江苏省南京市2018年中考英语语法复习形容词、副词 7页

中考语法形容词/副词一.形容词1.定义：形容词是用来修饰名词和代词，表示人和或事物的性质、特征、状态或属性的词。2.用法①adj.+n.形容词修饰名词。如：aniceday②系动词+adj.形容词作表语有：一be,二保持keep,stay三变become,turnget,五个感官look,smell,feel,sound,taste,等。③keep/make+宾语+adj.作宾语补足语以及作宾补的介词短语：with+宾语+adj.3.与形容词的相关考点：不定代词的用法something,somebody,someone通常用于肯定句;anything,anyone,anybody通常用于否定句﹑一般疑问句或条件状语从句中。在肯定句中anything表示任何事物，常与everything放在一起做辨析。①不定代词+adj.作后置定语修饰不定代词例如Thereisnothingwrongwithmycomputer.②不定代词+todo不定式todo不定式作后置定语修饰不定代词。二、副词：副词时用来修饰动词和形容词的程度。1.形容词变副词的规律①一般情况下直接加“ly”②中考中以e结尾的形容词，要去掉e再加-ly的，只有一个true-truly绝大多数辅音字母加e结尾的形容词直接加-ly。如：③以“y”结尾的，且读音为/i/，先将“y”改成“i”，再加“ly”但是如果读音为/ai/，直接加ly，如：dry-drylyshy---shyly④以辅音字母加le结尾时，去e加y2.频度副词 频度副词never,seldom,sometimes,often,usually,always从不，很少，有时，经常，通常，总是。这些词都是表示频率的词，一般在句中作状语。它们所对应的百分比见下表：三、难点：1.有些形容词和副词形式一样，但是用法却完全不同。比如hard（难的）和hard（努力地）2.副词具有两种形式的，一种表示抽象概念，另外一种表示具体概念。如wide和widely3.有些以ly结尾的单词并不是副词，而是形容词，如friendly。这种形容词同时是名词+ly的形式。4.有些形容词的ly形式并不是其副词形式。比如hard和hardly近三年模拟题形容词总结2016年一模题组【2016年溧水一模】curiousinterestedinanythingnew【2016年高淳一模】earlyavoidtheheavytraffictomorrowmorning【2016年建邺一模】completelyforgotMr.John’sprojectbeveryangry【2016年联合体一模】modestnevershowsoff.【2016年联合体一模】seldomHeoftengoesonbusinessinCanada【2016年江宁一模】interested/interesting/bored/boringwanttoreadthemagain【2016年六合一模】friendlyhasasmileonherface【2016年秦淮一模】impossiblewetryourbesttomakeit 2017年一模题组【2017年溧水一模】speakslowlyreadyourmouthmoreeasilyandunderstandbetter【2017年建邺一模】happensuddenlyknowsomewaystoprotectyourselves【2017年联合体一模】hardlyunderstandEnglishfilmsdoeswellinherwrittenEnglish【2017年江宁一模】hadexactlyoneminutetocompletethespecialtasknomoreandnoless【2017年江宁一模】confidentenoughtotakeonanychallenge【2017年秦淮一模】simplylieonthebeachenjoyallthewatersports【2017年玄武一模】clappedhandsexcitedlysawtheirfavouritepopstarscomein2018年一模题组【2018年建邺一模】havemoremeaningfulthingstodoawasteoftimetoplayphonegames【2018年联合体一模】makeyourselfvaluabledoesn’twanttoloseyou【2018年玄武一模】CommunitysafetyisspeciallyintroducedVeryuseful【2018年鼓楼一模】walkalittlemoreslowlythoughtyoucouldfollowme四、真题考点归纳1.题干中出现了HaveyoufoundittoreadtheseEnglishstories主谓宾宾补结构2.并列句的连词：and，but，or。题干中常常涉及到句子之间的转折、并列和选择关系，因此需要在这些方面下功夫 1.涉及到的句型有too...to,enough...to,it’sadj+todosthFindit+adj,makeit+adj,4.考察的单词中，有易混淆的interested/interesting,widely/wide,closely/close,hardly/hard,有些加强语气的，completely，exactly，simply，还有些积极的meaningful，valuable，polite，modest，curious，friendly，confident词组积累：inChina’sscientificandtechnologicaldevelopment2016年一模真题组【2016溧水一模】1.—WhatdoyouthinkofJane?—She’sagirlandalwaysinterestedinanythingnew.A.curiousB.modestC.energeticD.organized考点：形容词辨析A【2016高淳一模】2.Wewillhavetoleave_______toavoidtheheavytraffictomorrowmorning.A.earlyB.quietlyC.slowlyD.politely考点：副词A【2016建邺一模】3.—Jack,youlookworried.Whathappened?—I_____forgotMr.John’sprojectandI’mafraidhe’llbeveryangry.A.successfullyB.completelyC.smoothlyD.peacefully考点：副词B【2016联合体一模】4.—Milliedoeswellinherlessons.Butshenevershowsoff.—Ican’tagreemore.Sheisquite.A.modestB.modernC.gentleD.polite考点：形容词辨析A 【2016联合体一模】5.—HaveyoueverseenTomrecently?—.HeoftengoesonbusinessinCanada.A.SeldomB.UsuallyC.AlwaysD.Often考点：频率副词A【2016江宁一模】6.—HaveyoufoundittoreadtheseEnglishstories?—Yes,IwanttoreadthemagainifIhavetime.A.interestedB.interestingC.boredD.Boring考点：形容词辨析B【2016六合一模】7.—WhatdoyouthinkofyourEnglishteacher,Tim?—Iloveher.Sheisreally.Shealwayshasasmileonherface.A.humorousB.funnyC.friendlyD.serious考点：形容词词义辨析C【2016秦淮一模】8.OnMarch29th,theChinesefootballteammanagedtowinanimportantmatch.Theirsuccessshowsnothingis________ifwetryourbesttomakeit.A.impossibleB.helplessC.possibleD.helpful考点：形容词词义辨析A2017年一模真题组【2017年玄武一模】1.Thefansinthehallclappedhands________whentheysawtheirfavouritepopstarscomein.A.excitedB.excitedlyC.excitingD.excitingly答案B形容词副词 【2017年建邺一模】2.Earthquakesalwayshappen______soyoushouldknowsomewaystoprotectyourselvesoncetheycome.A.silentlyB.hopefullyC.suddenlyD.carelessly答案C副词辨析【2017年江宁一模】3.—Johnissoexcited.Didhewinthecompetition?—Yes.Hehad_________oneminutetocompletethespecialtask,nomoreandnoless.A.especiallyB.probablyC.exactlyD.hardly答案C副词辨析【2017年江宁一模】4.Youmaymeetmanydifficultiesinthefuture.Youshouldlearntobe_________enoughtotakeonanychallenge.A.confidentB.modestC.generousD.curious答案A形容词辨析【2017年联合体一模】5.LindaalwaysdoeswellinherwrittenEnglish,butshecan_____understandEnglishfilms.A.usuallyB.hardlyC.easilyD.already答案B副词辨析【2017年秦淮一模】6.InSanya,youcanenjoyallthewatersports,or______lieonthebeach.A.simplyB.hardlyC.nearlyD.especially【答案】A【解析】句意理解和单词识记。在三亚，你可以享受所有水上运动，或者仅仅是简单地躺在沙滩上。A.simply简单地；B.hardly频率副词，几乎不；C.nearly接近D.especially尤其。【2017年溧水一模】7.Pleasespeak__________tothosechildrenwithhearingproblemssothattheycanreadyourmouthmoreeasilyandunderstandbetter.A.happilyB.politelyC.quietlyD.slowly 答案D副词辨析2018年一模真题组【2018年鼓楼一模】1.—Dad,wouldyoupleasewalkalittlemore__?—Sorry.Ithoughtyoucouldfollowme.A.closelyB.quicklyC.quietlyD.slowly答案D副词【2018年建邺一模】2.—Itisreallyawasteoftimetoplayphonegames.—Exactly!Asateenager,wehavemorethingstodo.A.carefulB.successfulC.meaningfulD.peaceful答案C【2018年联合体一模】3.—Mom,I’vejustgotanewjobinabigcompany.—Congratulations!Trytomakeyourself_______sothatthecompanydoesn’twanttoloseyou.A.valuableB.comfortableC.fashionableD.strong答案A【2018年玄武一模】4.—Howdoyoulikethebook?—Veryuseful.Communitysafetyis_______introducedinit.A.probablyB.hardlyC.usuallyD.specially答案D