2013年广东高考英语语法填空宝典学生版 12页

语法填空答题规律一、命题揭秘        材料短文特点(1)短文体裁：近三年都是记叙文。建议：备考练习不局限于此，应各种体裁的文章都要练习。(2)短文题材：生活经历或成语故事，其内容或体现文化内涵，或给人心灵以启迪等。(3)短文难度：没有超出课标的生词，但有课标单词的派生词。(4)短文长度：170——200词。考试大纲说明       阅读下面短文,按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求,在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空,并将答案填写在答题卡标号为31~40的相应位置上.              近四年广东语法填空考点分布情况知识点分布动词（含非谓语）形容词连词介词代词冠词名词2009301221120102321110201122212102012 2  2 3   11 1 0    2009年语法填空      本文讲叙Jane在圣诞节给父亲选礼物，因往年送父亲领带不能使父亲高兴，满以为这次买烟斗送父亲会让父亲高兴的，买回来后却被告知父亲戒烟了。      Janewaswalkingroundthedepartmentstore.Sherememberedhowdifficult    31    wastochooseasuitableChristmaspresentforherfather.Shewishedthathewasaseasy    32     (please)ashermother,whowasalwaysdelightedwithperfume.Besides,shoppingatthistimeoftheyearwasnot    33     pleasantexperience:peoplesteppedonyourfeetor 34   (push)youwiththeirelbows(肘部),34"(hurry)aheadtogettoabargain.      Janepausedinfrontofacounter  35  someattractivetieswereondisplay.“Theyarerealsilk,”theassistanttriedtoattracther.“Worthdoubletheprice.”ButJaneknewfrompastexperiencethather  36  (choose)oftieshardlyeverpleasedherfather.  Janestoppedwhereasmallcrowdofmenhadgathered.Shefoundsomegoodqualitypipes   37  sale.Shedidnothesitateforlong:althoughherfathersmokedapipeonlyonceinawhile,sheknewthatthiswasapresentwhichwasboundtoplease  38 .    WhenJanegothome,withhersmallbutwell-chosenpresentinherbag,herparentswere12 already  39 tablehavingsupper.Hermotherwasexcited.“Yourfatherhasatlastdecidedtostopsmoking,”Jane  40  (inform).  2008年语法填空ChineseproverbsarerichandtheyarestillwidelyusedinChinesepeople’sdailylife.31theseproverbsthereareofteninterestingstories.Forexample,theproverb,“pluckingupacrop32(help)itgrow”,isbasedonthefollowingstory.   Itissaidthatashort-temperedmanintheSongDynasty(960—1279)wasveryanxioustohelp33ricecropgrowupquickly.Hewasthinkingabout34dayandnight.Butthecropwasgrowingmuchslowerthanheexpected.    Oneday,hecameupwithanidea35hewouldpluckupallofhiscropafewinches.Hedidsothenextday. Hewasverytired  36  doingthisforawholeday,   37  hefeltveryhappysincethecropdid“grow”  38  (high).    Hissonheardaboutthisandwenttoseethecrop.Unfortunatelytheleavesofthecropbegantowither.  Thisproverbissayingwehavetoletthingsgointheir   39   (nature)course.Beingtooanxioustohelpaneventdevelopoften  40  (result)inthecontrarytoourintention.2012年语法填空    Marywilleverforgetthefirsttimeshesawhim.Hesuddenlyappearedinclassoneday,  __16_(wear)sunglasses.Hewalkedinasifhe__17___(buy)theschool,AndthewordquicklygotaroundthathewasfromNewYorkCity. ForsomereasonhesatbesideMary.Maryfelt__18 _(please),becausethereweremanyemptyseatsintheroom.Butshequicklyrealizedthatitwasn’ther,itwasprobablythefactthatshesatin__19___lastrow.   _ 20__hethoughthecouldescapeattentionbysittingattheback,hewaswrong.Itmighthavemadeitalittle__21__(hard)foreverybodybecauseitmeanttheyhadtoturnaround,butthatdidn’tstopthekidsintheclass.Ofcoursewhenevertheyturnedtolookathim,theyhadtolookatMary,_22_madeherfeellikeastar.        “Doyouneedthoseglassesformedicalreasons?”theteacherasked.Thenewboyshookhishead.”ThenI’dappreciateitifyoudidn’tweartheminclass.IliketolookatyoureyeswhenI’m12 speakingtoyou.”Thenewboylookedattheteacher__23__afewsecondsandalltheotherstudentswondered__24__theboywoulddo.Thenhetook__25_off,gaveabigsmileandsaid“Thatiscool."2013年高考惠州第三次调研测试题     阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为16-25的相应位置上。      Whilemanyyoungpeoplewereenjoyingthefinalweeksofsummervacation,Zach Bonnerwasworkinghishardest. AccordingtotheSt.PetersburgTimes,ZachstartedwalkingfromValrico,Florida,hishometown,onChristmas,2009,andsteppedovertheLosAngelescitylineninemonthslaterinSeptember,coveringatotalof2,478miles16_____ raisingcloseto$120,000forkidsinneed.  Alongtheway,Zachattendedschoolonline,thankstohismother,LaurieBonner,andbrotherandsister17_____ alternatedwalkinganddrivingalongsidehim. Despite18_____ age, Zachhasalonghistoryofhelpingothers.19 _____HurricaneCharleyhithishometownin2004，Zach，thensix,pulledawagonthroughhisneighborhood20_______(collect)foodforstormvictims.Sincethen,he21_____ (raise)some$400,000forhistax-exemptLittleRedWagonFoundation,22______givesmoneytoprojectsaiding23_____ (home)andtroubledchildren.In2007，Zachbeganwalkingtosupportachildren"scharityinFlorida,24 _____ (finish)hisjourney23  dayslater,280 milesawayinTallahassee.Then25_____ thesummerof2009，hewalkedabout670milesfromAtlantatoWashington,D.C.,injusttwomonths.Whatreallykeepsmegoingis26_____ kids,"Zachhassaid."Theydon"tgettosay,‘I"mtiredofbeinghomeless."SowhyshouldIgettoquit?"16.______17._______18._______    19._______  20._______21._______22._______23._______24.______25._______26._______(赠送一个空，希望做对)三个解题步骤(1)通读全文，了解大意。步骤：概读理解–分析填空–连贯检查既然是利用语篇在语境中考语法，那么，我们在解题前，应快速浏览短文，了解全文大意，这一步非常重要。（2）分析思路   12 词法——句法——篇章——惯用法(3)试填空格，后难先易。读懂短文之后，要结合短文所提供的特定的语境(也就是上下文)，从句子结构的完整性去分析思考空格所缺单词的词性，再根据句子的意义，以及句子之间的逻辑关系来确定具体要填的单词和所给词的正确形式。具体方法，请看以下“解题思路大全”。(4)重读全文，解决难题。在解题过程中要先易后难，难题在大部分空格填好后，再经过仔细推敲，难题也就不会再难了。所有空格填好后，把整篇文章从头至尾复读一遍。（5）通读全文,理解大意；检查搭配,前后连贯；根据篇章,确定语义；分析句子,确定词性；语法填空的答题过程归根到底其实就是寻找依据．每一个语法填空的空格里所需的单词或短语其实都可以在所在的句子中或者上下文中找到它的依据。三、答题思路(1)纯空格试题。首先，分析句子结构确定填哪类词。然后，根据句子的意思，确定具体填什么词；根据两句间的逻辑关系确定具体用哪个连词。我们知道，语法填空空格在形式上主要有二种类型： (1)纯空格题（无提示词）：通常考——冠词、代词(形容词性物主代词、人称代词、不定代词、指示代词、反身代词)、介词、和连词、从句引导词。(2)用括号中所给词填空：通常考——谓语动词的时态、语态和主谓一致、.非谓语动词、词类转换等。两个分句结构连接,考查语法点:各类复合句中连词,引导词的用法1.…Theexam,________wasoriginallytobeheldinourclassroom,waschangedtothelibraryatthelastminute.(08广州二模)2…theheadofthevillagewastyinguphishorsetomycartopullittoasmalltownsome20kilometresaway________therewasagarage.(2007广东高考)3.Itissuchanimportantissue______wecouldn’taffordtoignore.(08仲元）4.Weshouldn’tspendourmoneytestingsomanypeople,mostof________arehealthy.（08茂名二模）四、具体分析方法 （一）纯空格题1、缺主语或宾语，一定是填代词或名词(多考代词)。[例1]IcansendamessagetoKenyawheneverIwantto,and__38_getstherealmostinasecond.(茂名一模)2、名词前是空格，若该名词前没有限定词，很可能是填冠词his,their等形容词性物主代词，或some,any,other(s),another等限定词。[例2]Itissaidthatashort-temperedmanintheSongDynasty(960—1279)wasveryanxioustohelp__33ricecropgrowupquickly.(2008年广东高考)[例3]…theheadofthevillagewastyinguphishorsetomycartopullitto__35_smalltownsome20kilometresawaywheretherewasagarage.(2007年广东高考)[例4] Thelittleboypulled[33]________righthandoutofthepocket…[例5]…whoshouldhavethehonourofreceivingme33 aguestintheirhouse.(2007年广东高考)4、若两个或几个单词或短语之间没有连词，可能是填连词。[例6]…twoworld-famousartists,PabloPicasso  34  CandidoPortinari,whichareworthmillionsof12 dollars.[例7]…allIsawwasthisbeautifulgirl,whosesmilejustmeltedme  36  almostinstantlygavemeacompletelynewsenseofwhatlifeisallabout.(2008年深圳一模)5、若两句(一个主谓关系算一个句子)之间没有连词，也没有分号或句号，一定是填连接词。[例8]Iwantedtoseeasmuchofthecityaspossibleinthetwodays 32 IwastoreturntoGuangzhou.(2008年广州一模)[例9]Hewasverytiredafterdoingthisforawholeday, 37 hefeltveryhappy…(2008年广东高考)6、若结构较完整，空格后的谓语动词是原形，特别是与上下文时态不一致或主谓不一致时，很可能是填情态动词或表示强调或倒装的助动词(do,does,did等)。[例10Whatisacceptableinonecountry   31  beconsideredextremelyrudeinanother.(珠三角五校联考)[例11]Hehadnotimeorenergytoplaywithhischildrenortalkwithhiswife,buthe________bringhomearegularsalary.7、若缺状语，一定是填副词(在纯空中考的可能性不大)。8、由特殊的句式结构来判断空格应填的词。(1)由itis…that…强调结构形式，判断填it还是that。[例12]…and  40  wasonlyafterIheardshebecamesickthatIlearnedshecouldn’teatMSG(味精)!(广州一模)(2)由倒装句式判断，是填构成倒装的条件的only,so,neither,nor,never,hardly,seldom,not,until,had等，还是填do,does,did等。[例13]_______withhardworkcanyouexpecttogetpayrise.(3)由it作形式主语或形式宾语的句式判断，空格处是否填it。如：[例14]…as  32  tookthemjustthreeminutestostealpaintingsbytwoworld-famousartists…(2008年佛山二模)[例15]Datingsitesalsomake   36  easytoavoidsomeonewhomyouarenotinterestedin.(2008年惠州二模)(4)so/such…that…句型。如：[例16]Thismadethegoatsojealous___34___itbeganplottingagainst(谋划对付)thedonkey.(2007年惠州二模)(5)more…than…(与其说……不如说……，比……更……)句型。[例17]Cynthia’sstoryshowsvividlythatpeopleremembermorehowmuchamanagercares  40  howmuchhepays.12 (深圳宝安期末)(二)给出了动词的试题。1、动词不在主语或宾语的位置首先，判断要填的动词是谓语动词还是非谓语动词。然后按以下两点进行思考。若句中没有别的谓语动词，或者虽然已有谓语动词，但需填的动词与之是并列关系时，所给动词就是谓语动词；若是谓语动词，就要考虑时态语态。[例18]Hisfearoffailure____36____(keep)himfromclassroomgamesthatotherchildrenplayedwithjoyousabandon.(2008年深圳一模)[例19]ThatwasdefinitelynotanattractiveideasoIpolitelydeclinedherinvitation,  40 (close)mybookandwalkedaway.(2008年广州一模)[例20]InLogan,threepeople__38__(take)toahospital,whileothersweretreatedatalocalclinic.(梅州二模)2、作主语或宾语，通常用—ing形式表示习惯或一般情况，用不定式表示具体的情况。[例21]…butitisnotenoughonly   35  (memorize)rulesfromagrammarbook.(佛山一模)[例20]_______(speak)outyourinnerfeelingwon’tmakeyoufeelashamed,onthecontrary…3、作目的状语或者在形容词后作状语，一般用不定式。如：[例22]_______(complete)theprojectasplanned,we’llhavetoworktwomorehoursaday.[例23]Somepeoplesaythatoldestchildren,whoaresmartandstrong-willed,areverylikely___33 (succeed).(2008年佛山一模)4、作伴随状语，常用分词，与逻辑主语是主动关系，用现在分词，是被动关系，用过去分词。这样的题一般要特别注意空格前的逗号。[例24]Hesawthestone,  37 (say)tohimself:“Thenightwillbeverydark.”(2008年东莞一模)[例25]Theheadmasterwentintothelab,________(follow)bytheforeignguests.5、不论非谓语动词在句中作何种成分，若判断需要用分词，与逻辑主语是主动关系用—ing形式，是被动关系用—ed形式。[例26]Therewillbeameeting,__40__(start)laterthisyeartoreviewthefilm.(2008年广州二模)[例27] Lessons  39  (learn)insportscanhelpusinourdealingwithotherpeople.(广东考试说明)[例28] ButJaneknewfrompastexperiencethather___36___(choose)oftieshardlyeverpleasedherfather.(2009年广东)(三)词类转换题根据该词在句子所作句子成分确定用哪种形式。①作表语、定语或补语，通常用形容词形式。如：[例29]Theyoungsterimmediatelyfell________(silence)astearsflewdownfromhisbigblueeyes.[例30]Ina________(danger)partoftheseaoffthecoastofNewZealand,theylearntto…[例31]Teachersmusttrytheirbesttomakemostoftheirstudents________(interest)inthesubject.②作主语，或在及物动词或介词后作宾语，用名词形式。[例30]WhenChina’sancientscientificandtechnological________(achieve)arementioned,thenationwillgenerallyrefertotheFourGreatInventions.[例31]Thesepeoplehavemadegreat__39  (contribute)toChinawiththeirwork.(茂名二模)[例32]…theremainsdatefromthisperiodbecauseoftheir__38__(similar)tothosefoundelsewhere.(2008年广州二模)[例33]Withthelargenumbersofstudents,the________(operate)ofthesystemdoesinvolveacertain12 amountofactivity.④修饰动词、形容词、副词，或整个句子，作状语，用副词形式。如：[例34] AsIlooked  32 (close)atthisgirl,Ifountthat…(2008年深圳一模)[例35]Theremustbesomething 40  (serious)wrongwithoursociety.(2008潮州期末)[例36]Singlesareflocking(涌向)totheInternet  33  (main)becausetheirbusylifestylesleavethemlittletime…(2008年惠州三模)[例37]Peoplecertainlyhaveavarietyofreasonsforgoingbacktoschoolbutoneimportantthingtoknowis,noknowledgeis________(use).[例38]Yourmistakecausedalotof________(necessary)workintheoffice.[例39]…therewasalotofinformationaboutthecity’swell-knowntourist   34  (attract)…(2008年广州一模)[例40]Theotherfrogwentonjumpingashardashecould…Hejumpedeven__36_(hard)andfinallymadehimselfout.(2008年期末)四、点睛技巧语法填空要求考生阅读一篇短文，然后按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求完成10道语法填空题。做题要求：一是在空格处填入适当的词；二是使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。1．语法填空的考查范围 (1)语境测试(上下文)； (2)语法测试：动词、名词、代词、冠词、介词、固定搭配、情态动词、复合句、形容词和副词的比较级与最高级及构词法、倒装等。①动词：时态、语态、主谓一致、非谓语动词等；②引导词：一些从句的使用，如定语从句、名词性从句、状语从句等；③形容词、副词、名词、动词之间的词型、词性转换，形容词与副词的比较级、最高级等；④介词：一些常用介词的基本用法、介词短语的用法；⑤名词、冠词：注意名词的单数、复数、可数、不可数以及冠词的特殊性用法；⑥代词：注意代词所指代的对象和前后对应的关系；⑦并列词：and,so,or,otherwise等表示并列、对比的词，以及表示承接、转折的副词therefore,however的用法；⑧句型：要求归纳整理，并且牢固掌握一些基本常用句型，如：not...until...;notonly...but(also)．..;so...that...;not...but...;as...as...;either...or...；more...than...;neither...nor...；such...that...；hardly...when...;nosooner...than...等。2．语法填空的能力要求   (1)阅读/理解语篇的能力；   (2)分析句子结构的能力；   12 (3)熟练运用语法的能力；   (4)单词拼写能力。3.态度要求• 不断记忆，积累词汇• 夯实基础，学好语法• 大声朗读，培养语感• 坚持不懈，多做练习专题一　记叙文型语法填空专题导读记叙文体裁主要是记人、叙事、写景、状物一类的文章，是常见的文体。在语法填空篇章中，其语言特点有1．以一般过去时为主，其他时态为辅。合理使用丰富多彩的谓语动词时态，使文章所叙述的动作具有层次感和立体感。       2．广泛使用动态动词。这些动词的存在会使文章充满“动感”，而这种让往事历历在目的“动感”正是优秀的记叙文所要追求的效果。[2011•广东卷]    OneSundaymorningin  AugustIwenttoalocalmusicfestival.IleftitearlybecauseIhadanappointment__1__(late)thatday.Myfriendswalkedmetothebusstopandwaitedwithme__2__thebusarrived. Igotonthebusandfoundaseatneartheback,andthenInoticedaman__3__(sit)atthefront.He__4__(pretend)thatatigertoywasrealandgivingitavoice.Hemustbe__5__(mental)disabled.Behindhimwereotherpeopleto__6__hewastryingtotalk,butaftersomeminutes__7__walkedawayandsatnearme,lookingannoyed.   Ididn"twanttobelaughedatfortalkingtohimbutIdidn"tlikeleavinghim__8__hisowneither.AfterawhileIrosefrommyseatandwalkedtothefrontofthebus.Isatnexttothemanandintroducedmyself.Wehad__9__amazingconversation.HegotoffthebusbeforemeandIfeltveryhappytherestofthewayhome.    I"mgladImadethechoice.Itmade__10__ofusfeelgood.1．____　2.____　3._____4.______5．____6._____　7.______　8._____9．________　10.________        Eleven¬year¬oldAngelawasstrickenwithadiseaseinvolvinghernervoussystem.Thedoctorsdidnotholdoutmuchhopeofhereverrecovering__1__thisillness.Theypredictedshe’dspendtherestofherlifeinawheelchair.__2__Angelafirmlybelievedthatshewasdefinitelygoingtobewalkingagainsomeday.Thedoctorswerecharmedbyher__3__(defeatable)spirit.Theytaughtheraboutimaging—aboutseeingherself__4__(walk)．Angelawouldworkashardaspossibleinphysicaltherapy(理疗),lyingtherefaithfullydoingherimaging,visualizingherselfmoving,moving,12 moving!Oneday,__5__shewasstrainingwithallhermighttoimagineherlegsmovingagain,__6__seemedasthoughamiraclehappened:thebedmoved!Shescreamedout,“LookwhatI__7__(do)!Look!Look!Icandoit!Imoved,Imoved！”Ofcourse,__8__thisverymomenteveryone__9__inthehospitalwasscreaming,too.ItwastheSanFranciscoearthquake.Butdon’ttell__10__toAngela.She’sconvincedthatshedidit.Andnowonlyafewyearslater,she’sbackinschool.Onherowntwolegs.Nowalkingsticks,nowheelchair.1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________5．________　6.________　7.________　8.________9．________　10.________专题二　说明文型语法填空说明文是对事物的特征、本质、性能、状态，或事物的发生、发展、结果、用途、原理等进行介绍、解释、说明的一种文体。其语言特点有：       1．多用现在时态。因为说明文通常是对客观事物或事理的一种介绍与解释。       2．采用客观描述。说明文一般是对客观存在的说明与介绍，因此，语言的表述也应该尽可能地给人以客观可信的感觉。       分析句子结构是答题过程中很关键的一步。做题时，首先确定句子的主谓宾成分，看看该句子缺不缺谓语动词，然后再考虑非谓语动词或者其他成分。此时，要借助上下文的暗示或明示，确定需要填入词语的词性、形式和功能等。Theairwebreatheisfreelyavailable,withoutwhichwecouldnotsurvivemorethanafewminutes.Forthemostpart,airisavailabletoeveryone,andeveryone__1__(need)it.Somepeopleusetheairtosustainthemwhile__2__(seat)aroundandfeelsorryforthemselves.__3__breatheintheairandusetheenergyitprovidestomake__4__magnificentlife.Opportunityis__5__thesameway;itiseverywhere.Itis__6__freelyavailablethatwetakeitforgranted.Yetopportunityaloneisnotenoughtocreatesuccess,itmust__7__(seize)andacteduponinordertohavevalue.Somanypeoplearesoanxiousto“getin”ona“groundflooropportunity”，asiftheopportunitywilldoalltheworkthat’s__8__(possible)．Justasyouneedairtobreathe,youneedopportunitytosucceed.Ittakesmorethanjustbreathinginthefreshairofopportunity,__9__.Youmustmakeuseofit.That"snotuptotheopportunity,that’suptoyou.Itdoesn’tmatterwhat“floor”theopportunityison,but__10__mattersiswhatyoudowithit.1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________5．________　6.________　7.________　8.________9．________　10.________(一)Twoseedslaysidebysideinthefertilespringsoil.Thefirstseedsaid,“Iwanttogrow!Iwanttosendmyrootsdeepintothesoil__1__me,andthrustmysprouts(芽)__2__theearth’scrustaboveme.Iwanttoopenmytenderbuds(蓓蕾)likebannerstoannouncethe__3__(arrive)ofspring.Iwanttofeelthewarmthofthesunonmyfaceandtheblessingofthemorningdew(露水)onmy12 petals(花瓣)！”Andsoshegrew.Thesecondseedsaid,“Iamafraid.IfIsendmyrootsintothegroundbelow,Idon’tknowwhatI__4__(come)acrossinthedark.IfIpushmywaythroughthehardsoilaboveme,Imaydamagemydelicatesprouts.WhatifIletmybudsopenandasnail(蜗牛)tries__5__(eat)them?And__6__Iweretoopenmyblossoms,__7__smallchildmaypullmefromtheground.No,itismuch__8__(good)formetowait__9__itissafe.”Andsoshewaited.Ayardhenscratchingaroundintheearlyspringgroundforfoodfoundthewaitingseedandimmediatelyate__10__.1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________5．________　6.________　7.________　8.________9．________　10.________(二)Whatwouldyoudoifyoufailed?Manypeoplemaychoosetogiveup.__1__,thesurestwaytosuccessistokeepyourdirectionandstick__2__yourgoal.Onyourwaytosuccess,you__3__keepyourdirection.Itisjustlikealamp,guidingyouindarknessand__4__(help)youovercomeobstaclesonyourway.__5__,youwilleasilygetlostorhesitatetogoahead.Directionmeansobjectives.Youcangetnowhere__6__anobjectiveinlife.   Youcantrytowriteyourobjectiveonpaperandmakesomeplanstoachieve__7__.Onlyinthisway__8__youknowhowtoarrangeyourtimeandtospendyourtime__9__(proper)．Andyoushouldalsohaveabelief__10__youaresuretosucceedaslongasyoukeepyourdirectionallthetime.1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________5．________　6.________　7.________　8.________9．________　10.________(三)Ithappenedthatadoghadgotapieceofmeatandwascarrying__1__homeinhismouth.Now,__2__hiswayhomehehadtocrossaplanklying__3__arunningbrook.__4__hecrossed,helooked__5__andsawhisownshadow__6__(reflect)inthewaterbeneath.Thinkingitwas__7__dogwithanotherpieceofmeat,hemadeuphismindtohavethatalso.Sohemadeasnapat__8__shadowinthewater,__9__asheopenedhismouththepieceofmeatfellout,__10__(drop)intothewaterandwasneverseenmore.Bewarelestyoulosethesubstancebygraspingattheshadow.1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________5．________　6.________　7.________　8.________9．________　10.________12 专题三　议论文型语法填空议论文是一种剖析事物、论述事理、发表见解或提出主张的说理性文章。议论文的目的不仅是客观地解释事物，而且还力图说服读者相信并接受某一观点。       议论文有自己的语言特点，了解了文章整体意思后，要通过字里行间的意思推断作者的观点、意图和立场(同意什么，反对什么，喜好什么，憎恶什么，主张什么等)，这种理解直接决定你的填词。要仔细复读全文，关注自己所填的词语是否符合原意，从语意连贯、逻辑合理的角度，认真复查答案的合理性和正确性。【2011•湖南卷改编】Doesgoingtocollegereallypayoff？Certainly!Iremembertaking__1__Englishclassincollegeontheshortstory.Ourfirstassignmentwastoread__2__shortstoriesandthendiscusswhichonewasbetter.After__3__(read)both，Iwasn’tsure.Overthe__4__severalmonths,myprofessortaughtme__5__onestorywassomuchbetterthantheother.__6__wasrichinmetaphor(隐喻)andcharacterdevelopment,__7__theotherwashumorous__8__tooshallow.Icouldn’tseethisatfirst.Yet,inafewmonths,mybraingotreeducatedand__9__couldseethedifferencebetweengoodandbadwritingandcouldappreciateliteratureatawholenewlevel.Goingtocollegehelpsbuildastrongmind,whichleads__10__greatersuccessinone’slife.1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________5．________　6.________　7.________　8.________9．________　10.________(一)ThefollowingwordswerewrittenonthetombofanAnglicanBishop(主教)intheCryptsofWestminsterAbbey(西敏寺):WhenIwasyoungandfreeandmy__1__(imagine)hadnolimits,Idreamedofchangingtheworld.__2__Igrewolderandwiser,Idiscoveredtheworldwouldnotchange,soI__3__(short)mysightssomewhatanddecidedtochangeonlymycountry.But__4__，too,seemedimmovable.AsIgrew__5__mytwilightyears(晚年),inonelastdesperateattempt,Isettledforchangingonlymyfamily，those__6__(close)tome,__7__alas,theywouldhave__8__ofit.AndnowasIlieonmydeathbed,Isuddenlyrealize:IfIhadonlychangedmyselffirst,thenbyexampleI__9__(change)myfamily.Fromtheirinspirationandencouragement,Iwouldthenhavebeenable__10__(better)mycountryand,whoknows,Imayhaveevenchangedtheworld.1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________5．________　6.________　7.________　8.________9．________　10.________(二)LaoTzuwastravelingwithhisfollowers.Theycametoaforest__1__hundredsofwoodcutterswerecuttingthetrees.__2__wholeforesthadbeencutexceptforonebigtree__3__thousandsofbranches.Itwassobig__4__10,000personscouldsitinitsshade.LaoTzutoldhisfollowers__5__(go)andaskwhythistreehadnotbeencut.Theywentandaskedthewoodcuttersandtheysaid,“Thistreeisabsolutely__6__(use)．Youcannotmakeanythingoutofit12 becauseeverybranchhassomanyknotsinit—nothingisstraight.Youcannotuseitasfuelbecausethesmokeisdangerous__7__theeyes.Thistreeisabsolutelyuseless,andthat’s__8__wehaven’tcutit.”ThefollowerscamebackandtoldLaoTzu.Helaughedandsaid,“Belikethistree.Ifyouareusefulyouwillbecutandyouwillbecomefurnitureinsomebody’shouse.Ifyouarebeautifulyou__9__(sell)inthemarket.Belikethistree,andyouwillgrowbigandvastandthousandsofpeoplewillfindshadeunder__10__.”1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________5．________　6.________　7.________　8.________9．________　10.________     Morethan2000yearsago,therelivedayoungmanintheShoulingareaoftheStateofYan. 31 (lack)self-confidence,hewas 32 alossastohowtobehaveallthetime. 33 thedayswentby,he34(feel)thathiswalkinggesturesweretooclumsyandawkward.      Oneday,hemetsomepeopleontheroadwhowerechattingandlaughing.35ofthemsaidthatpeopleinHandanwalkedmost36(grace).Andthatwasjust37 hewasmostconcernedabout,sohewenttoHandan,38wasfaraway,tolearnhowtowalk.AssoonashearrivedinHandan,helearnedfromthechildrentherehowtowalk,39hethoughtthatthechildren’swalkinggestureswerelively.Helearnedfromtheoldpeopletherehowtowalk,becausehethoughttheoldpeople"swalkinggesturesweresteady.Helearnedfromthewomentherehowtowalk,becausehethoughtthewomen"swavingwalkinggestureswerebeautiful.Thatbeingthecasewithhim,inlessthanhalf40monthheevenforgothowtowalk.Ashehadalreadyuseduphistravelingexpenses,hehadtocrawl12