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- 2022-06-17 15:19:33 发布
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一、如果陈述部分是something,anything,nothing,everything等不定代词作句子主语时,疑问部分的主语用"it"代替;如果陈述部分的主语是someone(somebody),anyone(anybody),noone(nobody),everyone(everybody)等不定代词时,疑问部分的主语用"they"代替。例如:Everythinggoesverywell,doesn"tit?SomethingiswrongwiththatTVset,isn"tit?Someonestolemywatch,didn"tthey?EveryonewenttothezoolastSunday,didn"tthey?Nobodyislateforschool,arethey?注:nothing在陈述部分中若做主语时,疑问部分用肯定形式,若做宾语或表语时,疑问部分用肯定形式或否定形式均可。例如:Nothinghappens,doesit?(nothing做主语)Themanagerknewnothingaboutthatproject,did/didn"the?(nothing做宾语)Sheisnothingtome,is/isn"tshe?(nothing做表语)二、若陈述部分的主语是this,that时,疑问部分的主语用"it"代替;若陈述部分的主是these,those时,则疑问部分的主语用"they"代替。例如:Thisisaninterestingstory,isn"tit?Thoseareyourclassmates,aren"tthey?三、若陈述部分的主语是动词不定式、动名词及从句时,疑问部分的主语用"it"代替。例如:TolearnEnglishwellisveryimportant,isn"tit?Seeingisbelieving,isn"tit?Whatweneedmostnowismoremoney,isn"tit?四、若陈述部分的主语是one时,疑问部分的主语常用"one"代替,偶尔用"you"代替。例如:Onecan"tknowwhatwillhappeninthefuture,canone?/canyou?
Oneshouldlearnmoreknowledgenow,shouldn"tone?/shouldn"tyou?五、若陈述部分是"Therebe"句型结构时,疑问部分的主语用"there";若"there"是和其他成分构成倒装句型时,疑问部分则根据主语的人称和数的一致原则而定。例如:Therearesomeforeignteachersintheirschool,aren"tthere?Therewillbeafootballmatch,won"tthere?Theregoesthebell,doesn"tit?Therecomesthebus,doesn"tit?(原句为Thebuscomesthere.)Therestand/lieseveraltallbuildingsatthefootofthemountain,don"tthey?(原句为Severaltallbuildingsstand/lieatthefootofthemountain.)六、若陈述部分是由neither…nor…,either…or…,both…and…,notonly…butalso…等连词连接的两个名词或代词做句子主语时,疑问部分的主语用复数代词代替。例如:BothLucyandLilycametothisparty,didn"tthey?NotonlyKatebutalsoJanelikesdancing,don"tthey?EitheryouorLiPingisgoingtothemeeting,aren"tyou?七、若陈述部分的主语是"the+形容词"表一类人时,疑问部分的主语用they代替;例如:Thericharenotalwaysveryhappy,arethey?Theyoungshouldrespecttheold,shouldn"tthey?八、疑问部分的主语在人称和数方面要与陈述部分的主语保持一致。例如:Oneofthepolicewomenisstandingoverthere,isn"tshe?Theactressanddirectordecidestosingusasong,doesn"tshe?Thewriterandtheteacherwillcometogiveusatalknextweek,won"tthey?Herbrother"snameisLiMing,isn"tit?
十、若陈述部分以第一人称主语"I/Wedon"tthink(expect,believe,guess,imagine,suppose(让;猜想;假定,以为)等+that-clause"时,反意疑问句要与从句保持一致;若陈述部分是由其他人称代词做主语,反意疑问句则仍与主句保持一致。例如:Idon"tthinkthatshecancome,canshe?Wedon"tthinkthatitwillraintomorrow,willit?Theydon"tthinksheknewanythingaboutit,dothey?Hedoesn"tsupposethatyouareagreatsuccess,doeshe?Youdon"tthinkthatIcanswim,doyou?十二、若陈述部分是"Iam…"时,疑问部分用"aren"tI"?若陈述部分是"I"mnot…"时,则疑问部分用"amI?".例如:Iamfoolish,aren"tI?I"mnotcarefulenough,amI?十四、若陈述部分含有否定意义的词如"no,never,seldom,hardly,none,few,little,rarely,scarcely,neither,neither…nor…,too…to…"等时,反意疑问句的疑问部分则用肯定形式。例如:HehasneverbeentoBeijing,hashe?Thereislittlerainthisyear,isthere?Heistooyoungtolookafterhimself,ishe?Sheisseldomlateforschool,isshe?注1:在"too…to…"句型中若用形容词"glad,pleased,ready,eager"等时,不适用这一原则,因为此时并非表示"否定"含义,对于这点要特别注意。例如:Heistooeagertojointhearmy,isn"the?Sheistoogladtoreceiveadoctor"sdegree,isn"tshe?注2:若否定含义是通过使用前缀(如:un-,in-,im-,dis-,)和后缀(如-less,)等构成时,其反意疑问句的疑问部分仍用否定形式。例如:Youareunfair,aren"tyou?
Hedislikestheseways,doesn"the?十五、若陈述部分"have"表"所有"含义时,疑问部分可用"have"或"do"的相应形式;若表示"经历、遭受、得到、吃"等含义时,疑问部分只能用"do"的相应形式。例如Hehasanewcar,hasn"t/doesn"the?(拥有)Theyhaveameetingeveryweek,don"tthey?(开会)Shehadhisbikemendedyesterday,didn"tshe?(使得)Youallhadagoodtimeattheparty,didn"tyou?(得到)十七、若陈述部分含有"haveto…"这一句型结构时,其疑问部分要根据句意用助动词do的适当形式。例如:It"sdark,wehavetowalkhome,don"twe?Shehastolookafterhersisterathome,doesn"tshe?Hehadtomakealivingbyhimself,didn"the?十八、在陈述部分中,Let"s引导的祈使句若是肯定句,疑问部分用"shallwe?";Let"s引导的祈使句若是否定句,疑问部分用"OK?"或"allright?".例如:Let"sgotoschool,shallwe?Let"snotgotoseethefilm,OK?/allright?十九、陈述部分若为let或其他动词开头的肯定祈使句,表"请求"时,疑问部分用willyou?陈述部分若为否定祈使句时,疑问句部分用willyou?若表示"邀请"、"劝告"等时,则疑问部分用won"tyou?(间或用may/canyou?);。例如:Letmehelpyou,willyou?(表"请求".)Pleaseopenthedoor,willyou?(表"请求".)Don"tbelateforschoolnext,willyou?Don"treadinthesun,willyou?Haveacupoftea,won"tyou?(表"邀请")二十一、若陈述部分有情态动词"must"时,要根据具体情况而定。分述如下:
A、must作"必须"解时,疑问部分用needn"t.例如:Wemuststartearliertomorrow,needn"twe?C、Must表"推测",作"必然"解时,疑问部分则根据must之后的实义动词的时态来确定。例如:Shemustbeanewteacher,isn"tshe?(mustbe表"一般现在是")Theymustbeplayingbasketball,aren"tthey?(mustbeplaying表"现在正在进行时")Youmusthavefinishedyouhomeworknow,haven"tyou?(musthavefinished表"现在完成时")Hemusthavecomebacklastweek,didn"the?(musthavecomeback表"一般过去时态")Theclassroommusthavebeencleanedyesterday,wasn"tit?(musthavebeencleaned表"一般过去时的被动语态")二十二、若陈述部分有"usedto…"这一句型结构时,其反意疑问句的疑问部分用"usedn"t"或"didn"t?".例如:Hisfasterusedtosmokealot,usedn"t/didn"the?Youusedtogetupearly,usedn"t/didn"t?二十三、若陈述部分是"oughtto…"这一句型结构时,其反意疑问句的疑问部分用"oughtn"t"或"shouldn"t".例如:Yououghttoobeytheschoolrules,shouldn"t/oughtn"tyou?Weoughttobegintoworkatonce,shouldn"t/ought"twe?二十四、陈述部分中若"need"用作实义动词时,则疑问部分用助动词do的适当形式;若用作情态动词(在否定句中)时,则疑问部分用need,偶尔用must.例如:Theflowersneedwatering,don"tthey?(需要)YouneedtopracticespeakingmoreEnglish,don"tyou?(需要)Youneedn"ttellhimthisthing,need/mustyou?(必须)Tomneedn"tgothere,need/musthe?
二十五、陈述部分中"dare"若用作实义动词时,其疑问部分用助动词do的适当形式;若用作情态动词(在否定句中),其疑问部分则用dare.例如:Hedarestoswimacrosstheriver,doesn"the?Shedaren"tgooutaloneatright,dareshe?Hedaren"tjumpthetalltree,darehe?二十六、陈述部分有"hadbetter…"这一结构时,其反意疑问句的疑问部分用"hadn"t:,偶尔用"shouldn"t".例如:Youhadbetterputonmoreclothestoday,hadn"t/shouldn"tyou?You"dbettergoandaskyourteacher,hadn"t/shouldn"tyou?You"dbettercleanyourownroom,hadn"tyou?二十七、当陈述部分的主语有缩写形式"d时,要分清是would,could,should还是had的缩写形式;若有缩写形式"s时,要分清是is还是has的缩写。例如:You"dliketogowithher,wouldn"tyou? (You"d=youwould)He"dratherdiethangivein,wouldn"the? (He"d=hewould)Mary"scomingtomorrow,isn"tshe? (Mary"s=Maryis)Peter"sheardthenews,hasn"the? (Peter"s=Peterhas)She"susedtolivinginthecountry,isn"tshe(She"s=Sheis)二十九、若陈述部分是主从复合句,则疑问部分的主语要根据主句的主语而定。例如:ShewascookingwhenIcamehome,wasn"tshe?Itwon"tmatterifI"mlateforsupper,willit?Youknowthatnoteveryonecanoperatethemachine,don"tyou?HesaidthathehadbeentoNewYork,didn"the?三十、当陈述部分有"Itis/wasthefirst(second,third,etc)time+that从句"这一结构时,其反意疑问句的疑问部分要与"Itis/was"保持一致。例如:Itishightimethatyouwenttoschool,isn"tit?
Itwasthesecondtimethathehadbeeninlovethatyear,wasn"tit?