六年级下册英语语法 5页

六年级第二学期英语语法知识复习资料一、现在进行时：1、表示正在发生的动作。2、构成：主语+be动词+现在分词+其它。eg：Jennyiswakingup。3、时间词：now、listen、look……4、现在分词变化方法：（1）直接加“ing”。eg：watch—watchinggo—goingwash—washingcomb—combingshow—showingwalk—walkingplay—playingdo—doingread—readingfly—flyingbuy—buyinglook—lookingsing—singing（2）以不发音字母“e”结尾的，去“e”加“ing”。eg：like—likingleave—leavingarrive—arrivingwake—wakingcome—comingride—ridinghave—havingtake—takingskate—skating注意：特殊变法：lie—lying（3）重读闭音节，双写加“ing”。eg：hit—hittingput—puttingrun—runningsit—sittingskip—skippingswim—swimmingshop—shoppingget—getting二、一般过去时：1、表示在过去的时间发生的事情或存在的状态。2、构成：主语+动词过去式+其它。eg：Theytaughteachotherasport。 3、时间词：yesterday、last……动词过去式变化方法：（一）、规则变化。（1）直接加“ed”。eg：play—playedwant—wantedwatch—watchedyell—yelledhappen—happenedlook—lookedcall—calledtalk—talkedlaugh—laughedask—askedwalk—walkedwatch—watched（2）以不发音字母“e”结尾的，直接加“d”。eg：invite—invitedlike—liked注意：特殊变法：lie—lay（3）以辅音字母加“y”结尾的，变“y”为“i”加“ed”。eg：study—studied（4）重读闭音节，双写加“ed”。eg：stop—stopped(二)不规则变化。eg：do—didgo—wentbuy—boughtteach—taughtthink—thoughtcan—couldam/is—wasare—werewin—wonlose—losteat—atemake—maderun—ransay—saidswim—swamfind——foundhave—hadsee—sawget—gotforget—forgot（三）过去式相同：eg：hurt—hurthit——hitread—readput—putcut—cut一、一般将来时：1、表示将来某一时间发生的动作或存在的状态。 2、构成：主语+will+动词原形+其它。eg：Iwillinvitesomefriends。3、时间词：tomorrow、next……四、形容词变副词：1、直接加“ly”。eg：slow—slowlyquick—quicklysad—sadlycareful—carefullyloud—loudlyquiet—quietly2、以“y”结尾的，变“y”为“i”加“ly”。eg：easy—easilyhappy—happily五、可数名词复数的变化方法：1、直接加“s”。eg：muscle—musclesseason—seasonscloud—cloudsgift—giftssurprise—surprisesbone——bonesvegetable—vegetables2、以“s”“x”“sh”“ch”“o”结尾的，加“es”。eg：beach—beachesbus—busesbox—boxestomato—tomatoes注意：少数以“o”结尾的，也加“s”。eg：zoo—zoosradio—radios3、以辅音字母加“y”结尾的，变“y”为“i”加“es”。eg：family—familiesstrawberry—strawberries4、以“f”“fe”结尾的，变“f”“fe”为“ves”。eg：leaf—leaves5、不规则变化。eg：man—menwoman—womenchild—childrenfoot—feettooth—teethtoothbrush—toothbrushes6、单复数相同。eg：fish—fishsheep—sheepdeer—deer六、反义词：eg：teach—learnthrow—catchhard—easyheavy—light win—loseup—downstrong—weakright—wrong/leftbefore—afterhealthy—sicksame—differentgood—badputon—takeoffclean—dirtysmall—bigcry—laughask—answerhigh—lowabove—belowcold—hotnew—oldcool—warmold—new/youngfast—slowslowly—quicklywhite—blackexpensive—cheapdry—wetyes—nowon—lostremember—forgetsmile—frownright—left七、1、对应词：father—motherdaughter—sonsouth—northeast—westboy—girlsister—brothergrandpa—grandmamorning—eveningman—woman2、同义词：airplane—planebike—bicyclegrandpa—grandfatherlike—lovegrandmother—grandmasoccer—footballfall—autumnfast—quickhear—listen3、同音词：hour—ourright—writeweak—weekfour—fallsun—sontwo—tooknow—no4、howmuch多少元howold多少岁howlong多长howtall多高howmany多少个howfall多远howoften多久一次5、时间从小到大排序：second秒—minute分—hour时—day天—week周—month月—year年八、单三人称。不是“I”也不是“you”的一个人。 一般的单三形式：leave—leaveswatch—watchesfly—flies特殊的单三形式：go—goesdo—doeshave—has