初中英语语法形容词和副词的比较级和最高级 6页

级别比较程度表达方式和意义例句备注原  级同等程度肯定形式As+原级+as(像……一样)Artisasinterestingasmusic.Playaswellasyoucan. 否定形式not+so(as)+原级+as(不如……那样)Englishisnotsodifficultasscience.ShedoesnotstudysowellasIdo. 比较级不同程度（用于两者比较）比较级+than(比……)JimisolderthanLuky.Ilikeporkbetterthanbeef.比较级前面可以加much,far,even,still,alot,alittle,abit等程度加深比较级+and+比较级（越来越……）The+比较级，the+比较级（越……,越……）Heisgrowingtallerandtaller.Hestudiesbetterandbetter.Themorebooksshereads,thebettersheunderstand. 最高级最高程度（用于三者或三者以上）The+最高级+of(in)(最……)Springisthebestseasonoftheyear.LinTaojumped(the)farthestofall.副词最高级前面的the往往省略注意：有些形容词，如dead,empty,round,sure,woolen等受本身含义的限制，没有比较级。相关结构1)原级比较：肯定句as….as….,否定句notso/as….as…..2)比较句：比较级＋than….或more(less)+adj….than…..Thefurnitureinthisshopislessbeautifulthanthatinthatshop.(注意代词that的用法)3)比较级＋and＋比较级或moreandmore＋比较级“越来越…”richerandricher,moreandmoreinteresting4)Themore…..,themore…..“越…，越…”Themoreyoulookatthepicture,thebetteryouwilllikeit.5)比较级＋thananyother＋n.（单）（适用于范围一致时）(all)other＋n.（复）any＋n.(单)（适用于范围不一致时） Heistallerthananyotherstudent/allotherstudentsinhisclass.anystudentinmyclass.6)倍数表达法。Aisthree(four,etc.)timesthesize(height,lengthetc.)ofB.Aisthree(four,etc.)timesasbig(high,long,etc.)asB.Aisthree(four,etc.)timesbigger(higher,longer,etc.)thanB.用times表倍数通常用于三倍以上，两倍可以用twice或double.Thenewbuildingisfourtimesthesize(theheight)oftheoldone.这座新楼比那座旧楼大三倍（高三倍）。AsiaisfourtimesaslargeasEurope.亚洲比欧洲大三倍。Yourschoolisthreetimesbiggerthanours.你们的学校比我们的学校大三倍。7)more…than…结构，其意往往是…ratherthan…，可译为“是……而不是……”或颠倒词序译作“与其说是……，不如说是……”。Thatlittlegirlismoretiredthanhungry.那个小姑娘是累了而不是饿了。Sheismoreamotherthanawife或Sheismoreofamotherthanawife.她是贤妻，更是良母。形容词比较级的用法:1）A+形容词比较级+than+BSusanishappierthanJane.Hisbrotherisyoungerthanme.BeijingismorebeautifulthanOsaka.(形容词比较级前还可以用much,even,still,alittle，far,alot,abit,muchmore来修饰。Very,so,too,quite不能修饰比较级。)2）数字+形容词比较级+thanI’mtwoyearsolderthanyou.Sheisaheadtallerthanme.3）比较级+and+比较级，表示“越来越„„”4）Theearthisgettingwarmerandwarmer.Chinabecomesmoreandmorestronger.5）4）the+比较级，the+比较级结构，表示“越„„就越„„”6）ThemoreIstudyit,themoreIlikeit.7）5）which/who+is+比较级Whichcityisbigger,BeijingorTianjin?Whoishappier,youorme?形容词最高级用法：用于三者及以上的人或事物的比较,最高级前加the，最高级前有物主代词，序数词和名词所有格时，不加定冠词，后面跟带in或of表范围的短语。1）oneofthe+最高级ShanghaiisoneofthemostbeautifulcitiesinChina.Ourcityisoneofthesafestcitiesintheworld.Mostpeoplelikeapples.Mostoftheboysaregood.Itisournearestneighborinspace.2）最高级意义的表达方法:例句最高级Sheisthebestinherclass.等同于比较级Sheisbetterthananyotherstudentinherclass.副词比较级和最高级的用法：1.原级主要的句型：1）as+副词原级+asTomrunsasfastasJones.notas/so+副词原级+as Hedidn’tcomeas/soearlyasLiLei.2）too+副词原级+todosth.Jeanridestooslowlytocatchupwithme.3）so+副词原级+thatJeanridessoslowlythatshecan’tcatchupwithme.4）副词原级+enoughtodosth.Jeandoesn’tridefastenoughtocatchupwithme.2.副词比较级的用法：1）比较级+than。当前后使用的动词相同时，通常用助动词来代替后面的动词，该动词或助动词可以省略。LilyrunfasterthanMary(did).2）比较级+and+比较级Thedaysaregettinglongerandlongerinsummer.3）themore…themore…Theharderyouwork,thebetteryouwilllearn.3.副词最高级的用法：副词最高级前一般有the，也可省略。Heworks(the)hardestofallthestudentsintheclass.（1）形容词最高级前通常必须用定冠词the，副词最高级前可不用。例句：TheSaharaisthebiggestdesertintheworld.1Don"tworry,sir.I"msureIcanrun_________tocatchupwiththem.A.slowlyenough B.enoughslowly C.fastenough D.enoughfast2.Thetextisveryeasyforyou.Thereare________newwordsinit.A.afew B.alittle C.few D.little3.It"ssuchan________filmthatallthestudentsare______init.A.interesting;interested B.interested;interesting C.interesting;interesting D.interested;interested;interested4.Mingminggotupvery_______,sohecametoschoolhalfanhour______.A.late;lately B.lately;late C.lately;lately D.late;late5-Look!Howfastthetwohorsesarerunning!Oh,yes!Theyarenearly_______.A.upanddown B.slowerandslower C.moreorless D.neckandneck6.______childrenthereareinfamily,_______theirlifewillbe.A.Theless;thebetter B.Thefewer;thebetter C.Fewer;richer D.More;poorer7.MostofthepeopleinGuangdongaregetting________.A.moreandmorerich B.morerichandmorerich C.richerandricher D.richerandrichest8.Whichlessonis_______,thisoneorthatone?A.difficult B.muchdifficult C.moredifficult D.themostdifficult9"A______accidenthappenedat7:30a.m."saidthepoliceman_______.A.serious,serious B.seriously,seriously C.seriously,serious D.serious,seriously10.Inourcity,itis______inJuly,butitiseven_______inAugust.A.hotter;hottest B.hot;hot C.hotter;hot D.hot;hotter11.Thispencilis______thatone.A.solongas B.aslongeras C.longerthan D.notaslongestas12Thisboxis______heavy________Ican"tcarryit.A.too,to B.so,that C.very,that D.too,that13.Indiahasthesecond_______populationintheworld A.larger B.most C.smallest D.largest14.Thecakesmells______.Pleasethrowitaway.A.good B.badly C.bad D.well15---Whatwastheweatherlikeyesterday?---Itwasterrible.Itrainedso________thatpeoplecould_______goout.　　  A.hardly…hard   B.hardly…hardly    C.hard…hardly  D.hard…hard16.Themeetingwillbeheldinhalfanhour,buttheyhaven"tgoteverythingready_____.　　  A.ever      B.already     C.yet      D.still17Howbeautifulshesings!I"veneverheard________.　　  A.thebettervoice    B.agoodvoice   C.thebestvoice    D.abettervoice18ThesceneryinSanyalooks________,especially"TianYaHaiJiao"is________.　　  A,well,best    B.fine,themostfamous    C.nice,better  D.beautifully,thebest19OfthetwoAustralianstudents,Mashais________one.Ithinkyoucanfindhereasily.　　  A,tallest    B,thetaller    C.taller      D.thetallest20.---Whydon’tyouliketheshirt?---Itsneckisnotbigformeatall.Haveyougotashirtofthiskindwith_____neck?A.thebiggestB.afarbiggerC.byfarthebiggestD.amorebigger21_____,theboyswereshoutingandsinging.A.HappyandexcitedB.HappilyandexcitedlyC.TobehappyandexcitedD.Tobehappilyandexcitedly22.TheUSisaboutthesamesizeasChina,butitspopulationisfivetimes____.A.aslittleB.smallerC.asfewD.fewer23Thelittletownhasnowgrownintoamodernbigcity,andis___whatitusedtobe.A.twicethesizethanB.twotimesthesizeasC.twicethesizeasD.twicethesizeof24TheairinBeijingisgettingmuchnowthanafewyearsago.A.cleanB.cleanerC.cleanestD.thecleanest25Nowadayssciencefictionisn’tasascartoonsamongteenagers.A.popularB.morepopularC.lesspopularD.themostpopular26WearegladtoseethatShanghaiisdevelopingtheseyearsthaneverbefore.A.quicklyB.lessquicklyC.morequicklyD.themostquickly27ThepopulationofTianjinisthanthatofShanghai.A.largerB.lessC.smallerD.fewer28GuoYuedidquiteattheWorldTableTennisChampionship,butZhangYiningdideven.A.better,wellB.well,wellC.well,betterD.better,better29—TomissixandheishissisterJane.HowoldisJane?—Three.A.twiceasoldasB.twoyearsolderthanC.threeyearsyoungerthanD.asoldas30—Remember,boysandgirls.youwork,resultyouwillget.—Weknow,MissGao.A.Thebetter,theharderB.Theharder,thebetterC.Thehard,thebetterD.Theharder,thegood31WhichdoesJimmylike_____,ChineseorArt?A.wellB.bestC.betterD.much32TheChangjiangRiverisoneof_____intheworld.A.thelongestriverB.longestriversC.thelongestriversD.longerriversl33Hejumps_____ofthethree.A.farB.furtherC.farthestD.furthest 34Whohas_____applesnow,Jim,LilyorLucy?A.muchB.biggestC.betterD.themost35Tingtingis_____thanMeimei,butMeimeiis_____thanTingting.A.all,strongerB.taller,strongestC.tallest,strongD.taller,stronger36Motheris_____inmyfamilyA.busyB.busierC.thebusiestD.morebusy37-Thisbluesweateristoobigforme.-Willyoupleaseshowmea_____one?A.smallB.smallerC.thesmallestD.smallest38Thisbikeis_____thanthatone.A.twentyyuandearB.twentyyuandearerC.deartwentyyuanD.dearertwentyyuan（1）形容词最高级前通常必须用定冠词the，副词最高级前可不用。例句：TheSaharaisthebiggestdesertintheworld.（2）形容词most前面没有the，不表示最高级的含义，只表示"非常"。Itisamostimportantproblem.=Itisaveryimportantproblem.6．有少数形容词、副词的比较级和最高级是不规则的，必须熟记。如：good→better→bestwell→better→bestbad→worse→worstill→worse→worstold→older/elder→oldest/eldestmany/much→more→mostlittle→less→leastfar→further/farther→furthest/farthest二、形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的用法1．“A+be+形容词比较级+than+B”意思为“A比B更„„”。如：Thistreeistallerthanthatone.这棵树比那棵树高。注意①在含有连词than的比较级中，前后的比较对象必须是同一范畴，即同类事物之间的比较。②在比较级前面使用much，表示程度程度“强得多”。如：Awatermelonismuchbiggerthananapple.③very,quite一般只能修饰原级，不能修饰比较级。2．“比较级+and+比较级”或“moreandmore+原级”表示“越来越„„”如：Itbecomeswarmerandwarmerwhenspringcomes.春天来了，天气变得越来越暖和了。Itisgettingcoolerandcooler.天气越来越凉爽。Thewindbecamemoreandmoreheavily.风变得越来越大。Ourschoolisbecomingmoreandmorebeautiful.．在含有or的选择疑问句中，如果有两者供选择，前面的形容词要用比较级形式。如：Whoistaller,TimorTom?谁更高，Tim还是Tom?4.“the+比较级„„,the+比较级”，表示“越„„越„„”。Themoremoneyyoumake,themoreyouspend.钱你赚得越多，花得越多。Thesooner，thebetter.越快越好。5.表示倍数的比较级用法：①.Ais„timesthesize/height/length/widthofB.如：Thenewbuildingisthreetimestheheightoftheoldone.这座新楼比那座旧楼高三倍。(新楼是旧楼的四倍高)②.Ais„timesasbig/high/long/wide/largeasB.如：AsiaisfourtimesaslargeasEurope.亚洲是欧洲的四倍大。(亚洲比欧洲大三倍)③.Ais„timeslarger/higher/longer/widerthanB.如：Ourschoolistwicebiggerthanyours.我们学校比你们学校大两倍。6.形容词、副词的最高级形式主要用来表示三者或三者以上人或事物的比较，表示“最„„”的意思。句子中有表示范围的词或短语。如：ofthethree,inourclass等等。如：Heisthetallestinourclass.他在我们班里是最高的。7."否定词语+比较级"，"否定词语+so„as"结构表示最高级含义。Nothingissoeasyasthis.=Nothingiseasierthan this.=Thisistheeasiestthing.8.比较级与最高级的转换：Mikeisthemostintelligentinhisclass.Mikeismoreintelligentthananyotherstudentinhisclass7.修饰比较级和最高级的词1）可修饰比较级的词①.abit,alittle,rather,much,far,byfar,many,alot,lots,agreatdeal,any,still,even等。②.还可以用表示倍数的词或度量名词作修饰语。③.以上词(除byfar)外，必须置于比较级形容词或副词的前面。注意：使用最高级要注意将主语包括在比较范围内。(错)Tomisthetallestofhisthreebrothers.(对)Tomisthetallestofthethreebrothers.2)下列词可修饰最高级：byfar,far,much,mostly,almost。Thishatisnearly/almostthebiggest.注意：a.very可修饰最高级，但位置与much不同。Thisistheverybest.Thisismuchthebest.b.序数词通常只修饰最高级。Africaisthesecondlargestcontinent.8.要避免重复使用比较级。(错)Heismoreclevererthanhisbrother.(对)Heismorecleverthanhisbrother.(对)Heisclevererthanhisbrother.9.要避免将主语含在比较对象中。(错)ChinaislargerthatanycountryinAsia.(对)ChinaislargerthananyothercountryinAsia.10.要注意对应句型，遵循前后一致的原则。ThepopulationofShanghaiislargerthanthatofBItiseasiertomakeaplanthantocarryitout.11.要注意冠词的使用，后有名词的时候，前面才有可能有名词。比较：Whichislarger,CanadaorAustralia?Whichisthelargercountry,CanadaorAustralia?Sheistallerthanhertwosisters.Sheisthetallerofthetwosisters.