinapaintedcage. Nopains,nogains.不劳无获2./ai//a/重读，/i/轻读，口型由大到小，牙齿由全开到闭合--à“I”发这个音的字母和字母组合iyieuyKitenicetigerbyflyWhytiepiebuyknifeEg.Mikelikestowritebythenicebrightlightatnight.Neversaydie.Strikewhiletheironishot.趁热打铁3./ɒi/前重后轻，双唇由圆形’ɒ’到扁形”i”发这个音的字母和字母组合oioyOilboilcoinboytoyEg.Oneboyisaboy.Twoboysarehalfboy.Threeboysarenoboy.Somesoilsarenotsuitableforfarming.Thespoiledboy’sannoyingvoice4./aʊ/前重后轻，口型由大到小，双唇收圆，舌后部逐渐慢慢抬高(舌位由低到高)发这个音的字母和字母组合ouowHousemousemouthCowhowdowntownEg.Amouseranintoacow’smouthinfrontofthehouse.Youwillsoundlikeanativespeaker,ifyoupracticeover1000times.HerhouseisontheSouthsideofthemountain.5./əʊ/口型有半开到小,舌位由半低到高发这个音的字母和字母组合ooaowNoseroseoverboatGoatwindowsnowshowEg.Leo,Leo.Let’sgo!Youaretooslow!Idon’thopeso!I’vetoldyouso.Idon’tknowwheretheholeisonthecoat.DoesJoeknowhowtodriveontheroad?6./ɪə/前重后轻，双唇始终半开<嘴不要张的太大>.由/i/很快滑向/ə/发这个音的字母和字母组合eareerEarhearteardeerbeerideaEg.Openyourear,listenmyidea.Givethedeer,aglassofbeer.Isitclear?Lifeisnotallbeerandskittles. Thedeerisfulloffear.7./eə/前重后轻，舌尖抵下齿，双唇半开发这个音的字母和字母组合airearHairchairpearbearwearEg.Abeariseatingapearoverthere.Youmustcarethepearsonthechair.It"snotfairtokickanotherplayerinfootball.Wherearetheirpears?8./ʊə/前重后轻，双唇由收圆到半开，不能把/ʊ/发的太长发这个音的字母和字母组合ooroururePoortoursurepureEg.IamsurethewaterisalureonatourGettingthirdprizewaspoorconsolationforalltheirhardwork.Iassureyouheisnotpoor.*双元音绕口令1.Saythissharply,saythissweetly,saythisshortly,saythissoftly.Saythissixteentimesinsuccession.2.Franc"sfatherisfryingFrenchfriesforhisfivefire-fighterfriendsaftertheyfinishedafire-fightinginafactory.3.Apleasantpeasantkeepsapleasantpheasantandboththepeasantandthepheasantarehavingapleasanttimetogether.4.Atidytigertiedatietightertotidyhertinytail.辅音1./p/双唇紧闭（抿回去），然后快速张开，让气流冲出口腔，声带不振动（清）发这个音的字母和字母组合ppppianopandaparrotpetshipsheeppigstopapplehappyeg.Practicemakesperfect.Peterispickingplumsandapples.PatandPaulmeteachotherinapark.2./b/ 与/p/发音规则相同，只有一点--à声带振动（浊）发这个音的字母和字母组合bbbbookballbirdbigbananarubberrabbitcabbageEg.Grababite.Thebigbuildingistwoblocksaway.Therobberbrokeintothebank,butwascaughtbythepolice.3./t/舌尖抵上齿龈，憋住气，突然弹开舌尖，让气流从口腔中喷出，声带不振动（清）发这个音的字母和字母组合ttttableteataxicatratfatticketbuttermattereg.Mypetwasacat.Itsatinahatandwatchedarat.What’sthedatetoday?4./d/与/t/发音规则相同，只有一点--à声带振动（浊）发这个音的字母和字母组合dedduckseeddoordeskdayredsmiledopenedplayedeg.Dick’sdadgivesTedakindofdeliciousfoodinhisreddirtyhand.Theoldlady’sdaughterisadoctor.Dick’sdaughterDianadoesn’tlikedancing.5./k/舌后部抵住软腭，憋住气，舌头突然间离开，将气送出，像咳嗽一样，声带不振动（清）发这个音的字母和字母组合ckckcapcookcupcookmilkkeyclocksockcockneckeg.Thekidsoftengohikingatweekends.Cutyourcoataccordingtoyourcloth.Acookislookingforabook,hewantstocookacakeinacookerforallofthecooks.6./g/与/k/发音规则相同，只有一点--à声带振动（浊）发这个音的字母和字母组合gggglassgolfgetgirlbaggoatflageggeg.Agoodbeginningmakesagoodending.Heisagoodguy.Agoodbeginningmakesagoodending.7./f/ 尚持轻轻地接触下唇，（不要咬）吹气，气流从上齿和下唇间的空隙通过形成摩擦，声带不振动（清）发这个音的字母和字母组合fffphghfivefanflowerleafgiraffephoneelephantlaugheg.BeautifulflowersHefoundhimselfface-to-facewithhisfather.8./v/与/f/发音规则相同，只有一点--à声带振动（浊）发这个音的字母和字母组合vvevideovasevestfiveloveviolineg.Itisverydifficultforustofinishitbeforefive.Nomatterwhereyoumove,nomatterwhatyouhave,nomatterhowyoulive.Rememberourlove.*leave---leafsave---safeprove----proofveal----feel9./s/双唇微微张开，舌头自然放松，气流从上下齿缝间送出，声带不振动（清）发这个音的字母和字母组合scsscestarsunpencilcitygrassglassfaceniceeg.Mysisterisanurse.Sheisverynice.Speaklessandlistenmore.Sallyalwayssuffersfromsea-sicknesswhensheisatsea.10./z/与/s/发音规则相同，只有一点--à声带振动（浊）发这个音的字母和字母组合zssezerozebrazoobagsphotosnoseroseeg.Boysandgirls,wholoseagooseinazoo?Raiseyourhandsplease.Samcollectshorse-grassesandallsortsofglasses.11./θ/舌尖微微伸出，上下齿轻轻（放松，不要使劲）咬住舌尖，送气，声带不振动（清）发这个音的字母和字母组合ththreethinthirdteethmoutheg.Athousandthanks.Theseacoversalmostthree-fourthsoftheearthsurface.Theseclothesaren’tworthanything.12./ð/与/θ/发音规则相同，只有一点--à声带振动（浊）发这个音的字母和字母组合th fathermotherbrotherclothesweatherEg.Mr.Smithtalkedaboutthis,that,andtheother.Theyaretheirs.HelefthisfatherandmotherandwentabroadwithhisbrotherArthur.*breath----breatheteeth---teetheworth---worthynorth---northernThin---sinthing---singthink---sinkthick---sick*TonguetwistersThethrongofthermometersfromtheThuringianThermometerFolksarrivedonThursday.Therewereathousandthirty-threethickthermometers,though,insteadofathousandthirty-sixthinthermometers,whichwasthreethermometersfewerthanthethousandthirty-sixwewereexpecting,nottomentionthattheywerethickonesratherthanthinones.Wethoroughlythoughtthatwehadorderedathousandthirty-six,notathousandthirty-three,thermometers,andaskedtheThuringianThermometerFolkstoreshipthethermometers,thin,notthick.Theyapologizedforsendingonlyathousandthirty-threethermometersratherthanathousandthirty-sixandpromisedtoreplacethethickthermometerswiththinthermometers.13./ʃ/双唇微开，向前突出，舌尖升近上龈，用力将气息送出来，发“师”音.(清)发这个音的字母和字母组合sshchsugarsureshipnationfishingchicagoeg.Shesellsseashellsbytheseashore.Theshellsshesellsaresurelyseashells.Soifshesellsshellsontheseashore,I"msureshesellsseashoreshells.14./ʒ/ZSH与/ʃ/发音规则相同，只有一点--à声带振动（浊）发这个音的字母和字母组合stelevision,usually,Asiausual(uzshual)massagechefeg.Televisiongivemepleasure.Pleasuremakestreasure.It’snotunusualforpeopletostudydivisioninAsia15./tʃ/双唇略微张开，突出，先用舌尖抵上齿龈，突然张开，使气流外冲而成音，发“吃”音，声带不振动（清）发这个音的字母和字母组合chtchteacherpeachcherrychairwatcheg.Chalseiscatchingachickeninthekitchen.Hehadafeelingthatshewasbeingwatched.JanehadchickenandFrenchfriesforlunch.16./dʒ/与/tʃ/发音规则相同，只有一点--à声带振动（浊） 发这个音的字母和字母组合gjdgegingergiraffejumpjoborangecabbageeg.It’safamousbridge.It’snotstrange.Hisattemptsatcookingareacompletejoke.Justforajoke,wemixedginandgingerwithsomejam.17./w/双唇缩小向前突出，舌后部抬起，嘴巴慢慢地向两边滑开，气息流过，振动声带(浊)发这个音的字母和字母组合wwhWishwhichalwayssomeoneWhatwillwedo?Thewindfromthewestwasverywet.(Noticeveryhasa/v/sound)Wewokeupandwashedthewhitewashcloth.Wewaitedforthewaitresstogiveuswater.*(Q=KWeg.Questionquitquickchoir)18./r/舌尖齿龈(后部)摩擦辅音。发音时舌尖卷起，靠近上齿龈后部。舌两侧稍收扰。双唇略突出。气流通过舌尖和齿龈形成轻微摩擦。浊辅音，声带振动。（浊）发这个音的字母和字母组合rrrwrRockRipTurnPoorVeryDirectionEg.Thestoryhereadontheradiowasincorrect.Theroundroosterrushedintothewrongroad.RichardandBrooketookarideintheirbrandnewRangeRovertruck.*Rick–WickRight–White19./tr/双唇收圆向前突出，舌尖上翘，抵上齿龈，采取发/r/时的姿势，声带不振动（清）发这个音的字母和字母组合trtreetruckstrawberrytrickeg.Onemoretry,don’tgiveup.You’llreachthesky.Theboydrewatrainrunningalongthetrees.20./dr/与/tr/发音规则相同，只有一点--à声带振动（浊）发这个音的字母和字母组合drdrinkdriverdragondryeg.Ihadastrangedreaminthetrain..Judy’sdreamhascometrueatlast.Mr.Trenchtreatedmetosomestrongdrinks.19./ts/ 舌尖抵住上齿，堵住气流，作好发“t”的姿势，气流冲破阻碍（从舌尖和齿龈之间送出），发出短促的“t”音后，紧接着就发“s”这摩擦音，声带不振动（清）发这个音的字母和字母组合tstesseatsgoatscoatscatsgateskitesdatestasteseg.Peasantsplantpeanuts.Ratseatpeanuts.Catscatchrats.Ihavelotsofworktodo.What’swrong?20./dz/与/ts/发音规则相同，只有一点--à声带振动（浊）发这个音的字母和字母组合dsdesseedswoodsfriendsrideseg.Showmeyourhands,myfriends.Wearebirds,we’regotnohands.Wordsaremybiggestproblems.21./h/全身放松，嘴唇自然张开，气息由声门出来，气流不受阻碍，自由逸出口腔（自然哈气），但是不振动声带(清)发这个音的字母和字母组合hwhHeherwhoheartEg.Hi!Howareyou?Shehasn’theardfromherhusbandforhalfamonth.22./l/双唇微开，舌尖抵上齿龈，舌尖轻轻用力弯曲，气流从舌的旁边送出，振动声带。（浊）发这个音的字母和字母组合lllLunchloveinflationbelievebillpeopleEg.Alittlepillmaywellcureagreatill.Don’tpeelthatpill.Weateourmeal,bythemill.DoesJimstillstealJill’sjeans?*ThirtyLittleTurtlesInaBottleofBottledWaterAbottleofbottledwaterheld30littleturtles.Itdidn"tmatterthateachturtlehadtorattleametalladleinordertogetalittlebitofnoodles,atotalturtledelicacy.Theproblemwasthatthereweremanyturtlebattlesforthelessthanoodlesofnoodles.Thelittlestturtlesalwayslost,becauseeverytimetheythoughtaboutgrapplingwiththehagglerturtles,theirlittleturtlemindsboggledandtheyonlycaughtalittlebitofnoodles.*R和L比较Red–LedRick–LickReef-LeafRear–LearEg.sealringtollroadalreadycivilrightsRailroad 23./m/发音时软颚下垂，双唇紧闭，舌头放松，气流从鼻腔送出，声带振动。（浊）发这个音的字母和字母组合mmbMouthmilkmoonclimbEg.MoreandmoreMydreamistomakeamooncakeformymother24./n/双唇微微张开，舌尖抵住上龈，振动声带，使气流从鼻腔出来。（浊）发这个音的字母和字母组合nkngnNoserainkneesignfineEg.Hewasleftallalone.I’mdyinginthetown.I’smine!25.[ŋ]双唇完全张开，舌尖抵住下龈，舌根自然向上抵住气流，使气息由鼻孔流出来，振动声带（浊）发这个音的字母和字母组合nngsingsongrunningEg.Iwanttosingthissong.Iamyoung.26./j/双唇微开，口型呈微笑状，舌尖抵下齿，舌面贴往上颚，气流摩擦而出，声带振动。（浊）发这个音的字母和字母组合有yYouyardyouryesEg.I’llmeetyouattheusualtime.It’snousearguingwithsuchastupidman.练习TongueTwisters：1.FuzzyWuzzywasabear,FuzzyWuzzyhadnohair.FuzzyWuzzywasn’tfuzzy,washe?2.PeterPiperpickedapeckofpickledpeppers.ApeckofpickledpeppersPeterPiperpicked.IfPeterPiperpickedapeckofpickledpeppers,HowmanypeppersdidPeterPiperpick?3.Shesellsseashellsbytheseashore. Theshellsshesellsaresurelyseashells.Soifshesellsshellsontheseashore,I’msureshesellsseashoreshells.4.Howmuchwood,wouldawoodchuckchuckifawoodchuckcouldchuckwood?Hewouldchuck,hewould,asmuchashecould,andchuckasmuchwoodasawoodchuckwouldifawoodchuckcouldchuckwood.5.Whichwitch,wishedwhichwickedwish?Whilewewerewalking,wewerewatchingwindowwasherswashWashington’swindowswithwarmwashingwater.Iftwowitcheswouldwatchtwowatches,whichwitchwouldwatchwhichwatch?