中考英语语法复习之数词专项 4页

中考英语语法复习之数词专项A基数词：表示事物数量的词，叫基数词。两座桥：twobridges; 20个战士：twentysoldiers;一．基数词的词形(1)从1到12是独立的数词：one,two,three,four,five,six,seven,eight,nine,ten,eleven,twelve。(2)从13到19：在个位数后-teen。thirteen,fifteen,eighteen,nineteen(3)从20到90的各整十位数都以-ty结尾。twenty,thirty,fifty,eighty,ninety(4)20到100之间的其余的两位数，要在十位和个位之间加连字符号“-”。twenty-five,thirty-two,ninety-eight(5)百位以上的数词，要在百位和十位(没有十位则和个位)之间加and。258：twohundredandfifty-eight；101：onehundredandone；(6)英语中的数词每3位一个单位：hundred（百）- thousand（千）-million（百万）-billon（十亿）10,000,000,000,0004002：fourthousandandtwo                    7059：seventhousandandfiftynine (7)hundred,thousand,million的用法数字+hundred+名词复数=hundreds/thousands/millionsof+名词复数 “前有后无，前无后有”twomillion200万       hundredsof成百上千的             thousandsof成千上万二.基数词的读法读数时，从左向右三位三位地按照三位数读法读，遇上逗号就分别加上该逗号所表示的数词。例如：43，982，567forty-theremillon,ninehundredandeighty-twothousand,fivehundredandsixty-seven三.基数词的用法1.基数词与名词连用表示编号。LessonEight 第八课；ClassOne,GradeThree 三年级一班；Room102 102号房间No.4MiddleSchool 四中；38ChanganStreet 长安街38号；BusNo.10 10路公共汽车2.数词复数表示年龄和年代、月份和日期。1）表确切年龄注意：①年代是四位数时，各分成二位来读：1998年：读作：nineteenninetyeight。②日期按序数词读：7月10日读作Julytenth。☆表示年代或人的不确切岁数，用几十的复数形式inthe1960s二十世纪六十年代  inone’s+数词复数　在某人几十多岁intheforties 在40年代   Theoldmanisnowinhiseighties.这位老人现在已经80多岁了。2）表示年、月、日in1992在1992年；inJune,1966在1966年6月；onJuly28,1978在1978年7月28号3）基数词用于表示时间。表示时间有两种方法：①表示“几点过几分”，30分钟之内用介词past。八点十分tenpasteight   九点一刻aquarterpastnine   12∶30halfpasttwelve②表示“几点差几分”，30分钟之内(不包括30分整)，用介词to。 (7∶50)tentoeight (8∶45)aquartertonine (12∶50)tentoone③也可以按照时刻表直接读数字。二点四十twoforty    五点半fivethirty   七点一刻sevenfifteen   九点零五nine0five B序数词：表示数目的顺序或事物的位置的词，叫作序数词。一．序数词的形式 1.从第一到第三为独立的特殊形式  first,second,third.2.从第4到第19 以基数词加“th”构成：fourth,fifth,sixth,seventh,eighth,ninth，tenth,eleventh,twelfth,thirteenth,fourteenth，fifteenth,sixteenth,seventeenth,eighteenth,nineteenth3.第20以上的的序数词 从20到90等以ty结尾的十位整数，把y改成i再加“eth”构成序数词twentieth,thirtieth,fortieth,fiftieth,sixtieth,seventieth,eightieth,ninetieth4.100的序数词为：hundredth。5.其余的两位或多位数，只将个位改成序数词，其余仍用基数词表示：twenty--first,thirty--second,forty—third       twohundredandninth--eighth(第298)threethousand,sevenhundredandtwenty--first(第3721)注意：二.序数词的用法（1）序数词在使用时，通常前面要加定冠词the；但是如果序数词前出现物主代词，则不需要加the;Hisfirstbirthday; (2)序数词可以表示日期（用在天数的后面）。It"sSeptemberthefirsttoday. 今天是9月1日。IthappenedonSeptember18th,1931. 这发生在1931年9月18日。(3)序数词可以表示编号。thetwelfthlesson(=Lesson12)第十二课    thesecondparagaph(=ParagraphTwo)第二段thefourthMiddleSchool(=No.4MiddleSchool)第四中学   thethirtyeighthroom(=Room38)第38号房间    thetenthpage  (Page10)第10页三、数词的特定表示法和读法(1)分数表示法 分数的构成：分子用基数词，分母用序数词；分子如果大于1，分母序数词一般用复数形式。1/2：a(one)half,  1/3：a(one)third, 1/4：aquarter  2/5：twofifths,  3/4：threequarters注意：数词与表示单位的名词一起使用作定语时，单位名词必须用单数。二十英镑的纸币：atwentypoundnote (2)数词前加every,表示每……/每隔…….everytendays =everyninthday 每十天(每隔九天)注:every+基数词+复数名词=every+(序数词-1)+单数名词(3)“多少又一半”的表达法:　　基数词+and+ahalf+名词复数=基数词+名词(单数/复数)+and+ahalfhalfanhour半小时　　twoandahalfhours =twohoursandahalf (     )1.Lincolnwasbornon________. A.February12,1809 B.1809,February12  C.1809,12February  D.February1809,12(     )2.A_______boycansingtheEnglishsongverywell. A.ten-year-old   B.tenyearsold   C.ten-year-old    D.fifthyearsold(     )3.Anhourlater,_____ministerwassenttoseethe“magiccloth”wovenbythosetwomen. A.two    B.thesecond    C.thetwo     D.second(      )4.AbrahamLincolnwas_______PresidentoftheUnitedStates. A.16    B.the16     C.16th     D.the16th(     )5.Doyouthinkthereisanyroomforus________? A.two    B.thetwo    C.second    D.thesecond(     )6.Howmanystudentsarethereinyourclass?________. A.Twentynine    B.Thirtyandtwo    C.Forty-five    D.fifties(      )7.Whichnumberiswrong?_______. A.Ninety    B.Ninteen     C.Ninth     D.Nineteenth(      )8.ThePeople"sLiberationArmywasfounded_______. A.onAugust1,1927  B.in1927,1August  C.onAugust1st,1927  D.inAugust1,1927(     )9.Thenumber4,123isread_______. A. fourthousandonehundredandtwenty-three B.fourthousandandonehundredtwenty-three C. fourthousandandahundredandtwenty-three D.fourthousandsahundredandtwenty-three(     )10.Theoldprofessorstillworkshardthoughheis_________. A.inhissixty   B.inhissixties    C.insixties    D.inthesixty(     )11.Thisclassroomis________ours. A.threetimesbigas B.asthreetimesbigas C.threetimesasbigas D.asbigthreetimesas(     )12.Thebasketballteamofourschoolranks________inthematch. A.three    B.third     C.thethree      D.thethird(     )13.Whichisthecarthathedrives?It"s________. A.fiftytwo   B.thefifty-twocars   C.thecarfiftyfour    D.thefifty-fourthcar(  )14.Whichofthefollowingiswrong?________. A.Heisafifteen-year-oldboy.       B.Heisattheageof15. C.Heisaboyof15.               D.Heisfifteenyearold.(  )15.Ourschoolisnotverybig.Thereareonly________students. A.ninehundredsof  B.ninehundred   C.ninehundreds    D.ninehundredof(   )16.Howmanynewwordsaretherein________lesson?Thereareonly_________. A.five;fifth     B.fifth;five     C.thefifth;thefive     D.thefifth;five(   )17.________,Coca-ColabegantoenterChina"smarket. A.In1970"s   B.In1970s    C.Inthe1970s"    D.Inthe1970s(   )18.Therewasnobusinthatsmalltown.Wehada________. A.tenmileswalk    B.ten-milewalk   C.tenmile"swalk    D.tenthmilewalk(   )19.Todayisthefirstdayand________. A.Tuesdayisfourth B.Thursdayisthefourth C.secondisTuesdayD.asecondisThursday(   )20.Whichroomdoyoulivein?________. A.The201Room   B.Room201    C.Room201st   D.The201"sRoom(   )21.Howmanymagazinesdoyouhave?Ihave________. A.two    B.both     C.twice     D.thesecond (   )22.Threehundredthousandonehundredandseventymeans________. A.3,170    B.3,117     C.300,170      D.30,170(   )23.OnMay________,________peopletraveledroundthecountry. A.thefirst,millions   B.thefirst,millionsof   C.first,themillionth   D.first,millions(  )24.________ofthemarediningatschool. A.Twelve     B.Twelfth     C.Thetwelve      D.the12th(   )25.It"s7:17isread________. A.sevenandseventeen  B.sevenseven  C.sevenoneseven   D.sevenseventeen(   )26.Four________twoistwo. A.plus     B.minus      C.times      D.dividedby(   )27.Three________fiveiseight. A.plus    B.minus     C.times     D.dividedby(   )28.Three________sevenistwenty-one. A.plus    B.minus     C.times     D.dividedby(   )29.Forty-two________sevenissix. A.plus    B.minus     C.times     D.dividedby(    )30.Thereare________daysinayear. A.threehundredsixtyandfive          B.threehundredandsixty-five C.threehundredsandsixty-five         D.threehundredsixty-five(    )31.Thereare________studentsinthatschool. A.twothousandeight-six              B.twothousandeighty-six C.twothousandandeighty-six          D.twothousandsandeighty-six(    )32.Ittookme________togetthere. A.twohoursandahalf                B.twohoursandhalf C.twohourandahalf                 D.twohourandhalf(   )33.Septemberis_________monthoftheyear. A.thenineth     B.theninth     C.nineth      D.ninth(    )34.Pleasepassme_______bookontheleft. A.third     B.three      C.thethird       D.thethree(    )35.________isaverytallboy. A.Thetwelve    B.Thetwelveth     C.Thetwelfeth      D.Thetwelfth(    )36.Wehaveknowneachotherfor________. A.ayearandhalf   B.ayearwithhalf    C.ayearandahalf    D.ayearwithahalf(   )37.“Whatyearisit?”       “It"s________.” A.nineteenhundredandninety-seven      B.nineteenandninety-seven C.nineteenninetyandseven             D.nineteenninety-seven(   )38.“What"sthedatetoday?”“It"s_________.” A.Tuesday      B.JuneFourth       C.Junethefour      D.Junethefourth(    )39.ThetrainfromShanghaiwillarrive________. A.inquarterpastsix B.inaquarterpastsix  C.atquarterpastsix  D.ataquarterpastsix(    )40.Myfriendwasbornon_________. A.threeofJuly,1979                 B.thethirdofJuly,1979  C.1979,Julythethird                D.1979,thethirdofJuly