新目标八年级上册-英语语法知识点精讲+练习 5页

Practicemakesperfect!新目标八年级上册英语语法知识点精讲+练习（一）一般将来时一般将来时表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或者存在的状态。通常与表示将来的时间状语连用，如tomorrow,thedayaftertomorrow,nextyear,nextmonth,nextweek,in100years等。begoingtodo（动词原形）结构：表示打算、准备做的事情或者肯定要发生的事情。如：Itisgoingtorain.willdo结构表示将来的用法：1.表示预见Doyouthinkitwillrain?Youwillfeelbetterafteragoodrest.2.表示意图Iwillborrowabookfromourschoollibrarytomorrow.Whatwillshedotomorrow?基本构成如下：一般疑问句构成：（1）will+主语+do…?WillSarahcometovisitmenextSunday?（2）therebe结构的一般疑问句：Willthere+be…?Willtherebefewertrees?Yes,therewill./No,therewon’t否定句构成：will+not（won’t）+doSarahwon’tcometovisitmenextSunday.特殊疑问句构成：特殊疑问词＋will＋主语＋…？WhatwillSarahdonextSunday?★★练一练★★根据例句，用will改写下列各句例：Idon’tfeelwelltoday.（bebettertomorrow）I’llbebettertomorrow.1.Ginahassixclassestoday.（havealotofhomeworktonight）_____________________________2.I’mtirednow.（sleeplater）_____________________________3.Myparentsneedanewcar.（buyonesoon）_____________________________4.Wecan’tleaverightnow.（leavealittlelater）_____________________________5.Theweatherisawfultoday.（bebettertomorrow）_____________________________答案：1.She’llhavealotofhomeworktonight.2.I’llsleeplater.3.They’llbuyonesoon.4.We’llleavealittlelater.5.Maybeit’llbebettertomorrow. Practicemakesperfect!（二）should的用法：should用来提出建议和忠告，后边加动词原形，否定句直接在should后边加not.例如：Ithinkyoushouldeatlessjunkfood.我认为你应该少吃垃圾食品。Shedrivesalotandsheseldomwalks.SoIthinksheshouldwalkalot.她经常开车，很少走路。所以我认为她应该多走路。Studentsshouldn’tspendtoomuchtimeplayingcomputergames.学生们不应当花太多的时间玩计算机游戏。学习向别人提建议的几种句式：（1）Ithinkyoushould…（2）Well,youcould…（3）Maybeyoushould…（4）Whydon’tyou…?（5）Whataboutdoingsth.?（6）You’dbetterdosth.★★练一练★★用should或shouldn’t填空1.Ican’tsleepthenightbeforeexams.You______takeawarmshowerbeforeyougotobed.2.Goodfriends______argueeachother.3.Thereislittlemilkintheglass.We_______buysome.4.Theydidn’tinviteyou?Maybeyou______befriendlier.5.Iamalittlebitoverweight.SoIthinkI_______doexerciseseveryday.答案：1.should2.shouldn’t3.should4.should5.should（三）过去进行时过去进行时表示过去某一点时间正在进行的动作或者过去某一段时间内一直进行的动作。1.构成was/were+doing，例如：IwaswatchingTVat9o’clocklastnight.at9o’clocklastnight是时间点Theywereplayingfootballallafternoon.allafternoon是时间段2.过去进行时的标志词at8o’clocklastnight,thistimeyesterday等。例如：Iwashavinglunchathomethistimeyesterday.昨天的这个时候我正在吃午饭。Atthattimeshewaswritingabook.那阵子她在写一本书。（表示她在那段时间里一直在做那件事情。）★★练一练★★用括号中所给动词的适当形式填空。1.ThistimeyesterdayI__________（read）books.2.At9o’clocklastSundaythey____________（have）aparty. Practicemakesperfect!3.WhenI_____（come）intotheclassroom,she______________（read）astorybook.4.She___________（play）computergameswhilehermother__________（cook）yesterdayafternoon.5.I___________（have）ashowerwhenyou_______（call）meyesterday.答案：1.wasreading2.werehaving3.came;wasreading4.wasplaying;wascooking5.washaving;called（四）间接引语形成步骤：（1）不要逗号，冒号，引号（2）要考虑到人称的变化（人称的变化与汉语是一致的）（3）要考虑时态的变化（4）要考虑时间状语、地点状语和语示代词的变化。1.直接引语变成间接引语时，几个主要时态的变化规律直接引语间接引语一般现在时一般过去时一般将来时过去将来时现在进行时过去进行时2.直接引语变成间接引语时，一些词汇的变化规律直接引语1.am/is2.are3.have/has4.will5.can6.may间接引语1.was2.were3.had4.would5.could6.might★★练一练★★用括号中所给动词的适当形式填空。1.ShesaidI_____（be）hard-working.2.Petertoldmehe_____（be）boredyesterday.3.Shesaidshe_____（go）swimminglastSunday.4.Bobbysaidhe_____（may）callmelater.5.Antoniotoldmehe_____（read）abookthen.答案：1.was2.was3.went4.might5.wasreading请转述他人说的话：1.IgotothebeacheverySaturday.（Tom）2.Icanspeakthreelanguages.（Lucy）3.Iwillcallyoutomorrow.（Mike）4.I’mhavingasurprisepartyforLana.（she）（五）if引导的条件状语从句结构：if＋一般现在时，主语＋将来时含义：如果……，将要……例如：Ifyouaskhim,hewillhelpyou.如果你请求他，他会帮助你。 Practicemakesperfect!Ifneedbe,we’llworkallnight.如果需要，我们就干个通宵。★★练一练★★根据中文提示，完成句子。1.如果你参加聚会，你将会过得很开心。Ifyou________theparty,you__________.2.如果明天下雨，我们将不去野餐。Ifit__________tomorrow,we___________.3.如果你经常听英文歌，你将会喜欢英语的。Ifyouoften________,you_________________.答案：1.Ifyougototheparty,youwillhaveagoodtime2.Ifitrainstomorrow,wewon’tgotothepicnic3.IfyouoftenlistentoEnglishsongs,you’lllikeEnglish实战操练（答题时间：80分钟）一.选择填空。（）1.Beijingwonthechances_________the2008Olympics.A.tohostB.hostC.hostingD.hosted（）2.TigerWoodscanmakebillions______dollarsayear.A.forB.withC.ofD.on（）3.－Youlookedsobeautifulattheparty.－_______.A.No,Idon’tthinksoB.OfcourseC.ThankyouverymuchD.No,I’mnotbeautiful（）4.Thetextisveryeasyforyou.Thereare______newwordsinit.A.afewB.alittleC.fewD.little（）5.Inthebookshop,areaderaskedtheshopkeeper________“WhoMovedMycheese”wasaninterestingbook.A.thatB.whatC.howD.if（）6.－InourEnglishstudyreadingismoreinterestingthanspeaking,Ithink.－Idon’tagree.Speakingis_______reading.A.asimportantasB.soimportantasC.themoreimportantD.themostimportant（）7.Ifhe________harder,he’llcatchupwithus.A.workB.worksC.workedD.willwork（）8.Themanager________thatthebusinesswouldbeworseafterthestock（股票）wentdown.A.talkedB.toldC.saidD.spoke（）9.Weshouldkeep_________inthereading-room.A.quietB.quietlyC.quiteD.quickly（）10.－Ithinkeverythinggoesonwell.－_______.A.SoIdoB.IdosoC.SodoID.SoisI Practicemakesperfect!（）11.IfyouwanttowatchTV,youmayturn_______.A.downB.itonC.onitD.itoff（）12.I’msorryIhaven’tgotanymoney.I’ve________myhandbagathome.A.missedB.leftC.putD.forgotten（）13.Heislisteningtothemusic_______sheiswashingclothes.A.afterB.beforeC.thatD.while（）14.Ittakes________timetogotoBeijingbyplanethanbytrain.A.moreB.fewerC.longerD.less（）15.－Excuseme.Haveyougotaneraser?－Sorry,Ihaven’t.Why_______youaskMary?Perhapsshe’sgotone.A.doB.don’tC.didD.didn’t二.选择恰当的答语。_____1.WhatwereyoudoingwhentheUFOlanded?A.Yourteacherwon’tletyouin._____2.WillpeopleusepaperB.HesaidIcouldn’tstayoutlate.moneyinthefuture?_____3.Ican’tsleep,whatshouldIdo?C.Iwasdoingmyhomework._____4.IfIwearjeanstoschool,D.No,theywon’t.Everyonewhatwillhappen?willhaveacreditcard._____5.Whatdidyourfathersay?E.Youshouldlistentosomerelaxingmusic.三.根据汉语提示填空：1.不知道该怎么办，你能给我点建议吗？Idon’tknow__________todo,canyougivemesome_______?2.外星人正在买纪念品的时候，我给警察打了个电话。Whilethealienwas_______asouvenir,I________thepolice.3.我放学回家的路上，看见一只猫从窗户里跑了出来。Onmywayhomefromschool,Isawacatget_______________awindow.4.我不想在电话里跟你谈论这件事情。Idon’twanttotalk_________itwithyou_________thephone.5.我们要在周五晚上为约翰举办一个惊喜的晚会。Wearegoingtohavea_______partyforJohn________Fridayevening.【试题答案】（A）1.A2.D3.B4.D5.B6.C7.B8.D9.C10.B（B）1.report2.themselves3.because4.much/more5.So6.that7.tell8.to9.love10.understanding参考练习答案：一.1.A2.C3.C4.C5.D6.A7.B8.C9.A10.C11.B12.B13.D14.D15.B二.1.C2.D3.E4.A5.B