2014高考英语语法主谓倒装 5页

高考英语语法：主谓倒装一.总述:参看语法框架中前置与倒装部分二.倒装主要用于以下情形之下:1.含有否定含义的连词或副词或词组(如:not,notonly,never,little,seldom,hardly,hardly...when...,nosooner...than...,atnotime,neither,nor,neverbefore,notuntil等)位于句首时,常用部分倒装的语序a.Notasinglemistakedidhemakeintheexam.b.NevershallIforgetdaywhenIwaswithher.c.Notonlycanheplaythepiano,buthealsocanwritesongs.d.HardlyhadIreachedthebusstopwhenthebusstarted.e.Littledoessheknowwhatmayhappen.f.SeldomhaveImetherrecently.g.Notuntilafterthewardidhereturnhome.h.NosoonerhadIreachedhomethanitbegantorainheavily.notonly...butalso...连接两个主语时,notonly即使是在句首,也不用倒装语序a.Notonlythestudentsbutalsotheteacherswenttheretolistentothelecture.2.由于主语太长或为了强调而将地点状语(多为介词短语)或表语前置时,多用全部倒装的语序a.InalecturehallofauniversityinEnglandsitsaprofessor.b.Outsidetheclassroomstoodaboy.c.Behindthefarmhousewasabigtree.d.OntheblackboardwerethewordswritteninEnglish:Welcometoourclass!e.Underthebigtreewassittinganoldfarmer.f.Atthefootofthehillliesabeautiful-5- lake.3.only修饰的状语位于句首时,用部分倒装的语序a.OnlythendidIrealizethatIwaswrong.b.Onlyinthiswaycanyoulearnitbyheart.c.Onlyafterthecountrywasliberatedin1949washeabletoliveahappylife.4.有时为强调或表达生动,将now,here,there,out,in,up,down,away等副词前置,句子用全部倒装的语序a.Nowcomesyourturn.b.Herecomesthetaxi.c.Theregoesthebell.d.Outrushedtheschoolboys.e.Awayflewthebirds.f.Downcametherain.g.Thedoorburstopenandinrushedastranger.在以上情况下,当主语为代词时,主谓不倒装a.Thereitis.b.Awayhewent.5.用于以so开头表示也,以neither/nor开头表示也不的句型①.句型so+不完全动词+主语表示也,即上文所述的肯定情况对于本句的主语来说也是如此a.TheywenttotheSummerPalacelastSunday.Sodidwe.b.HehasbeentotheGreatWall.SohaveI.②.句型neither/nor+不完全动词+主语表示也不,即上文所述的否定情况对于本句的主语来说也不如此a.Ididn’tdomyhomeworkyesterdayevening.Neither/Nordid-5- he.b.Thestudentsarenotintheclassroom.Neither/Norwastheteacher.6.直接引语前置时,如果主语是名词,常用全部倒装的语序;如果主语是代词,往往不用倒装语序a.Youalldidwellintheexam.saidtheteacher.b.Whoareyoulookingfor?sheasked/askedMary.c.Thatisunfair!shoutedtheman/heshouted.7.用于以were,had,should等词开头的虚拟条件句(参看虚拟语气部分)a.Hadyouaskedme,Iwouldhavetoldyoueverything.=Ifyouhadaskedme,Iwouldhavetoldyoueverything.b.Werehehere,wewouldbeabletosolvetheproblem.=Ifhewerehere,wewouldbeabletosolvetheproblem.c.Shouldyouchangeyourmind,letmeknow.=Ifyoushouldchangeyourmind,letmeknow.8.在sothat和suchas的句型中,so/such前置时,句子要用部分倒装的语序a.Soshallowisthelakethatnofishcanliveinit.=Thelakeissoshallowthatnofishcanliveinit.b.Suchagoodstudentwashethateveryonelikedhim.=Hewassuchagoodstudentthateveryonelikedhim.三.应注意的问题:注意倒装句中的主谓一致问题.因为在倒装句中,主语不在句首,因此首先要弄清句子的主语是什么,再确定谓语的形式a.Onthewallhangsalargepicture.b.HerearesomebooksaboutEnglishlanguagelearning.c.Suchwerehiswords.a.Thereitis.b.Awayhewent.5.用于以so开头表示也,以neither/nor开头表示-5- 也不的句型①.句型so+不完全动词+主语表示也,即上文所述的肯定情况对于本句的主语来说也是如此a.TheywenttotheSummerPalacelastSunday.Sodidwe.b.HehasbeentotheGreatWall.SohaveI.②.句型neither/nor+不完全动词+主语表示也不,即上文所述的否定情况对于本句的主语来说也不如此a.Ididn’tdomyhomeworkyesterdayevening.Neither/Nordidhe.b.Thestudentsarenotintheclassroom.Neither/Norwastheteacher.6.直接引语前置时,如果主语是名词,常用全部倒装的语序;如果主语是代词,往往不用倒装语序a.Youalldidwellintheexam.saidtheteacher.b.Whoareyoulookingfor?sheasked/askedMary.c.Thatisunfair!shoutedtheman/heshouted.7.用于以were,had,should等词开头的虚拟条件句(参看虚拟语气部分)a.Hadyouaskedme,Iwouldhavetoldyoueverything.=Ifyouhadaskedme,Iwouldhavetoldyoueverything.b.Werehehere,wewouldbeabletosolvetheproblem.=Ifhewerehere,wewouldbeabletosolvetheproblem.c.Shouldyouchangeyourmind,letmeknow.=Ifyoushouldchangeyourmind,letmeknow.8.在sothat和suchas的句型中,so/such前置时,句子要用部分倒装的语序a.Soshallowisthelakethatnofishcanliveinit.=Thelakeissoshallowthatnofishcanliveinit.b.Suchagoodstudentwashethateveryonelikedhim.=Hewassuchagoodstudentthateveryonelikedhim.三.应注意的问题:注意倒装句中的主谓一致问题.因为在倒装句中,主语不在句首,因此首先要弄清句子的主语是什么,-5- 再确定谓语的形式a.Onthewallhangsalargepicture.b.HerearesomebooksaboutEnglishlanguagelearning.c.Suchwerehiswords.-5-