沪教版小学英语语法及练习 18页

第1讲改否定句【知识点】1、句子中有am/is/are/can时，直接在后面加not，其他不变，抄下来；2、句子中没有am/is/are/can时，找到动词，在动词前面加don’t/doesn’t，其他不变，抄下来。【练习题】1、IamMike.否定句：____________________________________________________2、Thisisapen.否定句：____________________________________________________3、Youareaboy.否定句：____________________________________________________4、Theycanswim.否定句：____________________________________________________5、Ilikeapples.否定句：____________________________________________________6、IamDanny.否定句：____________________________________________________7、Thisismyruler.否定句：____________________________________________________8、Thosearehisrobots.否定句：____________________________________________________9、Youcangotohavealook.否定句：____________________________________________________10、Iknowhisname.否定句：____________________________________________________11、Iamastudent.否定句：____________________________________________________12、Itisanapple.18 否定句：____________________________________________________1、Theyaremybooks.否定句：____________________________________________________2、Icanseeaboat.否定句：____________________________________________________3、Standup.否定句：____________________________________________________4、IaminGrade3.否定句：____________________________________________________5、SheisYangLing.否定句：____________________________________________________6、Weareteachers.否定句：____________________________________________________7、Icandrawatoycar.否定句：____________________________________________________8、JackspeaksEnglishverywell.否定句：____________________________________________________第1讲18 第1讲改一般疑问句【知识点】1、句子中有am/is/are/can时，放句首，其他不变，抄下来。2、句子中没有am/is/are/can时，用Do/Does放句首，其他不变，抄下来。3、I变you，Iam变Areyou。4、标点变问号。肯定回答：Yes，人称+am/is/are/can/do。否定回答：No，人称+am/is/are/can/do+not。【练习题】1、IamMike.一般疑问句：______________________________________________肯定回答：__________________________________________________否定回答：__________________________________________________2、Thisisapen.一般疑问句：______________________________________________肯定回答：__________________________________________________否定回答：__________________________________________________3、Youareaboy.一般疑问句：______________________________________________肯定回答：__________________________________________________否定回答：__________________________________________________4、Theycanswim.一般疑问句：______________________________________________肯定回答：__________________________________________________否定回答：__________________________________________________5、Ilikeapples.一般疑问句：______________________________________________肯定回答：__________________________________________________否定回答：__________________________________________________18 1、IamDanny.一般疑问句：______________________________________________肯定回答：__________________________________________________否定回答：__________________________________________________2、Thisismyruler.一般疑问句：______________________________________________肯定回答：__________________________________________________否定回答：__________________________________________________3、Thosearehisrobots.一般疑问句：______________________________________________肯定回答：__________________________________________________否定回答：__________________________________________________4、Youcangotohavealook.一般疑问句：______________________________________________肯定回答：__________________________________________________否定回答：__________________________________________________5、Iknowhisname.一般疑问句：______________________________________________肯定回答：__________________________________________________否定回答：__________________________________________________第1讲18 第1讲改肯定句【知识点】1、一般疑问句改肯定句（1）将句首的am/is/are/can放回主语后面，其它照抄，标点改成句号。例如：Isshetall?Sheistall.（2）句首是Do、Does的，去掉Do、Does，其它照抄，动词用原形，标点改成句号。如果主语是第三人称单数，谓语也要改为第三人称单数形式。例如：Doyoulikeapples？肯定句：Ilikeapples.2、否定句改肯定句（1）句子中有am/is/are/can时，直接把am/is/are/can后面的not去掉，其他照抄。例如：Ican’trun.Icanrun.（2）句子中有don’t或doesn’t时，直接去掉don’t或doesn’t，其他照抄。如果主语是第三人称单数，谓语也要改为第三人称单数形式。例如：Don’tshut.Shut.【练习题】1、Isthistallboythin?________________________________________________________2、Areyourearssmall?________________________________________________________3、CanSarahcleantheclassroom?________________________________________________________4、Doyouliketheducks?________________________________________________________5、Isthistheplayground?________________________________________________________6、Areyouaboy?________________________________________________________7、Cantheyswim?________________________________________________________8、Doeshelikethedogs?18 ________________________________________________________1、Iamnotaboy.________________________________________________________2、Samisn’tsad.________________________________________________________3、Wearen’tstudyingEnglish.________________________________________________________4、Ican’tdance________________________________________________________5、Don’topenthepencil-box.________________________________________________________6、Hedoesn’tknowyourname.________________________________________________________7、IamnotDanny.________________________________________________________8、Themanisn’twalkinginthestreet.________________________________________________________9、Theyaren’tintheclassroom.________________________________________________________10、Hermothercan’trideabicycle.________________________________________________________11、Wedon’thavelunchat12:00everyday.________________________________________________________12、Tomdoesn’twalktoschool.________________________________________________________18 第1讲缩写形式与完整形式【知识点】完整形式缩写形式完整形式缩写形式完整形式缩写形式完整形式缩写形式am’mis’sare’renotn’tIamI’mheishe’swearewe’reisnotisn’tsheisshe’syouareyou’recannotcan’twhatiswhat"stheyarethey’redonotdon’tnameisname’sdoesnotdoesn’t【练习题】1、IamMike.缩写形式：____________________________________2、Itisapen.缩写形式：____________________________________3、Youareaboy.缩写形式：____________________________________4、Theycannotswim.缩写形式：____________________________________5、Idonotlikeapples.缩写形式：____________________________________6、Iamastudent.缩写形式：____________________________________7、Itisanapple.缩写形式：____________________________________8、Theyaremybooks.缩写形式：____________________________________9、Icannotseeaboat.缩写形式：____________________________________18 1、Donotstandup.缩写形式：____________________________________2、I’mDanny.完整形式：____________________________________3、This’smyruler.完整形式：____________________________________4、Those’rehisrobots.完整形式：____________________________________5、Youcan’tgotohavealook.完整形式：____________________________________6、Idon’tknowhisname.完整形式：____________________________________7、I’minGrade3.完整形式：____________________________________8、She’sYangLing.完整形式：____________________________________9、We’reteachers.完整形式：____________________________________10、Ican’tdrawatoycar.完整形式：____________________________________11、Jackdoesn’tspeakEnglishverywell.完整形式：____________________________________18 第1讲主格、宾格、所有格（形容词性物主代词）【知识点】1、人称代词主格：在句子开头作主语，表示谁怎么样了、干什么了。例如：Iamateacher.Youareastudent.Theyarestudents.2、人称代词宾格：在动词或介词后作宾语，表示动作行为的对象。例如：Giveittome.Let’sgo.3、物主代词所有格：用在名词前，表示是谁的东西。例如：Thisismybook.Weloveourmotherland.我们热爱我们的祖国。主格宾格所有格（形容词性物主代词）单数Imemy我的youyouyour你的sheherher她的hehimhis他的ititits它的复数weusour我们的youyouyour你们的theythemtheir他/她/它们的【练习题】1.__________（我）amateacher.2.Myfatheristalkingwith__________（我）3.___________（他）oftenplaysbasketballafterschool.4.___________（他的）teacherisgood.5.____________（我们）buyapairofshoesfor______（他）.6.Pleasepass_______（我们）theball.7.________（他们）arelisteningtotheradio.8.Thisis________（我们）book.Thatis_________（他的）book.9.________（他的）chairisblue.________（我们的）isyellow.18 10._______（我们的）classroomisbig._______（你们的）classroomissmall.11.________（他）oftenplaysbasketballafterschool.12._________（他的）teacherisgood.（她的）teacherisgoodtoo.13.Mybookisblue._______（you）bookisred.14.Ourchairisbetterthan_________（they）chairs.15.Iwillgivethepresentsto__________（they）第1讲18 第1讲名词复数变化规则【知识点】名词复数变化规则：1、一般情况下，直接加s。例如：car---cars、bag---bags、book---books2、以s/x/ch/sh结尾的单词加es。例如：class---classes、box---boxes、watch---watches、brush---brushes3、以辅音字母加y结尾的单词，变y为i，再加es。例如：baby---babies、family---families、comedy---comedies（喜剧）4、以元音字母加y结尾的单词，直接加s。例如：boy---boys、day---days、key---keys5、以f/fe结尾的单词，变f/fe为v，再加es例如：leaf---leaves、wolf----wolves、knife---knives“小偷”（thief）的“妻子”（wife）用“刀子”（knife）和“树叶”（leaf）把“狼”（wolf）劈成了两“半”（half）6、以o结尾的名词，有生命的加es，无生命的加s，以oo结尾的加s。有生命的加es。例如，potato---potatoes、tomato---potatoes、hero---heroes（英雄爱吃土豆炖西红柿）无生命的加s。例如，photo---photos、radio---radios、piano---pianos。以oo结尾的加s。例如，kangaroo---kangaroos（袋鼠）、zoo---zoos。7、不可数名词没有复数，以原形或/表示。例如：water---/、milk---/、juice---/8、特殊情况例如：am/is---are、I---we、she/he/it---they、my---ourhis/her/its---their、this---these、that---thoseman---men、sheep---sheep、Chinese---Chinese、foot---feet18 【练习题】名词变复数birdcardorangewatchladyfamilyrulerphotofriendclassdictionarypartyboygirlcatboxcandystoryIheyouamisarewifetreekeybedherosheepcasequestionleafcasecuppendeskkeyboxknifecardorangeboyfriendparentmotherfathersisterbrothersondaughtercousinpencilchildman第1讲18 第1讲改复数句【知识点】对照句子，将句子中的名词和代词改成对应的复数，其他不变，按顺序抄下来即可。例如：Sheismyfriend.Theyaremyfriends.Iamagirl.Wearegirls.【练习题】句子单数变复数1.Thisisabook.___________________________________________2.Thatisaneraser.___________________________________________3.Itisaredapple.___________________________________________4.Iamaboy.___________________________________________5.Heisateacher.___________________________________________6.What’sthis?___________________________________________7.Iamatallboy.___________________________________________8.Sheisabeautifulgirl.___________________________________________9.Heisastrongman.___________________________________________10.Thisisabigmouse.___________________________________________11.Thatisasmallfish.18 ___________________________________________12.Ithasalongtooth.___________________________________________13Thisisanolddog.___________________________________________14.Thereisabigpeachonthetable.___________________________________________15.Icansingasong.___________________________________________16.Itisunderthetable.___________________________________________17.Thatisashortboy.___________________________________________18.Iliketheredskateboards.___________________________________________19.Thatmonkeycanclimbthetree.___________________________________________20.Thisfoxisbig.___________________________________________第1讲18 第1讲就划线部分提问【知识点】1、根据划线部分找到特殊疑问词放句首，把题目中剩下的部分变成一般疑问句，接在特殊疑问词的后面。2、标点改为问号。特殊疑问词:特殊疑问词内容特殊疑问词内容What什么Howmuch价格，多少钱Whatcolour什么颜色What…do会做什么How身体状况Who谁，问人Howold几岁，年龄Where在哪儿，地点Howmany数量，几个Whose谁的，问主人Which哪一个When什么Whattime几点，问时间Why为什么，问原因【练习题】对划线部分提问1.That’sabike.______________________________________2.MynameisLingling.______________________________________3.ThisisamapofAmerica.______________________________________4.Towandtowisfour.______________________________________5.Helikesplayingbasketball.______________________________________6.Pandaslovebamboo.______________________________________7.It’ssixo’clock.______________________________________8.Thebikeisblack.______________________________________9.Thepenisred.______________________________________10.Amyisagoodgirl.______________________________________11.Linglinglikescollectingdolls.____________________________________12.ThisisLiPing’sbook.______________________________________13.Mypenisinthebox.______________________________________18 14.IliveinNewYork.______________________________________15.MybirthdayisNovember11.______________________________________16.Igotoschoolbybike.______________________________________17.Heistwelve.______________________________________18.Thehamburgerisfourdollars.___________________________________19.Thekiteistwentyyuan.______________________________________20.Twopensareonthedesk..______________________________________21.Theyarefrom191countries.______________________________________22.Thebridgeis5kilometerslong.____________________________________23.I’minClass1.______________________________________第1讲18 第1讲be动词、can、have、has的用法【知识点】1、be动词：am、is、are口诀：我用am，你用are，is连着他、她、它。单数用is，复数用are。2、can：能、会、可以can+动词原形。3、have、has：有口诀：我有，你有，用have；他、她、它有用has。例如：Ihave/youhave/shehas/hehas/ithas…【练习题】用am,is,are填空I____agirl.Myname____Mary.I____12yearsold.Here____myfamilyphoto.Look!These____myparentsandthose____mygrandparents.Thisboy____mybrother.He____15yearsoldnow.That____mycat,Mimi.It____verylovely.1.I______Kitty.______2.She______astudent.3.Mysisters______tall.4.JaneandTom______myfriends.5.We______students.6.They______inthezoo.7.YangLing______tenyearsold.8.Sandyismygoodfriend.He____tallandfat.9.Lookatthepicture.It______beautiful.10.This______mydress.用have和has填空1.I______acat.2.He______adog.3.She______longhair.4.We______abighouse.18 5.They______ahappyfamily.6.It______ashorttail。7.You______agoodteacher.8.Jane______twobigeyes.9.Tom______aredpen.10.Mymother______abeautifulnose.11.I______anicepuppet.12.He______agoodfriend.13.They______somemasks.14.We______someflowers.15.She______aduck.16.Myfather______anewbike.17.Hermother______avase.18.Ourteacher______anEnglishbook.19.Ourteachers______abasketball.20.Theirparents______somebooks.18