- 27.50 KB
- 2022-06-17 15:26:27 发布
- 1、本文档共5页,可阅读全部内容。
- 2、本文档内容版权归属内容提供方,所产生的收益全部归内容提供方所有。如果您对本文有版权争议,可选择认领,认领后既往收益都归您。
- 3、本文档由用户上传,本站不保证质量和数量令人满意,可能有诸多瑕疵,付费之前,请仔细先通过免费阅读内容等途径辨别内容交易风险。如存在严重挂羊头卖狗肉之情形,可联系本站下载客服投诉处理。
- 文档侵权举报电话:19940600175。
初中英语语法之非谓语动词 1.定义:动词除在句子中作谓语以外,还具有名词、形容词及副词的性质,在句中可作主语、表语、宾语、定语、状语和补语等,这就是动词的非谓语动词。可分为三种:动词不定式、分词和动名词。 2.动词不定式:to+动词原形。 1)一般式:主动语态:todo,被动语态:tobe+动词过去分词 2)进行式:主动语态:tobedoing,被动语态:无 3)完成式:主动语态:tohave+动词过去分词,被动语态:tohavebeen+动词过去分词 4)用法: A.作主语:Tolearnaforeignlanguageisnoteasy.=It’snoteasytolearnaforeignlanguage. B.作表语:Themostimportantthingistofinishtheworkontime. C.作宾语: a.动词+todo.Hedecidedtobuyanewwatch. b.动词+疑问词+todoIdon’tknowwheretoputthebike
. c.动词+形式宾语+宾补+todoIfinditimportanttolearnasecondforeignlanguage. D.作补语: a.动词+宾语+todoTomaskedmetoshowhimthenewshoes. b.动词+宾语+不带to的动词HeoftensawTomplayfootball. E.作状语: a.表示目的:HewenttoGuangzhoutoseehissons.Hegotupearlyinordertocatchthefirstbus. b.表示结果:Heistootiredtowalkanyfarther.Theyaren’toldenoughtogotoschool. c.表示原因:Heissorrytohearthat.Iamgladtoseeyou. F.作定语:Ihavesomethingtotellyou.Iwanttobuysomethingtoeat. 5)动词不定式to的省略: A.在感官动词feel,hear,see,watch,notice及使役动词have,let,make等后面要省to,但在变被动语态时要还原不定式to. Ioftensawhimgooutoftheroom.——Hewasoftenseentogooutoftheroombyme
. B.在hadbetter,wouldrather,donothingbut等后面常省to. 6)动词不定式的否定形式:not+todo,有时也可以用-never+todo结构。 3.动名词:动词原形+ing.具有名词、动词一些特征。 1)一般式:主动语态:doing,被动语态:being+动词过去分词 2)完成式:主动语态:having+动词过去分词,被动语态:havingbeen+动词过去分词Childrenenjoywatchinganimatedcartoon.Idon’trememberhavingeverseenthefilm. 3)动名词的否定形式:not+动名词Iregretnotbeingabletohelpyou. 4)用法: A.作主语: a.动名词作主语如果太长,可以用形式主语it代替。LearningEnglishisveryimportant.——It’sveryimportanttolearnEnglish. b.No+动名词表示“禁止”。Nosmoking,Noparking. B.作宾语:Hefinisheddoinghishomework. C.作表语:Hisfavouritesportisplayingbasketball. D.作定语:shoppingbasket,finishingline.
E.动名词的复合结构:名词所有格、形容词物主代词+动名词。Doyoumindmy/WeiFang’sopeningthewindow? 4.分词:动词原形+ing.具有形容词、副词和动词一些特征。 现在分词 1)一般式:主动语态:doing,被动语态:being+动词过去分词 2)完成式:主动语态:having+动词过去分词,被动语态:havingbeen+动词过去分词 3)动名词的否定形式:not+动名词Nounderstandingthemeaningofthewords,hecouldn’texplainthesentence. 4)用法: A.作表语。Theresultissurprising. B.作定语。Developingcountrysleepingboy C.作状语。Passingbythehouse,hesawagirlplayingthepiano.=whenhewaspassingbythehouse,hesawagirlplayingthepiano. D.作宾补。Ifoundhimlyingonthegrass. 过去分词 1)形式:规则动词+ed,和不规则动词的过去分词。 2)过去分词的否定形式:not+
动词过去分词。 3)用法: A.作表语:Mybikeisbroken.Heisveryworried. B.作定语:developedcountry,fallenleaves,spokenEnglish. C.作状语:Askedwhyhewasabsent,hesaidhewasill.=Whenhewasaskedwhyhewasabsent,hesaidhewasill. D.作宾补:Youhadbetterhaveyourshoesmended.Ihadmyhaircutyesterday.