初中英语语法梳理和提高：宾语从句讲解及试题　 4页

初中英语语法梳理和提高：宾语从句讲解及试题知识梳理：提纲挈领，抓住重点和难点！1.在句中担3宾语的从句叫宾语从句，宾语从句讨作谓语动词的宾语，也可做介词的宾语。eg,Hesaidhewasgoodatdrawing.(动词宾语)HeaskshimhowlongMikehasbeendown.｛动词宾语)MissZhangisangryatwhatyousaid.(介词宾语｝2.宾语从句的引导词有三类：(1)以that引导的宾语从句，主要用來引导句形式的宾语从句，that可以省略。eg,Theradiosays(that)thecloudswillIiftlateron.Shetoldme(that)shewouldliketogowithus.(2)以连接代词which,what,who等或连接副词how,where,why等引导的宾语从句，从句是陈述语序eg,Couldyoutellmewhat"sthematterwithu?Iwanttoknowhowsoonitwillbegin.(3＞以whether或if引导的宾语从句，主要用來引导一般疑问句意思或选择疑问句意思的宾语从句，从句同样是陈述语序eg,lwonderif/whetheruhavetoldthenewtoLiLei.3.宾语从句的时态(1)当主句为一般现在时态、现在进行时态、或一般将來时态时，从句可用所需要的任何时态。eg,Iwanttoknowwhattimehegotupthismorning.Youaretellingmethatyouwon"tstopuntiltomorrow?(2)当主句为一般过去时态时，从句要用于过去有关的时态。egjheyaskedwhatJeanwasdoingnow.Lindasaidthatthetrainhadleft.(3)当从句表述的是客观真理或自然现象时，宾语从句要使用一般现在时。eg,Lisaaskedwhetherlighttravelsfasterthansound.Pollysaidnonewsisagoodnews注意：一般情况下，whether和if可以互用，但有些情况例外。1.当从句做介词的宾于是只用whether不用ifeg,Wearetaikingaboutwhetherwe"llgoonthepinic. 1.引导词与动词不定式或not连用时，只用whether.eg,PIeaseletmeknowwhattodonext.CouldyoutelImewhetherugoornot?2.if当如果讲时，引导的是条件状语从句，这时不能用whether.eg,Youcan"tworktheplanoutifyoudon"thavethemeeting.例题解析：举一反三，学的更轻松！1.Theteacheraskedthestudents.A.iftheywereinterestedindinosaursB.whenwasAIbertEinsteinbornC.whattheywiIIdowiththecomputersD.howmanytreestheyhaveplanted解析：宾语从句中从句应保持陈述语序，答案B首先删去，主句一般过去式，从句要用于过去有关的时态，删去答案C和D,答案A中的if意为如果.应选A2.CouldyoutelIme?A.whatthematteriswithyouB.whatwasthematterwithyouC•hat"sthematterwithyouD.what"sthewrongwithyou.解析：what就是从句的主语，what"sthematterwithyou本身就是陈述语序，因此删掉A;主句可看作是委婉的请求，并是一般过去式，W删去答案B;wrong前不用加the,因此此题选C.3.HeaskedmeIcouldsingthesongHMyHeartwillGoOn.HA.ifB.weatherC.whatD.that解析:此句应选含有疑问意思的关系代词，故删去D;weather意为天气，根据句意应选A.4.Ourteachertoldusthatthemoonroundtheearth.A.wentB.tumedC.goD.turns解析：从句是一个客观真理，因此从句的时态不受主句影响。应选D5.Itmakesnodifference.A.whetherwillyoucometomorrow.B.WhetherornotwillbepasstheexamC.IfhewillcometothemeetingornotD.WhetherhewiIIcometothemeetingornot解析：答案A和B从句不是陈述语序先删掉Jf不能与not连用。因此此题选D6.Theydon"tknowtheirparentsare.A.thatB.whatC.whyD.which 解析：what表示职业，因此选B.7.1amsureyousaidistrue.A.whatB.thatC.whichD.who解析：根据句意应用what,做said的内鞞，你所说的话。应选A.8.TheoldmantoIdusand.A.todowhat,todohowB.whattodoit,howtodoitC.whattodo,howtodoitD.whattodo,howtodo解析：疑问词what即连接不定式，又做do的宾语；而在how引导的不定式短语中,how表示方式，do为及物动词，因此需接宾语才正确应选C练习与巩固：熟能生巧，取得好成绩！1.---DoyouknowwhentheWorldCupnextweek?NextFriday.WhenitJwillringyou.A.begins,beginsB.begins,willbeginC.willbegin,willbeginD.willbegin,begins2.---Todayortomorrow?—Whatareyoutalkingabout?••-WearetalkingabouttogiveatalkonWTO.A.howB.whereC.whenD.what3.1wonder.A.wheredoesheliveB.whereheliveC.heliveswhereD.wherehelives1.••-Areyousureyouhaveto?It’sbeenveryIate.1don"tknowIcandoitifnotnow.A.whereB.whyC.whenD.how2.—WouIdyoupleasetellme?---InasmallvillagenearNiingbo.A.wherewasyourmotherbornB.whereyourmotherwasbornC.whenwasyourmotherbornD.whenyourmotherwasborn6.Thephotographwillshowyou.A.whatdoesourvillagelooklikeB.whatourvillageIookslikeC.howdoesourvillageIooklikeD.howourvillagelookslike5.―Canyouguessiftheytoplaybasketballwithus?••-1thinkthey"llcomeiftheyfree. A.willcome,willbeB.willcome,areC.come,areD.come,willbe5.——Wheredoeshecomefrom?——Pardon?---1askedwhere.A....didhecomefromB.hecamefromC.hecomesfromD.doeshecomefrom6.Shewondered.A.howmuchhecostthecomputerB.howmuchhepaidforthecomputerC.howmuchthecomputerwillcosthimD.howmuchdidhespendonthecomputer7.---Doyouknow?…I"mnotsure.Maybeheisabusinessman.A.whoheisB.whoisheC.whathedoesD.whatdoeshedo1-5DCDCB6-10BBBBA