深圳英语初一英语语法资料 60页

　　　　2011年初一英语暑假课程资料Rita编此资料归阳关英语内部所有60　 　　　　语法篇60　 　　　　语法一：句子成分课前15分：Ihavecities,buttherearenotanyhousesinthem.Ihaveforests,butnotanytreesinthem.Ihaverivers,butthereisnotanywaterinthem.WhatamI?___________一、句子的定义句子的定义:句子是包含主语和谓语部分的一组词。它有一定的语法结构和语调，用以表达一个比较完整的独立的概念。句子的各个组成部分叫做句子成分.句子是按照一定的语法规律组成的，表达一个完整的意义。一个句子一般由两部分构成，即主语部分和谓语部分，这两部分也叫做句子的主要成分。现代汉语里一般的句子成分有六种，即主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语和补语。英语的基本成分有七种：主语（subject）、谓语（predicate）、表语（predicative）、宾语（object）、定语（attribute）、状语(adverbial)和补语（complement）。句子成分是句子中起一定功用的组成部分。1）主语：是一句的主体，是全句述说的对象，常用名词，数词或代词担任，一般放于句首。如：Studentsstudy.(学生学习。)Wearefriends.(我们是朋友)这两句话中单词students是个名词，we是代词，它们在句中做主语。2）谓语：是对主语加以陈述，表示主语的行为或状态，常用动词或者动词词组担任，放在主语的后面。如：Studentsstudy.(学生学习。)Wearefriends.(我们是朋友)这两句话中单词study和are都是动词，study叫做实意动词，are叫做be动词，它们在句中作谓语。3）宾语：表示行为的对象，常由名词或者代词担任。放在及物动词或者介词之后。如：Theyareteachers.(他们是老师。)Iplaywithhim.(我和他一起玩。)这两句话中单词teachers是名词，单词him是带词，它们在句中作宾语。4）定语：是用来说明或者限制名词的成分，常用形容词或者相当于形容词的短语或从句担任。形容词放在名词之前，相当于形容词的短语或从句放在名词的后面。如：Thisisaredsun.(这是个红太阳.)Heisatallboy.（他是个高个子男孩。）60　 　　　　这两句话中单词red和tall都是形容词，它们作定语。5）状语：是用来说明动词，形容词，副词或整个句子的成分。常由副词担任。修饰动词时可以放在动词之前，也可以放在动词之后；修饰形容词或副词时放在它们之前。如：Thestudentsstudyhard.(这些学生学习努力。)Ioftenwritetohim.(我常给他写信。)Thebagistooheavy.(这个书包太重了。)这三句话中单词hard和often修饰的都是动词，第三句话中单词too修饰的是形容词，它们都作状语。6）表语：用来说明主语的性质或状态，跟在系动词后。一般由名词或者形容词担任。如：Thistableislong.(这个桌子是长的。)通常情况下,主语和宾语前的成分是定语，谓语前的成分是状语，时间词作状语放在句子后面。句子的成分分布如下：（定语）主语（状语）谓语（定语）宾语（状语）如：(Thetall)boy(often)go(tothebig)zoo.(Thehappy)child---went(his)homeyesterday.二、句子的种类和类型句子按其用途可分为四个种类:1、陈述句2、疑问句3、祈使句4、感叹句句子按其结构可分为四种型式:1、简单句(simplesentences),由一个主语部分和一个谓语部分组成。2、并列句(compoundsentences)，由两个或两个以上的分句组成。3、复合句(complexsentences)，由主句和其他从句组成。4、并列复合句(compoundcomplexsentences)，即含有复合句的并列句。三、基本句式句子用词准确、合乎语法规范是一篇文章最起码的要求。英语句子虽然千变万化，但就一个简单句来说，其基本结构不外乎以下五种：1、ＳＶ主语+谓语该句型中的谓语为不及物动词，其后不带宾语，但可以根据实际需要带上一个合适的状语，状语的位置可放在句首、句中或句尾，一般以句尾为多见。谓语动词的前面根据需要还可加上适当的情态动词或助动词。如果多个谓语动词并列，可用and,but等并列连词将它们连接起来。此句型的句子有一个共同特点，即句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做不及物动词，后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。谓语动词在人称和数上须与主语保持一致。60　 　　　　Ｓ│Ｖ（不及物动词）1.Thesun│wasshining.太阳在照耀着。2.Themoon│rose.月亮升起了。3.Theuniverse│remains.宇宙长存。4.Weall│breathe,eat,anddrink.我们大家都呼吸、吃和喝。5.Who│cares?管它呢？6.Whathesaid│doesnotmatter.他所讲的没有什么关系。7.They│talkedforhalfanhour.他们谈了半个小时。8.Thepen│writessmoothly这支笔书写流利。2、ＳＶＰ（主＋系＋表）此句型的句子有一个共同的特点：句子谓语动词都不能表达一个完整的意思，必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语，才能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做连系动词。be,look（看起来），sound（听起来），smell（闻起来），taste（尝起来），feel（摸起来，感到），seem（似乎，好像），appear（显得，好像），remain（仍是），keep（保持），become（变得，成为），turn（变得，成为），get（变得），go（变得）等表示状态和变化的词，而充当表语的词语则有名词、形容词、副词、介词短语和非谓语动词等。be本身没有什么意义,只起连系主语和表语的作用。其它系动词仍保持其部分词义。Ｓ│Ｖ（是系动词）│Ｐ1.This│is│anEnglish-Chinesedictionary.这是本英汉辞典。2.Thedinner│smells│good.午餐的气味很好。3.He│fell│inlove.他堕入了情网。4.Everything│looks│different.一切看来都不同了。5.He│isgrowing│tallandstrong.他长得又高又壮6.Thetrouble│is│thattheyareshortofmoney.麻烦的是他们缺少钱。7.Ourwell│hasgone│dry.我们井干枯了。8.Hisface│turned│red.他的脸红了。Therebe结构：Therebe表示‘存在有’。这里的there没有实际意义，不可与副词‘there那里’混淆。此结构后跟名词，表示‘（存在）有某事物’试比较：Thereisaboythere.（那儿有一个男孩。）/前一个there无实意，后一个there为副词‘那里’。3、ＳＶＯ（主＋谓＋宾）此句型句子的共同特点是：谓语动词都具有实义，都是主语产生的动作，但不能表达完整的意思，必须跟有一个宾语，即动作的承受者，才能使意思完整。这类动词叫做及物动词。宾语位于及物动词之后，一般同主语构成一样，不同的是构成宾语的代词必须是‘代词宾格’，如：me，him，them等。若动词不及物则须在动词后再加上合适的介词，如Whatareyoulookingfor?在这类结构中，宾语是动作的承受者。常见的充当宾语的词语和结构有；名词、代词、非谓语动词和从句等。Ｓ│Ｖ（及物动词）│Ｏ60　 　　　　1.Who│knows│theanswer?谁知道答案？2.She│smiled│herthanks.她微笑表示感谢。3.He│hasrefused│tohelpthem.他拒绝帮他们。4.He│enjoys│reading.他喜欢看书。5.They│ate│whatwasleftover.他们吃了剩饭。6.He│said│"Goodmorning."他说："早上好！"7.I│want│tohaveacupoftea.我想喝杯茶。8.He│admits│thathewasmistaken.他承认犯了错误。4、ＳＶｏＯ（主＋谓＋间宾宾语＋直宾宾语）有些及物动词可以有两个宾语，如：give给，pass递，bring带，show显示。这两个宾语通常一个指人，为间接宾语；一个指物，为直接宾语。间接宾语一般位于直接宾语之前。一般的顺序为：动词+间接宾语+直接宾语。如：Givemeacupoftea,please.强调间接宾语顺序为：动词+直接宾语+介词+间接宾语。如：ShowthishousetoMr.Smith.若直接宾语为人称代词：动词+代词直接宾语+介词+间接宾语。如：Bringittome,please.Ｓ│Ｖ（及物）│ｏ（多指人）│Ｏ（多指物）1.She│ordered│herself│anewdress.她给自己定了一套新衣裳。2.She│cooked│herhusband│adeliciousmeal.她给丈夫煮了一顿美餐。3.He│brought│you│adictionary.他给你带来了一本字典。4.He│denies│her│nothing.他对她什么都不拒绝。5.I│showed│him│mypictures.我给他看我的照片6.I│gave│mycar│awash.我洗了我的汽车。7.I│told│him│thatthebuswaslate.我告诉他汽车晚点了。8.He│showed│me│howtorunthemachine.他教我开机器。5、ＳＶＯＣ（主＋谓＋宾＋宾补）此句型的句子的共同特点是：动词虽然是及物动词，但是只跟一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思，必须加上一个补充成分来补足宾语，才能使意思完整。宾语补足语：位于宾语之后对宾语作出说明的成分。宾语与其补足语有逻辑上的主谓关系，它们一起构成复合宾语。名词/代词宾格+名词Thewarmadehimasoldier./战争使他成为一名战士.名词/代词宾格+形容词Newmethodsmakethejobeasy./新方法使这项工作变得轻松.名词/代词宾格+介词短语Ioftenfindhimatwork./我经常发现他在工作.名词/代词宾格+动词不定式Theteacheraskthestudentstoclosethewindows./老师让学生们关上窗户.名词/代词宾格+分词Isawacatrunningacrosstheroad./我看见一只猫跑过了马路.Ｓ│Ｖ（及物）│Ｏ（宾语）│Ｃ（宾补）1.They│appointed│him│manager.他们任命他当经理。2.They│painted│thedoor│green.他们把门漆成绿色60　 　　　　3.This│set│them│thinking.这使得他们要细想一想。4.They│found│thehouse│deserted.他们发现那房子无人居住。5.What│makes│him│thinkso?他怎么会这样想？6.We│saw│him│out.我们送他出去7.He│asked│me│tocomebacksoon.他要我早点回来。8.I│saw│them│gettingonthebus.我看见他们上了那辆公共汽车。句子练习句子成分练习题(一)(一).指出下列句中主语的中心词。①Theteacherwithtwoofhisstudentsiswalkingintotheclassroom.②Thereisanoldmancominghere.③Theusefuldictionarywasgivenbymymotherlastyear.④Todotoday"shomeworkwithouttheteacher"shelpisverydifficult.(二)选出句中谓语的中心词。①Idon"tlikethepictureonthewall.A.don"tB.likeC.pictureD.wall②Thedaysgetlongerandlongerwhensummercomes.A.getB.longerC.daysD.summer③Doyouusuallygotoschoolbybus?A.DoB.usuallyC.goD.bus④Therewillbeameetingatthelibrarythisafternoon.A.willbeB.meetingC.thelibraryD.afternoon⑤Didthetwinshaveporridgefortheirbreakfast?A.DidB.twinsC.haveD.breakfast⑥Tomdidn"tdohishomeworkyesterday.A.TomB.didn"tC.doD.hishomework⑦WhatIwanttotellyouisthis.A.wantB.totellC.youD.is⑧Wehadbettersendforadoctor.60　 　　　　A.WeB.hadC.sendD.doctor⑨Heisinterestedinmusic.A.isB.interestedC.inD.music⑩Whomdidyougivemybookto?A.giveB.didC.whomD.book(三)挑出下列句中的宾语。①Mybrotherhasn"tdonehishomework.②PeopleallovertheworldspeakEnglish.③Youmustpaygoodattentiontoyourpronunciation.④Howmanynewwordsdidyoulearnlastclass?⑤Someofthestudentsintheschoolwanttogoswimming,howaboutyou?⑥Theoldmansittingatthegatesaidhewasill.⑦Theymadehimmonitoroftheclass.⑧Goacrossthebridgeandyouwillfindthemuseumontheleft.⑨Youwillfinditusefulafteryouleaveschool.⑩Theydidn"tknowwho"FatherChristmas"reallyis.(四)挑出下列句中的表语。①Theoldmanwasfeelingverytired.②WhyisheworriedaboutJim?③Theleaveshaveturnedyellow.④SoonTheyallbecameinterestedinthesubject.⑤Shewasthefirsttolearnaboutit.(五)挑出下列句中的定语。①TheyuseMr,Mrswiththefamilyname.②Whatisyourgivenname?③OnthethirdlapareClass1andClass3.④Iamafraidsomepeopleforgottosweepthefloor.⑤Themandownstairswastryingtosleep.⑥Iamwaitingforthesoundoftheothershoe!(六)挑出下列句中的宾语补足语。60　 　　　　①Shelikesthechildrentoreadnewspapersandbooksinthereading-room.②Heaskedhertotaketheboyoutofschool.③Shefounditdifficulttodothework.④TheycallmeLilysometimes.⑤IsawMrWanggetonthebus.⑥DidyouseeLiMingplayingfootballontheplaygroundjustnow?(七)挑出下列句中的状语。①Therewasabigsmileonherface.②Everynightheheardthenoiseupstairs.③HebegantolearnEnglishwhenhewaseleven.④Themanonthemotorbikewastravellingtoofast.⑤Withthemedicineboxunderherarm,MissLihurriedoff.⑥Shelovesthelibrarybecauseshelovesbooks.⑦Iamafraidthatifyou"velostit,youmustpayforit.⑧ThestudentsfollowedUncleWangtoseetheothermachine.(八)划出句中的直接宾语和间接宾语。①Pleasetellusastory.②Myfatherboughtanewbikeformelastweek.③MrLiisgoingtoteachushistorynextterm.④Hereisapen.GiveittoTom.⑤Didheleaveanymessageforme?句子成分练习题(二)一．指出下列句子中划线部分的句子成分：1.Whetherwe’llgodependontheweather.2.People’sstandardsoflivingaregoingupsteadily.3.Thatwashowtheyweredefeated.4.Thenurserytakesgoodcareofourchildren.5.I’llreturnthebooktoyoutomorrow.60　 　　　　6.Wearesurethatweshallsucceed.7.Thewomanwithababyinherarmsishisother.8.TherearemanyfilmthatI’dliketosee.9.Haveyoumetthepersonaboutwhomhewasspeaking?10.Ihavealotofworktodo.11.AnywayIwon’tstopyoufromdoingit.12.Isaiditinfun.13.Wecansendacarovertofetchyou.14.Shehadtoworkstandingup.15.Seeingthis,somecomradesbecameveryworried.16.Muchinterested,heagreedtogiveitatry.17.Thebusarrivedtenminuteslate.18.Weshouldservethepeopleheartandsoul.19.Springcomingon,thetreeturnedgreen.20.Somefarmerssawsomethingstrangeinthesky.21.Wethinkitnecessarythateveryoneshouldattendthemeeting.22.It’sstrangethatshedoesn’tcometoday.23.ItwasinthelibrarythatIcometoday.24.Helikesdrawingattimeswhenheisn’tworking.25.Weleftinsuchahurrythatweforgottolockthedoor.二．划出句子成分。1.TheybothspeakEnglishwellenough.2.Hebroughthomesomepineapplesyesterdayafternoon.3.Pleasedon’tleaveyourkeysathomeagaintoday.4.TheTVtowerstandsinthecenterofthecity.5.Mymothergetsupveryearlyeverymorning.6.Shelearnseverythingquickly.60　 　　　　7.Theyareplayingbasketballoutside.8.Wecanclimbthemountainearlytomorrowmorning.9.Thosearestudentsfromourschool.10.Itseemsverycoldtoday.语法二：名词课前15分：1.Thereisawordoffivelettersfromwhichyoucantaketwoawayandleaveone.Doyoukonwwhatitis?(帮我翻译下这个句子再回答）2.Whyisaroomfullofmarriedpeopleempty?(帮我翻译下这个句子再回答）3.ThedaybeforethedaybeforeyesterdayisthreedaysafterSaturday.Whatdayistoday?一、名词的分类名词可分为普通名词和专有名词两大类。1.普通名词：某类人或事物的名称或者指某种抽象概念。在所有名词中占大多数。如：abookadriverahouse2.专有名词：指一个人或事物所特有的名称，具体的地点、人物、机构、国家和地区等。如：ChinaNewtonLondon等。二、名词的数名词单数变复数具体规则如下：1.规则变化60　 　　　　①一般名词后加s；如：boy—boys,pen—pens等；②以s,x,sh,ch结尾的，在词尾加es.如：class—classes,但stomach的复数为stomachs.③以辅音字母加y结尾的，把y变为i，再加es.如：baby—babies.④以f或fe结尾的名词把f或fe改为v，再加es.如：knife—knives,half—halves,leaf—leaves,wolf—wolves.⑤以o结尾的名词，有生命的加es，如：tomato—tomatoes;无生命的加s，如：photo—photos2.不规则变化①man—men,woman—women,foot—feet,tooth—teeth,child—children,mouse—mice;②单复数形式相同，如:sheep—sheep,deer—deer,Japanese—Japanese,Chinese—Chinese等；③有些名词形式上是单数，实为复数意义，通常被称为复数名词，如：people,police等；④有些名词只有复数形式，如：clothes,trousers,glasses,chopsticks等。⑤数词加名词作定语时，常采用数词+单数名词形式，如：atwo-weekholiday,an8-yearoldgirl,另一种常见的形式有：fiveminutes’walk,twodays’leave等。⑥另外被man或woman修饰的名词变复数时，man和woman放在另一个名词前面，则两个名词都要变复数。如：amandoctor—twomendoctors,awomanteacher—twowomenteachers由-man和-woman构成的合成词，即man和woman放在另一名词后，则只把man和woman变为复数即可。如：Englishwoman—Englishwomen,policeman—policemen，注意：German不是合成词，故复数形式为Germans.3.不可数名词没有复数形式，要表示不可数名词的数量，可以用以下两种方法：①用much,alittle,alotof/lotsof,some,any等修饰不可数名词；②可用表示单位的词修饰不可数名词，如：apieceofpaper,twopiecesofpaper,abottleoforange,aglassofjuice,threebagsofrice.一、名词的格1.表示有生命的东西（人或动物）的名词所有格一般在名词后加’s,如：myfather’sstudy.2.加’s的规则：①以s或es结尾的复数名词的所有格，只在名词后加’.如：theteachers’readingroom;②不以s结尾的复数名词所有格要加’s.如：thewomen’sshoes;③如果一样东西为两人所共有，则只在后一个名词的后面加’s；60　 　　　　①如果不是共有的，则两个名词后面都要加’s.2.表示无生命的东西，一般用of+名词的结构。如：amapofChina.特殊用法：1、几种特殊的复数形式名词①有些表示由两部分构成的东西和部分学科的名词，总以复数的形式出现。如：glass(眼镜)，shorts(短裤),physics(物理学)，politics(政治学)，pants(裤子)，gloves(手套)，mathematics(数学),jeans(牛仔裤)，shoes(鞋子)等。②只用复数形式的名词短语如：doexercises做运动taketurns轮流takenotes做笔记makerepairs修理asfollows如下changetrains换车hurtone’sfeelings伤害某人的感情makefriendswith…和…交朋友shakehandswith…同…握手③有些复数形式的名词表示特别的意义。如：papers文件，manners礼貌，goods货物，times时代，conditions环境，情况等。④单、复数意义不同的名词haveawordwithsb同某人说句话makecloth织布havewordswithsb同某人吵架makeclothes制衣2.、集体名词的数一般来说family,class,team等做主语时，作为整体概念时，谓语动词用单数；作为个体概念时，谓语动词用复数。3、双重所有格1.双重所有格的概念及用法①表示部分概念，of短语修饰的名词前通常有表示数量的限定词，如：a,an,one,two,some,several,afew,many,any,no等。①双重所有格与of所有格不同（注意进行对比）针对练习一、写出下列名词的复数形式。60　　　　　1、orange2、class3、text4、monkey5、piano　6、child7、shelf8、bed9、country60　 　　　　10、family11、toy12、foot13、Japanese14、radio15、photo16、army17、tomato18、fox19、woman20、knife22、shee18.mandoctor19.womannurse20.girlstudents60　　　　　二、翻译下列词组。60　　　　　1.一些桃子_________________2.五袋大米_________________3.八只脚_________________4.二十颗牙齿_________________5.三瓶果汁_________________6.我的自行车_________________7.教师节_________________8.妇女节_________________9.二张纸_________________10．四个男医生_________________11.四十个女警察_________________12.十二把小刀_________________13.九个德国人_________________14.许多孩子_________________15.七颗梨树_________________16.一副世界地图_________________17.Helen的朋友_________________18.双胞胎的妈妈_________________60　　　　　三、按要求改写下列句子，并翻译成中文。60　　　　　1.Thereisanorangetreeinthegarden.(变为复数句)2.Sheisagoodteacher.(改为复数句)3.Ihavesomeinterestingstorybooks.(改为单数句)4.Therearesomewomenteachersoverthere.(改为单数句)5.–Whatisit?–It’sabook.(改为复数句)___________________________60　　　　　60　　　　　四、单项选择()1.Johnbought＿＿＿forhimselfyesterday.A.twopairsofshoesB.twopairofshoeC.twopairofshoesD.twopairsshoe()2.–Whatwouldyouliketohaveforlunch,sir?–I’dlike＿＿＿.A.chickenB.achickenC.chickensD.thechicken()3.Therearefive＿＿＿inourfactory.A.womandriverB.womendriverC.womandriversD.womendrivers60　 　　　　()4.Thepostofficeisabitfarfromhere.Itisabout＿＿＿.A.thirtyminutes’swalkB.thirtyminute’swalkC.thirtyminutess’walkD.thirtyminuteswalk()5.＿＿＿turnyellowinautumn.A.LeafB.LeavesC.LeaveD.Leafs()6.Willyoupleaseshowmethewaytothe＿＿＿shop?A.shoeB.shoes’C.shoesD.shoe’s()7.＿＿＿hardworkitis!A.WhataB.HowC.WhatD.Howa()8.Hisfamily＿＿＿ahappyone.A.beB.areC.isD.was()9.Imettwo＿＿＿inthestreetyesterdaymorning.A.GermanB.AustralianC.AmericanD.Japanese()10.Sheneeds＿＿＿＿＿＿.A.aglasswaterB.twoglassesofwaterC.twoglassesofwatersD.twowaters()11.There________some________intheriver.A.is,fishB.are,fishsC.is,fishsD.are,fish()12.Therearefour__________andtwo____________inthegroup.A.Japanese,GermenBJapaneses,GermenC.Japanese,GermanC.Japanese,Germans()13.That’a_________artbook.A.anB.aC.theD.are()14.Theboyshavegot______________already.A.twobreadB.twobreadsC.twopiecesofbreadD.twopieceofbread()15.Theoldmanwants_______________.A.sixboxesofapplesB.sixboxesofappleC.sixboxofapplesD.sixboxsofapples60　　　　　五、用所给单词的正确形式填空。60　　　　　1.Howmany＿＿＿＿＿＿(sheep)arethereonthehill?2.Thereissome＿＿＿＿＿＿(food)inthebasket.3.Thebabyhasonlytwo＿＿＿＿＿＿(tooth)now.60　 　　　　4.Thereisalotof＿＿＿＿＿＿(water)inthebottle.5.Therearefive＿＿＿＿＿＿(people)inhisfamily.语法三：冠词的用法课前15分：猜猜词义()1.What’stheChinesefor“sixofoneandhalfadozenoftheother?”A.六分之一B.人云亦云C.半斤八两D.见一面分一半()2.Wedon’twantit.It’s“awhiteelephant.”Whatisit?A.一件无用而累赘的东西B.一头白象C.白给的东西D.白色陷阱()3.What’stoomuchfortwoandjustrightforone?A.TimeB.AsecretC.friendD.Aroom()4.What’stheChinesefor“talkbig”.A.吹牛B.说谎话C.骂人D.很大()5.IknowthatfromAtoZ.A.从A到IB.从头到尾C.字母表D.距离很远()6.What’sthat?That’salilyIlikeitverymuch.A.girl’snameB.flowerC.pictureD.cup有趣的翻译：Apleasantpeasantkeepsapleasantpheasantandboththepeasantandthepheasantarehavingapleasanttimetogether.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________冠词的定义冠词是置于名词之前，对名词起限制作用的一种虚词。冠词可以说是名词的一种标志，它不能离开名词而独立存在。冠词的分类冠词分为不定冠词"a，an"、定冠词"the"和零冠词三种，零冠词指的是不用冠词的情况。不定冠词表示泛指，定冠词表示特指。一．不定冠词的用法不定冠词有"a和an"两种形式。"a"用在以辅音开头的词前，"an"用在以元音60　 　　　　开头的词前。判断一个词是以元音开头还是以辅音开头，是根据读音而不是根据字母。1.用于可数名词的单数形式前，表示"一"Thereisatigerinthezoo.动物园里有一只老虎。2.表示"某一个"的意思Agentlemanwantstoseeyou.有一位先生要见你。3.表示"同一"的意思Theyarenearlyofanage.他们几乎同岁。Thetwoshirtsaremuchofasize.这两件衬衫大小差不多。4.表示"每一"的意思Wegoswimmingfourtimesaweek.我们每周去游泳四次。5.用在作表语的单数可数名词前，表示身份、职业Mymotherisateacher.我妈妈是教师。6.第一次提到的人或事物，但不特别指明是哪一个Longlongagotherewasanoldkingwhohadaverybeautifuldaughter.很久很久以前，有一个年老的国王，他有一个非常美丽的女儿。7.在英国英语中，以"h"开头的多音节词，如第一个音节不重读，其前亦可用"an"Thereisanhotelnearhere.这附近有一家旅馆。8．与某些不可数名词连用，表示“一次，一会儿，一下，一类”Didyouhaveagoodtimethere？9.与序数词连用表示“再一次”Areyougoingtotryathirdtime?你打算再试一次吗？10.与形容词最高级连用表示“一个极其…的…”Sheisamostbeautifulgirl.她是一个非常美丽的女孩。注意：冠词与名词连用总是置于名词前，若名词有形容词修饰，冠词通常置于形容词之前。例外：1.形容词前有so,as,too,how修饰时，不定冠词放在形容词之后名词之前。Itwassowarmadaythatwedecidedtogotothesea.Itwastoogoodachancetobemissed.2.在指示代词such和感叹词what总是置于不定代词a之前。Don"tbeinsuchahurry.Whataprettygirlsheis!3.many可置于不定冠词之前，后跟单形名词。Ivebeentheremanyatime.我到过那儿很多次了。Ihaveheardmanyayounggirlsaythat.我听过许多姑娘说这种话。4．副词quite和rather可置于不定冠词a之前，亦可置于其后。置于前时语气较强。置后语气较弱。Heisquiteagoodactor.他是一个相当好的演员。That"saquitesurprisingresult.这种结果有些令人吃惊。5.不定代词all,both和副词double须置于定冠词the之前。Allthebirdswereasleep.Iofferedhimdoubletheamount,buthestillrefused.我给他两倍的钱，但他还是不接受。both后的定冠词常可以省去。Both(the)manweretalkinginlowvoices.6.half和twice均置于不定冠词a和定冠词the之前。60　 　　　　You"veonlyheardhalfthestory.Hepaidtwicethepriceforit.不定冠词常见搭配60　　　　　alotof许多acoupleof一对agreatdealof大量atadistance间隔一段距离agreatmany很多cometoanend结束atatime每次一次inaway在一定程度上haveawordwith跟某人说句话afterawhile过了一会儿allofasudden突然asarule通常asaresult结果，因此asamatteroffact事实上asawhole大体上ataloss不知所措inaway在某种程度上inaword总而言之It’sapitythat令人遗憾的是…putanendto…结束…takeawalk散步haveagoodtime玩得愉快havearest休息一下haveacold感冒haveawordwith和…谈一谈makeafoolof愚弄inahurry急忙keepaneyefor对…有鉴赏力makealiving谋生makeafire生火cometoaconclusion得出结论adozen一打（但也可以用onedozen）60　　　　　二．定冠词的用法1.用以特指某（些）人或某（些）事物ThisisthehousewhereLuxunoncelived.这是鲁迅曾经住过的房子。2.用于指谈话双方都明确所指的人或事物Openthedoor,please.请把门打开。3.用以复述上文提过的人或事物（第一次提到用“a或an”，以后再次提到用“the”）Oncetherelivedalionintheforest.Everydaythelionaskedsmallanimalstolookforfoodforhim.从前森林里住着一只狮子。每天这只狮子要小动物们为他寻找食物。4.用在序数词和形容词最高级前Januaryisthefirstmonthoftheyear.一月份是一年当中的第一个月。ShanghaiisthebiggestcityinChina.上海是中国最大的城市。5.表示世界上宇宙中独一无二的事物thesun太阳themoon月亮theearth地球thesky天空theworld世界6.指由普通名词构成的专有名词theWestLake西湖theGreatWall长城theUnitedStates美国theUnitedNations联合国7.表示方向、方位intheeast在东方inthewest在西方inthefront在前面attheback在后面inthebottom在底部atthetop在顶部ontheright在右边ontheleft在左边8.在海洋、江河、湖泊、山脉、海峡、海湾等地理名词前thePacificOcean太平洋theHuangheRiver黄河theTainshanMountains天山山脉theTaiwanStraits台湾海峡9.在姓氏复数前，表示一家人TheBakerscametoseemeyesterday.贝克一家人昨天来看我。60　 　　　　10.和某些形容词连用，使形容词名词化，代表一类人或物thepoor穷人therich富人thesick病人thewounded伤员thegood好人thebeautiful美丽的事物11.用在表示阶级、政党的名词前theworkingclass工人阶级theChineseCommunistParty中国共产党12.用在thevery，theonly强调句中ThisistheverybookIwant.这就是我想要的那本书。就是恰恰是Thegirlistheonlychildinthefamily.那女孩是家里的独生女。唯一的13.在themore,themore比较级的句式中Themoreyoudrink,themoreyoulikeit.你越喝就越爱喝。14.表示演奏乐器时，乐器的前面要加theplaythepiano弹钢琴playtheviolin拉小提琴15.某些固定的表达法inthemorning在早上intheafternoon在下午inthedistance在远处intheevening在晚上gotothecinema去看电影intheend最后终于gotothetheatre去看戏alltheyearround一年到头forthemoment暂时onthewayto前往...去的路上intheway碍事妨碍bytheway随便说一下againsttheclock抢时间puttheclockback倒退16.the加单数可数名词可以表示一类人或事物Thehorseisausefulanimal.马是一种有用的动物。注意：像这类句子还有如下两种写法Ahorseisausefulanimal.Horsesareusefulanimals.17.当动作对象为人身体的某一部位时，英语的习惯用法是用“某人”作动词的宾语，再用“介词+定冠词+身体部位。”Shekissedhermotheronthecheek.(√)Shekissedhermotheronhercheek.(×)18.表历史时期事件等。TheIronAge铁器时代theTreatyofVersailes凡尔赛条约19.表报刊书籍及其它。TheTimes泰晤士报theParadiseLost失乐园三．零冠词的用法1.专有名词前一般不加冠词China中国Europe欧洲LeiFeng雷锋WilliamShakespeare威廉·莎士比亚2.月份、周日、节日前一般不加冠词January一月份Sunday星期日ChristmasDay圣诞节Thanksgiving感恩节NationalDay国庆节MayDay劳动节比较：...onaSundaymorning.在一个星期天的早晨...（表示某一个。）3.三餐、四季前一般不加冠词Ihavelunchatschool.我在学校吃午餐。60　 　　　　Summeristhebestseasonforswimming.夏天是游泳的好季节。比较：Ihadabiglunchyesterday.昨天我吃了一顿丰盛的午餐。（表示某一个）ThedinnergivenbyMrSmithwasverynice.史密斯先生款待的晚宴真是美味。（表示特指）比较：IwillneverforgetthesummerwespentinHawaii.我永远不会忘记我们一起在夏威夷度过的那个夏天。（表示特指）4.进行球类运动playbasketball打篮球playvolleyball打排球playfootball踢足球5.没有特指的物质名词Thiscartismadeofwood.这辆手推车是用木头作的。比较：Thewoodoutsidewasallwet.外面的那些木头都湿了。（表示特指）6.没有特指的不可数抽象名词Timeisprecious.时间是宝贵的。比较：Thetimeoftheplaywas1990s.这个剧本的时代背景是二十世纪九十年代。（表示特指）7.没有特指的可数名词复数形式后。Iliketomatoes.我喜欢西红柿。8.山峰MountQomolangma珠穆朗玛峰9.固定词组gotoschool去上学gotobed上床睡觉gobytrain乘火车去gobyboat乘船去attable在用餐inhospital住院atschool求学inschool求学atnoon在中午atnight在晚上atmidnight在半夜intown在城里10.独立结构中的名词不加冠词Aboycamein,bookinhand.一个男孩进来，手上拿着书。11.泛指人类Manismortal.人必有一死。12.在"kindof＋名词sortof＋名词"句式中Whatkindofflowerisit?这是什么花？Ilikethissortofbook.我喜欢这种书。13.指职位、头衔的词，如king，captain，president，chairman等。Heis(the)captainoftheteam.他是球队的队长。As(the)chairmanofthecommittee,Ideclarethemeetingopen.作为委员会主席，我宣布会议开始。冠词和三餐的搭配三餐名词单独使用时，之前通常不加冠词三餐名词之前若加形容词时则除外：Wehavebreakfastateight．我们8点钟吃早饭。Hegaveusagoodbreakfast．他请我们吃了一顿丰盛的早餐。Theweddingbreakfastwasheldinherfather’shouse．婚礼早宴是在她父亲家举行的。♫定冠词和零冠词的易混搭配60　 　　　　attable在进餐atthetable在桌子旁边atdesk在读书atthedesk在课桌旁atschool在上学attheschool在学校里inclass在上课intheclass在班级里面inbed卧床inthebed在床上inprison坐牢intheprison（因事）在监狱inhospital住院inthehospital（因事）在医院gotoschool去上学gototheschool（因事）去学校gotobed上床睡觉gotothebed在床上gotohospital去看病gotothehospital去医院takeplace发生taketheplace代替inplaceof代替intheplaceof在...的地方incaseof万一inthecaseof就...来说outofquestion毫无疑问outofthequestion完全不可能60　　　　　冠词习题训练♫1.冠词填空：在下列句中空白处填入适当冠词，不需用冠词处划×。1．Thereis_______pictureof_______elephanton_______wall．2．Thisis_______usefulbook．I"vereaditfor_______hour．3．_______elephantismuchheavierthan_______horse．4．_______doctortoldhimtotake_______medicinethreetimes_______day．5．Let"sgooutfor_______walk．6．It"stoohot．Open_______door，please．7．Thereis_______womanoverthere．_______womanisMeimei"smother．8．_______sunrisesin_______east．9．_______ChangjiangRiveris_______longestriverin_______China．10．Areyougoingtodoit_______secondtime？11．Washingtonis_______capitalof_______USA．12．_______Turnersarelivingattheendof_______TurnerStreet．13．Hejoinedthearmyin_______springof_______1995．14．_______oldmanis_______teacher．Helikesplaying_______basketballafter_______supper．15．AfterIhad_______quickbreakfast，Ihurriedtoschool．16．Are_______sheepkeptby______farmersforproducing_____wooland______meat？17．Theywentto______People"sPark，butwebothwentto_____People"sCinemayesterday．18．Ioftenwatch_______TVin_______evening．19．_______dayof_______December20，1999isMonday．20．Tomorrowis_________ChristmasDay.21．Ithink_______mathsismoreimportantthananyothersubject．22．Heoftengoesto_______schoolby_______bike．23．Whatdoesthis_______wordmean，_______Father？24．What_______importantnews！2.选择填空。1．—DoesJimhave_______ruler？  —Yes，hehas_______．60　 　　　　  A．an；some  B．a；one  C．a；／  D．any；one2．Thereis_______oldbike．_______oldbikeisMrZhao"s．A．an；The  B．the；AnC．a；The  D．the；The3．_______appleadaykeepsthedoctorsaway．A．The   B．A   C．An   D．Two4．—Howmanybooksdoyouhave？  —Ihave_______book．That"s_______Englishbook．A．a；anB．a；oneC．one；an  D．one；one5．AtthattimeTomwas_______one-year-oldbaby．A．a     B．an     C．the     D．／6．_______tigeris_______China．A．The；a   B．A；the   C．The；from   D．The；the7．Wecan"tsee_______sunat_______night．A．the；theB．the；／  C．a；／     D．／；／8．_______usefulbookitis！A．Whatan   B．Howa    C．Whata   D．What9．Oneafternoonhefound_______handbag．Therewas_______“s”onthecornerof_______handbag．A．a；an；the    B．a；a；the   C．an；an；an  D．the；a；a10．_______oldladywithwhitehairspoke_______Englishwellat_______meeting．A．An；an；a  B．The；／；anC．The；／；a  D．The；／；the11．_______GreatWallis_______longestwallintheworld．A．A；a   B．The；the   C．A；the   D．The；a12．_______newbridgehasbeenbuiltoverHuangpuRiver．A．The；aB．A；／      C．A；the   D．An；the13．_______womanoverthereis_______popularteacherinourschool．A．A；an  B．The；a     C．The；theD．A；the14．Heusedtobe_______teacherbutlaterheturned_______writer．A．a；a   B．a；the     C．／；a    D．a；／15．Theymadehim_______king．A．a     B．the     C．an    D．／16．Hisfatheris_______Englishteacher．Heworksinourschool．A．a     B．an      C．the   D．／17．Ishe_______Americanboy？A．an    B．a       C．one   D．／18．DoesTomoftenplay_______footballafter_______school？A．／；／B．／；the  C．the；／  D．a；／19．Theypassedourschool_______daybeforeyesterday．A．an     B．one      C．a      D．the20．Australiais_______English-speakingcountry．A．a      B．an       C．the    D．／21．Shehas_______orangeskirt．_______skirtisnice．A．a；TheB．an；The  C．an；A  D．the；The22．Thisis_______apple．It"s_______bigapple．60　 　　　　A．an；a  B．a；the   C．a；an   D．an；the23．Lookat_______horseoverthere．A．a      B．an       C．the     D．／24．Don"tplay_______basketballhere．It"sdangerous．A．a      B．an       C．／      D．the25．Thereis_______oldwomaninthecar．A．／     B．the      C．a       D．an26．Beijingis_______beautifulcity．It"s_______capitalofChina．A．a；a   B．the；theC．／；theD．a；the27．Shanghaiisin_______eastofChina．A．／     B．an       C．a       D．the28．I"vebeenastudenttherefornearlytwoand_______halfyears．A．a      B．an       C．the     D．／29．Billis_______Englishteacher．Helikesplaying_______football．A．a；theB．an；the  C．a；／   D．an；／30．Themuseumisquitefar．Itwilltakeyouhalf_______hourtogetthereby_______bus．A．an；／B．an；a    C．a；／   D．／；／语法四：形容词的用法课前15分：★KeyWords:Pleasefindoutthewordsyouhavelearnt!CACTRAPYUESURFACEQSAGDUEJKRPROGRESSDFGVROVERFISHARKZXCVBNMATWEDRILLASDFGHJKLBQRWQRPIIECRTCOLLAPSEYIUMTYFOEHRTAYUAIPMNOEIZIFYAWIQAPSDYFGOEHTJYSEQEXPLOSIVENMOALYKDERGKBVCXUZIRASTTDFGPRESENTYULIBOPLHHKJHDHHJLTREWEQRASDLOWERCNKORFGHJKLAMNBYVACXVDULLHGWFDSTFACTORAZCAGEKJKILSLIPPOOITUYJDIVERATQWCOMEDYEIRT60　 　　　　SKATEHSDFGRNHJKLMSNBLQNANZFDQUEUESAZXTCVUUTBRYGHJKWHALELPEOI形容词用来修饰名词，放在名词前面；副词可以修饰形容词、动词及副词，修饰动词时放在动词后面。eg:Sheisabeautifulgirl.她是一个漂亮的女孩。（形容词+名词）Sheisverybeautiful.她非常漂亮。（副词+形容词）Hewalksquickly.他走得快。（动词+副词）Werunveryquickly.我们跑得很快。（副词+副词）注意：be动词和感官动词look（看起来），sound（听起来），smell（闻起来），taste（尝起来），feel（摸起来）等动词后接形容词。eg.Bequielt.保持安静Shelookssad.她看起来伤心。形容词比较级和最高级讲解（一）形容词、副词比较级和最高级的构成：1.单音节词和少数双音节词比较级和最高级的规则变化：规则原级比较级最高级1.在词尾后直接加-er/esttalltallertallest2.词尾是e，只加-r/stnicenicernicest3.以辅音字母加y结尾的，把y变i再加-er/esthappyhappierhappiest4.重读闭音节，末尾只有一个辅音字母，双写这个辅音字母，再加-er/estthinthinnerthinnest2.其他双音节词或多音节词,在该词前面加-more/mostbeautiful—morebeautiful—(the)mostbeautiful3.由形容词加ly构成的双音节词和多音节词,都是在该词前加-more/most.quickly—morequickly—(the)mostquicklydifficultly—moredifficultly—(the)mostdifficultly4.不规则变化:good/wellbetterbest60　 　　　　bad/illworseworstmany/muchmoremostlittlelessleastoldolder（指新旧）oldestelder（指年龄）eldestfarfarther（指距离）farthestfurther（指程度）furthest（二）形容词、副词比较级和最高级的用法：1.原级的用法:1）甲=乙：甲＋be＋as＋原级＋as＋乙,用于两者之间对比，意思为“……和……相同”TomisashonestasJack.Tom和Jack一样诚实。Herskinisaswhiteassnow.Mydogisasoldasthatone.2）甲不如乙：甲＋benot＋as/so＋原级＋as＋乙Heisnotas(=so)tallasI.他没我高。Theweatherhereisnotas(=so)coolastheweatherinHarbin.3）甲是乙的几倍：甲＋be＋数词＋times＋as＋原级＋as＋乙Thisroomisfourtimesaslargeasthatone.这间房比那间房大四倍。2.比较级的用法:1）甲＞乙或甲＜乙：甲＋be＋比较级＋than＋乙SusanishappierthanJane.Hisbrotherisyoungerthanme.BeijingismorebeautifulthanOsaka.形容词比较级前还可以用much,even,still,alittle，far,alot,abit,muchmore来修饰。very,so,too,quite不能修饰比较级。2）数字+形容词、副词比较级+thanI’mtwoyearsolderthanyou.Sheisaheadtallerthanme.3）比较级+and+比较级，表示“越来越……”Theearthisgettingwarmerandwarmer.Chinabecomesmoreandmorestronger.60　 　　　　4）the+比较级，the+比较级结构，表示“越……就越……”ThemoreIstudyit,themoreIlikeit.5）which/who+is+比较级，AorB?Whichcityisbigger,BeijingorTianjin?Whoishappier,youorme?6)比较级+than+anyother+单数名词+（介词）；表示“比同一范围的任何一个人/物都---”，含义是“最---”Mikegetstoschoolearlierthananyotherstudentinhisclass.7)the+比较级+ofthetwo/pair+---;表示“---是两者中最---的”Lookatthetwoboys.Mybrotheristhetallerofthetwo.3.最高级用法：用于三者及以上的人或事物的比较,最高级前加the，最高级前有物主代词，序数词和名词所有格时，不加定冠词，后面跟带in或of表范围的短语。1）主语+be+oneofthe+最高级+复数名词+in/of短语---；表示“---是---中最---之一”ShanghaiisoneofthemostbeautifulcitiesinChina.Ourcityisoneofthesafestcitiesintheworld.Mostpeoplelikeapples.2)主语+be+the+最高级+单数名词+in/of短语---；表示“---是---中最---的”Tomisthetallestinhisclass.(ofallthestudents)3）序数词+最高级HainanIslandisthesecondlargestislandinChina.HuangheisthesecondlongestriverinChina.同义句转换：最高级意义的表达方法例句最高级Sheisthebestinherclass.比较级Sheisbetterthananyotherstudentinherclass.Nootherstudentinherclassisbetterthanshe.原级Nootherstudentinherclassisasgoodasshe.特殊：1)形容词最高级前一般都用定冠词，但当形容词最高级前有物主代词时，则不用定冠词。e.g.：Todayismyhappiestday.今天是我最高兴的一天。60　 　　　　Givemybestregardstoyourfamily.请代我向你们全家问好。2)most有时与形容词连用，前面用不定冠词或不用冠词，意为“非常，很，极其”，用来加强语气。这时它不表示最高级的概念。e.g.:Heisamostfriendlyfellow.他是个极其友好的人。巩固习题训练1．写出下列形容词的变化形式（1）tall（比较级）（2）large（比较级）（3）busy（最高级）（4）thin（最高级）（5）delicious（比较级）（6）much（比较级）（7）good（最高级）（8）far（最高级）2．句型转换（1）ShanghaiisthelargestcityinChina.（变同义句）ShanghaiisthancityinChina.（2）Thisdressismorebeautifulthanthatblouse.（变同义句）Thatblouseisnotasthisdress.（3）Thechocolateisverydelicious.（变感叹句）thechocolateis!（4）Hewassohappythathecouldn’tsayaword.（变同义句）Hewashappysayaword.（5）Wemustclosethewindowswhenweleave.（变同义句）Wemustthewindowswhenweleave.3．选择填空．（1）Shealwaysbuysclothesthoughsheisrichenough.A．cheapB．goodC．expensiveD．beautiful（2）Nowtheairinourtownisthanitusedtobe.Somethingmustbedonetostopit.A．verygoodB．muchbetterC．ratherbadD．evenworse（3）—Whichis,thesun,themoonortheearth?—Ofcourse,themoonis.A．smallB．smallerC．smallestD．thesmallest（4）Themoreexerciseyoudo,theyouwillbe.60　 　　　　A．weakerB．healthierC．luckierD．worse（5）ThepopulationofChinaisthanofanyothercountryintheworld.A．larger;theoneB．more;thatC．larger;thatD．more;theone（6）—Thesemooncakesaredelicious.—Yes.ButIthinktheoneswithnutsareofall.A．deliciousB．moredeliciousC．themostdeliciousD．thedelicious（7）Idon’tthinktheycandoasaswedo.A．bestB．betterC．goodD．well（8）Thesmileonmyfather’sfaceshowedthathewaswithme.A．sadB．pleasedC．angryD．sorry（9）Jonelookssotodaybecauseshehasgotan“A”inhermathstest.A．happyB．happilyC．angryD．angrily（10）Thisbookisn’tsoasthatone.It’shardtoread.A．newB．difficultC．easyD．easier（11）AllthestudentsinourclassareoverfifteenexceptLiLei.Heisinourclass.A．youngerB．theoldestC．badD．worse（12）—Whatdeliciouscakes!—Theywouldtastewithbutter.A．goodB．betterC．badD．worse（13）Inourcity,it’sinJuly,butitiseveninAugust.A．hotter;hottestB．hot;hotC．hotter;hotD．hot;hotter（14）Youngboysreallygrowfast.BothofmysonsarealreadythanIam.A．shorterB．smallerC．clevererD．taller（15）Thebookis.Mostoftheteachersareinit.A．interesting;interestedB．interesting;interestingC．interested;interestingD．interested;interested4．拓展练习1．按要求写句子（翻译句子）（1）英语和数学同样重要．Englishisimportantmath.（2）在这两个女孩中，露西的个子比较高．60　 　　　　Lucyisofthetwogirls.（3）他买了一件漂亮的蓝色新衬衫．Heboughtashirt.（4）北京变得越来越美丽了．Beijingbecomesbeautiful.5.根据句意，用所括号内所级形容词的比较等级形式填空：1.Mr.Smithis_________maninthisoffice.(rich)2.Winteris_________seasonoftheyears.(cold)3.Thisradioisnotso________asthatone.(cheap)4.Itismuch_______todaythanyesterday.(hot)5.Sheisalittle________thanherclassmates.(careful)6.________peoplecametothemeetingthanlasttime.(many)7.Whichbookis________,thisoneorthatone?(easy)8.Myroomis_______thanyours.(small)9.Hainanis_______fromBeijingthanHunan.(far)10.Skatingis_______thanswimming.(exciting)11.Thingsaregetting_______and_______.(bad)12.Thehigheryouclimb,the_______itwillbe.(cold)13.Nowhislifeisbecoming________and_______.(difficult)14.Thereare_______boysthangirlsinourclass.(few)语法五：分数/小数的用法课前15分：下面是一道经典的英语填空题，注意所有空格均为同一个单词：_________isgreaterthanGod._________ismoreevilthantheDevil.60　 　　　　Thepoorhave_________.Therichneed_________.Ifyoueat_________,youwilldie.分数表示法1.分数是由基数词和序数词一起来表示的。基数词作分子，序数词作分母，除了分子是“1”以外，其它情况下序数词都要用复数形式。3/4threefourths或threequarters1/3onethird或athird24/25twenty-fourtwenty-fifths31/4threeandonefourth或threeandonequarter1/2ahalf1/4onequarter或aquarter11/2oneandahalf11/4oneandaquarter2.当分数后面接名词时，如果分数表示的值大于1，名词用复数；小于1，名词用单数。11/2hours一个半小时（读作oneandahalfhours）23/4meters二又四分之三米（读作twoandthree-fourthsmeters）4/5meter五分之四米5/6inch六分之五英寸3.表示“n次方”的说法：指数用序数词，底数用基数词。10的7次方theseventhpoweroften（tentotheseventhpower）6的10次方thetenthpowerofsix（sixtothetenthpower）分数的其它表达形式：1.分子与分母之间加in,分子在前，分母在后，分子分母都用基数词。如：oneinten十分之一，fiveineight八分之五。2.分子与分母之间加outof,分子在前，分母在后，分子分母都用基数词。如：oneoutoften十分之一，fiveoutofeight八分之五小数表示法1.小数用基数词来表示，以小数点为界，小数点左首的数字为一个单位，表示整数，数字合起来读；小数点右首的数字为一个单位，表示小数，数字分开来读；小数点读作point，o读作zero或o〔ou〕，整数部分为零时，可以省略不读。0.4zeropointfour或pointfour零点四10.23tenpointtwothree十点二三25.67twenty-fivepointsixseven二十五点六七60　 　　　　l.03onepointothree一点零三2.当数字值大于1时，小数后面的名词用复数，数字值小于1时，小数后面的名词用单数。1.03meters一点零三米0.49ton零点四九吨l.5tons一点五吨加减乘除表示法1.“加”用plus，and或add表示；“等于”用is，make，equal等词表示。2+3=?可表示为：Howmuchistwoplusthree?2+3=5Twoplusthreeisfive．Twoandthreeisequaltofive．Twoandthreemakefive．Twoaddedtothreeequalsfive．Ifweaddtwoto/andthree,wegetfive．二加三等于五2.“减”用minus或takefrom表示10－6＝?Howmuchistenminussix?10-6=4Tenminussixisfour．Takesixfromtenandtheremainderisfour.Six(taken)fromtenisfour．十减去六等于四3.“乘”用time（动词）或multiply表示3X4＝?Howmuchisthreetimesfour?3X4=12Threetimesfouris/aretwelve．Multiplythreebyfour，wegettwelve．Threemultipliedbyfourmakestwelve．三乘以四等于十二4.“除”用divide的过去分词形式表示16÷4=?Howmuchissixteendividedbyfour?16÷4＝4Sixteendividedbyfourisfour．Sixteendividedbyfourequals/gives/makesfour．十六除以四等于四。60　 　　　　数词习题训练一(     )1.Lincolnwasbornon________. A.February12,1809 B.1809,February12  C.1809,12February  D.February1809,12(     )2.A_______boycansingtheEnglishsongverywell. A.ten-year-old   B.tenyearsold   C.ten-year-old    D.fifthyearsold(     )3.Anhourlater,_____ministerwassenttoseethe“magiccloth”wovenbythosetwomen. A.two    B.thesecond    C.thetwo     D.second(      )4.AbrahamLincolnwas_______PresidentoftheUnitedStates. A.16    B.the16     C.16th     D.the16th(     )5.Doyouthinkthereisanyroomforus________? A.two    B.thetwo    C.second    D.thesecond(     )6.Howmanystudentsarethereinyourclass?          ________. A.Twentynine    B.Thirtyandtwo    C.Forty-five    D.fifties(      )7.Whichnumberiswrong?_______. A.Ninety    B.Ninteen     C.Ninth     D.Nineteenth(      )8.ThePeople"sLiberationArmywasfounded_______. A.onAugust1,1927  B.in1927,1August  C.onAugust1st,1927  D.inAugust1,1927(     )9.Thenumber4,123isread_______. A. fourthousandonehundredandtwenty-three B.fourthousandandonehundredtwenty-three C. fourthousandandahundredandtwenty-three D.fourthousandsahundredandtwenty-three(     )10.Theoldprofessorstillworkshardthoughheis_________. A.inhissixty   B.inhissixties    C.insixties    D.inthesixty(     )11.Thisclassroomis________ours. A.threetimesbigas B.asthreetimesbigas C.threetimesasbigas D.asbigthreetimesas(     )12.Thebasketballteamofourschoolranks________inthematch. A.three    B.third     C.thethree      D.thethird(     )13.Whichisthecarthathedrives?It"s________. A.fiftytwo   B.thefifty-twocars   C.thecarfiftyfour    D.thefifty-fourthcar(  )14.Whichofthefollowingiswrong?________. A.Heisafifteen-year-oldboy.       B.Heisattheageof15. C.Heisaboyof15.               D.Heisfifteenyearold.(  )15.Ourschoolisnotverybig.Thereareonly________students. A.ninehundredsof  B.ninehundred   C.ninehundreds    D.ninehundredof(   )16.Howmanynewwordsaretherein________lesson?       Thereareonly_________.60　 　　　　 A.five;fifth     B.fifth;five     C.thefifth;thefive     D.thefifth;five(   )17.________,Coca-ColabegantoenterChina"smarket. A.In1970"s   B.In1970s    C.Inthe1970s"    D.Inthe1970s(   )18.Therewasnobusinthatsmalltown.Wehada________. A.tenmileswalk    B.ten-milewalk   C.tenmile"swalk    D.tenthmilewalk(   )19.Todayisthefirstdayand________. A.Tuesdayisfourth B.Thursdayisthefourth C.secondisTuesdayD.asecondisThursday(   )20.Whichroomdoyoulivein?________. A.The201Room   B.Room201   C.Room201st   D.The201"sRoom(   )21.Howmanymagazinesdoyouhave?Ihave________. A.two    B.both     C.twice     D.thesecond(   )22.Threehundredthousandonehundredandseventymeans________. A.3,170    B.3,117     C.300,170      D.30,170(   )23.OnMay________,________peopletraveledroundthecountry. A.thefirst,millions   B.thefirst,millionsof   C.first,themillionth   D.first,millions(  )24.________ofthemarediningatschool. A.Twelve     B.Twelfth     C.Thetwelve      D.the12th(   )25.It"s7:17isread________. A.sevenandseventeen  B.sevenseven  C.sevenoneseven   D.sevenseventeen数词习题训练二(   )26.Four________twoistwo. A.plus     B.minus      C.times      D.dividedby(   )27.Three________fiveiseight. A.plus    B.minus     C.times     D.dividedby(   )28.Three________sevenistwenty-one. A.plus    B.minus     C.times     D.dividedby(   )29.Forty-two________sevenissix. A.plus    B.minus     C.times     D.dividedby(    )30.Thereare________daysinayear. A.threehundredsixtyandfive          B.threehundredandsixty-five C.threehundredsandsixty-five         D.threehundredsixty-five(    )31.Thereare________studentsinthatschool. A.twothousandeight-six             B.twothousandeighty-six C.twothousandandeighty-six          D.twothousandsandeighty-six(    )32.Ittookme________togetthere. A.twohoursandahalf                B.twohoursandhalf C.twohourandahalf                 D.twohourandhalf(   )33.Septemberis_________monthoftheyear. A.thenineth     B.theninth     C.nineth      D.ninth60　 　　　　(    )34.Pleasepassme_______bookontheleft. A.third     B.three      C.thethird       D.thethree(    )35.________isaverytallboy. A.Thetwelve    B.Thetwelveth   C.Thetwelfeth      D.Thetwelfth(    )36.Wehaveknowneachotherfor________. A.ayearandhalf   B.ayearwithhalf    C.ayearandahalf    D.ayearwithahalf(   )37.“Whatyearisit?”       “It"s________.” A.nineteenhundredandninety-seven      B.nineteenandninety-seven C.nineteenninetyandseven            D.nineteenninety-seven(   )38.“What"sthedatetoday?”       “It"s_________.” A.Tuesday      B.JuneFourth       C.Junethefour      D.Junethefourth(    )39.ThetrainfromShanghaiwillarrive________. A.inquarterpastsix B.inaquarterpastsix  C.atquarterpastsix  D.ataquarterpastsix(    )40.Myfriendwasbornon_________. A.threeofJuly,1979                 B.thethirdofJuly,1979  C.1979,Julythethird                D.1979,thethirdofJuly(    )41.________islessthan________. A.One-third;two-thirds               B.One-third;two-third C.First-three;first-threes              D.One-third;one-three(     )42.Whichlessondidyoulearnyesterday?________. A.LessonSeven   B.Lessonseventh   C.The7Lesson  D.7Lesson(    )43.“What"sthedatetoday?”“It"s_______.” A.thefourthofmay  B.thefourthMay  C.Mayfour   D.Maythefourth(    )44.334isread________. A.threehundredsandthirtyfour        B.threehundredsthirtyfour C.threehundredandthirtyfourth         D.threehundredandthirty-four(    )45.InFebruary,thereareonly_________days. A.twentynine    B.twenty-nineth    C.twenty-nine     D.twentyeight(   )46.TherewillbeacomedyonTVat________thisevening. A.sevenpastthirty   B.halfpastseven  C.seventhethirty   D.thirtytoseven(    )47.Ittookme________tofindoutthekeytothedrawer. A.oneandhalfhours B.oneandahalfhours C.oneandahalfhour D.oneandhalfhour(    )48.I"msotiredafter________walk. A.threehours     B.threehours"     C.threehour"s     D.threehour(    )49.Thereare________starsinthesky. A.millionof    B.millionsof     C.themillion     D.amillionof(     )50.thestreetis________wide. A.twometers    B.twometer     C.thetwometer     D.atwometer60　 　　　　语法六：现在完成时课前15分：()1.What’stheChinesefor“sixofoneandhalfadozenoftheother?”A.六分之一B.人云亦云C.半斤八两D.见一面分一半()2.Whatthreelettersturnagirlintoawoman?A.SUNB.DABC.EYED.AGE　()3.Wedon’twantit.It’s“awhiteelephant.”Whatisit?　A.一件无用而累的东西B.一头白象C.白给的东西D.白色陷阱()4.What’stoomuchfortwoandjustrightforone?A.TimeB.AsecretC.friendD.Aroom()5.What’stheChinesefor“talkbig”?A.吹牛B.说谎话C.骂人D.很大()6.IknowthatfromAtoZ.　A.从A到IB.从头到尾C.字母表D.距离很远()7.Youcan’tdoit.YoucansuetoAnnforhelp.A.askB.thinkC.findD.give　()8.What’sthat?That’salilyIlikeitverymuch.A.girl’snameB.flowerC.pictureD.cup现在完成时定义：（1）强调动作是过去发生的　　（2）强调对现在的影响或结果　　（3）在过去不确定的时间里发生的动作，但是结果对现在有影响。基本结构：主语+have/has+动词的过去分词(done)　　①肯定句：主语+have/has+动词的过去分词+宾语.　　②否定句：主语+have/has+not+动词的过去分词+宾语.　　③一般疑问句：Have/Has+主语+动词的过去分词+宾语.④特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词或词组+一般疑问句（have/has+主语+过去分词+其他）用法（1）现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果　　Ihavespentallofmymoney(sofar).(含义是:现在我没有钱花了.)　　Guozijunhas(just/already)come.(含义：郭子君现在在这儿)Myfatherhasgonetowork.(含义是:我爸爸现在不在这儿)（2）现在完成时可以用来表示发生在过去某一时刻的,持续到现在的动作（用行为动词表示）或状态（be动词表示）常与for（+时间段）,since（+时间点或过去时的句子）连用.60　 　　　　　　①for+时段　　②since+过去一个时间点（译为：自从……以来）　　③since+时段+ago　　④since+从句（过去时）　　⑤Itis+时段+since+从句（过去时）　　Maryhasbeenillforthreedays.Ihavelivedheresince1998.现在完成时的标志　　　1.现在完成时的含义之一是过去完成的动作对现在仍有影响,用以下四大标志词可以表达这种含义:　*以already,just和yet为标志　　Hehasalreadygotherhelp.　他已得到她的帮助。Hehasjustseenthefilm.　他刚刚看过这场电影。Hehasn"tcomebackyet.　他还没有回来。*以ever和never为标志　ThisisthebestfilmIhaveeverseen.　这是我曾经看过的最好的一部电影。HehasneverbeentoBeijing.　他从没有到过北京。*以动作发生的次数为标志　　HesayshehasbeentotheUSAthreetimes.他说他已经去过美国三次了。*以sofar（到目前为止）为标+before　HehasgottoBeijingsofar.　到目前为止他已到了北京。用法注意：1.现在完成时不能单独与准确时间连用，(如表示过去的时间状语）　　如yesterday(morning、afternoon),last(morning、afternoon)等，除非与for,since连用.　　2.现在完成时往往同表示不确定的过去时间状语连用　　如already（肯定）,yet（否定，疑问）,just,before,recently,still,lately等:　　Hehasalreadyobtainedascholarship.　　Ihaven"tseenmuchofhimrecently(lately).　　Wehaveseenthatfilmbefore.　　Havetheyfoundthemissingchildyet?　　3.现在完成时常常与表示频度的时间状语连用,　　如often,sometimes,ever,never,twice,onseveraloccasion等:　　HaveyoueverbeentoBeijing　　IhaveneverheardBunnysayanythingagainsther.　　Ihaveusedthispenonlythreetimes.Itisstillgood.　　Georgehasmetthatgentlemanonseveraloccasions.　　4.现在完成时还往往可以同包括现在时间在内的时间状语连用,60　 　　　　　　如now,uptothesefewdays/weeks/months/years,thismorning/week/month/year,just,today,uptopresent,sofar等:　　Peterhaswrittensixpaperssofar.　　Manhasnowlearnedtoreleaseenergyfromthenucleusoftheatom.　　TherehasbeentoomuchraininSanFranciscothisyear.　　Thefriendlyrelationsandcooperationbetweenourtwocountrieshavebeenenhancedinthepastfewyears.Uptothepresenteverythinghasbeensuccessful.5.现在完成时还可以用来表示过去的一个时间到现在这段时间内重复发生的动作.　Wehavehadfourtextsthissemester.　　6.现在完成时的"完成用法"　现在完成时的"完成用法"指的是动作发生在过去某一时刻并已结束，但该动作对现在产生了影响，与现在情况具有因果关系。　例如：Hehasturnedoffthelight.他已把灯关了。(动作结束于过去，但说明的是现在的情况--灯现在不亮了。)　　现在完成时"完成用法"的特点是动作不延续，因此，该时态只能与表示不定的过去时间状语(如：already，yet，before，recently等)、频度时间状语(如：never，ever，once等)、包括现在时刻在内的时间状语(如：thismorning／month／year...，today等)连用。　例如：Haveyoufoundyourpenyet？你已找到你的钢笔了吗？7.现在完成时的"未完成用法"　　现在完成时的"未完成用法"指的是动作开始于过去某一时刻，一直延续到现在，或可能还要继续下去。　例如：Hehaslivedheresince1978.自从1978年以来，他一直住在这儿。(动作起始于1978年，一直住到现在，可能还要继续住下去。)　　Ihavebeeninthearmyformorethan5years.我在部队已经呆了五年多了。(动作开始于5年前，一直延续至今，有可能还要继续下去。)　　此种用法的句中常需一个表示一段时间的状语(由since或for引导)，或表示与现在时刻相连的时间状语(如：uptonow，sofar)等。　例如：Ihaveheardnothingfromhimuptonow.到目前为止我没有他的任何消息。注意：(1)现在完成时的未完成用法只适用于延续性动词，不可用于终止性动词，即瞬间完成或延续时间很短的动词。如：come，go，arrive，leave，join，become，die等。8.一段时间+haspassed+since从句　　　9.现在完成时常和短语"uptonow/tillnow","sofar"(意思是从过去某一确定的时间一直延续到现在.)　　Upto/tillnowhe"sreadmanystorybooks.至今他已读过好多故事书。　　I"vebeentoNewYorkthreetimessofar.至今我已到纽约去过三次。10.hasgone(to),hasbeen(to),hasbeen(in)的区别　Have/Hasgone(to):去了(现在不在说话现场)Whereisyourfather？HehasgonetoShanghai.60　 　　　　Have/Hasbeen(to):去过（已不在去过的地方）MyfatherhasbeentoShanghai.Have/hasbeenin：呆了多久（还在所呆的地方）MyfatherhasbeeninShanghaifortwomonths./sincetwomonthsago.11.不能与when连用瞬间动词要变成延续性动词瞬间动词（buy,die,join,come，go,leave,join……）不能直接与forsince连用。要改变动词buy----haveborrow-----keepcome/arrive/reach/getto-----beingoout----beoutleave----beawaybegin-----beonfinish----beoveropen----beopenclose-----becloseddie----bedead★1.have代替buy　　Mybrotherhashad(不能用hasbought)thisbikeforalmostfouryears.★2、用keep或have代替borrow　　Ihavekept(不能用haveborrowed)thebookforquiteafewdays.★3、用be替代becomeHowlonghasyoursisterbeenateacher?★4、用haveacold代替catchacold　　Tomhashadacoldsincethedaybeforeyesterday.★5、用wear代替puton常用瞬间动词变延续性动词表：　　1.havearrivedat/insw.gotto/reachedsw.come/gone/movedtosw.　　→havebeeninsw./at…相应的介词　　2.havecome/goneback/returned→havebeenback　　3.havecome/goneout→havebeenout　　4.havebecome→havebeen　　5.haveclosed/opened→havebeenclosed/opened　　6.havegotup→havebeenup；　　7.havedied→havebeendead；　　8.haveleftsw.→havebeenawayfromsw.　　9.havefallenasleep/gottosleep→havebeenasleep；　　10.havefinished/ended/completed→havebeenover；　　11.havemarried→havebeenmarried；　　12.havestarted/beguntodosth.→havedonesth.；　　13.havebegun→havebeenon　　14.haveborrowed/bought→havekept/had　　15.havelost→haven’thad　　16.haveputon→haveworn60　 　　　　　　17.havecaught/getacold→havehadacold；　　18.havegottoknow→haveknown19.have/hasgoneto→havebeenin20.havejoined/havetakenpartintheleague/theParty/thearmy→havebeenamemberof/havebeenin/havebeentheParty’smember/theleaguemember/thesoldier…现在完成时习题训练1.Allthefurnitureinthebuilding_______tothecompanynottohisown.A.isbelongedBbelongsC.belongDarebelonged2.WhenIwasatcollegeI_______threeforeignlanguages,butI_______allexceptafewwordsofeach.A.spoke,hadforgottenBspoke,haveforgottenChadspoken,hadforgottenDhadspoken,haveforgotten3.-----Wewouldhavewalkedtothestation.Itwassonear.-----Yes,ataxi_______atallnecessary.Awasn’tBhadn’tbeenCwouldn’tbeDwon’tbe4.Idon’treallyworkhere.I_______untilthenewsecretaryarrives.A.justhelpoutBhavejusthelpedoutCamjusthelpingoutDwilljusthelpout5.He_______hislegwhenhe_______inafootballmatch.Abroke,playedBwasbreaking,wasplayingCbroke,wasplayingDwasbreaking,played6.Thenewsecretaryissupposedtoreporttothemanagerassoonasshe_______.AwillarriveBarrivesCisgoingtoarriveDisarriving7.Asshe_______newspaper,Granny_______asleep.A.read,wasfallingB.wasreading,fellC.wasreading,wasfallingD.read,fall8.---Doyoulikethematerial?--Yes,it_______verysoft.A.isfeelingB.feltC.feelsD.isfelt9.---Comeonin,Tom.Iwanttoshowyousomething.---Oh,howniceofyou!I_______you_______tobringmeagift.A.neverthink,aregoingB.neverthought,weregoingC.didn’tthink,weregoingD.hadn’tthought,weregoing10.----You’veagreedtogo,sowhyaren’tyougettingready?---ButI_______thatyou_______ustostartatonce.A.don’trealize,wantB.don’trealize,wantedC.haven’trealized,wantD.didn’trealize,wanted11.Thehouseisdirty.We_______itforweeks.Adidn’tcleanBhadn’tcleanedCdon’tcleanDhaven’tcleaned12.-----_______thesportsmeetmightbeputoff.60　 　　　　----Yes,italldependsontheweather.A.I’vebeentoldB.I’vetoldC.I’mtoldD.Itold13.----I’msorrytokeepyouwaiting.----Oh,notatall.I_______hereonlyafewminutes.A.havebeenB.hadbeenC.wasD.willbe14.Youdon’tneedtodescribeher.I_______herseveraltimes.A.hadmetB.havemetC.metD.meet15.Thecostofliving_______bytenpercentbeforethegovernmenttookanyaction.A.wasgoingB.wentupC.hadgoneupD.hasgoneup16.Bythetimenewpupil_______enoughcouragetoraisehishand,thebellfortheendofthelesson_______.A.hadgathered;wasalreadyringingB.wasgathering;hadalreadyrungC.gathered;alreadyrangD.wouldgather;wouldalreadyhaverung17.-----DidyougotoBeijingforvacation?-----I_______togo,butIgotsickatthelastminute.A.wasplanningB.haveplannedC.hadbeenplanningD.havebeenplanning18.------Whenwilltheyleave?-----They_______verysoon.A.doleaveB.areleavingC.haveleftD.leave19.------Washestudyingforanexam?------Yes,he"s_______itnextweek.A.doingB.totakeC.makingD.togive20.------Aretheregoingtobemanypeopleatyourpartytoday?------Wehopethat_______.A.therewillbeB.therearegoingC.thereareD.theregoingtobe21.Shemusthavearrivedtherelastnight,_______she?A.didn"tBhaven"tC.needn"tD.mustn"t22._______theletter,Iranoutoftheroomtothepostoffice.A.SinceIhavefinishedwritingB.NosoonerthanIhadfinishedwritingC.AssoonasIfinishedwritingD.AfterIhavefinished23.Twelveinches_______onefoot.A.willmakeB.ismakingC.makesD.make24.I_______goingtoLondonnextmonth.AhavethoughtofBshallthinkofCamthinkingofDwillthinkof25.He_______Englishforsixyearsbythetimehetakeshisexamination.AhasstudiedBstudiedCwillhavebeenstudyingDhadbeenstudying26.Bythistimenextyearhe_______fromthiscollege.A.isgraduatingB.willhavegraduatedC.shouldbegraduationD.willbegraduation27._______theschoolwhenthebellrang.A.IhardlyhadreachedB.HardlyhadIreachedC.IhardlyreachedD.HardlydidIreach60　 　　　　28.Hepromisedusthathe_______earlybuthe_______yet.A.wouldbe;hasn"tarrivedB.is;hasn"tbeenarrivingC.shouldbe;isn"tarrivingD.willbe;hadn"tarrived29.Theteachertoldthepupilsthattheearth_______round.A.isB.wouldC.wasD.were30.Themomenttheymet,theyknewthat_______.A.theywouldhavefriendlinessB.theywouldbefriendsC.friendshiptheywouldhaveD.friendshipwouldhappen31.We_______theproblemforquitesometime,butwe_______anyconclusionyet.A.haddiscussed;haven"treachedB.discussed;haven"treachedC.havediscussed;haven"tbeenreachingD.havebeendiscussing,haven"treached32.Itwasn"tuntiltwoo"clockthatI_______tosleep.A.wouldgoB.wentC.wasgoingD.hadgone33.------Where_______mybook?Ican"tseeitanywhere.------I_______itonthistable.Butnowit"sgone.A.wereyouputting;haveputB.hadyouput;wasputtingC.haveyouput;putD.didyouput;haveput34.Perhapsitwillbealongtime_______fromabroad.A.thatTomcomesbackB.beforeTomcomesbackC.whenTomwillcomebackD.whenTomcomesback35.Ifthefilm_______isourschool,we"llgoandseeit.A.istobeshownB.wasshownC.isshownD.willbeshown36.-----How_______onwithyourEnglishthesedays.----Notbad.A.haveyoubeengettingB.areyougettingC.didyougetD.haveyougot37.-----What_______whenIphonedyouthismorning?------I_______myhomeworkandwasstartingtotakeaboat.Aareyoudoing,havejustfinishedBwereyoudoing,hadjustfinishedChadyoudone,justfinishedDdidyoudo,justfinished38.I_______suchaninterestingbookbefore.AwasneverreadingBwillneverreadChadneverreadDhaveneverread39._______thattheearthwasthecentreoftheuniverse.APeoplewerebelievingBItwasoncebelievedCPeoplewereoncebelievedDPeopleweresaid40.Twooftheboys_______whileplayingfootball.AhadbeenhurtBgothurtCwerehurtingDhurt41.Prices_______sharplyinthepastfewyears.AhaveraisedBhavebeenraisedChavebeenrisenDhaverisen42.Thenumberofthestudentsinourschool_______1200.AisaddeduptoBhasbeenaddeduptoCaddsuptoDhaveaddedupto60　 　　　　阅读理解篇60　 　　　　阅读理解一（一）CountryCapitalLanguage(s)IndiaNewDelhiHindiandEnglishCanadaOttawaEnglishandFrenchRussiaMoscowRussianEgyptCairoArabicSingaporeSingaporeCityMalay,Chinese,TamilandEnglish根据上面的表格用一个或两个词完成下面句子：1.Ifyougoto,maybesomepeoplecanunderstandyou.2.Egyptiansspeak.3.Ifyougoto,youmustlearnRussianwell.4.ThecapitalofSingaporeis.5.Fromtheform(表格),wecanseethatisthemostimportantlanguage.(二)WhereisLove?HowcanwefindLove?OncealittleboywantedtomeetLove.HeknewitwasalongtriptowhereLovelived,sohegothisthingsreadywithsomepizzasanddrinksandstartedoff.Whenhepassedthreestreets,hesawanoldwomansittingintheparkandwatchingsomebirds.Shelookedveryhungry.Theboygaveherapizza.Shetookitandsmiledathim.Thesmilewassobeautifulthathewantedtoseeitagain,sohegaveheraCoke.Shesmiledonceagain.Theboywasveryhappy.Theysattherealltheafternoon,eatingandsmiling,buttheysaidnothing.Whenitgrewdark,theboydecidedtoleave.Butbeforehehadgonemorethanafewsteps,heturnedaround,ranbacktotheoldwomanandgaveherahug.Thewomangavehimherbiggestsmileever.Whentheboyopenedthedoorofhishouse,hismotherwassurprisedbythelookofjoy(快乐)onhisfaceandaskedwhathadmadehimsohappy.“IhadlunchwithLove.Shehasgotthemostbeautifulsmileintheworld.”Atthesametime,theoldwoman,ssonwasalsosurprisedathismother’spleasureandaskedwhy.“IateapizzaintheparkwithLove,”shesaid,“andheismuchyoungerthanIexpected.”Iftheworldisfulloflove,wecanenjoyabetterlife.()1.Whenthelittleboysawtheoldwoman,shewas____________________.A.lookingforaseatintheparkB.passingthestreet60　 　　　　C.lookingatsomebirdsD.havingapizza()2.ThelittleboygavetheoldwomanaCokebecause_____________.A.theoldwomanstillfelthungryB.hewantedtoseethesmileagainC.hedidn’tlikethedrinkD.theoldwomanpaidhimforit()3.Theoldwomangavethelittleboythebiggestsmile______________.A.afterthelittleboywenthomeB.beforeitgrewdarkC.whenshewasdrinkingCokeD.afterthelittleboyhuggedher()4.Theboy’smotherwassurprisedtoseehersonwasvery_________whenthedooropened.A.pleasedB.sadC.unhappyD.angry()5.WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?A.ThelittleboyfailedtofindLove.B.Boththelittleboyandtheoldwomanfoundwhattheywantedatlast.C.Thelittleboydecidednevertogohome.D.Theoldwomangavethelittleboyahugtothankhim.（三）I’vegotsomeinformationforeveryonegoingtoBritainnextmonth.Asyouknow,you’llbestayingwithafamilyfortwoweeks.Nowthemostimportantthingismoney.Youshouldtakeabout￡30incash(现金)andabout￡200intravelerscheques(支票).Thenwhenyouarriveattheairportyou’llbemetbyourhost(主人)family.Youmustremembertoweararedshirtsothefamilywillfindyoueasily.I’vetoldthemtolookoutfortheredshirts.You’llalsoneedtotakewithyou4photosofyourselfand,ofcourse,it’sveryimportantthatyoutaketheschoolletter.Whileyouarethere,ifyouhaveanyproblems,youcancallouragent(代理人).I’llgiveyouherofficephonenumbernow:It’s580-4436andthepersontoaskforisMrs.Belcher,that’sB-E-L-C-H-E-R.She’sintheofficefrom9-5everyday.OK!That’severything.Haveagoodtrip.根据短文内容填写下表，每空词数不限：GOINGTOBRITAINMoney-cash:￡30Travelercheques:(1)Wear:(2)Take:(3)Officephonenumber:(4)Askfor:(5)60　 　　　　（四）Dickwasborninapoorfamily.Hisfatherhadasmallboatandwentfishinginthemorningandsoldthefishinthemarketintheafternoon.Thenheboughtsomefoodforhisfamily.Whenwintercame,theywereoftenhungry.Onemorningthehungrymanfellintotheriverandwasn’tfound.Dick’smotherleftherthree-year-oldsonwithoutsayinggood-bye.Hisaunthadtolookafterhim.Twentyyearspassed.Dickbecameatall,strongman.Hefoundworkonafarm.Heworkedhardandwantedtogetmoremoney.Heoftenwenttoseehisauntwithsomenicepresents.Thewomanwasveryhappybutonedayshediedinatrafficaccident.Theyoungmanwasverysad.Afterheburiedher,hedecidedtobuyabeautifultombstone(墓碑)forher.Hewenttotownandcameinashop,butallthetombstonesweretooexpensive.Heasked,“Doyousellanoldtombstone,sir?”“Yes,wedo,sir,”answeredtheshopkeeper.“Isitasexpensiveasthenewone?”“No,it’smuchcheaper,”saidtheman.“Butanothernamewasengraved(刻)onit.”“Itdoesn’tmatter,”saidDick.“Myauntcouldn’tread.”()1.If__________,thefamilymemberswerehungry.A.Dick’sfathercouldcatchnofishinwinterB.Dick’sfatherhadaboatinwinterC.Dick’sfatherhadtolookafterhiminwinterD.nofoodwassoldinwinter()2.ThewomanhadtolookafterDickbecause_______________.A.shewasrichB.hisfatheraskedherC.shewaskind-heartedD.theboylovedher()3.Dickwantedtogetmoremoneyto________________.A.marryawifeB.givehisauntnicepresentsC.buyafarmD.buildahouse()4.Dickoftenwenttoseehisauntbecause____________________.A.shefeltlonelyB.shewasoftenillC.shehadnochildrenD.withherhelphegrewup()5.Dickwantedtobuyanoldtombstonebecause________________.A.hehadenoughmoneytobuyanewoneB.hisauntcouldn’treadwhosenamewasengravedC.hisauntwasn’tgoingtominditD.nobodyknewwhathisaunt’snamewas（五）Inthewest,therecanbesomeabbreviations(缩略词)insomeadvertisements(广告)ofthenewspaper.Here’sanadvertisementforanapartment(公寓套房).Mostofthewordsinitareabbreviations,forexample,Lrg.apt,i.e.(即)Largeapartment;lrg.lvrm,i.e.Largeliving-room.Now,pleasereadtheadvertisementcarefully,andthenfillineachblankwithONEword.ForRent(出租)Lrg.aptFourthflr.Veryquietbldg.60　 　　　　Nopets.Twobedrms.Lrg.lvrm.Ut1.pd.Unfrn.Gd.1ctn.$220permo.Call662-39401.Theapartmentisonthefloorofthebuilding.2.Ifyourent(租用)theapartment,do(千万)remembernottobringany__,likedogs,cats,birdsandsoon.3.Thereisalargeliving-roomandtwointheapartment.4.Thelocation(位置)ofthebuildingisvery.5.Ifyourenttheapartment,youmustpay(付)dollars(美元)everymonth.（六）Henryhadstudiedinauniversitybeforehecamebacktohishometown.Hethoughthehadlotsofknowledgeandhewassupercilious(目中无人).Atfirsthewaseasilygivenajobinabank.Buthecouldn’tgetonwellwithhisworkmatesandoftenmademistakes.Andsoonhewassentaway.Thenhefoundajobinapostoffice,buthestillcouldn"tbecompetent(适任)atitandbeforelonghehadtoleave.Afterhehadlostthework,hislifegotworseandworseandhewasoftenworriedaboutfoodandclothes.Whenhehardlyaskedforsomefoodinthestreet,afriendofhisaunt’sfeltpityforhimandaskedhimtoworkinhisrestaurant.Ofcoursehedidn’tliketheworkatallbutitwasmuchbetterthanbeinghungry.Hehadtoworkthere.Onedayayoungbeautifulwomancameintotherestaurant.Shewantedtwoeggs,somechickenandaglassofmilk.Henrythoughtsheworebeautifulclothesbutdidn’thavemuchknowledge.Whenhewastakingthemilktoher,hefoundtherewasaflyinthemilk,buthestillbringittothewoman.Assoonashelefthertable,heheardhercryingbehind.“What’sinmymilk,waiter?”thewomanshoutedathim.“Haven’tyouseenit’safly,madam?”askedHenry.“It’sterrible!”thewomansaidangrily.“Don’tbeangry,madam,”Henrysaidquietly.“It’stoosmall.Itcan’tdrinkmuchofyourmilk!”()1.WhywasHenrysupercilious?Because_______________.A.hewasrichB.hethoughtheknewmuchmorethanothersC.hecouldbecompetentatalltheworkD.hecamefromabigfamily()2.WhywasHenrysentawayfromthebank?Because______________.A.hedidn’tlikethereB.hecouldn’tgetonwellwithhisworkmatesC.hewascarelessinhisworkD.BandC()3.WhydidthemantellHenrytoworkinhisrestaurant?Because_______________.A.helikedtheyoungmanB.heneededalearnedmanC.hewantedtohelptheyoungmanD.theyoungmanhadlotsofknowledge()4.Henrydidn’tbringthewomanforanotherglassofmilkbecause______________.60　 　　　　A.hedidn’tliketheyoungwomanB.heknewherwellC.hehopedshewentoutD.hehopedshecouldaskforanotherdrink()5.WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?A.Henrywantedtofindanotherpieceofwork.B.Henrywouldsoonbesentawayagain.C.Henrywouldbegivenapieceofimportantwork.D.ThemanagerwouldbeafraidofHenry.（七）MynameisMaryConnor.I’mAmericanandI’manurseinRosewoodHospital.I’m20andsingle(独身).Myhobbiesaretennisandcomputergames.Mybrotherisalsoanurse.OurparentsarefromtheUSAbutweliveinBrightonnow.Mymotherisapainter(画家)andmyfatherisadoctor.IlikeapenfriendfromChinaorJapan.Pleasewriteto:63LilyRoad,LondonSWL,England.根据短文内容完成下表：PERSONALINFORMATION(个人档案)Name:MaryConnorSex:GirlAge:20Occupation(职业):NurseNationality(国籍):(1)Employer(雇主):(2)Family:Father,mother,brotherAddress:(3)Hobbies:(4)Possiblepenfriends:(5)(八)OnedayJack’swifewascleaningoutacloset（壁橱）.“Lookatalltheseumbrellas,”shesaidtoJack.“Thereareeightandtheyareallbroken.”“I’lltakethemtotheumbrellashopandhavethemmended,”Jacksaid.Jacktooktheeightumbrellastotheshopandleftthemthere.“They’llbereadytomorrow,”theshopkeepersaid.ThateveningJackwenthomefromtheofficebybusasusual.Hesatnexttoanoldwoman.Shehadanumbrellaonthefloornearher.Whenthebusreachedhisstop,hepickedupherumbrellaandstoodup.“Hey!”thewomansaid.“That’smyumbrella!”“I’msorry,”Jacksaid,andatthesametimehegavetheumbrellatoher.“Iwasn’tthinking.Please60　 　　　　excuseme.”Thenextdayhegotbacktheumbrellasfromtheumbrellashopandgotonthebus.Ashesatdown,avoicebehindhimsaid,“Youcertainlyhaveasuccessfulday!”Heturnedaroundandsawthewomanwhoseumbrellahadalmostbeentakenbyhimthedaybefore.()1.Jack’swifefound___________umbrellasinthecloset.A.eightbrokenB.brokeneightC.eightnewD.neweight()2._________hadthebrokenumbrellasmendedintheumbrellashop.A.Jack’swifeB.JackC.TheshopkeeperD.Theoldwoman()3.Thateveningtheoldwoman’sumbrellawasalmosttakenby_____________.A.theshopkeeperB.Jack’swifeC.JackD.thedriver()4.ThenextdayJacksawthewoman_______________.A.intheshopB.athomeC.onthetrainD.onthebus()5.WhichofthefollowingisTrue?A.Jackhadanumbrellashop.B.Thewoman’sumbrellawasJack’s.C.ThewomanthoughtJackwasathief.D.Jackboughteightumbrellasfromtheshopagain.（九）DearMike,Wegotyourletteryesterday.Yes,wecanvisityouatChristmas.Wethoughttospend(度)Christmasathome,butnowwearegoingtobewithyou.Jackwillnotbeinschoolthen.TheweatherinChicagoiscold,butisdoesn’tmatter.Sometimeswelikethesnow.Wegotourplanetickets.Wewillgettoyourcityonthe18th.Wewillstaywithyoufortwoweeks.Isthatallrightwithyou?We’lltakeourfavouriterecipes(食谱),sowecanhaveaniceChristmasdinner.Seeyousoon.LoveMomandDad根据短文内容用适当的单词完成下面句子：1.ThisletterisfromMike’s.2.InChicago,itisnow.3.Mikehasabrothercalled.Heisinschoolnow.4.Mike’sparentswillgotohiscityby.60　 　　　　5.Hisparentswillcomebackon31st.6.MikeandhisparentswillanicedinneronChristmasDay.（十）2.26-meter-tallYaoMingmadehisNBAdebut（初次登台）onOctober23,2002andgot6points（得分）fortheHoustonRocketsinthegame.Thenextday,hegot13pointsisanothergame.MostpeoplethinkthatYaoMingisabornbasket-ballplayer.ButYaosaid,“WhenyouwatchitonTV,itlooksveryeasy.ButwhenyouareplayingintheNBA,itisreallynotsoeasy.”HeaskedthatjoiningtheHoustonRocketswasanewstartandanewchallenge.“IhopethatthroughveryhardworkIcanmakeeveryonehappyandhelptheRocketswinmoregames,”hesaid.YaoMingspeakssomeEnglish.Bothheandhisteammatescanunderstandeachother.Theydon’tthinkthereisalanguageproblem.WhileYaoMingfacesthisnewchallenge,thepeopleofHoustonhaveshowngreatinterestinhimandtheyhopeYaoMingwillbringnewenergy（活力）totheRockets.TheteamhasstartedhavinglessonstolearnmoreaboutChina,andmanypeoplewhoworkfortheRocketshavelearnedtospeaksomeChinese.()1.YaoMinggot13pointsonOctober_________,2002.A.22B.23C.24D.26()2.YaoMingsaidthat________________.A.playingintheNBAwasdifficultB.itwashardtowatchNBAgamesonTVC.hewasanNBAstarD.itwasboringtoplaybasketball()3.ThepeopleofHoustonhopeYaoMingwill_________________.A.speakexcellentEnglishB.bringnewenergytotheRocketsC.makeNBAgameseasyD.facenewchallenge()4.FromthepassagewecanknowthatYaoMing____________.A.willworkhardforhisteamB.madethehighestscoreinhisfirstNBAgameC.can’tunderstandhisteammatesD.teachestheRocketsworkersChinesehimself()5.Thepassageisprobably__________________.A.anadvertisementB.anoticeC.anewsreportD.aninstruction阅读理解（二）（一）IfyoucometoLondonforthefirsttimenow,you’llseealotofbusesandcarsontheroad,you,llalsoseealotofbikesbecausenowadaysmoreandmorepeopletravelbybike.Therearealotofreasonsforthis.First,it’sverycheaptouseabike,andit’squicktoo.Youoftenwaitforabusforhalfanhour.Whenthebuscomes,therearesomanyotherbusesandcarsontheroadthatthebusmovesveryslowly.Theundergroundtrainisquickbutveryexpensiveandoften60　 　　　　crowded.Itraveledtoworkbybusforaboutfouryears.Ioftenarrivedatworklateandtired.Thenoneday,abouttwoyearsago,aworkmatesaid,“Igotoworkbybike,whydon’twetraveltogether?”“Becausemybikeisold,”Ianswered,“andtherearesomanybusesandcarsontheroad.Ialwaysfeelfrightened.”“Youneedn,tworryaboutthis,”saidmyfriend.“Ifyoufollowmeandwerideslowly,you’llbefine.”Althoughwewentslowly,wearrivedatworkquickly.Thebusridetookfortyminutesandthebikeridetookhalfanhour!ThenextdayIboughtmyselfanewbike.NowIdon’tfeelafraid.Ilovecyclingtowork,andIfeelfitandwell.ManypeoplethinkinthesamewayasIdo.That’swhyyouseealotofbikesontheroad.Whoknows,perhapsinthefuturewe’llhaveroadsforbicyclesonly.Ihopeso!1.WhatcanweseeontheroadifwevisitLondonnow?2.Thewriterwenttoworkthreeyearsago.3.Howlongdidittakethewritertogotoworkbybike?4.Isridingabikegoodforourhealth?5.Thewriterhopewe’llhaveroadsoneday.（二）Haveyoueverbeenill?Whenyouareill,yourbodybecomeshot,andtherearepainsalloveryourbody.Youmustbeunhappybecauseofit.Youdon"twanttowork.Youstayinbedfeelingverysad.Whatmakesusill?It"sgerms.Germsareeverywhere.Theyareverysmallandyoucan"tfindthemwithyoureyes,butyoucanseethemwithamicroscope（显微镜）.Theyarevery,verysmallandtherecouldbehundredsofthemonaverysmallthing.Germsarealwaysfoundindirtywater.Whenwelookatdirtywaterunderthemicroscope,wecanseetheminit.Soyourfatherandmotherwillnotletyoudrinkdirtywater.Germsaren"tfoundonlyinwater.Theyarefoundintheairanddust（灰尘）.Ifyoucutyourfinger,andifsomeofthedustfromthefloorgoesintothecut,someofthegermswillgointoyourfinger.Yourfingerwillbecomebigandred,andyouwillhavemuchpaininit.Sometimesthegermswillgointoallofyourbody,andyouwillhavepaineverywhere.1.Whyisapersonunhappywhenhe"sill?2.Peoplecanseethegermswith.3.Whydon"tparentslettheirchildrendrinkdirtywater?60　 　　　　4.Wherearegermsfound？5.Ifgermsgointothecutofthefinger,youwillfeel.（三）Childrenallovertheworldliketocelebratetheirbirthdays.Americanchildrenarenotdifferent.Americanchildrenusuallycelebratewithaparty.Theyinvitetheirfriendstojointhecelebration.Thepartymaynotbeheldonthedateoftheirbirthdayifitcomesonaschoolday.Itmaybeheldontheclosestweekendinstead.Todaytwokindsofpartiesarethemostpopular.Oneisheldathome.Parentsmakethehousebeautifulwithballoons(气球)andcoloredpaper.Theyprepareaspecialbirthdaymeal.Thechildrenplaygames.Anotherkindisheldawayfromhome.Someareataspecialrestaurant.Thechildreneatpizzaandicecream.Thewaitersalsosingandtelljokestothechildren.Otherpartiesmaybeheldatapark,oramovietheater,orsomeotherplaces.Everybirthdaypartyhasabirthdaycakewithcandlesontop.Thereisonecandleforeachyearofabirthdayboyorgirl,sage.Whenthecandlesarelighted,everyonesingsthespecialbirthdaysong:HAPPYBIRTHDAYTOYOU.!AsAmericansgrowolder,theirbirthdaypartieschange.Infact,manypeoplestophavingthem.Theysaytheywouldliketoforgethowoldtheyare.Yettheyliketorememberthehappybirthdaypartiesoftheirchildhood(儿童时代).1.Americanchildrenusuallycelebratetheirbirthdays.2.Iftheirbirthdayisonaschoolday,theywillholdtheparty.3.Whentheyholdthepartyathome,whomaybeverybusy?4.Whatwillthewaitersdoiftheyholdthepartyatarestaurant?5.Whydomanypeoplestophavingtheirbirthdaypartiesnow?（四）Aneleven-year-oldboyinasmalltownwantedtobeatraindriver.Buttheboywasbornwithouthands.Hisfathertaughthimtousehisfeetashands.Hecouldn,tgotoschool,sohespentallhistimewatchingtrainscomingandgoingbecausehelivednearthestation.Howwantedtobeatraindriver!Onedayhesawanemptytrainandclimbedin.Itwasnoteasyforhimtostartitwithhisfeet.Soonthetrainwastravelingatfortymiles(英里)anhour.Therailwayofficials(官员)couldnotseetheboyinthetrainandtriedtostopthetrain.Thetrainreachedasmallstationandthentheboydroveiton.Whenhewasnearthetown,aworkercaughtupwiththetrainandstoppedit.Atfirsthewasveryangry,buthelaughedwhentheboysaid,“Iliketrains”.“Well,I,mgladyoudon,tlikeplanes!”60　 　　　　1.Theboydidn’tgotoschoolbecause.2.Theboywasinterestedin.3.Wheredidtheboylived?4.Howdidtheboydrivethetrain?5.Wasitdangeroustheboydrovethetrain?(五)GeorgeStephensonwasbornin1781inapoorfamily.Hehadtostartworkwhenhewasonlyeight.WhenGeorgewasfourteenhebecamehisfather,shelper.Hespentalotoftimelearningaboutengine(机械),andonholidaysheoftentookittopiecesandstudiedeachpiececarefully.Soonhebecameaverygoodworkerthoughhecouldnotreadorwrite.HebegantolearntheEnglishalphabet(字母表)whenhewasseventeenyearsold.Everydayafterhedidtwelvehours,hardwork,hehadtowalkalongwaytohavelessonsfromaschoolteacher.Onhiseighteenthbirthday,hewrotehisownnameforthefirsttimeinhislife.Georgeinventedmanythingsinhislife.Thetrainwasthegreatestoneofthem.Todaywhenwetaketrainsfromoneplacetoanother,we,llthinkofthisgreatman—GeorgeStephenson.1.WhydidGeorgeStephensonstartworkingsoearly?2.HowlonghadGeorgeStephensonworkedbeforehebecamehisfather’shelper?3.WhenGeorgewasfourteen,hespentalotoftime.4.Hecouldwritehisownnameforthefirsttime.5.WhatwasGeorge’sgreatestinvention?(六)LastFriday,afterdoingallthefamilyshoppingintown,Iwantedtohavearestbeforecatchingthetrain.Iboughtanewspaperandsomechocolateandwentintothestationcoffeeshop.Itwasacheapself-serviceplacewithlongtablestositat.Iputmyheavybagdownonthefloor,putthenewspaperandchocolateonthetableandthenwenttogetacupofcoffee.WhenIcamebackwiththecoffee,therewassomeonesittinginthenestseat.Itwasaboy,withdarkglassesandoldclothes,andhishairwascolouredbrightatthefront.Hehadstartedtoeatmychocolate!Naturally,Iwasratheruneasy(不安)abouthim,butIdidn,twanttohaveanytrouble.Ijustlookeddownatthefrontpageofthenewspaper,tastedmycoffeeandtookabitofchocolate.Theboylookedatmeclosely.Thenhetookasecondpieceofmychocolate.Icouldhardlybelieveit.StillIdidn,tsayanythingtohim.Whenhetookathirdpiece,Ifeltmoreangrythanuneasy.Ithought,“Well,Ishall60　 　　　　havethelastpiece.”AndIgotit.Theboygavemeastrangelook,thenstoodup.Asheleftheshoutedout,’’There’ssomethingwrongwiththatwoman!’’Everybodylookedatme,butIdidnotwanttoquarrelwiththeboy,soIkeptquiet.Ikeptquiet.IdidnotrealizethatIhadmadeamistakeuntilIfinishedmycoffeeandwasreadytoleave.MyfaceturnedredwhenIsawmyunopenedchocolateunderthenewspaper.ThechocolatethatIhadbeeneatingwastheboy,s.1.Thewriterwenthomeby_________________.2．Thewriterputonthetablebeforeshewenttogetacupofcoffee.3．Howmanypiecesofchocolatedidtheboytake?4.Didtheboytakethewriter’schocolate?5.Thewritermadeamistake,didn’tshe?(七)Hello,everyone.IjustwanttotellyouaboutourtriptotownofChester.Thebuswillleaveatninefifteentomorrowmorning.IttakesaboutanhourandahalftogettoChester,sowewillarriveataquartertoeleven.Youwillhavetimeforacupofcoffeebeforeourfirstvisit.Thiswillbetothepalace.ItisaveryinterestingoldbuildingandI,msureyou,llenjoythevisit.Ticketsforthepalacecostthreepoundsfiftyforadultsand,ifyouhavechildren,afamilyticketisjusteightpounds.Therearelotsofthingstoseeandwewillbethereabouttwohours.Wewilltakesandwichesforlunchwithusandwewillalleattogetherinapark.Youwillbepleasedtoknowthattomorrowisgoingtobesunny.Afterlunch,wewillwalkroundtheoldmarket.Youwillbeabletobuyallyourpresentsthere.Now,anyquestions?1.IttakesabouttogettoChester.2.Theywillhavebeforetheirfirstvisit.3.Howmuchisafamilyticket?4.Wherewilltheyhavelunch?5.Whatwilltheyvisitintheafternoon?(八)Mostpeoplehavejobs.Theygotoworknearlyeveryday.Somepeoplearelucky.Eithertheyhaveveryinterestingjobsortheycanearn(赚)alotofmoney.Mostpeoplearenotsolucky.Eithertheirjobsarenotveryinterestingortheydon,tearnalotofmoney.Themostinterestingjobsareoftenthemostdifficult.Ittakesalongtimetolearnhowtodothem.Doctorsstudyforatleast6yearsafterfinishingschool.Airlinepilots(飞行员)studyforlonger.They60　 　　　　havetolearntoflyinsmallplanefirst,andthenslowlymoveuptobiggerandbiggerplane.Mostairlinepilotsareatleast30years.Someyoungpeoplehaveinterestingandwell-paidjobs.Manysuccessfulathletesareyoung.Footballandtennisstarsareusuallyunder35.Olderpeopleusuallycan,tplaythesesportsverywell.Theycan,tmovefarenough.Golf,however,isagoodsportforolderpeople.Mostpeopleworkuntiltheyare60or65yearsold.Thentheyretire(退休)andhavealotoffreetime.Somepeopleneverretire.Thesepeopleusuallyhaveveryinterestingjobs.Writers,artists,musicians,andactorsusuallyworkuntiltheydie.Theirworkistheirlife.1.Mostpeoplenearlyeveryday.2.Whyaresomepeoplelucky?3.Howlongdodoctorshavetostudyafterfinishingschool?4.Whatisagoodsportforolderpeople?5.Somepeopleneverretirebecause_.(九)Ifsomeoneasksme:“Doyoulikemusic?”I,msureIwillanswerhimorher:“Ofcourse,Ido.”BecauseIthinkmusicisanimportantpartofourlives.Differentpeoplehavedifferentideasaboutmusic.Forme,Ilikerockmusicbecauseit,ssoexciting.Andmyfavoriterockband,the“FoxyLadies”(酷妹)isoneofthemostfamousrockbandsintheworld.Ialsolikepopmusic.MyclassmateLiLanlovesdancemusic,becausesheenjoysdancing.Mybestfriend,Jane,likesjazzmusic(爵士乐).Shethinksjazzisreallycool.Butmymotherthinksrockisboring.Shelikesrelaxingmusic.That,swhyshelikescountrymusic,Ithink.1.Thewriterlikesmusicbecausehethinks.2.Thewriterlikesand.3.Iscountrymusicrockmusicorrelaxingmusic?4.Howmanypeople’sideasaboutmusicaretalkedaboutinthispassage?5.Thewriter’smotherdoesn’tlikerelaxingmusic,doesshe?3.Wheredoyouthinkthebestplaceforafamilytokeepthismedicineinsummeris?4.WhatwillMrsSmithmostprobablydowiththemedicineleftafter10,2008?5.WhatshouldMrWhitedobeforehetakessomeofthemedicine?60　 　　　　完形填空篇60　 　　　　60　 　　　　作文篇60　　　　　60　 　　　　习作一：请根据下面图画和所给提示，用英语写一篇假若你叫Helen的短文，向警察陈述你某日上学看到路上发生的情况。骑车者为Jack，你校高三的一名学生。______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________习作二：根据下面的提示用英语写一篇日记（80词左右）。60　 　　　　　　9月4日，星期日，晴，上午你到鞋店买双新鞋，看到一位外国女士正和女营业员谈论些什么，但营业员听不懂。你走上前去帮助她们，这位外国女士是澳大利亚人，她告诉你她想买双旅游鞋，你把这情况告诉了营业员，她买过后很高兴，这位女士和营业员都很感谢你的帮助。　　女营业员：salesgirl旅游鞋：travelingshoes______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________习作二：书面表达5月1日，高二（3）班的学生志愿者LiYue和ZhangHua去阳光敬老院（SunshineNursingHome）开展志愿者活动（送水果、打扫、聊天等）。假如你是校英语报的记者，请按下列要点用英语写一则100-120个词的新闻报道。1.时间、地点、任务、活动；2.老人们的反应；3.简短评论。注意：报道的标题和记者姓名已给出（不记词数）。StudentVolunteersBroughtSunshinetotheElderly______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________60　 　　　　习作四：书面表达同学们，你们一定有许多好朋友吧！既然是朋友，你们或许有许多相同点，也有不同之处的，那么以MyfriendandI为题向大家介绍一下好吗？要记得比较你们的异同哦！不要出现真实姓名与班级哦！）______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________习作五：请你根据下列表格中的内容，写一篇日记．字数要求．60-80个词。时间、天气九月二十二日，星期六，天气晴朗地点深圳自来水厂（ShenzhenWaterworks）抵达方式坐公共汽车参加人员我和我的同班同学出发时间上午八点活动内容1．参观自来水厂2．听李工程师介绍如保生产自来水（drinkingwater）参观后的思考1．对我们来说得到饮用水不容易；2．节约用水很重要；3．我们应该号召（ask）大家节约用水______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________60