高考英语语法复习三：名词性从句 9页

高考英语语法复习三：名词性从句名词性从句相当于名词，可分别作主句的主语、表语、宾语和同位语。因此，名词性从句可分为主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位从句。　　（一）引导名词性从句的连接词　　1、连接代词：who,whose,whom,what,which。有词义，在从句中担任成分，如主语、表语、宾语、或定语等。　　2、连接副词：when,where,why,how。有词义，在从句中担任成分，作状语。　　3、连接词：that,whether,if,asif。that无词义，在从句中不担任成分，有时可省略；if(whether),asif虽有词义，但在从句中不担任成分。　　注意：连接代词与连接副词在句中不再是疑问句，因而从句中谓语不用疑问式。连接代词与连接副词在从句充当句子成分，连接词whether和if（是否），asif（好象）在从句中不充当句子成分，只起连接作用。根据句义，如果连接代词与连接副词，whether、if和asif都用不上时，才用that作连接词（that本身无任何含义）。　　（二）主语从句　　1、主语从句在复合句作主语。　　e.g.Whowillgoisnotimportant.　　2、用it作形式主语，主语从句放在句末。　　e.g.Itdoesn"tmattersomuchwhetheryouwillcomeornot.　　3、that引导主语从句时，不能省略。　　e.g.Thathesuddenlyfellilllastweekmadeussurprised.　　（三）表语从句　　1、表语从句在复合句中作表语，位于系动词之后。　　e.g.Thequestionwaswhocouldgothere.　　2、引导表语从句的连接词that有时可省去。　　e.g.Myideais(that)wecangetmorecomradestohelpinthework.　　（四）宾语从句　　1、宾语从句在复合句中作宾语。引导宾语从句的连词that一般可省略。　　e.g.Ihope(that)everythingisallright. 　　2、介词之后的宾语从句，不可用which或if连接，要分别用what或whether。　　e.g.I"minterestedinwhetheryou"vefinishedthework..　　I"minterestedinwhatyou"vesaid.　　3、whether与if都可以引导宾语从句，常可互换。但下面情况不能互换。　　①宾语从句是否定句时，只用if，不用whether。　　e.g.Iwonderifitdoesn"train.　　②用if会引起误解，就要用whether。　　e.g.Pleaseletmeknowwhetheryouwanttogo.（此句如果把whether改成if，容易当成条件句理解）　　③宾语从句中的whether与ornot直接连用，就不能换成if；不直接连用，可换。　　e.g.Idon"tknowwhetherornotthereportistrue.　　Idon"tknowwhether/ifthereportistrueornot.　　④介词后的宾语从句要用whether引导。whether可与不定式连用。whether也可引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句，还可引导让步状语从句，以上均不能换成if。但引导条件从句时，只能用if，而不能用whether。　　e.g.Itdependsonwhetherwehaveenoughtime.　　Theydon"tknowwhethertogothere.　　Pleasecometoseemeifyouhavetime.（五）同位语从句　　同位语从句在句中作某一名词的同位语，一般位于该名词（如：news,fact,idea,suggestion,promise等）之后，说明该名词的具体内容。　　e.g.Ihavenoideawhenhewillbeback.　　Thefactthathehadnotsaidanythingsurprisedeverybody.　　练习：名词性从句　　一、判断下列各句哪句含有名词性从句，并指出是什么从句：　　1.Chinaisnolongerwhatitusedtobe.　　2.Thetruththattheearthturnaroundthesunisknowntoall.　　3.Itwassnowingwhenhearrivedatthestation.　　4.Howhepersuadedthemanagertochangetheplanisinterestingtousall. 　　5.Thenewsthattheyhadwonthegamesoonspreadoverthewholeschool.　　6.Thenewsthatyoutoldmeyesterdaywasreallydisappointing.　　7.ThatiswhereLuXunusedtolive.　　8.Hespokeasifheunderstoodwhathewastalkingabout.　　9.DoyouremembertheteacherwhotaughtusEnglishatmiddleschool?　　10.Iwonderwhysherefusedmyinvitation.　　二、用适当的连词填空：　　1.Ican"tdecide____________dictionaryIshouldbuy.　　2.That"s____________herefusedmyinvitation.　　3.Iamveryinterestedin____________hehasimprovedhispronunciationinsuchashorttime.　　4.____________weneedismoretime.　　5.Thefact____________shehadnotsaidanythingatthemeetingsurprisedeverybody.　　6.____________and____________theywillmeethasnotbeendecidedyet.　　7.Pleasetellme____________youarewaitingfor.　　8.Isthat____________youarelookingfor?　　9.Wouldyoupleasetellme____________thenearestpostofficeis?　　10.Idon"tknow____________hewillagreetotheplanornot.　　三、选择填空：　　1.Doyousee_____Imean?　　A.thatB./C.howD.what　　2.Tellme_____isonyourmind.　　A.thatB.whatC.whichD.why　　3.Wemuststickto_____wehaveagreedon.　　A.whatB.thatC./D.how　　4.Letmesee_____.　　A.thatcanIrepairtheradioB.whether-Icanrepairtheradio　　C.IcanrepairtheradioD.whethercanIrepairtheradio　　5.Keepinmind_____.　　A.thattheteachersaidB.whatdidtheteachersay 　　C.thatdidtheteachersayD.whattheteachersaid　　6.Couldyouadviseme_____?　　A.whichbookshouldIreadfirstB.whatbookshouldIreadfirst　　C.thatbook1shouldreadfirstD.whichbookIshouldreadfirst　　7.Hewascriticizedfor_____.　　A.hehaddoneitB.whathehaddoneC.whathadhedoneD.thathehaddoneit　　8.Wouldyoukindlytellme_____?　　A.howcanIgettotheBeijingRailwayStation　　B.howIcangettotheBeijingRailwayStation　　C.wherecanIgettotheBeijingRailwayStation　　D.whethercanIgettotheBeijingRailwayStation　　9.Mrs.Smithwasverymuchimpressedby_____.　　A.whathadsheseeninChinaB.thatshehadseeninChina　　C.whatshehadseeninChinaD.whichhadsheseeninChina　　10.Wetookitforgranted___　　A.thattheywerenotcomingB.thatweretheynotcoming　　C.theywerecomingnotD.weretheynotcoining11.Ireallydon"tknow_____　　A.IshoulddonextB.whatshouldIdonext　　C.whatIshoulddonextD.howIshoulddonext　　12.I"mafraid_____.　　A.thelittlegirlwillhavetobeoperatedon　　B.thatwillthelittlegirlhavetooperateon　　C.thelittlegirlwillhavetooperateon　　D.thatwillthelittlegirlhavetobeoperatedon　　13.Shewalkedupto_____.　　A.wheredidIstandB.whereIstood　　C.IstoodthereD.whereIstoodthere　　14.Canyoutellme_____?　　A.whoisthatgentlemanB.thatgentlemaniswho 　　C.whothatgentlemanisD.whom.isthatgentleman　　15.We"llgiveyou_____.　　A.thatdoyouneedB.whatdoyouneed　　C.whateveryouneedD.whetherdoyouneed　　16.Theywantustoknow_____tohelpus.　　A.whatcantheyB.whattheycanC.howtheycanD.howcanthey　　17.Wemustput_____intopractice.　　A.whatwehavelearnedB.thatwehavelearned　　C.thathavewelearnedD.whathavewelearned　　18.Didshesayanythingabout_____?　　A.thattheworkwastobedoneB.howwastheworktobedone　　C.thatwastheworktobedoneD.howtheworkwastobedone　　19.Hewasneversatisfiedwith_____.　　A.whatshehadachievedB.hadwhatsheachieved　　C.shehadachievedD.thatsheachieved　　Thesephotographswillshowyou_____.　　A.whatdoesourvillagelooklikeB.whatourvillagelookslike　　C.howdoesourvillagelooklikeD.howourvillagelookslike　　21.Peterinsisted_____hepaythebill.　　A.onthatB.whatC.thatD.onwhich　　22.Theyurged_____thelibraryopenduringthevacation.　　A.whenB.whereC.whyD.that　　23.Wewishwecouldhavelearned_____whenwewereathighschool.　　A.whatyoudidB.thatyouhaddone　　C.thatwhatyoudidD.whatdidyoudo　　24.1willdescribetoyou_____Isawwhenthere.　　A.whatB.thatC.whichD./　　25.From_____Ishouldsayheisagoodworker.　　A.what1knowofhimB.thatIdoknowofhim　　C.whatdoIknowofhimD.thatdoIknowofhim 　　26.Iwillgivethisdictionaryto__wantstohaveit.　　A.whomeverB.anyoneC.whoeverD.someone　　27._____theywillcomeherehasn"tbeendecidedyet.　　A.WhatB.ThatC.WhenD.Where　　28._____wassaidheremustbekeptsecret.　　A.WhoB.ThethingC.WhateverD.Where　　29.Itisstillaquestion_____weshallhaveoursportsmeet.　　A.ifB.thatC.whatD.when　　30.I"mgoinganyway._____shewillgoisuptohertodecide.　　A.IfornotB.WhetherornotC.IfD.That　　31.Itisstrange_____shehaveleftwithoutsayingaword.　　A.thatB.whatC.whyD.how　　32.Itisveryclear_____ourpolicyisacorrectone.　　A.whatB.thatC.whyD.where　　33._____Mr.Zhangsaidisquiteright.　　A.ThatB.WhenC.WhatD.Whether　　34.Ithasbeendecided_____hewillbesentthere.　　A.ifB.whetherC.whyD.that　　35.Itdoesn"tmatter_____he"scomebackornot.　　A.ifB.whetherC.thatD.when　　36.It"sagreatpity_____wewon"tbeabletofinishthetaskontime.　　A.whenB.thatC.whyD.where37.Ithappened_____Iwasn"ttherethatday.　　A.whenB.whyC.whereD.that　　38._____youhavedonemightdoharmtootherpeople.　　A.WhatB.ThatC.WhichD.Thethings　　39._____leavestheroomlastoughttoturnoftthelights.　　A.AnyoneB.ThepersonC.WhoeverD.Who　　40._____theOlympicGameswon"tbeheldinBeijingisknowntoall.　　A.WhetherB.IfC.WheneverD.That 　　41._____failstoseethiswillmakeabigmistake.　　A.ThatB.WhoeverC.WhetherD.Whetherornot　　42.__weneedmoreequipmentisquiteobvious.　　A.WhatB.WhetherC.ThatD.Whatever　　43.Hasitbeenannounced_____?　　A.whenaretheplanestotakeoffB.thataretheplanestotakeoff　　C.wherearetheplanestotakeoffD.whentheplanesaretotakeoff　　44.Thatis_____weallsupporthisidea.　　A.whatB.whyC.whereD.when　　45.That"s_____weshoulddo.　　A.thatB.whatC.howD.why　　46._____istroublingmeis_____Idon"tunderstand_____hesaid　　A.What;that;whatB.What;what;what　　C.That;that;whatD.Why;that;which　　47.Thingswerenot_____theyseemedtobe.　　A.whenB.whyC.thatD.what　　48.That"s_____Iwanttosay.　　A.allwhatB.whatC.allwhichD.whatthat　　49.That"s_____.　　A.whereourdifferenceslieB.ourdifferencesliethere　　C.wheredoourdifferenceslieD.thatwhereourdifferenceslie　　50.Thatis_____.　　A.wherelivedhethereB.wheredidhelive　　C.wherehelivedD.thatwherehelived　　51.Thequestionsis_____.　　A.whetherisitworthdoingB.thatifitisworthdoing　　C.whetheritisworthdoingD.ifitisworthdoing　　52.Waterwillcontinuetobe_____itistodaynextinimportancetooxygen.　　A.howB.whichC.whatD.as　　53.That"s_____. 　　A.howdidIbecomeateacherB.howIbecameateacher　　C.howateacherIbecameD.thatIbecameateacher　　54.Theyarejust_____.　　A.thatwhatshallIhaveB.whatshallIhave　　C.thatIshallhavewhatD.whatIshallhave　　55.Itlooked____.　　A.asifitwasgoingtorainB.thatasifitwasgoingtorain　　C.asifwasitgoingtorainD.asifthatitwasgoingtorain　　56.That"s_____.　　A.howshediditB.thathowdidshedoit.　　C.howdidshedoitD.whatshedidit　　57.Thatis_____wedecidedtoputthediscussionoff.　　A.whereB.whichC.thatD.why　　58.That"s_____IlivedwhenIwastenyearsold.　　A.whereB.atwhichC.therewhereD.when　　59.Mysuggestionis_____weshouldsendafewcomradestohelpthem.　　A.ifB.thatC.whenthatD.thatwhere　　60.Theidea_____allpeopleareselfishiswrong.　　A.whatB.thatC.whyD.if　　61.Weheardthenews_____ourteamhadwon.　　A.thatB.whatC.whetherD.why　　62.Thefact_____hehadn"tsaidanythingsurprisedusall.　　A.whyB.ifC.thatD.whether　　63.Ihavenoidea_____shewillbeback.　　A.thatB.whereC.thatwhenD.when　　64.Wemustkeepinmindthefact_____Chinaisstilladevelopingcountry.　　A.whetherB.thatC.whyD.when　　65.Theyhavenoideaatall_____.　　A.wherehehasgoneB.wheredidhego　　C.wherehashegoneD.whichplacehehasgone 答案：　　一、1、表语从句；2、同位语从句；3、不是；4、主语从句；5、同位语从句；6、不是；7、表语从句；8、宾语从句；9、不是；10、宾语从句　　二、1.which;2.why;3.how;4.What;5.that;6.when,where;7.who(m);8.what;9.where;10.whether　　三、1~5DBABD6~10DBBCA11~15CABCC16~ADAB21~25CDAAA　　26~30CCCDB31~35ABCDB36~40BDACD41~45BCDBB46~50ADBAC　　51~55CCBDA56~60ADABB61~65ACDBA