英语语法——动名词 5页

动名词★动名词★〈第09卷〉动名词的用法一．动名词的用法◆当主词1.Rememberingotherpeople’snamesisdifficultforme.=Itisdifficultformetorememberothers’names.◆当补语1.Thebestexerciseinwinterisskiing2.OneAmericantraditioniseatingturkeyonThanksgivingday▲重点不定词当补语=表:目的,计划,意愿,未完成的事动名词当补语=表:经验,已知的事Hishobbyisfishinginthelake.√Hishobbyistofishinthelake.◆当及物动词的受词1.Youhavetogiveuptraveling.2.Myfatherenjoysplayinggolfverymuch.3.Theoldmankeptstandingallthewhile.◆当介词的受词1.Hisgotscoldedforbeinglateforschool.2.Helefttheroomwithoutsayingaword.▲重点to作介词+Ving1.Iliketolistentomusic.2.I’mlookingforwardtoseeingyouagain.3.I’musedtogettingupearly.Iusedtogetuplate.4.HedevotedhiswholelifetocuringthesickinAfrica.5.他爱说谎Heisgiventolying.6.Heprefersskiingto(prep.)skating.Hepreferstoski(toV)ratherthanskate.◆to+VR/to+Ving1.Heisaccustomedtolive/livingalone.2.Icame(went)near(差一点)torun/runningoveracat.我差一点碾到一只猫3.Hetooktodrink/drinkingafterthedeathofhisson.〈第10卷〉用不定词／动名词当受词二、用不定词/动名词当受词To+VR/to+Ving区别A）to+VR当受词5 动名词1.Thepoliceconsentedtodetectthecrimewithoutdelay.警察同意立刻调查该项罪行.2.HeprofessedtoknowalotaboutChina.B）Ving1.Haveyoufinishedwritingananswertohisletter?你写好了给他的回信了吗?Iwillanswerthedoor.我去开门.2.Fortunately,heescapedgettinghurt.免于受伤.A）toVR=toVing意思一样1.Theyceasedsinging/tosing.StoptoVR和toVing不同2.Iintendmajoring/tomajorineconomicsincollege.mayor["mεə]n.市长5 动名词B）toVR不同于toVing1.Theboytiredtomovietheheavysofa.>trytoVR设法去做(不定做没做)Theboytriedmovingtheheavysofa.>tryVing尝试(已经在做了)2.Remembertolockthedoor.>祈使句一般都是要去做的Irememberlockingthedoorlastnight3.I’llneverforgethearinghersong.Iforgettohearhersong.4.Hestoppedhavingbreakfast.>break打破fast斋戒>前一天晚上斋戒未吃,今天第一餐Hestoppedtohaveacupofcoffee.5.Iregretnottakingcareofmyself.>regretVing后悔(做了某事)IregrettosaythatIcan’thelpyou.>regrettoVR抱歉遗憾(没有做某事)takegoodcareof〈第11卷〉动词意义上的主词三、动词意义上的主词1.PhilipdislikesAmy"s/Amywearingmini-skirts.likev.喜欢,dislikeprep.像looklike,unlikeAmywearminiskirts>PhilipdislikesAmywearingmini-skirts.Wearingminiskirts>PhilipdislikesAmy"swearingmini-skirts.2.Ican’tbear/standhim/hisshoutingwhenheisangry.3.Iamconfidentofourteam’s/ourteamwinningthetournament.4.Sheisproudofherson/herson’sbeingclever.pride是名词和动词:n.自豪常用的结构：takeprideinsth.为某事骄傲例句：Theytakegreatprideinherdaughterwhoisnowafamousscientist.他们为他那科学家的女儿而感到自豪v.使自夸常用结构：prideoneselfon例句：Wepridedourselvesonourgoodwork.我们为自己工作的表现而自豪。而proud是形容词常用结构：beproudofsth.例句：IamveryproudofbeingaChinese.作为一名中国人我很自豪。〈第12卷〉动名词的否定形，被动态，完成形四、动名词的否定形，被动态，完成形◆否定形not(never)+Ving1.Iamashamedofnotknowingtheanswer.Shameonyou!＝Forshame!2.John‘snotknowingoftheirmarriagemadethingmorecomplicated.◆被动态being+p.p1.Idon’tlikebeingmadefunof.2.Theregulationsavestheareafrombeingdamaged.◆完成形having+p.p5 动名词1.Sheisn’tawareofhavingdonewrong只有VR才能加ing而若用过去式则不能加ing故用完成时代替过去式Sheisn’tawarethatshedidwrong.Sheisproudofbeingateacher.Sheisproudthatsheisateacher.2.Heregretsnothavingstudiedharderinschool.〈第13卷〉含动名词的惯用表现五、含动名词的惯用表现1.ThereisnoVing……是无法做到的Thereisnotellingwhatwillhappennext.我们无法预知未来TellAfromB分辨A和BThereisnoaccountingfortastes.人的好恶是无法解释的=Itisimpossibletoaccountfortastes.=Wecannotaccountfortastes.2.Itisnouse/goodVing…是没有用的Itisnousecryingoverspilled/spiltmilk.覆水难收Itisnouse/goodtryingtopersuadehim.=Itisofnousetryingtopersuadehim.=Thereisnouseintryingtopersuadehim.=Itisnouseforyoutotrytopersuade.=Itisuselessforyoutotrytopersuade.3.feellikeVing想要like(prep.)feellikeN感觉/摸起来像什么/想要Ifeellikeadrink=Ifeellikedrinking/havingadrink=Iwantahaveadrink.=Iwouldliketohaveadrink.4.CannothelpVingIcouldn’thelplaughingwhenIsawhishaircut.=Icouldn’tbutlaughwhenIsawhishaircut.WhenIheardthenews,Icouldn’tbutcry.WhenIheardthenews,Icouldn’thelpcrying.WhenIheardthenews,Icouldn’thelpbutcry.5.BeworthVingWhateverisworthdoingisworthdoingwell.=Nomatterwhatisworthdoingisworthdoingwell只要有一点值得做的事情就值得好好做Thisbookisworthreading.=Itisworth(your)whilereading/toreadthebook.Itwouldbeworthhiswhilehelping/tohelptheforeigner.6.Onving一…就…Oncominghome,heswitchedontheTV.5 动名词Assoonashecamehome,heswitchedontheTV.1.InVing当…时=when/whileIslippedingettingoffthetrain.=Islippedwhen/whileIwasgettingoffthetrain.Getonthebus.Getoffthebus.Getinthecar.Getoutofthecar.弯腰进,门低的2.Itgoeswithoutsayingthat…不用说…Itgoeswithoutsayingthatourplansdependontheweather.=Needlesstosay,ourplansdependontheweather.3.WhatdoyousayVing……如何?Whatdoyousaytotakingawalkbythesea?Howabouttakingawalkbythesea?Whatabouttakingawalkbythesea?10.Need,want,deserve,stand等+Ving>被动Thiswatchneedsrepairing.Thechildwantsscolding.这孩子需要被骂.Hedeserveshelping.他值得别人帮忙Youdeserveit.名至实归/罪有应得Thisclothdoesnotstand/bearwashing.这块布禁不起洗.5