形容词和副词英语语法讲解ppt 63页

形容词与副词 （一）形容词的作用1．作定语，如：acarelessdriver2．作表语，与系动词连用。如：Thedeskisclean.3．作宾语补足语，用在cut,find,keep,leave,make,push,tear等动词之后。如：Thenewsmadeeveryonehappy.一、形容词 4．与定冠词一起表示某一类人或物,如：Therichandthepoorliveverydifferentlives.5．作状语，表示伴随、原因、结果等。如：Hewenttobed,coldandhungry. （一）副词的作用1．作状语，修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子。如：Hehadworkedhardallhislife.（修饰动词）Heisverydiligent.（修饰形容词）Youcanfindbooksonthatsubjectquiteeasily.（修饰副词）LuckilyshewasinwhenIcalled.（修饰句子）二、副词 2．作表语，表示地点及位置。如：Theyaredownstairs.3．作定语，如：Thepopulationhereisgettingsmallerandsmaller. 三、形容词和副词的区别：1.形容词修饰系动词，副词修饰行为动词。Shealwayslooks_________.(美丽）Sheisalwaysdressed____________.beautifulbeautifully2.形容词修饰名词；副词修饰形容词，副词和全句。Hehasgotaseriousillness.（名词）Heisseriouslyill.（形容词）Youcanfindbooksonthatsubjectquiteeasily.（副词）LuckilyshewasinwhenIcalled.（句子） 四、形容词和副词的比较等级原级1.肯定as＋adj./adv.原级＋as2.否定notas(so)＋adj./adv.原级＋as3.倍数倍数＋as＋adj./adv.原级＋as倍数＋thesize(height,length,width)＋of如：1.Mr.SunspeaksEnglishasfluentlyasyou.2.Thisbuildinglooksnotso(as)highasthatone.3.Thisroomisthreetimesaslargeasthatone. 原级比较级最高级much/manyill/bad/badlylittlemoremostworseworstlessleast比较级1.构成形式：-ermore注意不规则变化good/wellfarbetterbestfartherfarthestfurtherfurthest 2.用法A.表示一方超过另一方“比较级（-er/more)＋than”B.表示一方不及另一方“less＋原级＋than”C.表示越来越…“比较级＋and＋比较级”D.表示越…越…“the＋比较级…,the＋比较级…”E.表示两者中比较…“the＋比较级…＋ofthetwo”F.表示倍数“倍数＋比较级＋than” 3.比较级前的副词或副词短语。“一点点,稍微”：alittle(bit),slightly,any,some“…得多”：many,much,alot,far,byfar“更，甚”：even,still4.比较级句型表达最高级含义+anyother+单数名词比较级+theother+复数名词+anyoftheother+复数名词Tomistallerthananyoftheotherboysinhisclass.(=Tomisthetallestboyinhisclass.) 1.形容词后置：A.修饰some,any,no,every等构成的复合不定代词要后置。如：somethingnew;nothingserious;anythinginteresting五、形容词和副词的一些特别用法B.else修饰不定代词和疑问代词时，要后置。如：Nobodyelseissosillyasyouare. C. “enough”作定语时一般放在中心词前；但作副词时只能后置。Wehaveenoughfoodtoeat.Sheisoldenoughtogotoschool.E.某些形容词，如:present(在场的，出席的),involved(有关的), concerned(相关的),left(剩下的), mentioned(提及的),selected(当选的)等。如:thestudentspresent(出席的学生)thecostinvolved(所需费用)D.以a-开头的形容词做定语要后置。如：alike,alive,alone,asleep,afraid,awake…如：Heistheonlymanawakeatthattime. 2.多个形容词修饰名词的顺序：限定词（冠词，代词）---数词---描绘形容词（beautiful,good,interesting,kind)---特征形容词(大小+长短+新旧+颜色+国籍+材料)---名词1.This_______girlisLind’scousin.A.prettylittleSpanishB.SpanishlittleprettyC.SpanishprettylittleD.littleprettySpanish2.Onedaytheycrossedthe____bridgebehindthepalace.A.oldChinesestoneB.ChineseoldstoneC.oldstoneChineseD.ChinesestoneoldAA如:anoldChinesestonebridgethoselargeroundblackwoodentables 3.so和such的用法A:基本用法：such+n./n.p.;so+adj./adv.BB:修饰可数名词单数，so和such可以互换；如：sogoodastudent，suchagoodstudentC:so可加many,much,few,little等，而such不能。如：somanypeople,solittlewaterCanyoubelievethatin_____arichcountrythereshouldbe_____manypoorpeople?A.such,suchB.such,soC.so,soD.so,such 4.两种形式的副词close与closelyclose意思是“近”；closely意思是“仔细地”Heissittingclosetome.Watchhimclosely.late与latelylate意思是“晚”；lately意思是“最近”Youhavecometoolate.Whathaveyoubeendoinglately?3)deep与deeplydeep意思是“深”，表示时间和空间深度；deeply时常表示感情上的深度，"深深地"Hepushedthestickdeepintothemud.Heoftenworksdeepintothenight.Evenfatherwasdeeplymovedbythefilm. high与highlyhigh表示空间高度；highly表示程度，“高度地”Theplanewasflyinghigh.Ithinkhighlyofyouropinion.5)wide与widelywide表示空间宽度；widely意思是“广泛地”，“在许多地方”Heopenedthedoorwide.Englishiswidelyusedintheworld.6)free与freelyfree的意思是"免费"；freely的意思是"无限制地"Youcaneatfreeinmyrestaurantwheneveryoulike.Youmayspeakfreely;saywhatyoulike. 注意下列各组副词的区别1)just---justnow2)rather---quite---fairly3)yet---still---already4)hard---hardly---rarely---scarcely5)muchtoo---toomuch6)most---mostly---almost7)especially---specially8)everyday---everyday9)sometime---sometimes---sometime 巩固练习：It’salwaysdifficultbeinginaforeigncountry,_____ifyoudon’tspeakthelanguage.A.ExtremelyB.naturallyC.basicallyD.especially2.Wouldyoube_____domeafavor?A.kindenoughB.sokindastoC.sokindtoD.kindasto3.Theguidetoldusthathewouldorganizesomebusinessmenfromabroadtohaveatour_____thenextmonth.A.sometimeB.sometimeC.sometimesD.sometimes4.Itis____thathisEnglishis_____perfect.A.sure…veryB.right…ratherC.exact…fairlyD.certain…quiteDBBD 5.Alienhadtocallataxibecausetheboxwas____tocarryallthewayhome.A.muchtooheavyB.toomuchheavyC.heavytoomuchD.tooheavymuchA 1.Shedoesn’tspeak___herfriends,butherwrittenworkisexcellent.A.aswellasB.asoftenasC.somuchasD.asgoodas2.Ofallthestorybooks,Ilikethisone____.It’snotinterestingatall.A.verymuchB.thebestC.verylessD.theleastAD 3.---Ifyoudon’tliketheredcoat,taketheblueone.---Ok,butdoyouhave___sizeinblue?Thisoneisabittightforme.A.abigB.abiggerC.thebigD.thebigger4.Ifthemanagerhadtochoosebetweenthetwo,hewouldsayJohnwas___choice.A.goodB.thebestC.betterD.thebetterBD 5.Manypeoplehavehelpedwithcannedfood,however,thefoodbankneeds___forthepoor.A.moreB.muchC.manyD.most6.—Thisstorybookisnotinterestingatall.--Well,I’lllendyou___one,Ok?A.themostinterestingB.amostinterestingC.mostinterestingD.muchinterestingAB 7.---It’ssohottoday.---Itsurelyis.It’s___yesterday.A.twodegreeshotterthanB.twodegreesashotasC.twodegreehotterthanD.astwodegreeshotasA 8.(2003北京)Ourneighbourhas___ours.A.asabighouseasB.asbigahouseasC.thesamebighouseasD.ahousethesamebigas9.Heinsistedthatthosewhoworked___thananyoneelseshouldget___money.A.harder,themostB.harder,mostC.hardest,themostD.hardest,mostBA 10.Everybodysaysthatthisproblemis__difficultthantheoneyouaskedmeaboutyesterday.A.alotquitemoreB.quitealotmoreC.alotmorequiteD.verymuchmorequite11.Heisnot___asanyofus,butheisbraveenough.A.asagoodplayerB.asgoodaplayerC.aplayersogoodD.asogoodplayerBB 12.Theharderyouwork,____.A.thegreaterprogressyou’llmakeB.thegreateryou’llmakeprogressC.you’llmakethegreaterprogressD.you’llmakegreaterprogressA 13.ProfessorWhitehaswrittensomeshortstories,butheis___knownforhisplays.A.thebestB.moreC.betterD.themostC14.(NMET2001全国)Itisgenerallybelievedthatteachingis____itisascience.A.anartmuchasB.muchanartasC.asanartmuchasD.asmuchanartasD 15.Tom’shandwritingisbetterthan____.A.anyotherstudent’shandwritingB.anystudent’shandwritingelseC.anyoftheotherstudentsD.anystudenthandwriting16.(00’上海)Greenland,____islandintheworld,coversovertwomillionsquarekilometers.A.itisthelargestB.thatisthelargestC.isthelargestD.thelargestAD 17.Tomysurpriseheis____thanhisyoungersister.A.tallerB.lesstallerC.lessshorterD.lesstallD18.(NMET2000上海春)AlthoughLindatriedhardintheexam,shedid____thanherbrother.A.morebadlyB.muchbetterC.muchbadlyD.muchworseD V-ed&V-ing1.(03北京春)Mr.Smith,___ofthe____speech,startedtoreadanovel.A.tired;boringB.tiring;boredC.tired;boredD.tiring;boring2.(03上海)Itisbelievedthatifabookis____,itwillsurely____thereader.A.interested;interestB.interesting,be～edC.interested;be～ingD.～ing;interestAD 3.___thathedidn’tknowwhatdodo.A.SoexcitedhewasB.SoexcitinghewasC.SoexcitedwasheD.SoexcitingwasheC 4.(NMET2004上海春)Afterhisjourneyfromabroad,RichardJonesreturnedhome,_____.A.exhaustingB.exhaustedC.beingexhaustedD.havingexhaustedB 1.(2004江苏)The_____housesmellsasifithasn’tbeenlivedinforyears.A.littlewhitewoodenB.littlewoodenwhiteC.whitewoodenlittleD.woodenwhitelittleA描绘性形容词—大小---长短---新旧---颜色---国籍---材料修饰顺序 2.(2004辽宁)JohnSmith,asuccessfulbusinessman,hasa____car.A.largeGermanwhiteB.largewhiteGermanC.whitelargeGermanD.GermanlargewhiteB 3.(2004浙江)____studentsarerequiredtotakepartintheboatrace.A.TenstrongyoungChineseB.TenChinesestrongyoungC.ChinesetenyoungstrongD.YongstrongtenChineseA 4.(NMET2004上海春)Ihaveworkedwithhimforsometimeandhavefoundthatheis___thanJohn.A.moreefficiencyaworkerB.amoreefficientworkerC.moreanefficientworkerD.aworkermoreefficientlyB 5.(NMET2004上海春)______,somefamousscientistshavethequalitiesofbeingbothcarefulcancareless.A.StrangelyenoughB.EnoughstrangelyC.StrangeenoughD.EnoughstrangeA 6.Itissaidthatthereis___intoday’snewspaper.A.nothinginterestingB.interestingnothingC.nothingofinterestingD.nointerestinganythingA 高考演练 1.(NMET2004全国)Marykeptweighingherselftoseehowmuch___shewasgetting.A.heavierB.heavyC.theheavierD.theheaviestA 2.(NMET2004上海)HespeaksEnglishwellindeed,butofcoursenot____anativespeaker.A.asfluentasB.morefluentthanC.sofluentlyasD.muchfluentlythanC 3.(NMET2004湖南)Thatdoesn’tsoundveryfrightening,Paul,I’veseen____.Whatdidyoulikemostaboutthefilm?A.betterB.worseC.bestD.worstB 4.(NMET2003上海)Thehouserentisexpensive.I’vegotabouthalfthespaceIhadathomeandI’mpaying_____here.A.asthreetimesmuchB.asmuchthreetimesC.muchasthreetimesD.threetimesasmuchD 5.(NMET2003上海春)Aftersuppershewouldsitdownbythefire,sometimesfor_____anhour,thinkingofheryoungandhappydays.A.aslongasB.assoonasC.asmuchasD.asmanyasA 6.(NMET2002北京)Allthepeople____atthepartywerehissupporters.A.presentB.thankfulC.interestedD.importantA 7.(NMET2002上海)AsfarasIamconcerned,educationisaboutlearningandthemoreyoulearn,_____.A.themoreforlifeareyouequippedB.themoreequippedforlifeyouareC.themorelifeyouareequippedforD.youareequippedthemoreforlifeB 8.(NMET2002上海春)Themagazineisa(n)_______number.Youcantakeitoutofthereading–room.A.backB.pastC.oldD.formerA 9.(NMET2002全国)Borishasbrains.Infact,Idoubtwhetheranyoneintheclasshas______IQ.A.ahighB.ahigherC.thehigherD.thehighestB 10.(NMET2002京皖春)---I’mvery____withmyowncooking.Itlooksniceandsmellsdelicious.---Mm,itdoeshavea____smell.A.pleasant,pleasedB.pleased,pleasedC.pleasant,pleasantD.pleased,pleasantD 11.(NMET2002京皖春)Twomiddle-agedpassengersfellintothesea.____,neitherofthemcouldswim.A.InfactB.LuckilyC.UnfortunatelyD.NaturallyC 12.(NMET2001上海)Inrecentyearstravelcompanieshavesucceedinsellingustheideathatthefurtherwego,___.A.ourholidaywillbebetterB.ourholidaywillbethebetterC.thebetterourholidaywillbeD.thebetterwillourholidaybeC 13.(NMET2001上海)Accordingtothenewresearchgardeningisamore____exerciseforolderwomenthanjoggingorswimming.A.mentalB.physicalC.effectiveD.efficientC 14.(NMET2001上海春)Iwouldbevery___ifyoucouldgivemeanearlyreply.A.pleasantB.gratefulC.satisfiedD.helpfulB 15.(NMET2001上海春)HeleftinsuchahurrythatI____hadtimetothankhim.A.almostB.evenC.hardlyDnearly16.(NMET2001上海春)WhenyouturnontheTVset,clearpictureswill___appearonthescreen.A.rapidlyB.hurriedlyC.latelyD.immediatelyCD 17.(NMET2000上海)You’restandingtoonearthecamera.Canyoumove_____?A.abitfarB.alittlefartherC.abitoffartherD.alittlefarB 18.(NMET2000上海春)Therewasnonews;_____,shedidnotgiveuphope.A.moreoverB.thereforeC.butD.neverthelessD 19.Theoldmanisstillindanger.Heis__thanhewasyesterday.A.aswellasB.notworseC.nobetterD.moreworseC 20.(NMET2004上海)Somepeoplelikedrinkingcoffee,forithas____effects.A.promotingB.stimulatingC.enhancingD.encouragingB 21.Wouldyoube___domeafavour,please?A.kindenoughB.sokindastoC.sokindtoD.kindastoB 1.Youcan’tsitonthisnewlyboughtchair___.A.comfortB.comfortableC.comfortablyD.withcomfortable2.Theappletastes_____andsells___.A.well;wellB.good;goodC.good;wellD.well;good3.Youranswersounds_____.A.correctB.correctlyC.correctnessD.correctingCCA 4.Therewasa____talkbetweenthetwoteamslastweek.A.friendB.friendshipC.friendlyD.warmly5.Atthemeeting,theykept____allthetime.A.silentB.silenceC.quietlyD.quite6.Theyalllooked_____atthemasterandfeltquite_____.A.sad;sadB.sadly;sadlyC.sad;sadlyD.sadly;sadCAD 7.—Mum,IthinkI’m__togetbacktoschool.--Notreally,mydear.You’dbetterstayathomeforanotherdayortwo.A.sowellB.sogoodC.wellenoughD.goodenoughC8.wedecidednottoclimbthemountainsbecauseitwasraining____.A.badlyB.hardlyC.stronglyD.heavilyD 9.Johnwassosleepythathecouldhardlykeephiseyes____.A.openB.tobeopenedC.toopenD.openingA10.(02北京)Itwasrainingheavily.LittleMaryfeltcold,soshestood_____tohermother.A.closeB.closelyC.closedD.closingAhigh/highly,deep/deeply,wide/widely,etc.