高考英语语法解题专项复习16 10页

动词的非谓语形式1.Thenextmorningshefoundtheman______inbed.A.lyingB.lieC.layD.laying答：A．1ylng现在分词做宾语补足语，表示状态。2.Tellhim______thewindow.A.toshutnotB.nottoshutC.tonotshutD.notshut答：B。tellsb.(not)todosth.3.Onlyoneofthesebooksis______.A.worthytoreadB.worthbeingreadC.worthofreadingD.worthreadingworthdoing答：D。beworthytobecloneworthyofbeingdone4.Mostofthepeople___________tothepartywerefamousscientists.A.invitedB.toinviteC.beinginvitedD.inviting答：A。四种被动式的比较：invited(过去分词)表示过去beinginvited(现在分词的被动式)表示进行tobeinvited(不定式的被动式)表示将来havingbeeninvited(现在分词完成式的被动式)表示完成5.Thesquirrelwasluckythatitjustmissed___.A.catchingB.tobecaughtC.beingcaughtD.tocatch答：C．miss后接动名词。此处应用动名词的被动式。6.Shedidn’tremember______himbefore.A.havingmetB.havemetC.tomeetD.tohavingmet答：A．rememberforget+doing/todo....，接动名词表示实际上已做过的事，接不定式表示实际上没傲的事．如：Iforgottolockthedooryesterday.我昨天忘记锁门了(实际上没有镇)。7.Theyknewherverywell.Theyhadseenher_____upfromchildhood.A.growB.grewC.wasgrowingD.togrow答：A．see后接省去to的不定式傲宾语补足语。此类动词主要有感观动词和使役动词see,watch,notice,observe,tookat,find,feel,listento,have,make,let等。8.Doyouknowtheboy___underthebigtree?A.layB.lainC.layingD.lying答：D。注意以下三个动词的不同形式：lie(躺)laylainlie(说谎)liedliedlyinglay(放)laidlaidlaying9.Goon_______theotherexerciseafteryouhavefinishedthisone. A.todoB.doingC.withD.tobedoinggoontodo...接下来傲另外一件事答：A．注意区别goondoing...接着做原来的事(goonwith+n.继续做某事10.Therewasaterriblenoise______thesuddenburstoflight.A.followB.followingC.tobefollowedD.beingfollowed答：B。先有闪电后有声音，所以应选B项。如：Theteacherwentintotheclassroom,followedbysomestudents.Followingtheirteacher,thestudentswentintotheclassroom.11.—Whatdoyouthinkofthebook?—Oh,excellent.It’sworth_____asecondtime.A.toreadB.tobereadC.readingD.beingread答：C。beworthdoing...12.Shepretended_______mewhenIpassedby.A.nottoseeB.notseeingC.tonotseeD.havingnotseen答：A。pretendtodo/nottodo/tobedoing/tohavedone...13.—Goodmorning.CanIhelpyou?—I’dliketohavethispackage____,madam.A.beweighedB.tobeweighedC.toweighD.weighed答：D。havesth.done14._______yourcoatatonce.Wemusthurry.A.WearB.WearingC.PutonD.Puttingon答：C．puton指动作，wear指状态，此处是祈使句。15.______moreattention,thetreescouldhavegrownbetter.A.GivenB.TogiveC.GivingD.Havinggiven答：A。分词做状语时，分词的逻辑主语应和句子的主语一致。16.Shereachedthetopofthehillandstopped________onabigrockbythesideofthepath.A.tohaverestedB.restingC.torestD.rest答：C。stopdoing停止做，stoptodo停下来去做。17.LastsummerItookacourseon________.A.howtomakedressesB.howdressesbemadeC.howtobemadedressesD.howdressestobemade答：A．不定式短语的构成由疑问代词what，which或疑问副词when，where，why，how等接不定式构成，疑问代词傲不定式的宾语，疑问副词做不定式的状语。如：Idon’tknowwhattodo/howtodoito 不定式短语的作用相当于名词性的从句，在句中可做主语，宾语和表语。18.Themurdererwasbroughtin,withhishands_______behindhisback.A.beingtiedB.havingtiedC.tobetiedD.tied答：D．beingtied，现在分词的被动式，强调正在进行的被动的动作。tobetied，不定式的被动式表示将来的被动的动作．withhishandstied指状态。19.Thesecretaryworkedlateintothenight,a_______longspeeehforthepresident.A.toprepareB.preparingC.preparedD.waspreparing答：B．现在分词傲状语表示状态。IcanhardlyimaginePeter_______acrosstheAtlanticOceaninfivedays.A.sailB.tosailC.sailingD.tohavesailed答；C。Imagine后接动名词，Petersal隔日相当于Petersailing相当于Peter’ssailing是带逻辑主语的动名词结构。21.—Thelightintheofficeisstillon.—Oh,Iforgot_________.A.turningitoffB.turnitoffC.toturnitoffD.havingturneditoff答：C．forgettodo...实际上没傲的事，forgetdoing...忘了实际上做过的事。22.Johnwasmade_______thetruckforaweekasapunishment.A.towashB.washingC.washD.tobewashing答：A．在感观动词和使役动词后，不定式傲宾补时省去to，但在被动语态中，应加上to。23.LittleJimshouldlove_______tothetheatrethisevening.A.tobetakenB.totakeC.beingtakenD.taking答：A。like(love,prefer,hate)todo/doing...接不定式表示特定的，具体的事，接动名词表示经常的，习惯的行为．如：Ilikeswimming.Iliketoswimthisafternoon.24.—Iusuallygotherebytrain.—Whynot_______byboatforachange?A.totrygoingB.trying,togoC.totryandgoD.trygoing答：D。不定式在why的问句中省去to．如：Whygo(notgo)there?trydoing试着做trytodo试图做。25.Iwouldappreciate___________backthisafternoon.A.youtocallB.youcallC.yourcallingD.you’recalling答：C。appreciate欣赏，感激，后接doing....26.There’resomanykindsoftape-recordersonsalethatIcan’tmakeupmymind_______tobuy.A.whatB.whichC.howD.where答：B。whichtobuyy该买哪一个，其他与句童不符．27._______areply,hedecidedtowriteagain. A.NotreceivingB.ReceivingnotC.NothavingreceivedD.Havingnotreceived答：C。分词的否定式not+-ing，此处应用完成式。28.“Can’tyouread?”Marysaid___________tothenotice.A.angrilypointingB.andpointangrilyC.angrilypointedD.andangrilypointing答：A。修饰动词sadi应用副词angrily,pomnng为分词做伴随状语。29.Howaboutthetwoofus______awalkdownthegarden?A.totakeB.takeC.takingD.tobetaking答：C．about介词后应接动名词做宾语。30.Thecomputercenter,___________lastyear,isverypopularamongthestudentsinthisschool.A.openB.openingC.havingopenedD.opened答：D．opened为过去分词做定语，相当于非限制性的定语从句whichwasopenedlastyear,....。31.CharlesBabbageisgenerallyconsidered________thefirstcomputer.A.toinventB.inventingC.tohaveinventedD.havinginvented答：C．不定式的完成式表示不定式本身的动作发生在谓语动词之前。如：Weseemtohavemeteachotherbefore.我们似乎以前见过面。32.—Imustapologizefor______aheadoftime.—That’sallright.A.lettingyounotknowB.notlettingyouknowC.lettingyouknownotD.lettingnotyouknow答：B．动名词的否定式由not+动名词构成。33.Themissingboyswerelastseen________neartheriver.A.playingB.tobeplayingC.playD.toplay答：A．不定式做宾补表示该动作的全过程，而现在分词做宾补则表示该动作正在进行。此题通过last(最后那一刻)可判断A项。34.Thevisitingministerexpressedhissatisfactionwiththetalks,__________thathehadenjoyedhisstayhere.A.havingaddedB.toaddC.addingD.added答：C．分词做伴随状语。35.Thefirsttextbooks_________forteachingEnglishasaforeignlanguagecameoutinthe16thcentury.A.havingwrittenB.tobewrittenC.beingwrittenD.written答：D．C项强调正在进行的被动动作。B项强调将要进行的被动动作。36.Weagreed___________herebutsofarshehasn’tturnedupyet.A.havingmetB.meetingC.tomeetD.tohavemet 答：C。agreetodo...同意做……37.Thepatientwaswarned___________oilyfoodaftertheoperation.A.toeatnotB.eatingnotC.nottoeatD.noteating答：C。warnsb.nottodo/againstdoing警告某人不要做某事38.___________inthought,healmostranintothecarinfrontofhim.A.LosingB.HavinglostC.LostD.Tolose答：C。belostinthought在沉思。lostinthought=ashewaslostinthought.39.Iwouldlove___________tothepartylastnightbutIhadtoworkextrahourstofinishareport.A.togoB.tohavegoneC.goingD.havinggone答：B。wouldlove(like)todo.宁愿做某事；wouldlove(like)tohavedone.宁愿以前(早就)做某事。不定式的完成式表示不定式本身的动作发生在谓语动词之前。如：I’dratherhavegonethereyesterday.我宁愿昨天去那。You’dbetterhavegonetherewithus.你最好当时和我们一起去那。40.TheOlympicGames,_______in77613.C.,didnotincludewomenplayersuntil1912.A.firstplayingB.tobefirstplayedC.firstplayedD.tobefirstplaying答：C．firstplayed为非限制性定语，相当于whichwasfirstplayed.41.Thepurposeofnewtechnologiesistomakelifeeasier,______itmoredifficult.A.notmakeB.nottomakeC.notmakingD.donotmake答：B。相当于Thepurpose...isnottomake...,不定式做表语。42.WhenIgotbackhomeIsawamessagepinnedtothedoor___________“Sorrytomissyou;willcalllater.”A.readB.readsC.toreadD.reading答：D。reading意为“上面写着”，也可用saying。43.________histelephonenumber,shehadsomedifficultygettingintouchwithBill.A.NotknowingB.KnowingnotC.NothavingknownD.Havingnotknown答：A。分词傲状语表示原因。44.Heusedto______histeachingwhenhewasyoung.A.devotetoB.bedevotedtoC.devotingtoD.beingdevotedto答：B。usedtodo过去经常；beusedtodoing习惯；bedevotedto忠诚于，投身到，献身于。45.Hehasalwaysinsistedonhis_______DrTurnerinsteadofMrTurner.A.beencalledB.calledC.havingcalledD.beingcalled答：D．“insiston+动名词”做宾语。46.Hedidn’tkeeponaskingmethetimeanylongerashehadhadhiswatch_________.A.torepairB.repairedC.repairingD.repair 答：B。havesth.done让别人做某事47.Assoonassheenteredtheroom,thegirlcaughtsightoftheflowers______byhermother.A.buyingB.beingboughtC.wereboughtD.bought答：D．bought为过去分词做定语。48.Doyoumind_______aloneathome?A.JaneleavingB.JanehavingleftC.Jane’sbeingleftD.Janetobeleft答：C．girld后接动名词．49.Seeingthesun_______abovethesurfaceofthesea,weletoutashoutofjoy.A.toriseB.toraiseC.risingD.raising答：C。riservi.升起，raisevt.举起。.50.IfyougotoXl’an,youwillfindthepalacestheremoremagnificentthancom-monly________.A.supposingB.supposedC.tosupposeD.suppose答：B．...thancommonlysupposed相当于...thanitwassupposed.51.Shelooksforwardeveryspringto_______theflower-linedgarden.A.visitB.payingavisitC.walkinD.walkingin答：D．payavisitto...52.Onceyourbusinessbecomesinternational,________constantlywillbepartofyourlife.A.youflyB.yourflightC.flightD.flying答：D．flying为动名词做主语。53.Thelittletimewehavetogetherwetry______wisely.A.spendingitB.tospenditC.tospendD.spendingthat答：C．此句相当于wetrytospendthelittletimewehavetogetherwisely.54.Whileshopping,peoplesometimescan’thelp_______intobuyingsomethingtheydon’treallyneed.A.topersuadeB.persuadingC.beingpersuadedD.bepersuaded答：C．can’thelpdoing为固定用法。55.WhenIhandedthereporttoJohn,hesaidthatGeorgewastheperson_______.A.tosendB.forsendingitC.tosendittoD.forsendingitto答：C．不定式傲定语。“指report，意为“乔治就是我应把报告交给的人。”56.Shecan’thelp_________thehousebecauseshe’sbusymakingacake.A.tocleanB.cleaningC.cleanedD.beingdeaned答：A。此处can’thelp不能理解为“不禁做某事”，从语境判断应理解为“不能帮助做某事”。57.Nobodynoticedthethiefslipintothehousebecausethelightshappenedto______.A.beputupB.giveinC.beturnedonD.goout 答：D。goout熄灭，happenedto碰巧。58.Europeanfootballisplayedin80countries,___________itthemostpopularsportintheworld.A.makingB.makesC.madeD.tomake答：A。现在分词做结果状语指一般情况，必然的结果．而不定式傲结果状语通常表示出乎意料的结果，试比较：Moreandmorepeoplemovedintocities,makingthemverycrowded.越来越多的人搬到城市里来，(结果)使城市变得非常拥挤。Shewenttothestation,onlytofindthetraingone.她到车站时，(结果)发现火车已开走了。Thefishintherivercaneatapersonwithintwominutes,leavingonlythebones.河里的这种鱼可在两分钟之内将一个人吃掉，(结果)只剩下骨头。Iwenttoseeher,onlytofindherout.我去看她，(结果)发现她已出去了。59.Whileworkinginthegarden,___________A.hisheadwashitbyastoneB.astonehithimonhisheadC.astonehithimontheheadD.hewashitbyastoneonthehead答：D．分词做状语时，分词的逻辑主语应和句子的主语一致。60._________,hermotherscoldedher.A.ShecomingbackhometoolateB.HercominghackhometoolateC.ShecamebackhometoolateD.Comingbackhometoolate答：A。首先应明确现在分词和动名词的区别：分词用法相当于形容词或副词，在句中傲定语、状语和补语．而动名词用法相当于名词，做主语、宾语和表语。题中A项为带逻辑主语的分词结构(即独立主格结构)擞状语．B项是带逻辑主语的动名词结构．不能做状语，故椿除B项。D项中分词的逻辑主语与句子的主语不一致，故排除D项。61.Cleaningwomeninbigcitiesusuallyget_____bythehour.A.payB.payingC.paidD.topay答：C．get+pp.是一种被动式。62.Acomputerdoesonlywhatthinkingpeople____.A.haveitdoB.haveitdoneC.havedoneitD.havingitdone答：A．what引导宾语从句，故排除D项．如选B项“计算机只做人们使它被傲”，不符逻辑．故选haveitdo。该句意为“计算机只做人们让它傲的事．”have为使役动词，后接省去to的不定式做宾补。63.______someofthisjuiceandperhapsyou’lllikeit.A.TryingB.TryC.TotryD.Havingtried答：B。此句为祈使句．64.I’veworkedwithchildrenhefore,so]knowwhat________inmynewjob.A.expectedB.toexpectC.tobeexpectingD.expect 答：B。此题考查同一个动词谓语与非谓语，主动与被动之间的区别，A和D项明显不对，C项若改为tobeexpected也对。65.Themanagersdiscussedtheplanthattheywouldliketosee_______thenextyear.A.carryoutB.carryingoutC.carriedoutD.tocarryout答：C．此题考查在定语从句中过去分词傲宾补的用法。that指plan做see的宾语。earnedout为宾补。66.They’renotverygood,butwelike______.A.anywaytoplaybasketballwiththemB.toplaybasketballwiththemanywayC.toplaywiththembasketballanywayD.withthemtoplaybasketballanyway答：B。不定式傲宾语．liketodosth.喜欢做……。playbasketball不能分开用，故将C项排除。67.Hesentmeane-mail,___、_______togetfurtherinformation.A.hopedB.hopingC.tohopeD.hope答：B．hoping为现在分词傲伴随状语。从前边的逗号可排除C项。68._______in1636,HarvardisoneofthemostfamousuniversitiesintheUnitedStates.A.BeingfoundedB.ItwasfoundedC.FoundedD.Founding答：C．分词做状浯，分词的逻辑主语应和句子的主语一致．Harvard是在1636年创建的，应是被动的，应用过去分词．A项表示正在进行的被动的动作．69.________lateinthemorning,Bobturnedoffthealarm,A.TosleepB.SleepingC.SleepD.Havingslept答：A。不定式做目的状语，该句意为Bobturnedoffthealarmtosleeplateinthemorning,sleeplate睡懒觉。70.Onelearnsalanguagebymakingmistakesand______them.A.correctB.correctingC.correctsD.tocorrect答：D．eorrecting与making并列71AswejoinedthebigcrowdIgot______frommyfriends.A.separatedB.sparedC.lostD.missed答：A。get+pp．是一种被动式，从from一词可排除C项．72.________suchheavypollutionalready,itmaynowbetoolatetocleanuptheriver.A.HavingsufferedB.SufferingC.TosufferD.Suffered答：A。题中already是重要的信息，由此判断应使用完成式。73.Pricesofdailygoods_______throughacomputercanbelowerthanstoreprices.A.areboughtB.boughtC.beenboughtD.buying答：B。从题干的句子结构可知canbe为谓语，故判断出是过去分词做定语。74.—Whyareyoulookingsosad,Tom?—Thefootballgame_____fortomorrowwillnotbeheld.A.plannedB.planning C.toplanD.tobeplanned答：A。“已计划好的要在明天举行的球赛不能如期举行了”。从句童可判断出是过去分词做定语。D项表示将来。75.Itwasrainingheavily.LittleMaryfeltcold,soshestood________tohermother.A.closeB.closelyC.closedD.closing答：A。close为副词，与to构成固定搭配。76.—Howdoyoudealwiththedisagreementbetweenthecompanyandthecustomers?—Thekey___________theproblemistomeetthedemand___________bythecustomers.A.tosolving,makingB.tosolving,madeC.tosolve,makingD.tosolve,made答：B．keyto...，to。为介词，后接动名词做宾语，“顾客提出的要求”应用被动式。77.ItissaidinAustraliathereismorelandthanthegovernmentknows_________.A.itwhattodowithB.whattodoitwithC.whattodowithitD.todowhatwithit答：C。不定式短语，意为“怎样利用土地”。78.Havingatripabroadiscertainlygoodfortheoldcouple,butitremains______whethertheywillenjoyit.A.toseeB.tobeseenC.seeingD.seen答：B。老夫妻俩是否喜欢去国外旅游还有待于去弄清楚。再如：Muchremainstobediscovered,还有很多东西有待于人们去发现。79.—Whathappenedtothepricelessworksofart?—_____.A.TheyweredestroyedintheearthquakeB.TheearthquakewasdestroyingthemC.TheydestroyedintheearthquakeD.Theearthquakedestroyedthem答：A。主要问及艺术晶的情况，回答时应予以说明．A项中they指worksofart。80.Though_______money,hisparentsmanagedtosendhimtouniversity.A.lackedB.lackingofC.lackingD.lackedin答：C。1ack为及物动词。连词接分词相当于状语从句。81.______tosunlightfortoomuchtimewilldoharmtoone’sskin.A.ExposedB.HavingexposedC.BeingexposedD.Afterbeingexposed答：C。beexposedto暴露在，动名词做主语。82.Inordertogainabiggershareintheinternationalmarket,manystate-runcom-paniesarestriving_______theirproductsmorecompetitive.A.tomakeB.makingC.tohavemadeD.havingmade答：A．不定式做目的状语。83.Ifeelitisyourhusbandwho__________forthespoiledchild.A.istoblameB.isgoingtoblame C.istobeblamedD.shouldblame答：A．betoblame某人应受到责备，常用不定式的主动表被动。