中考英语语法专题复习 55页

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  • 2022-06-17 15:34:04 发布

中考英语语法专题复习

  • 55页
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冠词冠词虽小,只有a,an和the三个,但却是历年各地考试必考语言点之一。就考查题型而言,以单项选择为主,有时在完形填空中出现。从命题意图看,以考查不定冠词a和an的用法区别、不定冠词和定冠词的用法区别为主。同时考查冠词的各种不同用法。  -考查重点  冠词的考查重点包括不定冠词a和an的用法,定冠词the的用法和零冠词的用法等。其中,不定冠词与定冠词的用法区别以及在具体语言环境中冠词的应用是历年中考试题考查的热点,也是今后的考查方向。  一.冠词概述  冠词是虚词,本身不能单独使用,也没有词义,它用在名词的前面,帮助指明名词的含义  冠词分为不定冠词和定冠词两种。不定冠词仅用在单数可数名词前面,表示“一”的意义,但不强调数目观念,只表示名词为不特定者。  定冠词则表示名词为特定者,表示“这”,“那”,“这些”,“那些”的意思,在可数的单复数名词或不可数名词前面都可以用  二.a和an的区别  不定冠词有a和an两种形式,a用于辅音(不是辅音字母)开头的词前,an用于元音(不是元音字母)开头的词前。  例如:aboy,auniversity,aeuropeancountry;  anhour,anhonour,anisland,anelephant,anumbrella  三.不定冠词的用法1.泛指某一类人、事或物;相当于any,这是不定冠词a/an的基本用法。Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly2.泛指某人或某物,但不具体说明何人或何物。Agirliswaitingforyou3.表示数量,有“一”的意思,但数的概念没有one强烈。Thisisabook.  4.表示“每一”,相当于every.例如,Igotoschoolfivedaysaweek.我一周上五天课。   5.用在序数词前,表示“又一”,“再一”。例如,Ihavethreebooks.Iwanttobuyafourthone.我已经有三本书,我想买第四本。6.用在某些固定词组中:alot(of)许多,大量;afterawhile过一会儿7,用在某些物质名词和抽象名词前面,表示‘一阵,一份,一类,一场’等例如:There‘llbeastrongwindinSouthChina  四.定冠词的用法  1.特指某(些)人或某(些)物,这是定冠词的基本用法。  2.指谈话双方都知道的人或事物。例如:openthewindow,please.请打开窗户。  3.指上文已经提到的人或事物。例如:Ihaveacar.thecarisred.我有一辆小汽车,它是红色的。  4.指世界上独一无二的事物。例如:whichisbigger,thesunortheearth?哪一个大,太阳还是地球?  5.用在序数词,形容词最高级前。例如:thefirstlessonistheeasiestoneinthisbook.第一课是这本书最简单的一课。  6.用在由普通名词构成的专有名词前。例如,thegreatwall长城,theunitedstates美国  7.用在某些形容词前,表示某一类人。例如:thepoor穷人,theblind盲人  8用在姓氏复数形式前,表示“全家人”或“夫妻俩”。例如:theGreens格林一家或格林夫妻俩  9.用在方位词前。例如:ontheleft在左边,inthemiddleof在中间  10.用在乐器名称前。例如:sheplaysthepianoeveryday.她每天弹钢琴。  11.用在表示海洋,河流,山脉,群岛及国家和党派等名词前。  例如:theblacksea黑海,theyangziriver长江  12.用在某些固定词组中:allthesame仍然;allthetime一直;atthemoment此刻;atthesametime同时;bytheway顺便说;dotheshopping/washing买东西/洗衣服;inthemorning/afternoon/evening在上午/下午/晚上;intheopenair在户外,在野外  五.零冠词的用法  1.在专有名词和不可数名词前。例如,classtwo二班,tian’anmensquare天安门广场,water水   2.可数名词前已有作定语的物主代词(my,your,his,her等)、指示代词(this/these,that/those)、不定代词(some,any等)及所有格限制时。  例如mybook(正);mythebook(误)  3.复数名词表示一类人或事物时。  例如,theyareteachers.他们是老师。  tigerslikemeat.老虎喜欢吃肉  4.在星期,月份,季节,节日前。例如:onsunday在周日,inMarch在三月,inspring在春天,onwomen’sday在妇女节  (特例:如果月份,季节等被一个限定性定语修饰时,则要加定冠词:hejoinedthearmyinthespringof1982.他在1982年春季参军。)  5.在称呼语或表示头衔的名词前。例如:Tom汤姆,Mum妈妈  6.在学科名称,三餐饭和球类运动名称前。例如:Ihavelunchatschooleveryday.  特例:当football,basketball指具体的某个球时,其前可以用冠词:Icanseeafootball.我可以看到一只足球。where’sthefootball?那只足球在哪儿?(指足球,并非“球类运动”)  7.在表特定的公园,街道,车站,桥,学校等之前。例如:No.25middleschool  8.某些固定词组中不用冠词。  (1)与by连用的交通工具名称前:bybus乘公共汽车;bycar乘汽车;bybike骑/坐自行车;bytrain乘火车;byair/plane乘飞机;bysea/ship乘船,但takeabus,inaboat,onthebike前需用冠词  (2)名词词组:dayandnight日日夜夜;brotherandsister兄弟姐妹;hourafterhour时时刻刻;hereandthere到处  (3)介词词组:athome在家;insurprise惊奇地;atnoon在中午;onfoot步行;atnight在晚上;onduty值日;atwork在工作;ontime准时;forexample例如;inclass在上课;onshow展览;inbed在床上  (4)go短语:gohome回家;gotobed上床睡觉;gotoschool去上学;gotowork去上班;goshopping/swimming/boating/fishing去买东西/游泳/划船/钓鱼  六.用与不用冠词的差异  inhospital住院/inthehospital在医院里  gotosea出海/gotothesea去海边   onearth究竟/ontheearth在地球上,在世上  infrontof在……(外部的)前面/inthefrontof在……(内部的)前面  takeplace发生/taketheplace(of)代替  attable进餐/atthetable在桌子旁  bysea乘船/bythesea在海边  infuture从今以后,将来/inthefuture未来  gotoschool(church…)上学(做礼拜…)/gototheschool(church…)到学校(教堂…)去  onhorseback骑着马/onthehorseback在马背上  twoofus我们当中的两人/thetwoofus我们两人(共计两人)  outofquestion毫无疑问/outofthequestion不可能的,办不到的  nextyear明年/thenextyear第二年ateacherandwriter一位教师兼作家(一个人)/ateacherandawriter一位教师和一位作家(两个人)七练习题1HanMeimeiis___Chinesegirl.Lucyis____Englishgirl.A.a;aB.an;anC.a;anD.an;a()2Alittleboywrote____"U"and___"n"onthewall.A.a;anB.an;aC.an;anD.a;a()3_____oldladyinbrownis____universityprofessor.A.An;aB.An;/C.The;anD.The;a()4Therearesixtyminutesin____hour.A.anB.theC.aD./()5Thisis____interestingbookanditisalso____usefulone.A.an;anB.an;theC.ah;aD.a;a()6Acomputerisusefultoolin"oworldtoday.A.an;theB.a;theC.the;theD.a;a2()1Wehaveneverseen____interestingfilm.A.suchB.suchanC.soD.such a()2MrsSmithis____friendof__A.the;mineB.a;meC.the;myD.a;mine()3Heis___boy.A.aseven-years-oldB.aneight-year-oldC.theseven-year-oldD.aneight-year-older()4Fsaw____accidentinthestreetyesterday.A.theB.aC.anD./()5Nowheis___artist.1haveknownhimsincehewas___one-year-oldboy.A.a;anB.a;aC.an;anD.an;a3()1.Whichbigger___elephantor___horse?A.a;theB.an;aC.the;anD.an;the()2____monkeycanclimb____trees.A./;theB.A;/C.The;aD./;/()3____rainsarefasterthan____buses.A./;/B.The;/C./;theD.The;a()4-HaveyoulearnedGerman?-Yes.It"s___languageI"veeverlearned.A.aquitedifficultB:quiteadifficultC.difficultquiteD.difficultaquite()5Someanimals,like____cat,____dogor____wolf,donotneedtohibernate(冬眠).A./;/;theB.the;the;theC.a;/;the,D.the;/;/4()1Yesterdayweheld____talkwiththeminthehall.A.theB.thisC.aD.an()2Mymotherhad___fever,soIhadtolookafterher.AaB.theC,/D.this()3Lookingat,hetook___deepbreath.A./B.aC.thatD. its()4Iusuallygooutfor___walkafter____tea;A:a;/B./;theC.a;aD.the;a()5Afterthattheyhad____sleep.A.anightgoodB.anight"sgoodC.agoodnightD.agoodnight"s5()1Itis____sincewe____lasttime.A.longtime;metB.alongtime;meetC.alongtime;metD.thelongtime;meet()2Therecame____greatnoise.Itfrightenedus.A.theB.aC./D.that()3Itis____pleasuretoworkwiththeseworkers.A.anB./C.aD.this()4After____quickbreakfastIhurriedto____school.A./;/-rB.a;/C.the;the-D.the;/6()1Thisis____egg.____eggisbig.A.a;AB.an;AnC.a;TheD.an;The()2Thereis___"Win___word"map".A.a;anB.an;aC.an;theD.a;the()3Hereisbasket.___basketismine.A.a;TheB.the;An.C.a;AD.the;A()4Thereis____bridgeoverthere.____bridgeismadeofwood.A.the;TheB.a;AC.the;AD.a;The()5Heordered____booksometimeagoandnow____bookhasarrived.A.a;aB.the;aC.the;theD.a;the7()1Shesaw____EnglishfilmlastSunday.Butshecannotremember     nameof___film.A.an;a;aB.a;the;aC.an;the;aD.an;the;the()2Thereis___oldmanunder___ tree.A.an;theB.the;aC.a;theD.an;/()3-Whatwas___yesterday?-November24.A.dateB.thedateC.dayD.theday()4Weshallvisityourcountryin____comingyear.A.aB.theC.oneD.that()5Motherdoesmostof___athome.A.cleaningB.acleanC.thecleaningD.clean8()1-Whoseroomisthat?-It"s___.A.thetwins"B.ofLucyandLilyC.ofthetwinsD.thetwins()2I"mbusy____.A.atthemomentB.atthatmomentC.inamomentD.justamoment()3____bookisveryuseful.Iboughtitfrom____unknownlittletown.A.A;aB.The;aC.A;anD.The;an()4Englishis____interestingsubjectformostofstudents.A.the;anB.the;theC.an;/D.an;the()5___girlin___GradeThreeis___tallestinourschool.A.The;the;theB.A;a;aC.The;/;theD.A;/;a9()1MrWhiteliveson___floor.A.thefifteenB.fifteenC.thefifteenthD.fifteenth()2AboynamedDingWeikickedagoalearly____ofthematch.A.intheonehalfB.inthefirsthalfC.forthefirsthalfD.forhalfone()3Hehastriedtwice,andthecaptainaskshimtohave____thirdtry.A.theB.aC.anotherD.other()4Chinaisoneof___oldestcountriesin___world.A.the;theB.the;/C.a;aD.an; the()5Maryis____onlygirlwhohasbeentoAmerican.A.aB.thefc.anD./10()IWecansee___sunand___moonin___picture.A.a;the;theB.the;a;theC.a;the;aD.the;the;the()2omoonmovesaround____earth,andtheybotharesmallerthan      sun.A.The;an;aB.A;the;theC./;/;/D.The;the;the()3Parisis___capitalofFrance.A.aB./C.oneD.the11()1____Brownsarrivedthereyesterdayevening.A./B.AC.TheD.An()2Whynotaskyourfathertodraw____mapforyouifyouwanttogetto___Alice"shouseeasily?A.a;anB./;anC.the;aD.a;/()3____Brownsaresittingat____breakfasttable.A./;aB.The;/C.The;theD./}the()4___Turnerscouldnotpayfor___colourTVset.A.The;aB./;theC./;aD.The;/()5Theywentto.Smiths"andstayedthereforhalf____hour.A./;anB.the;aC.a;theD.the;an12()1Cottonisgrownin____China.A.northB.thenorthofC.thenorthD.anorth()2It"s____pleasuretosee____sunrisingin____east.A./;the;/B.a;/;/C.a;the;theD./;the;the()3Mostofusarefrom____.A.thesouthB.southC.thesouthernD.southern()4___UnitedStatesliesinNorthAmerica .A.AnB.AC.TheD./13()IHelikesplaying___piano,hedoesn"tlikeplaying____football.A.the;theB.the;/C./;theD./;/()2Tomenjoysplaying____footballwhileIenjoyplaying____pianoverymuch.A.the;theB.a;aC./;theD.the;/()3Yesterdayhismotherbought____pianoand___basketballinthatbigshop.A.the;a  B.a;aC./;/D.some;two14()1____night,astrangerknockedatthedoor.A.OneB.TheC.AnD.A()2Weoftenplayfootballin___oftheschoolbuilding.A.afrontB.frontsC.frontD.thefront()3There"sgoingtobe___Englishtestnextweek.A.an;a.B.an;/C.the;aD.an;the()4Thereisamapon____leftofthepicture.A.theB./C.aD.an()5Hetakesabathin____evening.A.theB./C.aD.an15()1Weshouldlookafter___old.A.theseB.thoseC.theD.an()2Theyoungnurseiskindto____illinthehospital.A.aB.an0./D.the()3____poorinthosedayshadahardtime.A.AB.ThisC.TheD.Those()4Notall___beautifulisgood.A.theB.aC./D.this16 ()1Theysailedalong____YellowRiverfortwoweeksbeforetheyarrived___home.A./;/B.the;/C.the;theD./;the()2Thestudentsofourschoolclimbed____WestMountains.A.theB.thisC.thatD./3Theshipissailingon____PacificOceanA.aB.theC./D.that17()1-Excuseme,mayIhave____water,please?-Sorry,thereisn"t____waterin____bottle.A.any;any;theB.some;some;aC.some;any;theD.some;any;a()2Itisknowntoallthat___lighttravelsfasterthan___sound.A./;/B.a;aC.the;theD.the;/()3____water(Water)isnecessaryin____people"severydaylife.A./;/B.The;/C.The;theD./;the()4Icameherein____autumnof1982.A.oneB.aC.anD.the18()1___isthemostdifficultinthisbook.A.LessonsecondB.ThesecondlessonC.SecondlessonD.Secondlessons()2Tuesdayis___thirddayoftheweek.A.theB./C.aD.an()3Heisastudentof____.A.classFirstB.theclassoneC.ClassOneD.FirstClass()4Weweresolategettingtothetheatrethatwemissedmostof____.A.theactfirstB.ActOneC.actfirstD.firstact()5FlightNineteenfromNewYorktoWashingtonisnowarrivingat       .A.GateTwoB.thegatetwoC.thetwogateD.secondgate()6Helivedin____.A.theroom105B.the105roomC.the105oftheroomD.Room105 19()1Reading____bookscanaddtoknowledge.A.aB.thisC./D.that()2Allof____bookshereareChinese.A.theB./C.thoseD.that()3Helike     sports,suchasfootball,basketballandsoon.A./B.aC.theD.an20()1-WheredoesMikesit?-Hesits____.A.onanytherightB.atthefrontofmeC.onmyleftD.atthebackofme()2Mehas___fewEnglishbooks.Helentme,___fewofthemlastweek.A.the;.aB.the;aC.a;theD.this;that()3____MrSmithisateacher.A.TheB.AC.ThisD./()4Mondayismy____day.A.thebusiestB.busyC.busierD.busiest21() 1Before___supper,Ialwaysplay___football.A.a;theB.the;/C./;/D./;the()2Let"sgoandtakeawalkafter___lunch.A.aB.theC./D.this()3Wehadapartyafter___mealthatday.A.aB.theC.oneD.()4Whenwecalled,thefamilywereat____dinner.A./B.theC.aD.an22()1Marybecame___monitorofourclass.A.aB.anC./D. the()2Myfatheris____chairmanoftheclub.A.theB./C.anD.this()3Hewasmade___teamleader.A.ourB.thatC.aD.the()4 MrWangiscomingtoourschool           tomorrow.A./B.TheC.AnD.This()5____mother(Mother)islovedbyus.A.TheB./ C.OneD.That23()1___learning(Learning)Englishisveryinterestingtome.A./B.TheC.AD.An()2Weallknowthat____walkingonthemoonisverydifficult.A.oneB.the.C./D.a()3___running(Running)everymorningisgoodforus.A.AB./C.ThisD.That24()1Shallwegotoseeourteacher?Sheisill            .A.inahospitalB.inthehospitalC.inhospitalD.inhospitals()2Haveyouevertraveledon____train?A.theB.a"C.anD./()3HeisgoingtoLondonby___sea.A.theB.aC.oneD./()4MarcoPoloandhisfathertraveledby___.A.ashipB.shipsC.shipD.theship25()1Thereisabookshop____.A.onmywayschoolB.onmywaytoschoolC.onmywaytotheschoolD.inmywaytoschool()2Igoto___schoolonfootbecausemyhomeisnear___school. A.a;aB.the;theC./;/D./;the()3Maryhas___highfeverandshehastobein___hospital.A.a;/B.a;aC./;/D.the;the()4Don"t___.It"sbad___youreyes.A.readinbed;toB.readinginbed;forC.readinthebed;forD.readinbed;for()5Hestolethemoneyandtheyputhim____.A.inprisonB.toprisonC.attheprisonD.intheprison26()1.Peopleoftengotoswimin___summer.A./B.aC.anD.the()2Theteacherisstanding____theclassandgivinghislessons.A.inthefrontofB.atthefrontofC.infrontofD.atthefront()3Maryisfondofwatching____TVwhileHenryisinterestedinlisteningto___radio.A.the;/B./;the,C.the;theD./;/()4Thechildrenallhadagoodtimeon____Children"sDay.A.the,B.theirC.aD./()5Shewentto____townon____foot.A.the;aB./;/C./;theD.the;the()6___home,Imetafriendofmine.A.OnmywayB.OnmywaytotheC.Onone"swayD.Onmywayto27()1Hisbrotherworkedout____untilitwastwelve.A.problemafterproblemB.problembyproblemsC.aproblemafteraproblemD.aproblembyaproblem()2Thefarmerswentonworking,____.A.hoursafterhoursB.ahourafterahourC.anhourafteranhourD.hourafter hour()3Thestudentswentoutoftheroom___.A.onebytwoB.onebyoneC.twobyanotherD.onebytheother 参考答案:1.1-6CADACB 2.1-5BDBCD3.1-5BBABB4.1-5CABAD5.1-4CBCB6.1-5DCADD7.1-5DABBC8.1-5AADDC9.1-5CBBAB10.1-3DDD11.1-5CDBAD12.1-4BCAC13.1-3BCB14.1-5ACBAA15.1-4CDCA16.1-3BAB17.1-4CAAD18.1-6BACBAD19.1-3CAA20.1-3CCDD21.1-4CCBA22.1-5CBAAB23.1-3ACB24.1-4CADC25.1-4BDA D26.1-6AABDBA27.1-3ADB介词用法总结一、记忆介词口诀早、午、晚要用in;at黎明、午夜、点与分。年、月、年月、季节、周;阳光、灯、影、衣、冒in。将来时态in...以后,小处at大处in。有形with无形by,语言、单位、材料in。特征、方面与方式,心情成语惯用in。介词at和to表方向,攻击、位置、恶、善分。日子、日期、年月日,星期加上早、午、晚,收音、农场、值日on,关于、基础、靠、著论。着、罢、出售、偷、公、假,故意、支付、相反,准。特定时日和"一……就",on后常接动名词。年、月、日加早、午、晚,of之前on代in。步行、驴、马、玩笑on,cab,carriage则用in。at山脚、门口、在当前,速、温、日落、价、核心。工具、和、同随with,具有、独立、就、原因。就……来说宾译主,对、有、方状、表细分。海、陆、空、车、偶、被by,单数、人类knowtoman。this、that、tomorrow,yesterday,next、last、one。接年、月、季、星期、周,介词省略已习惯。over、under正上下,above、below则不然,若与数量词连用,混合使用亦无关。’beyond超出、无、不能,against靠着,对与反。besides,except分内外,among之内along沿。 同类比较except,加for异类记心间。原状becauseof,、owingto、dueto表语形容词under后接修、建中,of、from物、化分。before、after表一点,ago、later表一段。before能接完成时,ago过去极有限。since以来during间,since时态多变换。与之相比beside,除了lastbutone。复不定for、找、价、原,对、给、段、去、为、作、赞。快到、对、向towards,工、学、军、城、北、上、南。butfor否定用虚拟,复合介词待后言。ing型由于鉴,除了除外与包合。之后、关于、在......方面,有关介词须记全。in内to外表位置,山、水、国界to在前。如大体掌握如上介调用法口诀,就不易出错。当然,至于介词的详尽用法,同形词又是连词及副词等内容此章不讲。下面对该口诀分别举例帮助你理解消化。早、午、晚要用in例:inthemorning在早上intheafternoon在下午intheevening在晚上intheday在白天at黎明、午、夜、点与分例:atdawn,atdaybreak在黎明时候atnoon在中午atnight在夜间atmidnight在午夜以上短语都不用冠词atsixo’clock在6点钟at7:30(seventhirty)在7点半athalfpasteleven在11点半atninefifteen在9点15分 attenthirtya.m.在上午10点30分也可以写成seventofive5点差7分(半小时以上)fiveminutesaftertwo2点过5分ataquartertotwo1点45分attheweekend在周末年、月、年月、季节、周即在"来年",在"某月",在"某年某月"(但在某年某月某日则用on),在四季,在第几周等都要用in。例;in1986在1986年in1927在1927年inApril在四月inMarch在三月inDecember19861986年12月inJulyl9831983年7月inspring在春季insummer在夏季inautumn在秋季inwinter在冬季inthefistweekofthissemester这学期的第一周inthethirdweek在第三周阳光、灯、影、衣、冒in,即在阳光下,在灯下,在树阴下,穿衣、着装、冒雨等都要用in。例:Don’treadindimlight.切勿在暗淡的灯光下看书。Theyarereviewingtheirlessonsinthebrightlight.他们在明亮的灯光下复习功课。Theyaresittingintheshadeofatree.他们坐在树阴下乘凉。aprisonerinirons带着镣铐的囚犯Hewentintheraintomeetmeatthestation.他冒雨到车站去接我。Thepoordressed(clothed)inragsinoldsociety.旧社会穷人们衣衫褴褛.以及:inthebrightsunlight在明亮的阳光下amerchantindisguise乔装的商人thewomaninwhite(black,red,yellow)穿着白(黑、红、黄)色衣服的妇女 inuniform穿着制服inmourning穿着丧服inbrownshoes穿着棕色鞋inhisshirtsleeves穿着衬衫将来时态in...以后例:Theywillcomebackin10days.他们将10天以后回来。I’llcomeroundinadayortwo.我一两天就回来。We’llbebackinnotime.我们一会儿就回来。Comeandseemeintwodays’time.两天后来看我。(从现在开始)after...(从过去开始)小处at大处in例:LiandIarrivedatHeishancountysafeandsound,alliswell.Don’tworry.李和我平安地到达黑山县,一切很好,勿念。Iliveinagreatcity(bigcity),mysisterlivesatasmalltownwhilemyparentsliveatavillage.我住在大城市,我姐姐住在一个小城镇,而我的父母则住在农村。I’minLiaoning,atAnshan.我住在辽宁省鞍山市.有形with无形by,语言、单位、材料in例:Theworkersarepavingaroadwithstone.工人们正用石子铺路。(有形)Theteacheriscorrectingthepaperwithanewpen.这位教师正用一支新笔批改论文。(有形)"TakingTigerMountainbyStrategy"isagoodopera.<<智取威虎山>>是-出好戏。(无形)Theproductisseparatedbydistilationintogasolineandgasoil.这种产品是用蒸馏分离出气油和粗柴油。(表示方式、手段、方法--无形)Ireallycan’texpressmyideainEnglishfreelyin-deed.我确实不能用英语流利地表达我的思想。(表示某种语言用in)IwroteanovelinRussian.我用俄语写了一本小说。(同上)Thekilometeristhebiggestunitoflengthinthemetricsystem.公里是米制中最长的长度单位。(表示度、量、衡单位的用inThelengthismeasuredinmeter,kilometre,andcentimetre. 长度是以米、公里、厘米为单位来计算的。(同上)Thisboardwascastinbronzenotingold.这个牌匾是铜铸的,不是金铸的。二、习题1.---WhenwillMr.GreencometoParis?---______May7.A.OnB.ToC.AtD.In2.Theriveristoowideforsuchayoungboytoswim________.A.pastB.alongC.acrossD.over3.---WhatdoyoucallthisinEnglish?---It’sastampwhichisused_____sendingletters.A.toB.forC.withD.by4.---Howlonghaveyoubeeninthisschool?---_______1998.A.SinceB.ForC.InD.From5.Mr.Blackhasjustboughtahouse____asmallgardeninfrontofit.A.ofB.nearC.betweenD.with6.Jackhasbeen______collectingstamps.A.onB.inC.atD.to7.WaltDisneywasborn____theUSA.____leavingschoolhesoldnewspaperanddeliveredmail.A.on,BeforeB.in,ByC.at,AfterD.in,After8.Trainsaremade______Dalian.A.byB.inC.ofD.from9.Don’ttellanybodyaboutit,justkeepit_____youandme.A.withB.betweenC.amongD.in10.Therearetwowindows_____therightwallandonepicture_____theleftwall.A.in,onB.in,inC.on,onD.on,in11.TaiwanisoneoftheprovincesinChina.Itis_____thesoutheastofourcountry.A.toB.onC.inD.at12.It"snice____youtotakecareofmybabywhileIwasaway.A.forB.ofC.toD.with13._____acoldwintermorning,Iopenedthewindowandwasexcitedtofindthatitwassnowingoutside.A.ByB.InC.AtD.On14.MyT-shirtismade_____silk,anditismade_____Hangzhou.A.of,inB.from,ofC.in,ofD.from,in15.Shesaidshewouldcome_____nextSunday.A.onB./C.inD.at16.Computersmaybebetterthandoctors,judgesandteachers_____doingtheirjobs.A.inB.byC.atD.of17.Hewas____ahurry,sohewentdownthestairs----two___atime. A.at,inB.in,atC.in,byD.at,by18.Jonnysetsoff______hisbambooraft____hisbirdstoworkinariver.A.in,byB.on,byC.in,withD.on,with19.Theforeignfriendshavevisitedmanyplacesofinterest_____thewestofChina.A.toB.forC.sinceD.in20.Theyoungchildrenwalked_____thegatewithteachers.A.throughB.acrossC.overD.after21.Nohurry.Thebuswillarrive____tenminutes.A.atB.forC.inD.by22.---WhereisWenzhouZoo?---I’venoidea.Whynotfindit_____themap?A.atB.forC.ofD.on23.MrSmithhasboughtalargehouse_____aswimmingpool.A.inB.withC.ofD.at24.Pleasecallhotline_____12345forhelpifyouhaveanyproblem.A.underB.atC.asD.in25.---We’llhaveahikingtrip,butwhenshallwemeet?---Let’smakeit_____halfpasteight____themorningofJune23.A.at,inB./,onC./,inD.about,by答案ACBADADBBACBDABCBDDACDBBB英语专项复习——连词部分连词在句中的作用是把词与词、短语与短语、句子与句子连接起来。它不能在句中单独作句子成分。知识点概述并列连词和从属连词的用法连词是连结单词、短语、从句或句子的虚词,在句子中不单独作句子成份。连词按其性质可分为:1.并列连词如:and,or,but,for,等,连接并列的词与词,短语与短语,句子与句子。如:Riceandpotatoesarecommonfoods.(词与词)Todaywecantravelbyplane.(短语与短语)Manytreeslosetheirleavesinwinter,butevergreentreesdonot.(句子与句子)关联连词是一类成对使用的连词如:both……and……,not……but…….notonly……butalso……notonly…but…aswelleither……or……neither……nor……关联连词必须后接同样的语法结构。 如:Eitherthewindowswereopenedorthedoorwasopened.2.从属连词如:that,whether,when,because,though等,用以引导名词性从句和状语从句。3.从属连词引导的从句不可以被断成一个句子。如果断开,就错了。如:Whenthealarmclockrang.(不完整)4.though(although)引导让步状语从句,because引导原因状语从句,所以though(although)不能和并列连词but,because不能和并列连词so一起使用。只能单独使用。二、复习时需要注意的要点(1)表示选择关系的连词,连接的双方只取其一。常用连词有or,either...or,otherwise例如:1)YoucangotoBeijingeithertodayortomorrow2)Youmustgetupearlyoryouwon’tcatchtheearlybus.(2)表示转折关系,连接的双方构成对比,意义上有转折。常用连词有but,however,while,only例如:1)Hisbrotherisfondoffootballwhilehelikesbasketball.2)YoucanwatchTV,butyoumustfinishyourhomeworkfirst.(3)表示联合关系,联合的双方是对等的,意义上趋向一致。常用连词有:and,both...and,neither...nor,notonly...butalso,aswellas,togetherwith例如:1)TostudyEnglishwell,weneedbothdiligenceandcareful.2)Thathorseisnotonlytheyoungestamongthefive,butalsorunsthefastest.(4)表示因果关系,连接的双方,互为因果,或者前因后果,或者前果后因。常用的连词有:for,so,therefore例如:1)Itmusthaverained,forthegroundiswet.2)Youareintheright,thereforetheyshouldsupportyou.习题:I.填入适当的连词。1.Mybrotherisill,________Ihavetostayathome.2.Thefilmmustbeveryinteresting,________manypeoplearebuyingticketsinline.3.Mycomputerisnew,________itistooexpensive.4.Shefelthungry,________shedidn’thavebreakfast.5.Acustomercamein,________Istoppedmywork.6.Hehasalotofmoney,________hespendslittle.7.Comehereearly,________youcan’tseehim.8.Takesomemedicine,________youwillfeelbetter.9.TherearealotofstoriesabouttheUFOs,_______nooneknowswhethertheyaretrueornot.10.Putonyourcoat,________youwillcatchcold.11.Shegota“C”inEnglishtest,________shehadtriedhisbest.12.Mylittlecousincan_________read________write.13.Pleasecallme_______youneedmyhelp. 1._____youhaveafewmoredays’rest,you’llfeelbetter.2._____myfather______mymotherisadoctor.Theyareteachers.3.Ireallydon’tknow______itisgoingtorainornotthisafternoon.4.Youmay______doityourself________leaveittome.5.Hurryup,______you’llmissthenextbus.6.LiMingwasabraveboy,______hehadoneshortcoming.7.It’safineday,____wehaveawonderfultime.8.Idon’tknow_______shecanspeakRussianornot.9.Wehaven’tdecided_____and______weshallmeetnexttime.10.That’s______theydidn’tpasstheexam.11._______youareright,_____heis.12.He___________readthebook_____________rememberedwhatheread.II.选择填空:1.Theyareallnew,________I’mnot.A.andB.butC.soD.or2.Istherealetter______apostcard?There’saletter.A.andB.orC.notD.but3.Theoldwomancan’tread______write.A.andB.orC.butD.andcan4.___myclassmates____ourclassteacherwastherethen.A.notonly…butalso…B.both…and…C.Neither…or…D.Either…nor…5.Haveonemoretry,______youwillnotsucceed.A.andB.orC.thenD.but6.____youareill,youshouldgototheclinicrightnow.A.ForB.ThoughC.UntilD.Since7.______themidnighthewaitedforhismother.A.TillB.SinceC.UntilD.At8._____themendrivers______thewomandriverhavebeentothevillage.A.Neither…nor…B.Bothof…andC.Either…or…D.Noneof…and…9.Sheisthelady_______helpedtheoldwomanyesterday.A.whomB.whichC.whatD.who10.–Areyourfatherandmotherretired?-Well,_____ofthemis.______ofthemareatwork.A.both,NeitherB.none,AllC.neither,BothD.all,None11._____hefelttired,____hestillwentonworking.A.Because,soB.Although,butC./,soD.Though,/12.I’lloffersomebreadtoLiMing.LiMing,_______,maynotwantit.A.butB.howeverC.yetD.still13.___Ilookedformytoy,Icouldnotfindit.A.ButB.YetC.BecauseD.However14.Idon’tknow_______thisevening.A.ifhewillbefreeB.whetherheisfreeC.whenheisfreeD.whenishefree15.There’s______onthemoon.A.noairbutwaterB.notanyairorwaterC.notanyairandwaterD.noairornowater16.Lucyhasseenthefilm,_______Lilyhasn’t. A.andB.orC.butD.so17.Hurryup,_______wewillmissthetrian.A.butB.andC.orD.so18.—I’mgoingtoHangzhouforaholidaythisweekend.—_______youarethere,canyoubuymesomegreentea?A.BecauseB.WhileC.IfD.Though19._______hewasoutoftheroom,heturnedbackandknockedattheteacher’sdooragain.A.BeforeB.SinceC.AssoonasD.Until20.Studyhard,_______you’resuretohaveagoodresultintheexam!A.butB.andC.forD.or21.I’mlookingforababysitter(保姆).Shemustbe_______tooold_______tooyoung.A.neither;norB.both;andC.either;orD.notonly;butalso22.Whichisbigger,thesun_______themoon?A.orB.andC.butD.so23.Whynotlookupthenewwordinadictionary_______youdon’tknowit?A.ifB.thatC.thoughD.whether24._______allthepassengersarehere,whydon’twestartatonce?A.AssoonasB.AfterC.NowthatD.When25.Hehurther_______badly_______shehadtoseeadoctor.A.too;thatB.so;thatC.either;orD.too;to26.Ican’tunderstandthispassage_______therearenonewwordsinit.A.ifB.becauseC.thoughD.andIII.把下列句子译成英语:(用括号内连词)1.虽然天已很晚了,但他仍在写作。2.人类没有水和空气就不能活。3.他把这件事告诉我前,没有人知道这件事。4.如你不赶紧,你就要开会迟到。5.他写字不如她仔细。6.我们不仅去了北京,也去了哈尔滨。7.他准是开玩笑,要不他是疯了。8.等他一到我们就去弄点咖啡。9.众所周知,金钱不会从树上长出来的。10.他什么时候到的,我们大家都不知道。IV.改错:()1.NotonlyMaybutalsohersisterswasaskedtosingsomesongs.ABCD()2.Breadandbutterintheshoparesoldout.ABCD()3.WhatImissmostbadlyarethepleasanthourswespenttogether.ABCD()4.Pleaseletmeknowifhewillcomesbacktomorrow.ABCDV.句子转换:1.Theboyistooyoungtogotoschool. Theboyis________young_______hecan’tgotoschool.1.IwonderifIwillvisitherafterschool.Iwonder________tovisitherafterschool.2.Bebrave,andyou’llsucceed.______youarebrave,youwillsucceed.3.BothLiHunandhisparentsaregoingtovisittheflowershow.____________LiHun_____________hisparentsaregoingtovisittheflowershow.4.Themoreyoupractisespeaking,thebetteryourspokenEnglishwillbe._________youpractisespeakingmore,yourspokenEnglishwillbebetter.5.Thisshirtislessbeautifulthanthatone.Thatshirtis______beautiful_______thisone.6.Youdidn’tunderstanditbeforeyourfatherexplainedittoyou.________yourfatherexplainedittoyou,youdidn’tunderstandit7.Sinceyoufeelsotired,you’dbetterhaveagoodrest.______________youfeelsotired,you’dbetterhaveagoodrest.8.Hehaslosthisbike,sohadtobuyanotheronebike.________hehaslosthisbike,hehadtobuyanotherone.9.Ifyoudon’tstudyharder,youwillfailinthetest.Study,harder,______youwillfailinthetest.附加练习1.I’dliketogoshoppingwithyou,_____I’mtoobusytoday.A.butB.andC.soD.or2.I’mdifferentfrommytwinsister.Ilovedancing,_____sheisinterestedinreading.A.soB.orC.butD.and3.Holdontoyourdreams,_____theywillcometrueoneday.A.butB.andC.orD.so4.-Somebodyiswaitingoutside.Hewantstoseeyou.-_____nooneknowsI’mhere.A.ForB.AndC.ButD.So5.Idon’tunderstandthetext_____therearefewnewwordsinit.A.soB.becauseC.ifD.though6.Wedidn’thaveenoughchairs,_____someofthestudentshadtositonthefloor.A.butB.soC.orD.and7._____MrsWilsoncameintotheclassroom,allthechildrenwelcomedherA.WhetherB.AswellasC.IfD.Assoonas9._____heisn’trichenough,heoftengivesawaymoneytosomepoorchildren.A.ThoughB.WhenC.BecauseD.If10._____ourfootballteamfailedinthematch,wetriedourbest.A.ASB.ThoughC.Because11.-Wouldyouliketoplaybasketballwithus?-Yes,I’dloveto._____I’mafraidIhavenotime.A.SoB.ButC.OrD.And12.Itwassnowinghard_____wehadtostayathomeandwatchTV.A.thatB.so.C.butD.because13.-It’salongstory,_____youcanhardlyfindanynewwordsinit. -Good!_____itwillbetoohardforchildren.A.so,ThenB.and,OrC.but,OrD.though,And14.Takemoreexercise,_____you’llbehealthier.A.andB.orC.butD.then15.-YousawthefilmHarryPotterlastnight,didn’tyou?-Yes,_____Imissedthebeginning.A.andB.soC.butD.then16.-Therearemanypicturesinthebook.-Great!_____itwillbehardforyoungchildrentoread.A.andB.SoC.But17.Ihadinvitedeverybody,______onlytwopeoplecametomaparty.A.orB.butC.andD.so18.You’lldomuchbetter______you’remorecarefulwithyourspelling.A.ifB.beforeC.althoughD.unless20.Thisdressstilllooksprettyonyou,______itisoutofstyle.A.thoughB.butC.sinceD.if21.WhatshouldIdo______Iwanttobethinner?A.thoughB.unlessC.butD.if22.-WouldyoupleasegivethisMP3toMary?-Sure.I’llgiveittoher______shecomeback..A.beforeB.assoonasC.till23.Thequestionis______hewon’tlistentoanyone.A.thatB.whetherC.ifD.when24.-Yourpictureiswonderful!-Iworkedfor8hours______Ifinishedit.A.whenB.beforeC.whileD.after25.Mathsisnoteasytolearn,______wemustworkherder.A.butB.orC.soC.and26.Tedtriedhisbest,______hecaughtupwiththeothersatlast.A.butB.orC.andD.because27.Hecan’tdecidewhichtochoose______thereisnodifferencebetweenthem.A.butB.soC.because28.MrHuangdecidedtobuythatCDplayer______itwasexpensive.A.eventhoughB.sothatC.becauseD.asif30.Agoodfriendalwaysgivesyouahelpinghand______you’reintrouble.A.whenB.beforeC.untilD.though31.Hedidn’tknowthenews_______hisparentstoldhimaboutit.A.whenB.afterC.assoonasD.until32.______hesaidhewasn’thungryatall,heateabigbreakfast.A.UnlessB.BecauseC.IfD.Though33.–Youwatchedthefashionshowlastweek,didn’tyou?-Yes,______Imissedthebeginning.A.orB.soC.andD.but34.Iwillwait______hecomeback,becauseIhavesomethingtotellhim. A.untilB.beforeC.when35.Takemoreexercise,_______you’llbehealthier.A.andB.orC.but36.Wokehard,_______youwillfallbehind.A.orB.andC.soD.sobut37.Therewas______smokethattheycouldn’tseeanythingclearly.A.tooB.toomanyC.somuchD.somany38.Thetwofriendswere______pleasedtoseeeachotherthatforgoteverything.A.soB.tooC.veryD.much39.Hehad______muchworktodothathecouldn’tgoout.A.soB.muchC.asD.or40.Tomhasbeeninthefactory______heleftschool.A.whenB.sinceC.assoonasD.whether41.Thenursedoesn’tfeelwelltoday,______shestillworksveryhard.A.butB.andC.orD.when42.______mymother______mysisterwatchesTVplaysthesedays.A.Either,notB.Both,andC.Neither,orD.Neither,nor43.Lucyknewnothingaboutit______hersistertoldher.A.becauseB.untilC.ifD.since44.Ileftmyumbrellainmyroom.Couldyouwait______Igobacktogetit?A.whenB.ifC.whileD.before45.Studyhard,______youwillfallbehindtheother.A.andB.butC.orD.though 参考答案I、1.so2.for3.besides4.as5.so6.but7.or8.and9.but10.or11.though12.neither,nor13.if/when14.if15.neither,nor16.whether17.either,or18.or19.though20.21.whether22.23.why24.Either,or25.notonly,butalsoII、1.B2.B3.B4.A5.B6.D7.C8.B9.D10.C11.D12.B13.D14.A15.B16.C17.C18.B19.C20.B21.A22.A23.A24.C25.B26.CIII、1.Thoughitwasverylate,hewasstillwriting./Itwasverylate,buthewasstillWorking.2.Mencan’tlivewithoutairorwater.3.Noneknewituntilhetoldme.4.Unlessyouhurry,you’llbelateforthemeeting.5.Hedoesn’twriteascarefulasher.6.WewenttoBeijingandaswellastoHaerbin.7.Hemustbemakingajokeorelsehemustbemad.8.Wellgetsomecoffeeassoonashearrives.9.Everybodyknowsthatmoneydoesn’tgrowontrees.10.Noneknowswhenhearrived.IV、1.Cwas改成were2.Care改成is3.Bare改成is4.Dcomes改成comeV、1.so,that2.whether3.If4.Notonly…..butalso…are5.If6.more…than7.Until8.Now…that9.Because10.or附加练习1---5ACBCD6---10BDAB11---25BBCAC16---20BBAA21---25CBABC26---30CCAA31---35DDDAA36---40ACAAB41---45ADBCC实战演练 一、例题选讲例1hedidnotknowmuchEnglish,hegotouthisdictionaryandlookeduptheword.A.AsB.ForC.SinceD.Because答案:A提示:for,because和as虽皆可作连词用,表示“因为”,但用法有些区别。for引导的分句总是置于另一分句之后,常常对前一分句加以解释,两个分句之间,总是用逗号分开。because引导的原因状语从句时,往往以why问句,语气比较重,传递的往往是对方未了解的新信息。as引导的原因状语从句时,往往是对方也知道的信息。本句是他拿出词典查,显然,“他知道的英语单词不多”,这是明摆着的事,所以用as最恰当。例2youdon"tfeelwell,you"dbetterstayathome.A.BecauseB.Since/IfC.ForD.Now答案:B例3Idon’tknowhehasreceivedthepackage.A.ifB.whenC.whatD.howmany答案:A提示:if表示是否,when不能与现在完成时连用。例4Cometomorrow,Iwillgiveittoyou.A.orB.andC.thoughD.if答案:B提示:and在此处解释为“那么”,表示递进关系。例5Theteacherhisstudentslikesfootball.A.andB.aswellasC.andalsoD.also答案:B提示:aswellas连接两个主语用靠前原则。例6Wewerehavinglunchsomeoneknockedatthedoor. A.asB.asoonasC.whenD.while答案:C提示:when在这里解释“就在那时”数词数词主要分为基数词和序数词两类。 一、数词的分类  1.基数词  表示数目的词称为基数词。其形式如下:  A.从1——10  one,two,three,four,five,six,seven,eight,nine,ten.  B.从11——19  eleven,twelve,thirteen,fourteen,fifteen,sixteen,seventeen,eighteen,nineteen.  这里除eleven,twelve,thirteen,fifteen,eighteen为特殊形式外,fourteen,sixteen,seventeen,nineteen都是由其个位数形式后添加后缀-teen构成。  C.从21——99 整数几十中除twenty,thirty,forty,fifty,eighty为特殊形式外,sixty,seventy,ninety都是其个位数形式后添加后缀-ty构成。表示几十几时,在几十和个位基数词形式之间添加连字符“-”  21twenty-one       76seventy-six  D.百位数  1-9基数词形式加“hundred”,表示几百,在几十几与百位间加上and.  101ahundredandone  320threehundredandtwenty  648sixhundredandforty-eight  E.千位数以上  从数字的右端向左端数起,每三位数加一个逗号“,”。从右开始,第一个“,”前的数字后添加thousand,第二个“,”前面的数字后添加million,第三个“,”前的数字后添加billion。然后一节一节分别表示,两个逗号之间最大的数为百位数形式。  2,648twothousandsixhundredandforty-eight  16,250,064sixteenmilliontwohundredandfiftythousandsixty-four  5,237,166,234fivebillion,twohundredandthirty-sevenmillion,onehundredandsixty-sixthousand,twohundredandthirty-four  F .基数词在表示确切的数字时,不能使用百、千、百万、十亿的复数形式;但是,当基数词表示不确切数字,如成百、成千上万,三三两两时,基数词则以复数形式出现。  Therearehundredsofpeopleinthehall.  大厅里有数以百计的人。  ThousandsandthousandsofpeoplecometovisittheMuseumofQinTerra-CottaWarriorsandHorseseveryday.  每天有成千上万的人来参观秦兵马涌博物馆。  Theywenttothetheatreintwosandthrees.  他们三三两两地来到了剧院。  G.表示人的不确切岁数或年代,用几十的复数形式表示。  Hebecameaprofessorinhisthirties.  他三十多岁时成为了教授。  Shediedoflungcancerinforties.  她四十来岁时死于肺癌。  Itwasinthe1960s.  那是在二十世纪六十年代。  H.基数词的句法功能  基数词在句中可作主语、宾语、定语、表语、同位语。  Thetwohappilyopenedthebox.  两个人高兴地打开了盒子。(作主语)  Ineedthreealtogether.  我总共需要三个。(作宾语)  Fourstudentsareplayingvolleyballoutside.  四个学生在外面打排球。(作定语)  Wearesixteen.  我们是16个人。(作表语)  Theythreetriedtofinishthetaskbeforesunset.  他们三个人尽力想在日落前完成任务。(作同位语)  2.序数词  表示顺序的词称为序数词。序数词的主要形式:  A.从第一至第十九  其中,one—first,two—second,three—third,five—fifth,eight—eighth,nine—ninth,twelve—twelfth为特殊形式,其它的序数词都是由其相对应的基数词后面添加“th”构成。例如:six—sixth、nineteen—nineteenth.  B.从第二十至第九十九  整数第几十的形式由其对应的基数词改变结尾字母y为i,再加“eth”构成。 2英语数词知识   twenty——twentieththirty——thirtieth  表示第几十几时,用几十的基数词形式加上连字符“-”和个位序数词形式一起表示。  thirty-first第三十一  fifty-sixth第五十六  seventy-third第七十三  ninety-ninth第九十九  C.第一百以上的多位序数词   由基数词的形式变结尾部分为序数词形式来表示。  onehundredandtwenty-first第一百二十一  onethousand,threehundredandtwentieth第一千三百二十  D.序数词的缩写形式  有时,序数词可以用缩写形式来表示。主要缩写形式有。  first——lstsecond——2ndthird——3rd  fourth——4thsixth——6thtwentieth——20th  twenty-third——23rd  其中lst,2nd,3rd为特殊形式,其它的都是阿拉伯数字后加上th。  E.序数词的句法功能  序数词在句中可作主语、宾语、定语和表语。  ThesecondiswhatIreallyneed.  第二个是我真正需要的。(作主语)  Hechoosethesecond.  他挑选了第二个。(作宾语)  Wearetocarryoutthefirstplan.  我们将执行第一个计划。(作定语)  Sheisthesecondinourclass.在我们班她是第二名。(作表语) 注:序数词在使用时,通常前面要加定冠词the;但是如果序数词前出现不定冠词a或an时,则表示“再——”,“又——”。  We"llgooveritasecondtime.  我们得再念第二遍。  We"vetrieditthreetimes.Mustwetryitafourthtime?  我们已经试过三遍了,还必须试一次(第四次)吗?  另外,基数词也可以表示顺序。只需将基数词放在它所修饰的名词之后即可,不需要添加定冠词。  thefirstlesson——LessonOne  thefifthpage——Page5(five)  thetwenty-firstroom——Room21(twenty-one) 二、时刻表示法  1.表示几点钟用基数词加可以省略的o"clock  5:00读作fiveo"clock或five  2.表示几点过几分,在分钟后加past,再加小时  fivepastseven七点过五分  halfpastsix六点半  aquarterpasteight八点过一刻  sevenpasteight八点过七分  3.表示几点差几分,在分钟后面加to,再加小时  tentoeight差十分八点(七点五十分)  aquartertotwelve差一刻十二点(十一点四十五分)  twentytosix差二十分六点(五点四十分)   在日常生活中,常用下列简单方法表示时间。   以小时、分种为单位分别读出数字。   6:31读作sixthirty-one   10:26读作tentwenty-six  14:03读作fourteenothree  16:15读作sixteenfifteen  18:30读作eighteenthirty  23:55读作twenty-threefifty-five   注:时刻表上的时间大多采用24小时表示法,这样就不需要用a.m.表示上午,p.m.表示下午了。 三、年月表示法  1.世纪可以用定冠词加序数词加世纪century表示,也可以用定冠词加百位进数加"s表示  thesixth(6th)century公元六世纪  theeighteenth(18th)century公元十八世纪   the1900"s二十世纪  the1600"s十七世纪  这里,用百位数整数表示的世纪比这一百位阿拉伯数字本身多一个世纪。  2.年代用定冠词及基数词表示的世纪加十位整数的复数形式构成  inthe1930"s(inthethirtiesofthetwentiethcentury或inthenineteenthirties) 3英语数词知识 (  1)在二十世纪三十年代  inthe1860"s(inthesixtiesofthe19thcentury或intheeighteensixties)  在十九世纪六十年代  Inthe1870"swhenMarxwasalreadyinhisfifties,hefounditimportanttostudythesituationinRussia,sohebegantolearnRussian.  在十九世纪七十年代当马克思已经五十多岁时,他发现研究俄国的形势很重要,便开始学习俄语。  (2)表示某年代的早期、中期和晚期,可以在定冠词后,年代前添加early,mid-,late  intheearly1920"s在二十世纪二十年代早期  inthemid-1950"s在二十世纪五十年代中期  4.年月日表示法  A.年份用基数词表示,一般写为阿拉伯数字,读时可以以hundred为单位,也可以以世纪、年代为单位分别来读。  1949读作nineteenhundredandforty-nine或nineteenforty-nine  1800读作eighteenhundred  253读作twohundredandfifty-three或twofifty-three  1902读作nineteenhundredandtwo或nineteenotwo  表示在哪一年,一般在年数前加介词in,使用year时,year放在数词之前。  intheyeartwofifty-threeB.C.在公元前253年  但是,通常采用in加表示年份的阿拉伯数字。  B.月份,在哪个月用介词in加第一个字母大写的月份词表示。例如:inMay在五月;inJuly在七月。为了简便起见,月份与日期连用时,月份常用缩写形式表示。缩写形式除May,June,July外,其它的月份都由其前三个字母表示,但September除外。  January——Jan.一月                  February——Feb.二月   March——Mar. 三月                   April——Apr.四月  August——Aug.八月                   September——Sept.九月  October——Oct.十月                   November——Nov.十一月  December——Dec.十二月  注:这里缩写形式后面加点不能省略,因为它是表示缩写形式的符号。  C.日期用定冠词the加序数词表示。在哪一天要添加介词on。  NationalDayisonOct.1.  国庆节是十月一日。(读作Octoberfirst)  此句也可以表示为NationalDayisonthe1stofOctober.  May5五月五日(读作Mayfifth)  也可以表示为thefifth(5th)ofMay  Mar.1(st)三月一日(读作Marchfirst或thefirstofMarch)  5.表示不具体、不确切的时间,如世纪、年代、年份、月份时,用介词in表示,表示具体确切的某一天用介词on表示通常情况下morning,afternoon,evening等词前用介词in。但是,当这些词前后有一修饰限定的词作为定语,把它们限定为某一天早晨、下午或晚上时,介词in应改为on。这里的修饰限定词可以是介词短语、名词、形容词、定语从句等。  Onacoldmorning,theoldmandiedlonelyinhishouse.  在一个寒冷的早晨,这个老人孤独地死在自己的房子里。  Idon"twanttobedisturbedonnightswhenIhavetostudy.  我不愿意在我必须学习的晚上被打扰。  TheaccidenthappenedontheafternoonofJuly7.  这次事故发生在7月7日下午。  WearetohaveasmalltestonMondaymorning.  星期一早晨我们将进行一次小测验。  四、加减乘除表示法 1.“加”用plus,and或add表示;“等于”用is,make,equal等词表示。  2+3=?可表示为:Howmuchistwoplusthree?  2+3=5  Twoplusthreeisfive.  Twoandthreeisequaltofive.  Twoandthreemakefive.  Twoaddedtothreeequalsfive. 4英语数词知识   Ifweaddtwoto/andthree,wegetfive.  二加三等于五  2.“减”用minus或takefrom表示  10-6=?Howmuchistenminussix?  10-6=4  Tenminussixisfour.  Takesixfromtenandtheremainderisfour.  Six(taken)fromtenisfour.  十减去六等于四  3.“乘”用time(动词)或multiply表示   3X4=?Howmuchisthreetimesfour?  3X4=12  Threetimesfouris/aretwelve.  Multiplythreebyfour,wegettwelve.  Threemultipliedbyfourmakestwelve.  三乘以四等于十二  4.“除”用divide的过去分词形式表示  16÷4=?Howmuchissixteendividedbyfour?  16÷4=4  Sixteendividedbyfourisfour.  Sixteendividedbyfourequals/gives/makesfour.  十六除以四等于四。 五、分数表示法  1.分数是由基数词和序数词一起来表示的。基数词作分子,序数词作分母,除了分子是“1”以外,其它情况下序数词都要用复数形式。   3/4threefourths或threequarters  1/3onethird或athird  24/25twenty-fourtwenty-fifths  31/4threeandonefourth或threeandonequarter  1/2ahalf  1/4onequarter或aquarter  11/2oneandahalf  11/4oneandaquarter  2.当分数后面接名词时,如果分数表示的值大于1,名词用复数;小于1,名词用单数。  11/2hours一个半小时(读作oneandahalfhours)  23/4meters二又四分之三米(读作twoandthree-fourthsmeters)  4/5meter五分之四米  5/6inch六分之五英寸  3.表示“n次方”的说法:指数用序数词,底数用基数词。  10的7次方theseventhpoweroften(tentotheseventhpower)  6的10次方thetenthpowerofsix(sixtothetenthpower) 六、小数表示法  1.小数用基数词来表示,以小数点为界,小数点左首的数字为一个单位,表示整数,数字合起来读;小数点右首的数字为一个单位,表示小数,数字分开来读;小数点读作point,o读作zero或o〔ou〕,整数部分为零时,可以省略不读。  0.4zeropointfour或pointfour零点四  10.23tenpointtwothree十点二三  25.67twenty-fivepointsixseven二十五点六七  l.03onepointothree一点零三  2.当数字值大于1时,小数后面的名词用复数,数字值小于1时,小数后面的名词用单数。  1.03meters一点零三米0.49ton零点四九吨  l.5tons一点五吨  七、百分数表示法  百分数用基数+percent表示  50%fiftypercent  百分之五十  3%threepercent  百分之三  0.12%zeropointonetwopercent百分之零点一二  这里的percent前半部per表示“每一”,cent这一后半部分表示“百”,所以百分之几中percent不用复数形式。 八、数量表示法  1.表示长、宽、高、面积等,用基数词+单位词(meter,foot,inch,kilogram等)+形容词(long,wide,high等)表示,或者用基数词+单位词+in+名词(length,width,height,weight等)表示。  twometerslong或twometersinlength2米长  threefeethigh或threefeetinheight3英尺高  fourincheswide或fourinchesinwidth4英寸宽  Thisboxis2kilogramsinweight.  这个盒子有两千克重。  ThecitywallofXi"anis12meterswideand12metershigh.  西安城墙是12米宽,12米高。  2.表示时间、距离时,使用含数词的名词所有格形式作定语。  fiveminutes"walk  步行五分钟(的距离)  It"sanhour"sridefrommyhometowntoouruniversity.  从我的家乡到我们大学是乘车一小时的路程。  或:从我的家乡到我们大学需要乘车一小时。  It"sthreekilometers"distancefromourcampustotheBellTower.  从我们校园到钟楼有三公里远。  3.表示温度时,用belowzero表示零下温度,温度用基数词+degree(s)+单位词(centigrade摄氏或Fahrenheit华氏)表示。  thirty-sixdegreescentigrade或36℃摄氏36度  fourdegreesbelowzerocentigrade或-4℃摄氏零下4度  Waterfreezesatthirty-twodegreesFahrenheit.  水在华氏三十二度时结冰。  Waterboilsatonehundreddegreescentigrade.  水在摄氏一百度时沸腾。  这里的单位词在人们都很清楚是什么度量制度时,可以省略。  Youare37℃.(读作thirty-sevendegrees)  你是三十七度。(摄氏)  It"ssevendegreesbelowzero.  今天是零下七度。(摄氏)  4.由数词和其他名词构成的名词性短语作定语时,其中的名词用单数形式,名词性短语中各部分间要用连字符“-”来连接。  It"safive-minutewalkfromthelibrarytotheplayground.  从图书馆到操场需要走五分钟。  She"sasixteen-year-oldgirl.   她是个十六岁的女孩。  5.表示“比···大(或)几倍”的说法。  Thisroomistwotimesbiggerthanthatone.  这个房间比那个(房间)大两倍。  Thedictionaryisfourtimesthickerthanthatbook.  这本词典比那本书厚四倍。  Myageistwotimesolderthanhis.  我的年龄比他大两倍。 注:(1)两位以上的序数词仅个位数部分用序数词,其余部分仍用基数词。如:thirty-sixth,(2)使用序数词时一般加定冠词the.如:I"minthethirdgrade.(3)序数词作“几分之几”讲时,有复数形式。如:1/5→onefifth;2/3→twothirds;4/7→foursevenths;1/2→ahalf;1/4→aquarter;3/4→threequarters;50%→fiftyhundredths(fiftypercent).4、数词的用法:1、表示年份:2002:twentythousandandtwo;1976:nineteenseventy-six.2、表示日期:12月1日:Dec.1st或thefirstofDecember;2002年11月8日:Nov.8th,2002.3、表示时刻:5:15→fivefifteen或aquarterpastfive;8:30→eightthirty或halfpasteight; 10:45→tenforty-five或aquartertoeleven.4、表示编号:Room105→Roomone0five;BusNo.13→BusNumberThirteen;P.5→PageFive;Tel.No.7658659→TelephoneNumberseven-six-five-eight-six-five-nine5、小数的读法:5.7→fivepointseven,0.16→zeropointonesix.6、“半”的表达:1/2→half,半小时→halfanhour,1.5小时→oneandahalfhours或onehourandahalf.7、序数词前面加the时,表示顺序,加a/an时表示“再一、又一”。如:Thethirdlessonisratherdifficult.Shallwereadthetextathirdtime?(我们把课文读第三遍,好吗?) 配套练习题:1Thereare___daysinayear.A.threehundredssixty-fiveB.threehundredsandsixty-fiveC.threehundredandsixty-fiveD.threehundredandsixtyfive2Thereare____studentsinthisschool.A.eighthundredsandforty-sixB.eighthundredandfortysixC.eighthundredandforty-sixD.eighthundredforty-six3______peoplevisitthismuseumeveryday.A.HundredB.HundredsC.HundredofD.Hundredsof4Therearetwo___peopleinthemeetingroom.A.hundredB.hundredsC.hundredsofD.hundredof5Everyyear___watchNBAonTV.A.millionpeopleB.millionsofpeopleC.millionspeopleD.millionofpeople6____treeshavebeenplantedinourschoolinthepast10years.A.ThousandsofB.TwothousandsC.ThousandofD.Twothousandof7Look!Thereare___inthesky.A.thousandstarsB.thousandofstarsC.thousandsofstarsD.thousandsofstar8Mybrotherisin____.A.ThreeClass,OneGradeB.ClassThree,GradeOneC.GradeOne,ClassThreeD.classthree,gradeone9Wearegoingtolearn___thisterm.A.booksixB.sixbookC.thebooksixD.BookSix10Pleaseturnto___.Let"sreadthetextaloud.A.PageTwoB.thepagetwoC.secondpageD.pagesecond11Wecansaythenumber78,645inEnglishlikethis____.A.seventy-eightthousandandsixhundredandforty-fiveB.seventy-eightthousandsixhundredandfortyfiveC.seventy-eightthousandsixhundredandforty-fiveD.seventyeightthousandsixhundredandforty-five12"Theyear1999"shouldberead"Theyear____". A.nineteenandninety-nineB.nineteenninety-nineC.onethousandninehundredandninety-nineD.nineteenhundredandninety-nine13Hewillcomehere____tomorrowmorning.A.atfifthB.attenC.ontwoD.tilltenth14Everydayhebeginstodohishomework___.A.attenpastsevenB.atsevenpasstenC.ontenpastseventhD.untilten15Hewasdoingsomewashing____.A.ateightyesterdaymorningB.yesterdaymorningeightC.yesterdaymorningateightD.byeightyesterdaymorning16Hebegantoworkthere____.A.onhisfiftyB.atageoffiftyC.whenhefiftyD.inhisfifties17TheymovedtoBeijing_A.in1980sB.inthe1980"C.inthe1980sD.onthe1980"s18Weallliketheboy.A.oftenyearsoldB.ten-year-oldC.attenoldD.ofageoften19Shewas___herearlytwentieswhenshewentabroad.A.atB.onC.ofD:in20Thereare____monthsinayear.Decemberisthe____monthoftheyear.A.twelve;twelveB.twelve;twelfthC.twelfth;twelveD.twelve;twelveth21During____century,theworldpopulationhasalreadyreached6billion.A.twentyB.thetwentiethC.twentieth/D.thetwenty22Sundayisthe____dayoftheweek.A.seventhB.firstC.secondD.third23Autumnisseasoninayear.A.thefourthB.thethirdC.athirdD.thethreeth24TomwastogettoschoolandIwas______.A.first;ninthC.thefirst;theninthB.afirst;aninthD.thesecond;thenineth25-What"sthedatetoday?-Its___.A.FridayB.timetogoC.cloudyD.June4th26JennywasbornA.onJuly10,1987B.inJuly10,1987C.in1987,July10D.on1987,July1027Mondayisthesecondday,and_______.A.TuesdayisthefourthB.ThursdayisthefifthC.thesecondisTuesdayD.thesecondisThursday28About____ofthebooksinourschoollibraryarewritteninChinese.A.four-fifthB.four-fifthsC.fourth-fifthsD.fourths-fifth29___ofthestudentsaregirlsinourclass. A.TwothreeB.TwothreesC.TwothirdsD.Secondthree30___oftheworld"sbooksandnewspapersarewritteninEnglish.A.ThreequartersB.ThreequarterC.ThirdsfourD.Threesfourth31Tomis____intherow.A.asecondB.thesecondC.twoD.second32Thegirlwantedtosing____songinEnglish.A.theothersB.asecondC.otherD.thesecond33Nowletmehave____.A.thethirdtryB.athirdtryC.thirdtryD.thisthirdtry 参考答案:1-5CC DAB6-10ACBDA11-15CBBAA16-20DCADB21-25BBBCD26-30ABBCA31-33BBB英语名词的使用讲解一:名词的意义和种类1.名词的意义:表示人,食物或抽象概念的词叫做名词。如:Shanghai,LiLei,desk2.名词的种类:分专有名词和普通名词I.专有名词:表示人名,月份,日期,地名等。如:China,Jim,Harbin,June。(1)专有名词在拼写时第一字母要大写。(2)专有名词(除特殊外)其前不加冠词,也没有复数形式。II.普通名词:表示某人某事物的名称。普通名词分为: (1)个体名词:表示单个的人或事物。如:boy,teacher,computer.(2)集体名词:表示一群或一些事物的总称。如:family,people,police,class.(3)物质名词:表示无法分为个体的物质。如:water,cotton,money.(4)抽象名词:表示抽象概念的词。如:health,help,friendship.注意:通常情况下,个体名词和集体名词是可数的,称为可数名词,有单,复数之分。物质名词和抽象名词一般是不可数的,称为不可数名词,通常只有单数。二:名词的数要表示两个或两个以上数的概念时,要用名词的复数形式。1.名词复数的规则变化  情况 构成方法  读音  例词  一般情况  加-s  清辅音后读/s/  map-maps  浊辅音和元音后读/z/  bag-bags/car-cars  以s,sh,  加  读/iz/  bus-buses/ ch,x等结尾-eswatch-watches  以ce,se,ze,等结尾  加-s  读/iz/  license-licenses  以辅音字母+y结尾  变y为i再加es  读/z/  baby---babies 名词复数的不规则变化1)child——children     foot——feet     tooth——teethmouse——mice    man——men     woman——women  注意:由一个词加man或woman构成的合成词,其复数形式也是-men和-women,如anEnglishman,twoEnglishmen.但German不是合成词,故复数形式为Germans;Bowman是姓,其复数是theBowmans.  2)单复同形,如deer,sheep,fish,Chinese,Japanese,li,jin,yuan,twoli,threemu,fourjin等。但除人民币的元、角、分外,美元、英镑、法郎等都有复数形式。如:adollar,twodollars;ameter,twometers.   3)集体名词,以单数形式出现,但实为复数。例如:  people police cattle等本身就是复数,不能说apeople,apolice,acattle,但可以说aperson,apoliceman,aheadofcattle,theEnglish,theBritish,theFrench,theChinese,theJapanese,theSwiss等名词,表示国民总称时,作复数用,如TheChineseareindustriesandbrave. 中国人民是勤劳勇敢的。  4)以s结尾,仍为单数的名词,如:  a.maths,politics,physics等学科名词,一般是不可数名词,为单数。  b.news为不可数名词。  c.theUnitedStates,theUnitedNations应视为单数。  TheUnitedNationswasorganizedin1945.联合国是1945年组建起来的。  d.以复数形式出现的书名,剧名,报纸,杂志名,也可视为单数。例如:  "TheArabianNights"isaveryinterestingstory-book.《一千零一夜》是一本非常有趣的故事书。   5)表示由两部分构成的东西,如:glasses(眼镜) trousers, clothes等,若表达具体数目,要借助数量词pair(对,双); suit(套);apairofglasses;twopairsoftrousers等。  6)另外还有一些名词,其复数形式有时可表示特别意思,如:goods货物,waters水域,fishes(各种)鱼。名词的格英语中有些名词可以加""s"来表示所有关系,带这种词尾的名词形式称为该名词的所有格,如:ateacher"sbook.名词所有格的规则如下:  1)单数名词词尾加""s",复数名词词尾没有s,也要加""s",如theboy"sbag男孩的书包,men"sroom男厕所。  2)若名词已有复数词尾-s,只加""",如:theworkers"struggle 工人的斗争。  3)凡不能加""s"的名词,都可以用"名词+of+名词"的结构来表示所有关系,如:thetitleofthesong歌的名字。  4)在表示店铺或教堂的名字或某人的家时,名词所有格的后面常常不出现它所修饰的名词,如:thebarber"s理发店。  5)如果两个名词并列,并且分别有"s,则表示"分别有";只有一个"s,则表示"共有".例如:   John"sandMary"srooms(两间)  JohnandMary"sroom(一间)  6)复合名词或短语,"s加在最后一个词的词尾。例如:amonthortwo"sabsence不可数名词量的表示 1)物质名词  a.当物质名词转化为个体名词时为可数。  比较:Cakeisakindoffood. 蛋糕是一种食物。(不可数)  Thesecakesaresweet. 这些蛋糕很好吃。(可数)  b.当物质名词表示该物质的种类时,可数。例如:  Thisfactoryproducessteel. (不可数)  Weneedvarioussteels. (可数)  c.当物质名词表示份数时,可数。例如:  Ourcountryisfamousfortea.我国因茶叶而闻名。  Twoteas,please.请来两杯茶。  2)抽象名词表示具体的事例时也可数。例如:   fourfreedoms四大自由    thefourmodernizations四个现代化  物质名词和抽象名词可以借助单位词表一定的数量,如aglassofwater一杯水/apieceofadvice 一则建议。定语名词的复数名词作定语一般用单数,但也有以下例外。  1用复数作定语。例如: sportsmeeting运动会   studentsreading-room学生阅览室 talkstable谈判桌       theforeignlanguagesdepartment外语系  2)man,woman,gentleman等作定语时,其单复数以所修饰的名词的单复数而定。例如:  menworkers  womenteachers  gentlemenofficials  3)有些原有s结尾的名词,作定语时,s保留。例如:  goodstrain(货车)        armsproduce 武器生产  customspapers海关文件     clothesbrush 衣刷   4)数词+名词作定语时,这个名词一般保留单数形式。例如:  two-dozeneggs 两打鸡蛋 aten-milewalk十英里路  two-hundredtrees两百棵树 afive-yearplan. 一个五年计划不同国籍人的单复数:国人复数变化可概括为:中日不变,英法变,其他s加后面   国籍  总称(谓语用复数)  单数  复数  中国人  theChinese  aChinese   twoChinese  德国人  theGermans  aGerman  twoGermans 澳大利亚人  theAustralians   anAustralian  twoAustralians  俄国人  theRussians  aRussian  twoRussians  意大利人  theItalians  anItalian  twoItalians  希腊人  theGreek  aGreek  twoGreeks   法国人  theFrench  aFrenchman  twoFrenchmen  日本人  theJapanese  aJapanese  twoJapanese  美国人  theAmericans  anAmerican  twoAmericans  印度人  theIndians  anIndian  twoIndians  加拿大人  theCanadians  aCanadian  twoCanadians  德国人  theGermans  aGermans  twoGermans  英国人  theEnglish  anEnglishman  twoEnglishmen下面是有关英语名词的练习名词1. Thisis___reading-room.A.theteacher’s           B.teacher’sC.teacher’s               D.theteachers’ 2. Nothingwasfoundbut___broken.A.theroomwindow          B.theroom’swindowC.theroomofthewindow   D.thewindowofroom3. Howmany___wouldyoulike?A.paper                 B.breadC.piecesofpapers      D.piecesofbread4. Hewaspraisedforhis___.A.brave                 B.braveryC.bravely               D.greatbrave5. Pleasegetmeanew___whenyougototown.A.clothes                B.dressC.clothing               D.trousers6. Thereare34___doctorsinthehospital.A.woman               B.womenC.woman’s            D.women’s7. Some___areeventhinnerthanyourlittlefinger. A.bamboo               B.bamboosC.kindsofbamboo      D.kindsofbamboos8. Hewasborninthistownandnowhelivesin___.A.Buildingsecond        B.BuildingTwoC.theBuildingTwo       D.BuildingtheSecond9. Oldasheis,hehas___todoeveryday.A.alotofwork           B.muchworksC.lotsofhomeworks       D.quitealotofhomeworks10.  Jack’sroomisfurnishedwith___.A.newfurnitures                   B.manynewfurnituresC.manynewpiecesoffurnitures    D.manynewpiecesoffurniture11.  Haveyouread___newspaperyet?A.today’s               B.Today’sC.thetoday’s           D.yourtoday’s12.  It’snotfar,only___walkfromheretoourschool.A.atenminutes          B.tenminutesC.atenminutes’        D.tenminutes’ 13.  Lastmonth,hewroteme___letter.A.a1000-word          B.1000wordsC.a1000-words         D.1000words’14.  Hehada___sleepyesterday.A.agoodnight          B.agood-nightC.agoodnight’s       D.good-night’s15.  ___isnotalongwaytodrive.A.Threemilesdistance    B.Three-miledistanceC.Threemiles’distance  D.Athree-mile-distance16.  Hisisn’tfitforthework.Pleasegetme___.A.somethingelse         B.somebodyelseC.someoneelse’s        D.somebody’selse17.  Doyouknowhowlarge___is?A.populationofChina    B.ChinesepopulationC.Chinapopulation       D.China’spopulation18.  ___istoomuchfortheboytocarry. A.Theboxweight          B.Thebox’sweightC.Theweightofthebox   D.Theboxoftheweight19.  Excuseme,howcanIgettothenearest___shop?A.shoes                B.shoeC.shoes’              D.shoe’s20.  What___weatherwe’rehavingthesedays!A.nice                 B.aniceC.abad                D.worse21.  Theysaythatthemeetingwillbe___.A.ofveryimportant      B.greatimportanceC.ofgreatimportance    D.greatimportant22.  I’mgoingtocallat___thisevening.A.MrBlack             B.theBlacksC.MrBlack’s          D.Blacks’23.  WhatDarwinsaidwasanattackonpeople’sreligious___.A.belief                B.beliefsC.beliefs               D.believs 24.  Therearesome___waitingforyououtside.A.German              B.AmericanC.grown-up            D.Japanese25.  Theirfactoryhasdevelopedakindof___tohelppeoplewalk.A.machine              B.machinesC.amachine            D.themachine26.  There’remany___inmybrother’salbum.A.leafs                B.toysC.books                D.stamps27.  YesterdayIwenttothesupermarketandboughtalotof___.A.tomatoes             B.potatosC.vegetable            D.meats28.  UponhearingwhatIsaid,his___rose.A.anger                B.angryC.angrily              D.angriness29.  Excuseme,canyouchangethis___forme? A.five-poundnote        B.fivepoundsnoteC.five-poundnotes       D.fivepoundsnotes30.  Youhavetomake___foryourjourneyA.preparing             B.preparationC.apreparation         D.preparations31.  Whilewashingup,shebrokea___.A.glasswine            B.wineglassC.glassofwine         D.wineofglass32.  Youhaveworkedouttheplanandnowwemustputitinto___.A.fall                  B.realityC.practice              D.deed33.  Here’smycard,Let’skeepin___.A.touch                 B.relationC.connection            D.friendship34.  I’lllookintothematterassoonaspossible,justhavealittle___.A.wait                  B.timeC.patience              D.rest 35.  Ifbyanychancesomeonecomestoseeme,askhimorhertoleavea___.A.message               B.letterC.sentence              D.notice36.  Wewalkedallthe___tothemuseum.A.trip                  B.roadC.way                   D.journey37.  Scientistsarewatchingfortheearliest___ofharmful___ontheworld’sweather.A.signs;effects           B.marks;affectC.tracks;affections        D.instance;effections38.  Theseyoungpeoplearenowmakinganactive___tosavetheoldtemple.A.part                   B.effortC.decision               D.plan39.  Don’tpushtothefront;youhavetowaityour___.A.chance                 B.dutyC.line                   D.turn 40.  Youneedmore___tokeepfit.A.practice                B.trainC.exercises               D.exercise名词部分答案:1-5DADBB6-10BCBAD11-15ADACC16-20CDCBA21-25CCBDA26-30DAAAD31-35BCACA35-40CABDD