高中英语语法讲解与练习：主谓一致2 5页

高中英语语法之主谓一致1并列结构作主语时当意义为复数时谓语用复数注意:当主语由and连结时,如果它表示一个单一的概念,即指同一人或同一物时,谓语动词用单数,and此时连接的两个词前只有一个冠词.Theironandsteelindustryisveryimportanttoourlife.TheLeaguesecretaryandmonitorwasaskedtomakeaspeechatthemeeting.Thesingeranddancerismyneighbor.2主谓一致中的靠近原则therebe句型notonly…butalso…,either…or…,neither…nor就近原则Thereisapen,aknifeandseveralbooksonthedesk..NotonlyJohnbutalsoIamgoingtoShanghainextweek.　Eitheryouorsheistogo.3谓语动词与前面的主语一致with,togetherwith,aswellas,but,except与前面的主语一致.Theteachertogetherwithsomestudentsisvisitingthefactory.HeaswellasIwantstogoboating.4谓语需用单数1)代词each,every,some,no,any等构成的不定代词作主语，谓语用单数.Eachofushasatape-recorder.Thereissomethingwrongwithmywatch.2)and连接的两个单数名词前若用each,every,no修饰,谓语动词用单数形式.Nobookandnopenisfoundintheschoolbag.书包里没有书和钢笔.Everyboyandeverygirlisaskedtoanswerthesamequestion.3)当主语是一本书或一条格言时,谓语动词常用单数.TheArabianNightisabookknowntoloversofEnglish.是英语爱好者熟悉的一本好书.4)表示金钱,时间.距离.价格或度量衡的名词作主语,常看作一个整体,谓语一般用单数.Threeweekswasallowedformakingthenecessarypreparations.Tenyuanisenough.5)"morethanone+名词"用单数.例如:Morethanoneteachergetstheflowers.不止一个教师得到了花.6)"manya+名词"用单数.例如:Manyastudenthasbeensenttoplanttrees.很多学生被派去植树.7)动词不定式,动词-ing形式短语作主语时,谓语动词常用单数.例如:Goingoutforawalkaftersupperisagoodhabit.晚饭后出去散步是一个好习惯.8)以-ics结尾的学科名词,如politics,physics,mathematics谓语用单数.以-s结尾的名词news,works,plastics等同属此类.谓语用单数Politicsisnowtaughtinallschools.现在各学校都开设政治课. 5谓语需用复数anumberof,avarietyof,agroupof,massesof,quantitiesof短语后谓语动词多用复数Anumberofstudentsarefromthesouth.6谓语动词单复数情况不定1)what,which,who,noneof,someof,more,mostof,allof等词的单复数由其指代的词单复数决定.Allisright.(一切顺利.)　Allarepresent.(所有人都到齐了.)*一般all指人时,动词用复数;all指物时,动词用单数.例如:"Allarepresentandallisgoingwell."所有人全部到场了,一切进展顺利2)集体名词作主语时,谓语的数要根据主语的意思来决定.如family,audience,crew,crowd,class,company,committee等词用复数表示集体中的各个成员,单数表示该个集体.Hisfamilyisn"tverylarge.他家不是一个大家庭.Hisfamilyaremusiclovers.他的家人都是音乐爱好者.people,police,cattle,poultry(家禽).militia(民兵).vermin（害虫）等在任何情况下都用复数形式.Arethereanypolicearound3)与后接名词或代词保持一致"halfof,therestof,partof,mostof,aportionof,allof，百分数，分数，ofthefollowing等后接名词"作主语时,谓语动词形式根据of后的名词而定.Threefourthsofthesurfaceoftheearthiscoveredwithwater.地球表面四分之三为水所覆盖.Thefollowingaregoodexamples下面是一些好例子4)trousers,glasses,shoes，scissors（剪刀），等作主语时,前面若有"一条","一副","一把"之类的单位词,动词用单数;若没有单位词或单位词是复数,则谓语动词用复数.arms（武器）.clothes谓语动词常用复数Theshoesareallright.这些鞋子都很合适.Oneortwopersonsaresenttheretohelpthemdothework.派一两个人到那儿去给他们帮忙.6）"oneof+复数名词+定语从句"结构中,定语从句的谓语动词要用复数;"theonlyoneof+复数名词+定语从句"的结构中,定语从句的谓语动词要用单数.Heisoneofthestudentswhogetthereontime.他是准时到达那里的学生之一.Heistheonlyoneofthestudentswhogetsthereontime.他是唯一一个准时到达那里的学生之一. 练习2.Allbutone_____here.AllthatIwanttosay____this.A.is;areB.is;isC.are;isD.are;are3.Anumberofstudents____goneforanouting.Thenumberofthestudents____increasingyear.A.have;hasB.is;haveC.has;haveD.have;is4.Someoftheoranges______bad.Someofthemilk_______sour(酸).A.are;isB.are;areC.is;areD.is;is5.Eachstudent-____gotanEnglish-Chinesedictionary.Allstudents______dictionarise.A.have;hasB.has;haveC.have;haveD.has;has6.There_____apen,aninkbottle,andsomebooksonit.There________somebowls,platesandaspoononit.A.is;areB.are;areC.are;isD.is;is7.Eitherthejudgeorthelawyers_______wrong.Eitheryouorhe_______toblame.A.is;areB.are;isC.are;areD.is;is8.Hisfamily______allverywell.Hisfamily_______a“fivegood”one.A.are;isB.is;isC.are;areD.is;are9.Mybluetrousers______wornout.Onepairoftrousers______notenough.A.is;areB.are;areC.is;isD.are;is10.OurLeaguesecretaryandEnglishteacher______theleadineverything.OurLeaguesecretaryandtheEnglishteacher_____goodfriends.A.take;areB.take;isC.takes;isD.takes;are11.Thegirlaswellashisparents_______abike.Notonlythestudentsbutalsotheprofessor______surprisedatMary’sanswer.A.have;wasB.have;wereC.has;wasD.has;were12.Who_____thegirlsinginginthenextroom?Who______thesepeopleoverthere?A.are;areB.are;isC.is;areD.is;is13.Mostofthestudents_____boys.Mostofhismoney_____spentonbooks.A.are;isB.is;isC.are;areD.is;are14.Thepoliceman______standingatthestreetcorner.Thepolice_____searchingforhim.A.are;isB.are;areC.is;areD.is;is15.Theglasses______mine.Thatpairofglasses_____mybrother’s.A.are;isB.are;areC.is;areD.is;is16.Thenewsatsixo’clock_____nottrue.Thosepiecesofnews_____tobebroadcasted.A.are;isB.are;areC.is;areD.is;is17.GrandpaWangandhistwograndsons______takingawalkintheparknow.GrandpaWang,togetherwithhistwograndsons,____takingawalkintheparknow.A.are;areB.is;areC.is;isD.are;is18.NoonebutJane______thesecret.NobodybutMaryandI___intheclassroomatthattime.A.know;wasB. knows;wasC.know;wereD.knows;were19.There_____nothingbuttwodesksintheroom.There____somethingwrongwiththemachine.A.is;isB.is;areC.are;isD.are;are20.Heisoneoftheboyswho_____neverlateforschool.Heistheonlyoneoftheboyswho_____neverlateforschool. A.is;areB.are;areC.are;isD.is;is21.Whattheyhavedone______ofgreatusetous.Whathesaysandwhathedoes___agree.A.is;notB. is;donotC.are;doesnotD.are;not22.Everypictureexceptthesetwo_______.Everythingaroundus_____good.A.havebeensold;isB.havebeensold;areC.hasbeensold;isD.hasbeensold;are23.Awomanwithtwochildren____comingtous.Mary,alongwithherparents,___gonetoParis.A.is;hasB.is;haveC.are;haveD.are;has24.onesixthofourclassmates___frompeasantfamilies.Onefifthofhertime____devotedtowriting.A.comes;isB. come;areC.come;isD.comes;are25.Only10percentofthestudentsintheclass_____Leaguemembers.About40%ofJim’sincome________totherent(租金).A.are;goesB.are;goC.is;goesD.is;go26.Itisthisteacherwho______leavingforLondon.Itisyouwho____next.A.are;areB.is;areC.are;isD.is;is27.Thepopulationoftheearth_____increasingfast.Onethirdofthepeoplehere_____workers.A.is;areB.is;isC.are;isD.are;are28.Thiskindofsnakes_____verydangerous.Thesekindsofmetal_____hardtofind.A.is;isB.are;isC.is;areD.are;are29.Halfofthevisitors_____fromEurope.Halfofthefruit_____bad.A.is;areB.is;isC.are;isD.are;are30.Everymanworkerandeverywomanworker_____freemedicalcare.AtChristmaseachboyandeachgirl_____givenapresent.A.enjoy;isB.enjoy;areC.enjoys;isD.enjoys;are31.Manyaman______seenthewonderfulfilm.Manymen_____seenthewonderfulfilm.A.has;hasB.has;haveC.have;hasD.have;have32.Goingtobedearlyandgettingupearly_____agoodhabit.Singinganddancing_____twoofthethingsthathelikesbest.A.is;isB.are;isC.is;areD.are;are35.Ifanybody_____,askhimtowait._____thereanythingIcandoforyou?A.come;IsB.come;AreC.comes;AreD. comes;Is36.Chinese_____notsodifficulttolearn.TheChinesepeople________braveandhardworking.A.is;isB.are;isC.is;areD.are;are37.Little_____donetopreventtheairfrombeingpolluted.Much_____donetoagainstpollution.A.hasbeen;havebeenB.have;hasC.hasbeen;hasbeenD.havebeen;havebeen38.Doyouknowthesingeranddancerwho_____standingatthegate?Chinahasthousandsofislands,thelargestofwhich____Taiwan.A.is;areB.is;isC.are;isD.are;are39.Eachofthegirls____anorange.Each______hisduty.A.have;hasB.have;haveC.has;hasD.has;have40.Whenwearetoholdthesportsmeet____beendecided.Whetherhesucceedsorfails______matter.A.have;don’tB. has;don’tC.have;doesn’tD.has;does’t41.Herclothes____nearlywornout.Hisphysics______weakerthanothers. A.is;isB.are;isC.is;areD.are;are42.Fivehundreddollars______morethanhecanafford.A.isB.are44.TheUnitedNations___tryingtopersuadethetwocountries.A.isB.are45.Threekilometers____notalongdistance.A.isB.are46.Tosaysomething_______onething,todoit_____another.A.is;isB.are;are47.ReadingEnglishmagazinesandnovels____helpfultoyourstudyofEnglish.A.isB.are49.Betweenthetwobuildings_____ahospital.A.standB.stands50.Howtogetridofthesethings____abigproblem.A.areB.is