初中英语语法：介词与反身代词 、 动词与反身代词 (介词 ) 2 3页

介词+反身代词/动词＋反身代词(＋介词)英语中反身代词与不同的介词搭配，可构成意义不同的习惯用语，学习者对如何选用这些习语感到困难。其实，这些习惯用语的意义往往与介词的意义有联系，一旦见多了，对每个习语所表达的意思和所使用的语境便熟悉了，用起来就不会感到困难。现将这类习惯用语分述如下：介词+反身代词1.（all）byoneself"单独地，独自地""1)Theymadethemodelmachinesallbythemselves.2)Youcancompletethetaskbyyourself.3）Shediditallbyherself.这件事是她独立完成的。　　4）Thelittlegirlwrotetheletterallbyherself.那封信是小女孩独自写成的。　　5）Shelikestotakeawalkbyherself.她喜欢独自散步。　　6）Thehousestandsallbyitselfonthehill.那所房子孤零零地耸立在山顶上。（byoneself主要含义为""独自儿、亲自""，没有别人帮助，相当于alone;ofoneself是指不受外界事物干涉而自行完成的动作，常用在不及物动词之后）2.ofoneself""自行地""自发，自动，自然而然1)Thefirediedofitself.2)Thebabywokeupofhimselfallofasudden.3）Youneednotcallhim;hewillwakeupofhimself,他不必叫他，他自己会醒的。　　4）Theenemywillnotperishofhimself.敌人不会自行消灭。　　5）Thefirewentoutofitself.火是自己熄灭的。3.foroneself""亲自，为自己，代表自己"；独自地第-3-页共3页 1)Doyouhaveanythingtosayforyourself?2)Onecannotdosuchathingforoneself.3）Hekeptthebookforhimself.他把这本书留给自己用。　　4）Ihavesomethingtosayformyself.我有要辩白的话。5）Heisoldenoughtodoitforhimself.他年龄够大了，可以独自做这件事了。　　6）Onecan"tdosuchathingforoneself.这样的事情独自一个人是做不成的。（foroneself一般表示“为自己”的意思）4.tooneself含有“暗自（在心中）的意思，常与动词think,say,talk,tell等连用。1)Theboysaidtohimself."Imuststudyhard.""2)Thisdictionaryisusedtohimself.3）Hehasaroomtohimself.他独住一间房。　　4）Wehadthewholecompartmenttoourselves.这个车箱就只有我们几个人。5）Ibegantosaytomyself,"Whataboutbecominganactor?"我开始暗自思量，“去当演员好不好？”　　6）Heappearedtobetalkingtohimself.他似乎在自言自语。（tooneself则强度调“供某人独自用”和“暗自”的含义）5.amongthemselves(ourselves,yourselves)一起,共同之间Theywerearguingamongthemselves.他们在一起争论6.besideoneself(with...).....得要命,失常,发狂.Onhearingthegoodnews,hewasbesidehimselfwithjoy.一听到这个好消息,他简直欣喜若狂.7.betweenourselves(=betweenyouandme;betweenyou,meandthegatepost)私下谈;不和外人谈第-3-页共3页 Thismatterisbetweenourselves.这件事别对外人讲.8..inoneself本质,本身实际上,就其本质而言1）Thebookisreallyasmalllibraryinitself.那部书本身是个小图书馆。　　2）Hetoldusnottolosefaithinourselves.他告诉我们不要失去自信心。3）Wateriscolourlessinitself.水本质是无色的.9..inspiteofoneself不由自主地Ilaughinspiteofmyself.我不由自主的笑起来.动词＋反身代词(＋介词)beoneself（人）处于正常状态，没有毛病cannothelponeself不能自制，情不自禁cometooneself恢复知觉devoteoneselfto致力于dressoneself自己穿衣enjoyoneself过得快活，玩得高兴explainoneself说明自己的意图expressoneself表达自己的思想、意见feeloneself觉得正常helponeselfto随便吃、随便用hideoneself隐藏自己loseoneself迷路makeoneselfathome不受拘束sayforoneself为自己找借口saytooneself心里想seatoneself坐下talk/speaktooneself自言自语teachoneself自学thinktooneself心中想第-3-页共3页