初中英语语法专项习题5.代词 12页

12初中英语语法专项习题-代词代词（pron.）代替名词,兼有名词和形容词的作用（一）代词的类别相互代词eachother,oneanother指示代词this,that,these,those不定代词（不指明特定的人或事物的代词）each,every,both,all,either,neither,none,no,one,（a）few,（a）little,some,any,many,much,other,another复合不定代词everybody,somebody,anybody,nobody,everyone,someone,anyone,noone,every-thing,something,anything,nothing疑问代词what,who,whom,which,whose直接代词疑问代词都可作连接代词，引导宾语从句。表语从句等。关系代词who,whom,whose,that,which用引导定语从句。（二）代词的用法1.人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、相互代词和指示代词的用法（1）人称代词有主格和宾格之分，主格用来作主语，宾格用来作动词或介词的宾语等。eg.Shegavemearedapple.她给了我一个红苹果：（She作主语,me作动词宾语）Kath　isnearhim.凯西靠近他。（介词near的宾语）2.物主代词有形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词之分。①形容词性物主代词位于名词前：theirschool,hisbackpack②名词性物主代词相当干一个名词,在句中可作主语、宾语等，后面不能再接名词。egItisn’t　my　pen.→Mine（=my　pen）　is　missing.（作主语）I　left　my　pen　at　home.You　can　use　hers（=her　pen）,（作宾语）③“of+名词性物主代词”属双重所有格的一种形式。eg.acatofhers她的一条狗,afriendofyours你的一个朋友（3）反身代词①反身代词在句中可作同位语，起强调作用，也可作动词或介词的宾语。eg.Afewdayslater,ImyselfhadtogotoParis.（作同位语）Sheboughtherselfanewbag.（作动词宾语）He’snotworriedabouthimself.（作介词宾语）②带有反身代词的常用短语。12teachoneself自学helponeselfto随便吃些…吧saytooneself自言自语。learn……byoneself自学…enjoyoneself过得愉快leaveonebyoneself把某人单独留下hurtoneself伤了自己dressoneself自己穿衣服cometooneself苏醒过来12（4）相互代词①表示相互关系，可用作动词或介词的宾语，用法区别不大。eg.Foryears,thetwosisterslookedafteroneanother（eachother）。多年来姐妹俩互相照顾。Weshouldlearnfromeachother.我们应当互相学习。 12②可以用格表示所有关系：eachother’s,oneanother’s互相的，彼此的eg.Theyarelookingateachother’spictures.他们相互看对方的照片。（5）指示代词①指示代词有单复数之分，既可指物，也可用于介绍人。eg.Thisisanappletree,andthatisanorangetree.这是一棵苹果树，那是一棵桔子树。Thesearemyfriends,andthatismysister.这些是我朋友，那个是我姐姐。②指示代词可用来指上文中提到的事情：eg.Stevehadabadcold.This／Thatwaswhyhedidn’tcometoschoolyesterday.2.不定代词的用法（1）each,every,both,all,either,neither,no,none的用法①each“每个／各个”（强调个体），用于两者或两者以上。eg.Twogirlscameandlgaveanappletoeach.来了俩姑娘，我给她们每人一个苹果。Eachofthemhasanicering.她们每人有一枚漂亮的戒指。②every“每个／各个”（强调全体），用于两者以上。every常作形容词用。eg.Everydayisimportanttous.每天对我们都很重要。Hehasreadeverybook（allthebooks）Onthesubject.他阅读了所有有关这个主题的书。③both表示两者“都”（强调全体）。eg.Herparentsarebothdoctors.她父母都是医生。Bothofthemaredoctors.他俩都是医生。Theybothlikepotatoes.他俩喜欢吃土豆。④all“全体／大家／一切”用于三者以上，也可接不可数名词。eg.That’sallfortoday.今天到此为止。AllofusarefromChina.我们都来自中国。Allthefoodisdelicious.所有的食物都很好吃。⑤either“两者之一”，用于两者（强调个体）。eg.Thetwocoatsarecheap,soyoucanchooseeitherofthem.那两件外套不贵，你可以随便挑一件。⑥neither“两个都不”，用于否定两者。eg.NeitherOfthebooksis／aresointeresting.那两本书没一本好看的。⑦no（=notany／nota）“没有”可接可数名词单复数，也可接不可数名词。eg.IhavenobrothersOrsisters.我没有兄弟姐妹。Aclockhasnomouth,butitcantalk.钟表没有嘴，但能说话。Thereisnofirewithoutsomesmoke.有火就有烟。⑧none“没有一个人／物”用于否定三者或三者以上的可数名词eg.NoneOfthemhas／havebeentoJapan.他们都没去过日本。Ilikenoneofthebooks.这些书我全都不喜欢。⑨neither和none表示完全否定；all,both,each和every（含every的复合词）等与not连用时表示部分否定。eg.Idon’tknowallofyou.我不完全认识你们。 12NoteveryoneOfusknowhowtogothere.不是我们每个人都知道怎样去那儿。（2）one,ones和noone的用法one用来代替前面刚提到的一个东西或一个人,以免重复；复数ones用来代替前面提到的一些物或一些人；noone表示否定。eg.——Wouldyoupleasepassmethesciencebook？给我递过那本科学方面的书好吗？一Whichone？哪一本？一Theoneonmyshelf.我书架上的那本。Noonehastraveledfartherthantothemoon.没有人旅行远过月球。（3）（a）few,（a）little；many,much；some,any的用法①many（+复数名词）,much（+不可数名词）表示“许多/很多”。eg.ManyOfthestudentscomefromEngland.那些学生许多是从英国来的。Thanks,it’stoomuchforme.谢谢,我承受不起。②few（+复数名词）,little（+不可数名词）表示“没多／很少”（表否定）。eg,Therewerefewpeopleinthestreetlastnight.昨晚街上没什么人。Iamveryworriedthatlhavelittletimetofinishthejob.我担心，我几乎没有时间完成这份工作了。③afew（+复数名词）,alittle（+不可数名词）表示“有一些／有几个”（表肯定）。eg.Icallseeafewcakesandalittlebreadinthefridge.我看到冰箱里有几块蛋糕和一些面包。注意：quiteafew表示“相当多”eg.Therearequiteafewstudentsoverthere.那儿有相当多的学生。④some（+复数名词／不可数名词）,any（+复数名词／不可数名词）表示“有一些／有几个”（表肯定）。eg.Therearesomebirdsinthetree.树上有些鸟。Thereissomewaterinthebottle.瓶里有些水。Idon’thaveanybrothersOfsisters.我没有Isthereanyteainthecup？杯子里有茶吗？⑤some一般用于肯定句，但在表示请求、建议。反问等的疑问句中，多用some.eg：Wouldyoulikesomebeer？你要不要来点啤酒吗？Whydidn’tyoubuysomesweets？（Youshouldhavebought……）你怎么没买点糖果？⑥any一般用于疑问句和否定句及条件从句eg.Thereisn’tanywaterleft.没有剩下一点水。Ifyouhaveanyquestions,putupyourhands.please.如果有问题，请举手。⑦some+单数名词表示“某一个”,any+单数名词表示“随便哪一个”或“任何一个”。eg.I’llcatchupwithyousomeday有一天我会赶上你的。Come　anydayyoulike.你哪天来都行。Tomistallerthananyotherstudentinhisclass.汤姆比他班上其他任何一个学生都高。④one,other,others,theothers,another等的用法1.○●one……theother表示两个人或两件东西中的“一个…另一个”eg.MrSmithhastwodaughters.0neisateacher,theotherisanurse. 122....one……another表示不定数目中的“一个”与“另—个”。eg.Idon’twantthisOne,pleasegivemeanother.3..one……theothers强调在一定范围中的“一个”与“其余的”。eg.InOurschoolOneOftheteachersisAmerican,theOthersareChinese.4.○○○　●●●●some……theothers表示许多人或物,不在一定范围中的“一部分”与“其余的全部”。eg.Somestudentsarereading,theothersaredrawingpictures.⑤others=other+名词；the　others＝the　Other+名词。eg.Somestudentsliketraveling,others（otherstudents）likewatchingTVathome.⑥another表示“再／又”时既可接单数名词，也可接数词+复数名词。eg.Hewillbeabletofinishhisworkinanothertwohours.再过两个小时他就能完成他的工作。（4）复合不定代词的用法①复合不定代词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。eg.Someoneisknockingatthedoor.有人在敲门②修饰复合不定代词的形容词或其它词要放在其后，即定语后置。eg.ThereissomethingimportantOntoday’s　newspaper.今天的报纸有些重要新闻。③复合不定代词变否定句时，要否定主语：eg.Something　is　wrong.（变为否定句）Somethingisn’twrong.（错误）Nothingiswrong.（正确）④Somebody,someone,something一般用于肯定句；anybody,anyone,anything一般用于否定句、疑问句及条件句。eg.Thereissomethingnewinthepark.公园里有些新的景点。Doyouhaveanythinginterestingtotellus？你有什么有趣的事要告诉我们吗？⑤当somebody,someone等用于疑问句时，表示肯定、请求、建议或反问；anybody,anyone等用在肯定句中表示“任何人”。eg.Issomeonecomingthisafternoon？今天下午有客人来吗？Anyonecanmakemistakes.任何人都可能犯错误。3.疑问代词的用法。（1）who／whom谁（指人）。①作主语eg.Whowantstogowithhim？②作宾语eg.Who／Whomareyouwaitingfor？（作介词for的宾语）eg.Who／Whomdoyouwanttomeet？（作动词meet的宾语）③作表语eg.Who／Whomarethey？（2）whose谁的①作定语eg.Whosepenisthis？②作表语eg.Whoseisthispen？ 12（3）which哪一个,哪一些①作定语eg.WhichgirlisKathy？②作表语eg.Whichistheboy’sball？（4）what什么①作主主语eg.What’sonthetable？②作宾语eg.Whatareyoudoing？③作表语eg.Whatishe？④作定语eg.Whatclassareyouin？4.关系代词的用法关系代词用来引起定语从句，它一方面代表定语从句所修饰的那个名词或代词，另——方面又在从句中充当一个成分。eg·Thisisthemanwhogavemethebook.这就是给我书的那个人。Themoneythat／whichisonthetableismine.桌上的钱是我的。Themoneythat／whichmymothergavemeisonthetable.我妈妈给我的钱在桌上。代词--练习题1()1Thoughitrainedheavily,____werestillplayingontheplayground.A.theyB.themC.theirD.themselves()2Tomand____willgotoseeourteacher,for___isill.A.I;she.B.me;sheC.I;herD.me;her()3Is___aboyorgirl?A.sheB.heC.oneD.it()4Only____knowit.A.IandheB.heandyouC.heandID.Iandyou2()1Isaw___playinginthestreetatthattime.A.themB.theyC.theirD.theirs2Jimwillgive____ashorttalktomorrow.A.weB.usC.ourD.ours()3Pleaseask____nottoskateonthethinice.A.theyB.themC.theirD.theirs()4Thepenishers.Passitto____,please.A.herB.sheC.hersD.herself()5Letmegoandgivethecoatto____.A.heB.hisC.himselfD.him()6Theyasked___todothework.A.you,heandIB.you,himandmeC.I,youandheD.me,youandhim3()1Who"sthatatthedoor?____isthepostman. 12A.SheB.ThisC.ItD.He()2-Who"sthatinthepicture?A.It"smeB.That"sIC.ThisisaboyD.It"sI()3-Look,whoiscoming?-___mustbeourEnglishteacher.A.SheB.HeC.ItD.This()4Someoneisknockingatthedoor,butwhocan____be?A.oneB.heC.sheD.it4()1___waslatesummerandtheweatherwasveryhot.A.ThatB.ItC.ThisD.It"s()2Whattimeis____now?AitB.allC.thisD:that()3___aheavyrainlastnight.A.TherehadB.WehadC.ItwasD.Thereis()4___is200kilometresfromheretothenaturalpark.Wehavetogotherebycar.A.ThereB.ItC.ThisD.Theplace5()1Thebirdbuilt___nestinthetree.A.it"sB.her"sC.hersD.its()2Haveyouseen___pen,ablackone?A.theseB.myC.youD.hers3SorryIhaveforgot____telephonenumber.A.yoursB.himC.youD.his6()IThebearwasshotin___head.?A.theB.itsC.aD.this()2Theoldmantookthegirlby____handandtheywentdownthestreet.A.herB.aC.theD.that()3Heapologizedtomeforhittingme___face.A.ontheB.attheC.intheD.inmy127()TOurroomisbig,but____isbiggerthan____.A.their;ourB.their;oursC.theirs;oursD.theirs;our()2Theyaren"tourbooks.Arethey____?A.yourB.hisC.herD.their()3Ourroomisbiggerthan___.A.youB.yourC.yoursD.her()4Youhaveagoodroom,Ishouldsay.Butit"snotasbigas___.A.IB.myC.meD.mine8()1____isthebestseasonoftheyear?A.WhenB.WhatC.WhichD.Whattime()2o-____isyoursister?-Sheisanurse.A.WhatB.WhichC.HowD.Who()3-___colourareyournewshoes?-Theyarebrown.A.AnyB.WhoseC.WhichD.What 12()4-___isyourclassmateJohnlike?-He"sverytall.A.HowB.WhatC.WhoD.Which9)()1____hashappenedand____didit?A.Who;whoB.What;whoC.What;whatD.Who;what()2Whowaitingoutside?Pleaseaskthemtocomein.A.isB.hasC.haveD.are10()1-_____isthatmanoverthere?-He"sMrGreen.A.WhatB.WhichC.HowD.Who()2-___istheboystandingthere?-Heismybrother.A.WhichB.WhatC.HowD.Who()3Who___thelittleAmericanboyoverthere?A.wereB.areC.isD.1am()4Who___thesetallmen?A.isB.amC.areD.was11()1____onedoyoulike,theblueoneortheredone?A.WhatB.WhichC.ThatD.This()2-___isbigger?-Theyellowone.A.whoB.whomC.whichD.It()3___ofyouwouldliketogowithus?A.WhoB.WhichC.AllD.Both12()1-_____bagisthis?-It"sJack"s.A.WhatB.WhichC.WhoseD.Who"s()2-___pencilsarethese?-Theyaretheirs.A.WhichB.WhoseC./D.These()3___houseisbeingrepaired?A.hatB.WhereC.WhoD.Whose13()1Pleasefindout____heislookingafterathome.A.whoB.whichC.whomD.when()2____doyouthinkyoushouldhelp?A.WhoseB.WhichC.WhatD.Whom()3Hetoldme___hewassentfor.A.whomB.thatC.bothD.where14()1We____atthepartylastSunday.A.enjoyedmyselfB.enjoyedourselvesC.enjoymyselfD.enjoyedourself()2"Make____athome."hesaidtohisfriends.A.yourselfB.yourselvesC.youD.yours()3LetTonydoitby____.HeisnolongerakidA.himB.hisC.himselfD.he()4Youaretwelvenow.___mustlookafter___.A.You;yourselfB.Your;yourselfC.You;yourD.You"re;yourself()5Sheandhermotherenjoyed___attheparty.A.herB.themC.herselfD.themselves1215()1Heandsheareexactlyastallas____.A.themselvesB.themC.theirD.eachother()2Peopleusuallyputsmallpresentsin____stockingonChristmasEve.A.eachotherB.eachothersC.eachother"sD.eachothers"()3Thestudentsoftenhelp___.A.onetheotherB.eachtheotherC.oneanotherD.twoanother 1216()1.Thisbluesuitlooksbetterthanthegreen____.A./B.oneC.suitsD.ones()2-Howmanyapplesdidyourmothergiveyou,LucyorLily?A.EachoneB.OneeachC.OneeveryoneD.Onemore()3-Haveyouacomputer?-Yes,Ihaveagood____.A.someB.oneC.itD.that()4Hehasonebluepenandtwored____.A.one"sB.thoseC.oneD.ones()5Isthisstoryasinterestingas__A.theoneB.someonesC.thatoneD.one17()1-I"llshowyouhowtothrowafrisby.Throw____like____A.it;thisB.this;itC.it;itD.this;this()2-Whatcolouristhis?A.it"saredB.ThisisredC.It"sredD.It"saredcolour()3Thereisapenonthetable.Pass____tome,,please.A.thisB.thatC.it.D.which1218()1.Thereareshopson_____sideofthestreet.________ofthemdonotclosetill12atnight.A.both;AllB.every;NoneC.either;SomeD.other;Many()2Theboyrunsfasterthan_______inhisclass.,A.anyoftheboyB.anyboysC.anyotherboyD.alltheboys()3Tomisstrongerthan___inhisclass.A.anystudentsB.otherstudentC.anyotherstudentD.anyotherstudents()4Thereisnot___meatinmybowl.Thereis____chickeninit.A.some;anyB.any;someC.any;anyD.some;some()5-Ihaveforgottenmybread.-Nevermind,youcanhave____.A.someofusB.someofourC.someofoursD.manyofours()6-Isthere___teain"thatgreencup?-Yes,thereis____.A.the;someB.any;anyC.some;anyD.any;some1219()1Couldyoudo___forme,please?A.everythingB.nothingC.somethingD.anything()2Thebottleisempty.Thereis___init.A.anythingB.somethingC.nothingD.everything()3-TurnofftheTV,Betty.____iswatchingit.-Oh,no.Mum.I"mwatchingitnow.A.somebodyB.NobodyC.EverybodyD.Anybody()4-Didyoufind___intheroom?-No,wefound___there.A.anybody;nobodyB.somebody;everybodyC.anybody;somebodyD.everybody;anybody()5Ihavealotofworktodo.1have___timetoplay.A.notB.anyC.noD.some()6Asweknow,heis___fool.A.notB.noaC.notanD.no20()1Iaskedhimforsomeoil,buthehadn"t 12___.A.someB.anyC.anythingD.no()2___ofthefourroadswilltakeyoutothehospital.A.NeitherB.EitherC.BothD.Any()3Wouldyoulendmeofyourmoney?"A.someB.lotC.afewD.any()4Wouldyoulike___morecoffee?A.littleB.anyC.someD.another()5-Haveyouanybooksonradio?-I"dliketoborrow___.A.thoseB.someC.themD.it1221()1Listentome.Ihave____totellyou.A.anythingnewB.somethingnewC.newsomethingD.nothingnew()2Bytheway,isthere____intoday"snewspaper?A.somethingnewoB.anythingnewC.newsomethingD.newanything()3Pleasebequiet.Ihave___totellyou.A.importantsomethingB.nothingimportantC.importantanythingD.somethingimportant()4I"mnotbusy.Ihaven"t____todo.A.somethingB.everythingC.nothingD.anything()5____hashappened,Iwantyoutotellmeaboutit.A.SomethingB.EverythingC.AnythingD.Nothing22()1Yesterdaymorning___boybrokeintothegarden.A.anyB.someC.manyD.much()2___twentyboyswereplayingfootballatthattimeyesterday.A.EachB.SomeC.NooneD.Neither()3NowIhave______questions.Let"sgotoaskourteacher.A.anyB.muchC.someD.alot23()1Ifyouliketheseapples,youcantake_____.A.anyB.alotC.that.D.this()2Iwilldo____formymotherland.A.anythingB.manyC.muchD.something()3-Didtheyfind___inthepark?-No,theyfound____there.A.anybody;nobodyB.somebody;everybodyC.anybody;somebodyD.everybody;anybody24()1Idon"tknow_____ofthesepeople,fortheyarenewworkers.A.anyB.someC.oneD.much()2Hedidn"ttake___one.Theyareallhere. 12A.manyB.anyC.alittleD.that()31haven"tread____ofthebooks.Afewofthebooksaretoodifficultformetoread.A.anyB.someC.twoD.both25()1CanIhave___bottleoforange,please?A.anotherB.otherC.othersD.theothers()2Thereareforty-fourstudentsinClassOne.Nineteenofthemareboys,___aregirls.A.theotherB.theothersC.othersD.someothers()3MrSmithhastwosons.____isasoldier,___isadoctor.A.One;anotherB.One;otherC.This;theotherD.One;theother()4Therearemanypeopleintheparknow.Someareboating.____arewalkingalongthelake.A.theotherB.otherC.theothersD.others()5Theglassisbroken.Goandget____.A.otherB.anotheroneC..othersD.theother()6Iborrowedtwobooks.____isinEnglish,and____isinChinese.A.It;anotherB.One;anotherC.Theone;anotherD.One;theother26()1_____ofthemhasanEnglishdictionary.A.EveryB.AllC.BothD.Each()2TherearelotsofEnglishbookshere,and____ofthemiseasytounderstand.A.bothB.all.C.everyD.each()3Ididn"tknowthatyou___would___there.A.be;allB.all;beC.are;allD:all;are()4-Arethesetwobooksinteresting?-Yes,____ofthemareinteresting.A.bothB.allC.eitherD.neither27()1Hecouldn"tmakehimselfunderstoodbecause___ofusknewwhathesaid.A.noneB.noC.nobodyD.not()2Ididn"tlikethecrosstalk.____oftheactorswasfunny.A.BothB.AllC.NeitherD.Either()3_____ofthemisgoodatsinging.A.BothB.AllC.NooneD.Neither()4-Whichwouldyoulike,acupofteaoraglassofmilk?-____,thanks.IthinkI"lljusthaveaglassofwater.A.NoneB.NeitherC.BothD.Either()5-Howmanymonkeysdidyouseeinthezoo? 12A.NeverB.NoneC.NooneD.Nothing28()1WeshouldspeakEnglishas___aspossible.A.manyB.muchC.fewD.lot()2It"sgoingtobeabusydaytoday.Ihave____worktodo.A.ahardB.alotC.manyD.much()3Theboyhaseatentwobananasalready,buthewanted___.A.afewmoreB.fewmoreC.alittlemoreD.littlemore()4Doyoueat____fruitandvegetables?A.manyB.moreC.alotD.alotof29()1Ididn"tgetanylettersyesterday,buttherewere____thismorning.A.alittleB.fewC.littleD.afew()2Thefilmisn"tinteresting.___peoplelikeit.A.FewB.AlittleC.AfewD.Little()3Shecanspeak___Englishnow.A.alittleB.afewC.manyD.few()4Hurryup!Thereis____timeleft.A.fewB.afewC.littleD.alittle()5Sorry,Ican"tansweryourquestion.Iknow____aboutthesubject.A.alittleB.littleC.fewD.afew30()1Themanmissedthebus.____iswhyhewaslateforthemeeting.A.ItB.ThatC.ThisD.All()2Hehastostayathome.___hehasabadcold.A.ThisisbecauseB.That"swhyC.SoisitD.Thereasonis()3-Howmanybooksarethereonthetable?Onlyfour.A.ThisisallrightB.That"sallrightC.That"srightD.Itisallright12参考答案：121.1-4AADD2.1-6ABBADB3.1-4DADD4.1-4BABB5.1-3DBD6.1-3ADD7.1-4DBDD8.1-4DADB9.1-2BD10.1-4DDDD11.1-3BDB12.1-3BDD13.1-3DDA14.1-5BBDAD15.1-3DDD16.1-5BBBDD17.1-3ADD18.1-6DDDBDD 1219.1-6DDBADD20.1-5BDADB21.1-5BBDDA22.1-3BBD23.1-3AAA24.1-3BBB25.1-6ABDDBD26.1-4DDBA27.1-5ADDBB28.1-4BDAD29.1-5DAADB30.1-3BAD