高中英语语法专题之倒装 18页

一、倒装句之全部倒装　全部倒装是指将句子中的谓语动词置于主语之前。此结构通常只用与一般现在时和一般过去时。常见的结构有：1)here,there,now,then等副词置于句首.　　Theregoesthebell.Hereisyourletter.Herecomesthebus.Herecomesmylistofdosanddon’ts.Nowcomesyourchancetoshine.Thencamethechairman.2)表示方向、地点(方位)的副词或介词词组（通常是句子的表语和状语）置于句首，句子用全部倒装.Downcametherain.Awaywentthegirlwithouttellinganyone.Outrushedtheman,guninhand.Outcamethesun.IntothehallcamethreewomenAheadofmesatanoldwoman.Aroundthelakearemanyoldcastles.Eastofthetownliesabeautifullake.InalecturehallofauniversityinEnglandsitsa18 professor.3）如果直接引语位于句首，句子通常用全部倒装。如：“Iseverythingreadyyet?”askedHuXintothephotographer.4).如果句子的表语位于句首。Beautifulisthehouse.注意：上述全部倒装的句子的主语必须是名词，如果主语是代词则不倒装。Herehecomes.　　　　Awaytheywent.二、倒装句之部分倒装　部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态动词倒装至主语之前。如果句中的谓语没有助动词或情态动词，则需添加助动词do,does或did，并将其置于主语之前。(部分倒装通常采用一般疑问句的语序)1、句首为否定词或词语，如no,not,never,seldom,little,hardly,atnotime,innoway,notuntil…,Notonly…butalso,Hardly/Scarcely…when,Nosooner…than等。NeverhaveIseensuchaperformance.Nowherewillyoufindtheanswertothisquestion.18 Themotherdidn’tleavetheroomuntilthechildfellasleep.Notuntilthechildfellasleep/12:00didthemotherleavetheroom.Notonlydidherefusethegift,healsoseverelycriticizedthesender.Hardlyhadshegoneoutwhenastudentcametovisither.Nosoonerhadshegoneoutthanastudentcametovisither.注意：①当Notuntil引出主从复合句，主句倒装，从句不倒装。②如否定词不在句首不倒装。Ihaveneverseensuchaperformance.Themotherdidn"tleavetheroomuntilthechildfellasleep.典型例题　　①---Whycan"tIsmokehere?　---Atnotime___inthemeeting-roomA.issmokingpermitted　B.smokingispermittedC.smokingisitpermitted　D.doessmokingpermit答案A.18 这是一个倒装问题。当否定词语置于句首以表示强调时，句子用部分倒装结构。这些否定词包括no,little,hardly,seldom,never,notonly,notuntil等。本题的正常语序是Smokingispermittedinthemeeting-roomatnotime.②Notuntiltheearlyyearsofthe19thcentury___whatheatis.A.mandidknow　B.manknow　C.didn"tmanknow　D.didmanknow　答案D.　看到Notuntil…的句型，我们知道为一倒装句，答案在C，D中选一个。　改写为正常语序为，Mandidnotknowwhatheatisuntiltheearlyyearsofthe19thcentury.现在将not提前，后面就不能再用否定了,否则意思就变了。　③Nosooner___thanitbegantorainheavily.A.thegamebeganB.hasthegamebegunC.didthegamebegin　　　D.hadthegamebegun答案D.以具有否定意义的副词放在句首时，一般采用倒装句(谓语前置)。这类表示否定意义的词有never,seldom,scarcely,little,few,not,hardly,以及notonly…but(also),nosooner…than,hardly…whenscarcely…when　等等。注意：只有当Notonly…but18 also连接两个分句时，才在第一个分句用倒装结构。如果置于句首的Notonly…butalso仅连接两个并列词语，不可用倒装结构。NotonlyyoubutalsoIamfondofmusic.2、so,neither,nor作部分倒装表示"也"、"也不"的句子要部分倒装。　　　　TomcanspeakFrench.SocanJack.Ifyouwon"tgo,neitherwillI.Ifhegoesthere.SowillI.典型例题---DoyouknowJimquarreledwithhisbrother?---Idon"tknow,_____.A.nordon"tIcare　　B.nordoIcare　　C.Idon"tcareneither　　D.Idon"tcarealso答案：B.nor为增补意思"也不关心"，因此句子应倒装。A错在用don"t再次否定，Cneither用法不对且缺乏连词。D缺乏连词。　注意：当so引出的句子用以对上文内容加以证实或肯定时，不可用倒装结构。意为"的确如此"。TomaskedmetogotoplayfootballandsoIdid.---It"sraininghard.　　　---Soitis.18 Heaskedmetoopenthedoor.Ididso.---Heisagoodstudentandheworkshard.--soitiswithsb.=itisthesamewithsb.3、only引导的状语在句首，句子要部分倒装。Onlyinthisway,canyoulearnEnglishwell.Onlyafterbeingaskedthreetimesdidhecometothemeeting.如果句子为主从复合句，则主句倒装，从句不倒装Onlywhenheisseriouslyill,doesheeverstayinbed.4.as,though引导的倒装句as/though引导的让步状语从句须将表语，状语或谓语部分的动词原形提前。注意：1)句首名词不能带任何冠词。　　　2)句首是实义动词,其他助动词放在主语后。如果实义动词有宾语和状语,随实义动词一起放在主语之前。如：Childasheis,heisverystrong.InterestedasIaminthework,Iwillnottakeit.Fastasherun,hedidn’twintherelayrace.Tryhardashewill,heneverseemsabletodotheworksatisfactorily.18 另外尤其需要指出的是，as引导的状语从句，必须得倒装，而though引导的状语从句,可以倒也可以不到。5.其他部分倒装1)　so…that或such…that句型中的so…或such…位于句首时，主句需倒装。Sofrightenedwashethathedidnotdaretomoveaninch.Suchagoodfilmisitthatwealllikeit.2)在某些表示祝愿的句型中：Mayyoubehappy.Mayyousucceed.(May+正常语序的句子，谓语动词用原形)一、选择填空:1.─Youlikesinginganddancing.　─_______________.A.SodoI　B.SoIdoC.Idoso　D.doIso2.---Hermotherisawarm-heartedoldlady.　---_________.A.Somymotheris　B.SoismymotherC.Ismymotherso　D.Mymothersois3.---Thefairystory"SnowWhite"isveryinteresting.---_____18 .A.Soitis　B.SoisitC.Itisso　D.Isitso4.Youdidn"tgoforanoutingattheseashore._____________.A.NeitherdoI　　B.NeitherdidIC.Ididn"tneither　D.DidneitherI5.---MarxwasborninGermany,andGermanwashisnativelanguage.---_______________.A.SoitwaswithEngels　B.SowasEngelsC.SoEngelswas　　　　　D.WasEngelsso6.─Look.There______.　─Oh,there________.A.comesthebus；comesitB.thebuscomes；itcomes　C.comesthebus；itcomesD.thebuscomes；comesit7.Notuntil_____sixteen_______toschool.A.hewas；didhego　B.hewas；hewentC.washe；hedidgo　D.washe；wenthe8.Notuntilthenextmorning_________.A.didMarycomeback　B.MarycamebackC.cameMaryback　　　D.camebackMary9.Hardly_______whenitbegantorain.18 A.hadhegothome　B.hehadgothomeC.hadgothomehe　D.hehomehadgot10.Nosooner_______thanhefellasleep.A.hisheadhadtouchedthepillowB.hadhisheadtouchedthepillowC.touchedthepillowhisheadhadD.touchedthepillowhadhishead11.Little____________.A.didIthinkofit　B.IthoughtofitC.didthinkIofit　D.thoughtofitI12.Seldom__________.A.LiLiherfeelingsshowedB.didshowLiLiherfeelingsC.LiLishowedherfeelingsD.didLiLishowherfeelings13.Neverbeforeinherlife__________suchbeautifulandpreciousjewelry.A.hesawB.didheseeC.hassheseenD.shehasseen14.Manyatime_____________thechesscompetition.A.hadtakenhepartinB.hetakenpartinhadC.hadhetakenpartin　D.hehadtakenpartin18 15.Sobusy___________thathehasnotimetospare.A.hewas　　B.washe　　C.heis　　D.ishe16._________withabunchofflowersinherhand.A.Agirlincame　B.CameinagirlC.Incameagirl　　D.Agirlcamein17.Out____________.A.frombehindatalltreeranalittleboyB.frombehindatalltreealittleboyranC.ranalittleboyfrombehindatalltreeD.alittleboyranfrombehindatalltree18.Intheclearbluesky__________.A.doesshinethebrightmoon.B.thebrightmoondoesshineC.shinesthebrightmoonD.thebrightmoonshines19.Onlyinthisway_____________.A.wecanwelldoit　　　B.canwewelldoitC.wecandoitwell　　　D.canwedoitwell20.Onlywhenhehasfinishedhishomework____________.A.isabletoheplaywithhisfriendsforawhileB.heabletoplaywithishisfriendsfora18 whileC.isheabletoplaywithhisfriendsforawhileD.heisabletoplaywithhisfriendsforawhile21.________,hecontinuedhisstudy.A.Lateasitwas　B.AsitwaslateC.Latealthoughitwas　D.Althoughwasitlate22.Nextdoortous_____________.A.livesanoldman,whoisanoverseasChineseB.doesanoldmanlive,whoisanoverseasChineseC.anoldmanliveswhoisanoverseasChineseD.anoldmanwhoisanoverseasChinesedoeslive23.___________asyoungasyou,Iwouldstudyhard.A.WasI　B.WereI　C.IfIam　　D.IfIwas24._____________sohard,theywouldn"thavewonsuchgreatsuccess.A.Hasn"ttheytrained　B.Iftheyhasn"ttrainC.Hadn"ttheytrained　D.Iftheydidn"ttrain25.Notasingleword_____________whenheleft.A.didspeakheB.spokeheC.didhespeakD.hespoke26.─Idon"tthinkIcanwalkanyfurther.　─__________.Let"sstophereforarest.A.NeitheramI　B.NeithercanI18 C.Ithinkso　　D.Idon"tthinkso27.Bequick!________________.A.Thebuscomeshere　B.ThebusherecomesC.Herethebuscomes　D.Herecomesthebus28.---John"snotbeentoLondon.---____________.A.Benisn"teither　B.NeitherisBenC.NorBenhas　　　D.NeitherhasBen29.---ThedoctoraskedCharlietobreathedeeply.---_______.A.Charliedoesso　B.CharliedidsoC.SodoesCharlie　D.SodidCharlie30.____________,hedoesnotknowtheanswer.A.AsMr.SmithisateacherB.AsMr.SmithisteacherC.AteacherasMr.SmithisD.TeacherasMr.Smithis31._______sobusy,Ishouldgowithyou.A.WereInot　　B.WasInotC.IfIamnot　　D.Iwerenot32.Inthefrontoftheclassroom_______________.A.isthedeskfortheteacherB.hasthedeskoftheteacher18 C.itisadeskfortheteacherD.hasitadeskoftheteacher33.Onthetopofthehill　___________.A.doesatemplestand　B.atemplestandsthereC.standsatemple　　　D.atemplestands34.Notonly_________　butalsoshelikessinging.A.shelikespainting　　B.doesshelikepaintingC.likespaintingshe　　D.shedoeslikepainting35.Now______________.A.comesyourturn　B.doesyourturncomeC.yourturncomes　D.yourturndoescome36.____________happy.A.Youmaybe　B.MayyoubeC.Beyoumay　D.Maybeyou37.Thestudentshavelearnedalotfromtheworkersand　___________.A.sotheteachershave　　　B.havetheteacherssoC.sohavetheteachers　　　D.havesotheteachers二、选择翻译正确的句子(10题,每题3分)1.直到天黑了那些孩子们才意识到太晚回不了家了。A.Notuntildarkdidtheboysrealizeitwastoolatetoreturn18 home.B.Notuntildarktheboysrealizeditwastoolatetoreturnhome.C.Untildarktheboysrealizeditwastoolatetoreturnhome.2.直到她摘下了墨镜,我才看出来她是著名影星。A.ItwasnotuntildidshetakeoffherdarkglassesthatdidIrealizeshewasafamousfilmstar.B.ItwasnotuntilshetookoffherdarkglassesthatdidIrealizeshewasafamousfilmstar.C.NotuntilshetookoffherdarkglassesdidIrealizeshewasafamousfilmstar.3.我刚合上眼,电话铃就响了。A.HardlyhadIclosedmyeyesthanthephonerang.　B.NosoonerIhadclosedmyeyesthanthephonerang.C.NosoonerhadIclosedmyeyesthanthephonerang.4.虽然她是一个妇女,但她能做那件事。A.Awomanassheis,sheisabletodothat.B.Womanassheis,sheisabletodothat.C.Assheisawoman,sheisabletodothat.18 5.他虽然努力了,但考试未能及格。A.Ashetriedhard,hedidnotpasstheexamination.B.Hardalthoughhetried,hedidnotpasstheexamination.C.Hardashetried,hedidnotpasstheexamination.6.我不但去过杭州市,而且我在那儿度过了我的童年。A.NotonlyhaveIbeentothecityofHangzhou,but(also)Ispentmychildhoodthere.B.NotonlyIhavebeentothecityofHangzhou,but(also)didIspendmychildhoodthere.C.NotonlyIhavebeentothecityofHangzhou,but(also)Ispentmychildhoodthere.7.只有下课了,他才能和他的朋友们一起踢足球。A.Onlywhentheclasswasoverwasheabletoplayfootballwithhisfriends.B.Onlywhentheclasswasoverhewasabletoplayfootballwithhisfriends.C.Onlywhenwastheclassoverhewasabletoplayfootballwithhisfriends.8.他是一个美国人,不会说汉语.他的妻子也是美国人,她也不会说汉语。A.HeisAmericanandhecan"tspeakChinese.Soishis18 wife.B.HeisAmericanandhecan"tspeakChinese.Soitiswithhiswife.C.HeisAmericanandhecan"tspeakChineseNeithercanhiswife.9.“你喜欢唱歌。”“我确实喜欢。”A.“Youlikesinging.”“SoIdo.”B.“Youlikesinging.”“SodoI.”C.“Youlikesinging.”“Idoso.”10.只有他会说日语。A.OnlyhecanspeakJapanese.B.OnlycanhespeakJapanese.C.OnlycanspeakheJapanese.1. Look!__________.A.Hereyourteachercomes B.ComeshereyoursisterC.Yourteachercomeshere D.Herecomesyourteacher2. Onlywhenyouhavefinishedyourhomework__________gohome.A.canyou B.wouldyou C.youwill D.youcan3. Seldom__________anymistakesduringmypastfewyearsofworking18 here.A.wouldImake B.didImake C.Ididmake D.shallImake4. Notonlywassheworkinghard,__________.A.howbeautifulshewas B.wasshehelpfulC.butalsoshewaspolite D.whatabeautifulgirl5. __________weshallgoonapicnic.A.Theweatherisfine  B.ShouldweatherbefineC.Theweatherbefine D.Wouldweatherbefine6. __________,shewasalreadyalawyer.A.Howyoungwasshe B.Asshewasyoung C.Youngasshewas D.Youngthoughshewas7. Heisagoodstudent,andworksveryhard,__________.A.soitiswithher B.sodoesshe C.soisshe D.neitherdoesshe8. __________arethedayswhenteacherswerelookeddownupon.A.Gone B.Go C.Togo D.Going9. Manyatime__________swimmingalone.A.theboywent B.wenttheboy C.didtheboygo D.18 didgotheboy10. Then__________theCivilWar.A.didfollow B.followed C.doesfollow D.following11. __________richandstrong!A.Ourcountrymaygo B.MayyourcountrygoC.Yourcountrygoes D.DoesYourcountrygo12. __________thiswayorthatway?A.DidIgo B.ShallIgo C.Ishillgo D.Ishouldgo13. “IsthereanythingIcandoforyou?”,__________.A.Mrs.Brownsaid B.DidMrs.Brownask C.Mrs.Browndidask D.askedMrs.Brown14. __________ontheshelf!A.Twobottlesarethere  B.TherearetwobottlesC.Aretheretwobottles  D.Twobottlesthereare18