高三英语语法专题复习---主谓一致课件 28页

主谓一致高三语法专题复习吴清业 主谓一致练习例题高考考点分析意义 1、语法上一致1．名词trousers,scissors(剪刀）,clothes,goods,glasses、shoes、compasses（圆规）chopsticks、等做主语时．２.the+形容词表示一类人时，主（复）－－谓语复;主语单-----谓语单谓语动词用复数akindof,apairof,aseriesof-----谓单谓语动词用复数 3不定式（短语），动名词（短语）或从句做主语时，4either,neither,each做主语或every/no+单数名词或some,any,no,every构成的复合不定代词做主语,谓语动词用单数．谓语用单数． Hisfamily___allfootballfans.A.isB.hasbeenC.arebeingD.are这类词常有audience、class、committee、company、crowd、enemy、government、group、party、public、team等。５一些集体名词做主语，如果看作一个整体，谓语动词用单数；如果指其中的成员，谓语用复数． 6.由“therestof,alotof,(lotsof,plentyof,partof/halfof)+名词”;由“分数或百分数＋名词”构成的短语作主语时，其谓语动词的数要根据短语中后面名词的数而定。7.“a+N+andahalf”;“oneandahalf”做主语“thenumberof+N”;thequantityof+N做主语谓语用单数 练习11.StudyingEnglish_____patience.A.callforB.callsforC.iscalledforD.callsin2.Whatyousaid____quitetothepoint.A.hasB.areC.wereD.is3.Thepublic______thebestjudgebecausethepublic______theirthoughtcorrectly.A.are,expressB.isC.is;expressD.are4.Therich___notalwayshappy.A.isB.hasC.haveD.are5._____ofthesouthernhemisphere(南半球)_____withwater.A.Four-five;iscoveredB.Four-fifths;iscoveredC.Four-fifth,arecoveredD.Four-fifths,arecovered. 2意义（内容）上一致1形式单数，谓语用复数。2形式为复数，谓语动词用单数。4表时间，金钱，距离，度量等的名词复数形式,但作为一个单一的整体概念时，谓语动词用单数people、police、cattle5在主谓倒装中，谓语的数应与其后的主语一致。如：3单、复数同形的名词means、sheep,works(工厂）、species(种类)、deer,Chinese、JapaneseBetweenthetwowindowshangsanoilpainting6.morethanone…或manya…构成主语，谓语动词用单数形式。 典型例题：Mathematics____thelanguageofscience.(1978)A.isB.aregoingtobeC.are学科名词，如“mathematics,politics,physics以及news,等，形式上为复数，谓语用单数。另外：复数名词用作书，电影、戏剧、报刊、国家等名称时，谓语动词用单数。His“selectedPoems”____firstpublishedin1965.(78)A.wereB.wasC.hasbeen Thirtyyears____passed.Fiveminutes______enoughtofinishthetask.hasis 3、就近原则。连词or、either…or、neither…nor、notonly…butalso,not---but等连接的并列主语，如果一个是单数，一个是复数，谓语动词与靠近它的主语一致。 1、用and连接两个并列成分；2、with,aswellas,except等连接状语；3、就近原则；4、各种代词(nobody,all,most,partoftherest---)的主谓一致;5、定语从句中的主谓一致。高考考点分析 考点1：1Thesingeranddancer_____ourmeeting.A.istoattendB.aretoattendC.istojoinD.aretojoin2.Everydoctorandeverynurse______anewhospitalforSARSpatients.A.hasfounded B.havefound C.expectstofound D.hastobefound 归纳一：1．两个或两个以上做主语的单数名词用and连接，但若表示同一人,物或概念或两个部件配成的物品时,谓语动词用单数.Asingeranddancerwaspresentattheparty.Breadandbuttertastesgood.类似的表达式有：awatchandchain一块带链的表aneedleandthreadacoatandtie配有领带的上衣Aknifeandforkisneededforawesternmeal.吃西餐时要用刀和叉。Thecartandhorseiscoming.马车来了。(配套事物) 2．用and连接的两个名词若被no,each,every,manya，morethanone修饰，即构成each…andeach…,every…andevery…,no…andno…,manya…andmanya…结构作主语时，谓语动词仍用单数形式。如：则谓语动词用单数。Nobirdandnobeast_____seeninthisisland.Manyaboyandmanyagirl____madesuchafunnyexperiment.washas 考点2：Alibrarywithfivethousandbooks____tothenationasagift.（1990NMET）A.isofferedB.hasofferedC.areofferedD.haveofferedAprofessor,togetherwithsomestudents,＿＿＿senttohelpinthework.Noonebuttheteachers_____allowedtousetheroom.wasis 归纳二当主语后面跟有aswellas,,alongwith,with,like,ratherthan,togetherwith,but,except,besides,including,inadditionto等引导的词组时，其谓语动词的单、复数按前面主语的单、复数而定。 考点4：NobodybutJaneandTom_____thesecret.(1986)A.knowB.knowsC.haveknownD.isknowneither,neither,each,every或no+单数名词和由some,any,no,every构成的复合不定代词都作单数看待。Eachofus_____(have)anewpen.has 考点5：Heistheonlyoneofthestudentswho____awinnerofscholarshipforthreeyears.(02上海春)A.isB.areC.havebeenD.hasbeenwho,which,that作定语从句的主语时，其谓语取决于先行词。Thosewhowanttogoshouldsignyournameshere.Heisoneofthestudentswhohavepassedtheexam.Heistheonlyoneofthestudentswhohaspassedtheexam.theonlythejusttheright Writingstoriesandarticles____whatIenjoymost.A.have  B.is  C.has  D.are2.Thequantityofbooksinthelibrary____amazing.AisBareCwereDbeing3.Thenumberofstudentsinthisschool______.A.isincreasing B.areincreasing C.isincreased D.areincreasedBAA 4.NooneinthedepartmentbutTomandI____thatnewsA.knowsB.knowC.haveknown D.amtoknow5.Apairofshoes______underthebed.A.was  B.were  C.hasbeen D.havebeen6.Manyastudent______thefilmnow.A.hasseen B.hadseen C.haveseen D.saw 7.Thepolice______determinedtobringbackthemissingboywhenhisfamily___almostgivenupallhope.A.is;haveBare;haveC.is;hasD.are;has8.NotonlyIbutalsoshe______this.A.know  B.knows  C.amknown D.known9.Thenewsthatsheiscomingtovisitus______exciting.A.is  B.was  C.were  D.areBBA主语形式虽为单数，但意义为复数，谓语动词用复数。如：people,police,cattle______________ 11.Fiveminusthree______two.A.is  B.are  C.was  D.were12.Twentydollars______enoughforthecoat.A.is  B.are  C.was  D.were10.Thecrowd______fortheirlivesA.wererun B.wererunning C.wasrun  D.wasrunningBAA当名词词组中心词为表示度量、距离、金额、时间等复数名词时，往往可以根据意义一致的原则，把这些复数名词看作一个整体，谓语动词用单数形式。如：____________________________________________ 13.Thefirsttwoquestionswereeasy,buttherestofthem______not.A.was  B.were  C.being  D.tobe14.Thefollowing_____somenewlypublishedpopularmagazines.A.is  B.are  C.was  D.has15.______goodexercise.A.Climbinghillsis  B.ClimbingthehillisC.Theclimbinghillsare  D.TheclimbingofhillsareBBA如果名词词组的中心词是,most,rest,some,alotof,partof等词，所指是复数意义，谓语动词用复数形式；反之用单数。如： 16.Something______gonewrongwithmyTVset.A.has  B.have  C.is  D.are17.Thisisoneofthebestfilmsthat______thisyear.A.isappearing  B.appearC.hasappeared D.haveappeared18.Halfofthestudents______madethesamemistake.A.has  B.have  C.is  D.are19.Theold______takengoodcareofinourcountry.A.is  B.has  C.are  D.haveADBC______________________关系代词which,who,that在定语从句中作主语时，其谓语动词的数应与其前的先行词的数保持一致。halfof,(a)partof修饰可数名词单数及不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数，修饰可数名词复数作主语时，谓语动词用复数。____________________________________“the＋形容词（或过去分词或现在分词）”如：thebrave,thepoor,therich,theblind,theyoung,theold,thesick,thewounded,theinjured,theunemployed,thedying,theliving等结构担任主语表示一类人时，谓语动词常用复数形式；但也有少数的形容词或过去分词与定冠词连用指个别或表示抽象的概念时，谓语动词用单数。 20.SnowWhiteandtheSevenDwarfs______popularwithpeopleofallagessinceitwasmadeintothefirstfull-lengthcartoon.A.were  B.was  C.hasbeen D.is21.Allbutone______herejustnow.A.is  B.was  C.hasbeen D.were22.Three-fourthsofthesurfaceoftheearth______sea.A.is  B.are  C.were D.hasbeenCDA形复意单的单词有：news，works和一些以s结尾的书名、组织机构的名称（如：“TheSelectedPoemsofLiBai”，theUnitedStates,theUnitedNations）以及以ics结尾的学科名称（如：physics，politics，maths，economics等）。_________________________________________________ 23Inthedarkforests______alakeAstandBliesClieDstands24Mysister,aswellasherclassmateswho_____lateforclass,_____criticizedbyMr.Right.Awere,wasBwas,wereCwas,wasDwere,were Good-bye!