深圳中考英语语法填空解题技巧指导 10页

语法填空解题技巧指导一，解题步骤：1，快速浏览，了解大意。对于简单有把握的空，可以先填出来；2，上下求索，填出答案。根据上下文及空格前后的逻辑关系，填出正确的词以及正确的形式；3，通读全文，检查确认。特别要注意，根据文章意思，有些空是否要加入否定前缀。二，解题思路：1，有提示词    这类题和咱们以前用所给词的正确形式填空做题方法基本一致，首先需要我们根据上下文，分析句子成分，确定空格所需要的词性，再根据前后文确定词形。（1）.如果要填入动词，我们需要判断到底是谓语动词和非谓语动词。    如果缺谓语动词，就要考虑到时态和语态的变化。    若句中已有谓语动词，又不是并列谓语时，那么我们应该填入非谓语动词，这时我们需要确定到底是todo,doing还是done的形式。例题：①.Forexample,I________(order)adigitalcameraonlinetheotherdayandsavedabout$50.②.WhenIdie,I________(give)everythingtoyou.③.Ontheirreturn,thefatheraskedhisson________(explain)whathehadlearnt.④.Theyareanimals________(live)inthesea.⑤.Helikesreadingbooks________(write)byLuXun.【实时训练】分析句子结构，找出句中的谓语动词及非谓语动词。1.Worldemissionshaverisenbyabout70%sincethe1970s.10 2.Walking10kilometerseverydayisachallenginggameforanormalperson.3.Itaffectsman"sspiritandmakesthemmorelikelytosufferfromdisease.4.Manyyearsagotherelivedaveryrichmanwhowantedtodosomethingforthepeopleofhistown.5.Thesurveyconductedbytheclubshowsthatmanypeoplewanttotakeexerciseforonehoureveryday.课堂练习Task1.请做下面一组题，每做一题都要思考是如何一步一步做出来的，并将解题的思维过程说出来。在做完这一组题后，总结一下这类题的解题方法。1.IwasonmywaytotheTaiyetosMountains.Thesunwassettingwhenmycar__________(break)downneararemotevillage.2.Beingtooanxioustohelpaneventdevelopoften________(result)inthecontrarytoourintention.3....peoplesteppedonyourfeetor_________(push)youwiththeirelbows(肘部),hurryingaheadtogettoabargain.4.Hermotherwasexcited,“Yourfatherhasatlastdecidedtostopsmoking,”Jane____________(inform).5.Afterafour-dayjourney,theyoungman__________(present)thewatertotheoldman.Histeachertookadeepdrink6.He______________(pretend)thatatigertoywasrealandgivingitavoice.Task2:请做下面一组题，每做一题都要思考是如何一步一步做出来的，并将解题的思维过程说出来。在做完这一组题后，总结一下这类题的解题方法。1.Inoticedaman_________(sit)atthefront.2.Hespititout,________(say)itwasawful.3.It’salready8:30.Wemusthurryup________(catch)theplane.4.Forexample,theproverb,“pluckingupacrop________(help)itgrow”,isbasedonthefollowingstory.5.Ireallylikethephotos______(take)ontheGreatWall.Task3:根据以上所学知识，填写下列句子。10 1.WhenIaskedwhathe_______(want)toorder，hejust_______(shake)hishead.2.Theexam,whichwasoriginallytobeheldinourclassroom，_____________(change)tothelibraryatthelastminute.3.InMountBerry，Georgia，peoplefindagroupofschools_____(build)speciallyformountainchildren.4.______(walk)nearer，shelookedupatmeandthen_______(fix)hereyesonmycan.5.Theotherfrogskept________(tell)themtostopandthattheywereasgoodasdead.6.Beforethewaitresscouldevenfinish_______(describe)themenu，myfriendlookedatmewithhiseyebrows_______(raise).7.Apick-uptruck_______(pass)usontheroadand，afewminuteslater，Isawit______(pull)backandthedriverlookingdirectlyatus.（2）.如果需要填入名词，我们则需要根据我们的积累，加上正确的词缀，并判断是否有单复数的变化。通常情况下，作主语，及物动词或介词的宾语，形容词或物主代词之后，冠词+（形容词）后以及表示数量的词后要用名词。例题：①.Myfirst________(impress)ofhimisthathewasakindandthoughtfulman.②.Thesepeoplehavemadegreat________(contribute)toChinawiththeirwork.③Withlargenumbersofstudents,the________(operate)ofthesystemdoesinvolveacertainamountofactivity.构词法：（这些单词都是大家初中阶段学习过的考纲内词汇，请务必熟记于心）（1）动词变名词①加ment，如：treatment,improvement,development,agreement,advertisement,achievement,punishment,excitement.②加ion，如：invention,action,collection,attraction,suggestion,discussion10 ③去e加ion，如：education,operation,communication,graduation,congratulation④去e加ation，如：preparation,invitation,imagination,examination⑤改de为sion，如：decision,conclusion⑥加ing，如：training,meaning,building,meeting,feeling,greeting⑦加or，如：actor,director,visitor⑧加er，如：player,reader,owner,leader,speaker,farmer,waiter,reporter,dancer⑨加ress，如：waitress,actress⑩加ist，如：scientist，artist，tourist（1）形容词变名词①加ness，如：illness,sickness,kindness,sadness,happiness②加y/ty，如：difficulty,safety③加er/r，如：foreigner,stranger④改t为ce，如：difference,silence,importance,patience,confidence⑤加th或去e加th，如：warmth,truth【实时训练】1.Whatisthe___________(different)betweenthetwowords.2.Thedriver’s___________(care)ledtothetrafficaccident.3.Ireceivedaletterof___________(invite)butIdidn’tacceptit.4.Heisa____________(lie),don’tbelievehim.5.Ihadno___________(choose),though.6.The___________(win)ofthecompetitionaretobeannouncednextweek.7.Lookupthe___________(mean)ofthewordinadictionary.8.___________(congratulate)!Youhavedonesowellinthegame.9.Ireceivedaletterof___________(invite)butIdidn’tacceptit.10 （3）.如果需要填入形容词、副词。首先，我们要确认到底是填形容词还是副词。形容词一般用来修饰名词，代词，或作表语；副词一般用来修饰动词，形容词，副词或整个句子。其次，我们还要考虑是否需要变成比较级或最高级。例题：①.BeforethetripIthoughtwewererich,buttodayIlearntwhois________(true)rich.②.Hemustbe________(mental)disabled.③.Histeachertookadeepdrink,smiled________(warm).④.________(Fortune),nobodywasinjuredandnobuildingsweredestroyed.⑤.Somepeoplesaythattheoldestchild,whoaresmartandstrong-willed,areverylikely________(succeed)⑥.Thewinningcarreachedaspeedoffortymilesanhour---much________(fast)thananyofitsrivals.构词法：（这些单词都是大家初中阶段学习过的考纲内词汇，请务必熟记于心）动词或名词变形容词：10 形容词变副词的后缀：【实时训练】Task1.用所给词的适当形式填空，并圈出解题的关键词（被修饰词）。1.Theriverwassopollutedthatit_________(actual)caughtfireandburned.2.Bendyourkneesslightlyandreachoutyourarmsliketreebranches,naturallyand_______(soft).3.Justbe______________(patience).4.Althoughparentsshouldtake_________(well)careoftheiryoungchildren,theydon’t________(necessary)doanythingforthem.5.---DoyoulikeMary’snewhairstyle?---Perfect!Howmuch________(good)shelookswiththecurlyshorthair!10 1.---Areyousatisfiedwiththeresultoftheexam?---Notatall.Ican’thavea________(bad)one.2.---Lilydidsucceedatlast!---Yeah,indeed,butshewas_______(luck)thansuccessful,Ithink.8.Thatwouldbeavery________(reason)thingtodoinabigcity,butitcoulddestroyasmallvillagelikethis.9.Maryfelt__________(please),becausethereweremanyemptyseatsintheroom.10.Theteachersareveryenthusiasticand__________(friend)andtheclassroomsare_____________(amaze).Task2.语法填空Sometimeago,afriendofmine,whoworkedinapartofthecityIdidn’tknowvery_1______(good),invitedmetocallonhim.IttookmehourstogetthereandItook_2________(greatly)troubletofindaproperspottoparkmycar.AsIwasalreadythree-quartersofanhourlate,Iparkedmycar_3_________(quick).Atnoon,justIwasleavingmyfriend’soffice,it_4______(sudden)struckmethatIhadnoideawhereIhadparkedmycar.IcouldhardlygouptoapolicemanandtellhimthatIhadlostasmallgreencarsomewhere!Walkingdownstreet_5______street,Iexaminedeachcar_6____(close)andwasveryhappytoseeasmallgreencarjustbehindanoldcar.ButHow_7___________(disappoint)Iwastodiscoverthatthoughthecarwas_8___________(exact)likemyown,itbelongedtosomeoneelse!Feelingquite_9________(tire)now,Iwentoffforlunch.Sometime_10_________(late),Ilefttherestaurantandwalkeddownthestreet.Turningthecorner,Inearlyjumpedforjoy:mycarwasrightinfrontofme,andtherewasnoproblemthistime.2，无提示词    无提示词的空格一般需要填入冠词，代词，介词，连词（并列连词和从属连词）等虚词。（1）. 名词前面一般用冠词，形容词性物主代词或介词等。例题：10 ①.Ayoungman,whiletravelingthroughadesert,cameacrossaspringofclearwater.________waterwassweet.②.Besides,shoppingatthistimeoftheyearwasnot________pleasantexperience.③.Theyoungmanwenthome________ahappyheart.④.MoYanwontheNobelPrizefor________greatworks.（2）.缺主语或宾语，一般填代词。常考的代词包括：人称代词，物主代词，反身代词，不定代词。做题时，先要通过翻译句子来确定该空格处所缺的意思，从而确定用哪一种代词，再通过平时积累的语法知识，来判断代词的准确使用。例题：①.Herearetwobags.Theblue________ismine.②.Suddenlythewallmoved---________wasmadeoftrees.③.Newtechnologieshavemade_________possibletoturnoutnewproductsfaster.（3）. 若两个或多个单词，短语，或句子之间设空，一般填入并列连词and,but,or等。例题：①.Eachwinnerreceivesagoldmedal,adiploma________asumofmoney.②.Hewasverytiredfromdoingthisforawholeday,________hefeltveryhappy.③.Whichdoyouprefer,folkmusic________popmusic?【实时训练】1._________villagewhereIwasbornhasgrowninto_________bigtown.2.Inordertofindabetterjob,shedecidedtostudy_________secondlanguage.3.Thecoffeeissodelicious.Ihavefinishedacupofitandwant_________.4.Insomecountries,peopleeatwithchopsticks,whilein_________,theyuseknivesandforks.5.LarryasksBillandPetertogoonapicnicwithhim,but_________ofthemwantsto,becausetheyhavealotofworktodo.10 6.Janewasaskedalotofquestions,butshedidn’tansweranyof_________.7.Respectisveryimportant_________home,atschool,andeverywhereyougo.8.Eachfrogcaneatalotofpeststhatareharmful_________crops.9.Jackisinahurrybecausethebustotheairportleaves_________halfanhour.10.TheScottishgirl_________blueeyeswonthefirstprizeintheFifthChineseSpeechContest.11.Peoplefindthattheycouldhardlyfallasleepinhotsummerdays_________airconditioners.12.Susanmade_________cleartomethatshewishedtomakeanewlifeforherself.（4）. 若两个句子之间没有分号或是句号；若一个句子包含在另一个句子里面，或一个句子位于逗号之后，则应该填连词，多为从属连词that,who,which,if,unless,though,because,when,until等。例题：①.Finallyhereachedalonelyisland________wascompletelycutofffromtheoutsideworld.②.________hardyourtry,itisdifficulttoloseweight.③.Ifyouhappentogetlostinthewild,you’dbetterstay________youare.④.________wehaveenoughevidence,wecannotwinthecase.⑤.Somechildrenwanttochallengethemselvesbylearningalanguagedifferentfrom______theirparentsspeakathome.⑥.Atthesametime,therehadbeenagrowingnumberofoverseasstudents________camebacktoChinaafterstudy.⑦.Myfaceturnedredonhearing________mymothersaid.【实时训练】1._________heisanewcomer,hehasfewfriendsaroundthem.2.Tomdidn’tgotobed_________hismothercamebackfromschool.3.Don’tgiveup,_________you’llneverachieveyourgoals.4.Youwillsucceedintheend_________yougiveuphalfway.10 5._________Ilikethefoodinthatrestaurant,Iwon’tvisitittoday.I’dliketotryadifferentone.6.Asportman_________hassetanewworldrecordiscertainlyahero.7.Ihavefinishedreadingallthebooks_________wereborrowedfromtheschoollibrary.8.Ilikethewriter_________novelispopularamongyoungchildren.9.Thereason_________Idon’tbelieveinhimisthatheoftentelllies.10.Wehaven’tdecided_________wearegoingtoputournewfurniture.11.Icannotforgetthetime_________Istayedinthecountrysidewiththosefarmers.12.Hesaidthegirlwastoofat,_________madethegirlveryangry.13.Theoldwomanwasshockedby_________hadhappenedtoherdaughter.10