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高考动词时态解题指导一.根据时间状语,副词直接判断1.ThelasttimeI_____Janeshe______cottoninthefields.(NMET92)Ahadseen;waspickingBsaw;pickedChadseen;pickedDsaw;waspicking分析:选D。根据thelasttime(这里也作从属连词)分析,从句谓语动词应用一般过去时saw,主句谓语表示当时正在进行的动作“正在摘棉花”,所以用过去进行时。2.WhenJackarrived,helearnedMary_______foralmostanhour.(NMET92)AhadgoneBhadsetoffChadleftDhadbeenaway分析:选D。go,setoff,leave为非延续性动词,不能与for,since引导的时间状语连用,另外空格所需动词动作发生在learned之前,故应用过去完成时。3.Thevolleyballmatchwillbeputoffifit_____.(NMET91)AwillrainBrainsCrainedDisraining分析:选B。if引导的条件状语从句常用一般现在时表示将来的时间,主句用一般将来时或“情态动词+动词原形”的谓语形式。4.Mary_____adresswhenshecutherfinger.(NMET91)AmakeBismakingCwasmakingDmakes分析:选C。主句用过去进行时表示背景,when从句中的谓语动词用一般过去时表示意外之事。又如:Hewascrossingthestreetwhenhewashitbyacar.5.---CanIjoinyourclub,Dad?---Youcanwhenyou_____abitolder.(NMET94)AgetBwillgetCaregettingDwillhavegot分析:选A。when,before,after等词引导的时间状语从句常用一般现在时表将来,主句用一般将来时或can,may,must等情态动词+动词原形的谓语形式,这里youcan后省略了jointheclub。6.Ineedonemorestampbeforemycollection_______.(NMET94)AhascompletedBcompletedChasbeencompletedDiscompleted分析:选D。before引导的时间状语从句用一般现在时表将来,由于从句主语是物mycollection,所以要用一般现在时被动语态形式。7.Asshe_____thenewspaper,Granny_______asleep.(NMET95)Aread;wasfallingBwasreading;fellCwasreading;wasfallingDread;fell分析:选B。as引导的从句用过去进行时表示时间较长的“背景”,“奶奶正在看报时”,主句是时间较短的事情“睡着”,用一般过去时。8.---Howlong_____eachotherbeforethey_____married?----Foraboutayear.(NMET93)Ahavetheyknown;getBdidtheyknow;weregoingtogetCdotheyknow;aregoingtogetDhadtheyknown;got分析:选D。before引导的时间状语从句用一般现在时表示将来,因此不能选A。howlong一般用于完成时态,所以此题before引导的从句
用过去时,主句表示“过去的过去”,用过去完成时。1.---Doyouknowourtownatall?---No,thisisthefirsttimeI______here.(NMET92)AwasBhavebeenCcameDamcoming分析:选B。从句意“第一次到这里”分析,它不表示动作而应表示现在的状态,要用现在完成时havebeen。2.Idon’treallyworkhere;I_____untilthenewsecretaryarrives.(NMET94)AjusthelpoutBhavejusthelpedoutCamjusthelpingoutDwilljusthelpout分析:选C。副词just与延续性动词连用,用进行时表示“正在”做某事。此句意为“我不是真的在这里工作”,我只是“一段时间在这里帮忙”。一.从上下文获取“信息”,解语境时态题1.---Nancyisnotcomingtonight.---Butshe_____!(NMET98)ApromisesBpromisedCwillpromiseDhadpromised分析:选B。C项应该排除,因为上文Nancy表示“今晚不来”,不可能再“将答应”。D项过去完成时表示“过去的过去”,而上下文没有这个背景,所以不妥当。A项表示现在经常的行为动作,而对参加今晚活动只须答应一次。只有B项正确,用一般过去时表示震惊:“她曾答应过”,怎么反悔改变了?2.Shirley_____abookaboutChinalastyearbutIdon"tknowwhethershehasfinishedit.(NMET98)AhaswrittenBwroteChadwrittenDwaswriting分析:选D。不能因时间状语lastyear就选B,因为下文Idon’tknowwhethershehasfinishedit表明她不一定写完,只能说她去年“在写”一本关于中国的书。不同语境中的同一时间状语可能对应不同时态,本题lastyear是这样,下面句子中for5years也是这样:Mrs.SmithhaslivedinParisfor5years.(用于现在完成时)/Mrs.SmithhadlivedinParisfor5yearsbeforeshewenttoNewYork.(用于过去完成时)3.---WhoisJerryCooper?---_____?Isawyoushakinghandswithhimatthemeeting.(NMET97)ADon’tyoumeethimyetBHadn’tyoumethimyetCDidn’tyoumeethimyetDHaven’tyoumethimyet分析:选D。从下文“我看见你同他握手”,到现在为止见面这个行为应用现在完成时,采取否定问句时为了表示惊讶,怀疑;“怎么你还没有同他见面啊?”“我看见你在会上同他握手的。”4.---Hey,lookwhereyouaregoing!---Oh,I’mterriblysorry.______.(NMET99)AI’mnotnoticingBIwasn’tnoticingCIhaven’tnoticedDIdon’tnotice分析:选B。上文对方说“看你往那里走”,经过这一提醒,听话人才发现走错路了,原因时在这之前一直未留心。表示过去一段时间一直持续的动作,应用过去进行时。5.Theprice______,butIdoubtwhetheritwillremainso.(NMET99)AwentdownBwillgodownChasgonedownDwasgoingdown
分析:选C。从下文whetherit(theprice)willremainso“价格是否将保持这样”判断,价格,“已经降了下来”,应用现在完成时。1.Helen_____herkeysintheofficesoshehadtowaituntilherhusband______home.(NMET96)Ahasleft;comesBleft;hadcomeChadleft;cameDhadleft;wouldcome分析:选C。从下文soshehadtowait判断Helen把钥匙丢在办公室里是在这之前,即“过去的过去”,应用过去完成时,“等她丈夫回来”应是过去将来时,until引导的从句用一般过去时表过去。2.---CanIhelpyou,sir?---Yes,Iboughtthisradiohereyesterday,butit______.(NMET96)Adidn’tworkBwon’tworkCcan’tworkDdoesn’twork分析:选D。从上文CanIhelpyou?可知这是售货员与顾客之间的对话。顾客反映昨天买了一台收音机,但坏了,要求调换或退货,原因当然“现在”它不响了,所以A,B不合题意。C项不合常理,本身讲不通。3.Idon’tthinkJimsawme;he_____intospace.(NMET95)AjuststaredBwasjuststaringChasjuststaredDhadjuststared分析:选B。上文saw提供了一个过去的语境,副词just与延续性动词连用,用进行时表示“正在”做某事:他当时没有看见我,他“正在”凝视天空。4.---Alice,whydidn’tyoucomeyesterday?---I______,butIhadanunexpectedvisitor.(NMET97)AhadBwouldCwasgoingtoDdid分析:选C。对方问Alice“昨天”为什么不来,Alice说家里来了一个不速之客,“本来打算来”,应用过去将来时,“begoingto+动词原形”表示打算,准备做某事,符合题意。Wasgoingto后省略了yourhome(party…)之类的词语。5.---Isthisraincoatyours?---No,mine______therebehindthedoor.(NMET97)AishangingBhashungChangsDhung分析:选A。应话人用no一词已表明这件雨衣不是他的,他的雨衣“正挂在”门背后,故应用现在进行时。一.巩固练习:1.WhenIgottothecinema,thefilm_____fortenminutes.AhasbegunBhadbegunChadbeenonDwas2.Sheisgoingtobeanursewhenshe_____up.AisgoingtogrowBgrowsCgrowingDgrew3.–Comein,Peter,Iwanttoshowyousomething.--Oh,howniceofyou!I_____you____tobringmeagift.Aneverthink;aregoingBneverthought;weregoingCdidn’tthink;weregoingDhadn’tthought;weregoing4.WhenIwasatcollegeI_____threeforeignlanguages,butI______allexceptforafewwordsofeach.Aspoke;hadforgottenBspoke;haveforgotten
Chadspoken;hadforgottenDhadspoken;haveforgotten1.---Haveyoumovedintothenewhouse?---Notyet,therooms________.AarebeingpaintedBarepaintingCarepaintedDarebeingpainting2.–Wehaven’theardfromJaneforalongtime.--Whatdoyousuppose_______toher?AwashappeningBtohappenChashappenedDhavinghappened3.–Wecouldhavewalkedtothestation.Itwassonear.--Yes,ataxi_____atallnecessary.Awasn’tBhadn’tbeenCwouldn’tbeDwon’tbe4.Tom_____intothehousewhennoone________.Aslipped;waslookingBhadslipped;lookedCslipped;hadlookedDwasslipping;looked5.ThelasttimeI_____Janeshe_____cottoninthefields.Ahadseen;waspickingBsaw;pickedChadseen;pickedDsaw;waspicking6.ThepenI_______I______isonmydesk,rightundermynose.Athink;lostBthought;hadlostCthink;hadlostDthought;havelost7.–Howlong______eachotherbeforethey_____married?--Foraboutayear.Ahavetheyknown;getBdidtheyknow;weregoingtogetCdotheyknow;aregoingtogetDhadtheyknown;got8.Mydictionary_______.Ihavelookedforiteverywherebutstill_______it.Ahaslost;don’tfindBismissing;don’tfindChaslost;haven’tfoundDismissing;haven’tfound9.Helen_______herkeysintheofficesoshehadtowaituntilherhusband____home.Ahasleft;comesBleft;hadcomeChadleft;cameDhadleft;wouldcome10.IfirstmetLisathreeyearsago.She______ataradioshopatthetime.AhasworkedBwasworkingChasbeenworkingDhasworked11.---Alice,whydidn’tyoucomeyesterday?---I______,butIhadanunexpectedvisitor.AhadBwouldCwasgoingtoDdid一.答案1.C2.B3.B4.B5.A6.C7.A8.A9.D10.B11.D12.D13.D14.B15.C