初中英语语法--并列句的用法(学生版) 8页

初中英语语法—并列句的用法一、并列句的构成：并列句是由并列连词and，but，or，for，so等把两个或两个以上互不依从，但意思紧密联系的简单句连在一起而构成的句子。其结构为：简单句+并列连词+简单句。二、并列句的分类：1.表示同等关系的并列句这类并列句常用并列连词and连接前后简单句，and常译为“和”、“并且”，也可不译出来。例如：Helikesplayingfootballandheplayswell.他喜欢踢足球，并且踢得很好。LastyearlmetKateandwebecamefriends.去年我和凯特相遇，我们成了朋友。2.表示转折关系的并列句这类并列句常用并列连词but(但是)，yet(可是)，while(而，另一方面)，however(可是)等连接前后简单句，but常译为“但是”，“可是”，切不可与从属连词though或although一起使用。例如：Ithasnomouth,butitcantalk.它没有嘴巴，但是它会说话。Schoolisover,yetalltheteachersarestillworking.学校放学了，可是老师们仍然在工作。Hewantstobeawriter,whileIwanttobeascientist.他想当作家，而我则想当科学家。It"sraininghard,however,wemustgoout.雨下得很大，然而我们必须出去。3.表示选择关系的并列句这类并列句常用并列连词or(或者，否则)等连接前后简单句。or有两重含义：(1)译为“或者”，表示选择。例如：Nowyoucanhavearestoryoucangotothecinema．现在你可以休息，或者去看电影。(2)译为“否则”、“要不然”，表示条件。例如：Youmusttellthetruth，oryouwillbepunished．你必须说真话，否则你将会受到惩罚。4.表示因果关系的并列句这类并列句常用并列连词for，so等连接前后简单句。(1)for在意义上与从属连词because，since和as相同，但它们引导的是原因状语从句，而for则连接两8 简单句，前者表示结果，后者表示原因。其结构为：简单句(结果)+for+简单句(原因)。例如：Hehasmanygoodfriends,forheisanhonestman。他有许多好朋友，因为他是个诚实的男子汉。(2)so意为“因此”、“所以”，但不能与because同时出现在同一个句子中。因为because是从属连词，而是并列连词，用来连接并列句。其结构为：简单句(原因)+so牛简单句(结果)。例如：Mr.Liwenttohishometown,soMr.Wangwastakinghisclassinstead．李老师回家乡去了，所以王老师替二课。5.其他形式的并列句(1)“祈使句+and+简单句”。其中祈使句表示一个条件，并列连词and引导的简单句则表示一个较好的结果，谓语常用一般将来时。例如：Useyourhead,andyouwillfindaway．动脑筋，你就会想出办法来。(2)“祈使句+or+简单句”。祈使句表示一个条件，并列连词or后的简单句则表示一个不愉快或不理想的结果。例如：Studyhard,oryouWillfallbehindtheothers．努力学习，否则你就会落于别人。(3)“either...or”结构表示“不是……就是……”，“或者……或者……”，例如：Eithermyunclecandoit,ormyauntcandoit.我叔叔可以做那件事，或者我婶婶也可以做。习惯上将两个句子合并成Eithermyuncleormyauntcandoit.(4)“notonly…butalso”意思为“不仅……而且……”，例如：notonlythestudentshavemissedtheschoolcar,butalsotheteacherhasmissedtheschoolcar.不仅学生，而且他们的老师都误了校车。(5)“neither…nor…”结构，意为“既不……也不……”，“两者都不……”，用法与（转载自中国教育文摘http://www.edUzhai.net，请保留此标记。）either…or…,notonly…butalso…相同。三、使用并列句要注意的几种情况1.并列句有时可不用连词，而用分号隔开(前后句之间的关系须相当紧密)。例如：Wefishedallday;wedidn"tcatchafish.我们钓了一天的鱼，一条鱼也没钓到。2.并列连词后的简单句如果与其前的简单句有相同的部分，则相同的部分常可省略。例如：Myfatherworksinafactoryandmymotherinaschool.我父亲在工厂工作，母亲在学校工作。3.由so,nor,neither连接的并列句，后一简单句为避免重复,其成份常倒装并省略一些。例如：Heisnotastudent,noramI.他不是学生,我也不是。8 Beibeicanswim,socanI.贝贝会游泳,我也会。四、并列句练习题一、单项选择1Workhard,_____youwillpasstheduringtest.A.orB.butC.becauseD.and2Stopcuttingtrees,_____theearthwillbecomeworseandworse.A.andB.thenCbutD.or3TheyboughtGrannyapresent____shelikeditverymuch.A.andB.soC.but4TheyallwenttothecinemaIdidn"t.A.getB.orC.butD.so5—Hello,Mr.Huang!—I"msorry,Idon"tthinkIknowyou.A.andB.orC.butD.because6Thelittleboyisveryyoung_____hecanlookafterhimselfwell.A.SoB.butC.ifD.or7Billputhishandsbehindhisback,____nobodycouldseehishands.A.soB.andC.orD.but8NeitheryounorI_____fromCanada.WearefromAustralia.A.isB.areC.amD.be9—Wegetknowledge____frombooks_____fromlife.—Yes,bothareimportant.A.either；orB.notonly；butalsoCneither；norD.not；but10.Mr.BrownknowslittleJapanese,hecan"tunderstandtheinstructionsonthebottleOfthepills.（2003年河北省中考题）A.soB.orC.butD.for11.—Canyouplayfootball?—Yes,Ican,Ican"tplayverywell.（2003年北京市海淀区中考题）A.orB.andC.soD.but12.Thewarwasoveraboutthreemonthsago,_____theAmericansoldiersinIraqarestillhavingalotoftroubletodealwith.（2003年上海市中考题）A.orB.andC.butD.so13.Youmustworkhard,_____youwillfallbehind.（2003年黑龙江省中考题）8 A.andB.butC.soD.or14.Takeexerciseeveryday,____youwillbecomestrongerandstronger.（2003年河南省中考题）A.orB.andC.butD.while15.Workhard,you"resuretobesuccessfulinthisexam.（2005西宁）A.andB.orC.butD.so16.—WillyoucomeonMondayorTuesday?—I"mafraiddayispossible.I"llbebusynextweek.A.eitherB.neitherC.both17.LilyLucymaygowithyoubecauseoneofthemmuststayathome.（2005吉林）A.Notonly;butalsoB.Neither;norC.Both;andD.Either;or18.Becarefulwithyourmachine,you"llbehurt.（2005内蒙古）A.andB.butC.orD.so19.—Didn"tyougiverosestoyourfatheronFather"sDay?—Oh,notonlymyfather,mygrandpagotredroses.（2005包头）A.orB.andC.butD.until20.—Howdoyoulikethetwopairsofshoes?—Theydon"tfitmewell.Theyaretoobigtoosmall.（2005河南）A.notonly;butalsoB.both;andC.neither;norD.either;or21.(2009•泰安)—Canyouhelpmewithmybusiness?—I’dliketo,____Ihaveameetingtoattend.A.becauseB.asC.butD.and22.(2009•福州)—Ihear____yourgrandpa____yourgrandmalikewatchingMinOpera.—Right,justasmanyoldpeopledoinFuzhou.A.both;andB.either;orC.neither;norD.notonly;butalso23.Workhard,____you’llpasstheEnglishexamthistime.A.orB.butC.becauseD.and24.It’sanicehouse____ithasn’tgotagarden.A.andB.orC.butD.so25.(2009•江西)Helpotherswheneveryoucan____you’llmaketheworldanicerplacetolive.A.andB.orC.unlessD.but8 26.—Ihavelostmypen.—Usemypen.____.A.HereyouareB.HereareyouC.HereisitD.Heretheyare27.Hurry,____weshallbelateforschool.A.andB.orC.butD.so28.Sheaskedmetogo,____Iwent.A.forB.soC.butD.or29.Thetraindidn’tstop____madeusstayatschooluntil7o’clockinthemorning.A.butB.soC.anditD.or30.Shedidn’tliketoplaybasketball,____helikessinginganddancing.A.orB.butC.andD.so二、在空格中填入适当的连词。1．Shetriedhard,shewasunsuccessful.2．Putonmoreclothes,youmaycatchcold.3．Youmaydoityourselfleaveittome.4．Intheolddayshecouldreadwrite.5．HecouldreadFrenchspeakitwell.6．Thereislittlehopeofsuccessthereisnoharmintrying.7．Heknewnothingagainsttheman;hedidn’ttrusthim.8．Ican’tbuyanewsuitnow,thisoldonewillhavetodoforabitlonger.9．Ididn’tknowEnglish,Ihadtoasksomeonetobemyinterpreter.10.ShemustbefromHunan,onlyHunanesetalkinthatway.11.Youwalkaheadyouknowthewaybetter.12.Shedoesn’thavetodoitshedoesn’twantto.13.hewasgoingoverthenotes,hemadeanimportantdiscovery.14.Hegotmoreandmoreexcitedhetalkedon.15.Givemearingyouneedmyhelp.16.Wecan’tgiveyouananswerwegetinstructionsfromourgovernment.17.youtakethemedicineyou’llfeelbetter.18.Theyfoughtbravelytheyknewtheirswasajustcause.8 19.Hewentonfightinghewasinjuredintheleg.20.Thingsdidn’tgosmoothlywehadexpected.三、翻译下列句子。1.努力学习，你会成功的。2.赶快，否则我们会迟到的。3.我正要出去，这时他来了。4.他一到达火车站，火车就开了。5.他是一个好学生，每个人都喜欢他。6.他一个错误也没犯。7.众所周知，他是一个著名的科学家。8.听到这个消息，他们很高兴。9.直到他开始工作，他才意识到自己是错的。10.无论怎样努力，她都无法把门打开。8 并列句强化训练题一.用适当的并列连词填空（and，but，so，for，or）。1．Goalongthestreet，_______you"llfindtheshop．2．Theweatherwasverycold，_______manypeoplewereill．3．Peoplethinkwelookthesame，_______Icanseethatwe"redifferent．4．Iknowhim_______ Ican"trememberhisname．5．Youmaygowithhim_______ stayathome．6．Let"stakethestoneaway，_______theremaybeanaccident．7．Theshopwasquitenew，_______ithadopenedonlytheweekbefore．8．Myglasseswerebroken，_______Ineedanewpair．二.选择填空。1.—Becareful,youwillmakemistakesinyourexams．—Iknowthat,Mum.Onecanneverbetoocareful．A．andB．orC．norD．but2.Workhard,youmaycatchupwithyourclassmatessoon.A.orB.butC.andD.yet3.—WilltheforeignershaveanyproblemstalkingwithChineseinBeijingin2008?—Idon’tthinkso.NowtheyoungtheoldarelearningtospeakEnglish.A.only,exceptB.either,orC.neither,norD.notonly,butalso4.youheisabletoski,butIam.A.Both,andB.Notonly,butalsoC.Either,orD.Neither,nor5.I’dliketogoshoppingwithyou,I’mtoobusytoday.A.butB.andC.soD.or6.—WhoinTom’sfamilywillcometoyourbirthdayparty?—EitherTomanyofhissistersiscoming.A.andB.butC.orD.nor7.—Youwatchedthefashionshowlastnight,didn’tyou?—Yes,Imissedthebeginning.A.soB.andC.butD.then8.LucyLilymaygototheconcertwithyou,becausetheyarenotallowedtogooutonschoolnights.A.Either;orB.Neither;norC.Both;andD.Notonly;butalso9.—Somebodyiswaitingoutside.Hewantstoseeyou.8 —nooneknowsI’mhere.A.ForB.AndC.ButD.So10.Hurryup,youwillbelateforthefilm.A.yetB.andC.butD.or11．Workhard，_______you"llcatchupwithothers．  A．and    B．but      C．or     D．for12．Bequick，_______you"llbelateforthefootballmatch．  A．so     B．but      C．and     D．or13．WeboughtGrannyapresent，_______shedidn"tlikeit．  A．but    B．and      C．when    D．if14．Thatwasourfirstlesson，_______shedidn"tknowallournames．  A．for    B．but      C．so      D．or15．Theboyisonlyten，_______hecandosomewashinghimself．  A．though   B．but     C．or   D．so16．Heislisteningtothemusic_______ sheiswashingclothes．  A．after    B．before     C．that     D．while17．Heisrich，_______heisn"thappy．  A．or      B．so      C．and     D．but18．_______Saturday_______ SundayisOK．Iwillbefreeinthesetwodays．  A．Either；or   B．Neither；nor    C．Both；and   D．One；theother19．Mr．Zhangfeltverytired，_______heneededagoodrest．  A．and    B．so     C．or     D．but20．_______humanbeings（人类）_______animalscanlivewithoutair．  A．Notonly；butalso  B．Both；andC．Either；orD．Neither；nor21．—Haveyougotanybrothers _______sisters？—Ihaveasister．  A．nor   B．or    C．but    D．for22．Bequick，_______you"llbelateforthefootballmatch．  A．so    B．but    C．and    D．or23．JimisanAmerican，_______hecanspeakverygoodChinese．  A．if    B．so     C．but     D．because8