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  • 2022-06-17 15:41:56 发布

人教版八年级下册英语语法解析知识重点总结

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don"tagree.=Idisagree.我不同意。Iagree.我同意。 Ithink.我认为。Idon’tthink.我不这样认为。Ihopeso.我希望如此。Ihopenot.我不希望这样。20.onapieceofpaper在一张纸上(注意paper纸/information信息/news新闻,消息/work工作/homework作业/housework家务等常考到的不可数名词)21.onvacation度假22.helpsbwithsth/helpsbdosth.帮助某人做某事23.manydifferentkindsofgoldfish许多不同种金鱼24.liveinanapartment住在公寓里;liveonthetwelfthfloor住在12楼25.liveatNO.332,ShanghaiStreet住在上海路332号26.asareporter作为一名记者27.looksmart显得精神/看起来聪明28.Areyoukidding?你在骗我吗?29.inthefuture在将来/在未来30.nomore=not…anymore=not…anymore不再(强调多次发生的动作不再发生)31.nolonger=not…anylonger不再(强调状态不再发生)32.besides除……之外还(包括在内)except=but(除……之外,不包括在内)33.beableto与can+do能;会(beableto用于各种时态,而can只能用于一般现在时态和一般过去时态中;haveto用于各种时态,而must只能用于一般现在时态)例如:①Ihavebeenableto/willbeabletospeaktwolanguages.(不可以用can)②hadtostayathome/willhaveto(不可以用must)34.bebigandcrowded大而且拥挤34.beincollege在上大学35.liveonaspacestation住在空间站36.dresscasually穿得很随意;casualclothing休闲服饰37.winthenextWorldCup赢得世界杯;winaward获奖winthefirstprize38.cometrue变成现实39.takehundredsofyears花几百年的时间40.befuntowatch看起来有趣41.overandoveragain一次又一次42.beindifferentshapes形状不同43.twentyyearsfromnow今后20年=intwentyyears二十年后本单元目标句型:1.Whatdoyouthinklifewillbelikein1000years?你认为一千年后的生活会怎样?2.Therewillbefewertrees、morebuildingsandlesspollutioninthefuture.在未来,将会有更少的树、更多的楼房和更少的污染。 fewer+可数名词复数;less+不可数名词(两者都表示否定之意)more+可数名词复数/不可数名词3.Willkidsgotoschool?孩子们将去上学吗?No,theywon"t./Yes,theywill.4.Predictingthefuturecanbedifficult.预测将来可能会很难。5.Ineedtolooksmartformyjobinterview.对于我的工作面试我需要时髦。6.Iwillbeabletodressmorecasually.我会穿的更休闲。7.IthinkI"llgotoHongKongonvacation,andonedayImightevenvisitAustralia.我想我将去香港度假,而且有一天我甚至可能去参观澳大利亚。8.Whatwillteenagersdoforfuntwentyyearsfromnow?二十年后,青少年们将做什么娱乐活动?本单元语法讲解:一般将来时:1.表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态。Will/shall将,会,要+do;begoingto+do打算计划准备安排be(is/am/are)+doing打算计划准备2.本时态标志词:①tomorrow明天;next+时间“下…”;②thedayaftertomorrow后天③in+段时间“在…后”;in5years五年后inthefuture在未来④thisafternoon今天下午thisyear⑤beforelong,soon不久,很快⑥howsoon多块,多久;⑦someday将来的某一天oneday⑧在时间when/if条件状语从句中,如果从句用一般现在时,主句用将来时;⑨比较begoingto与will+do:begoingto+do表示近期、眼下就要发生的事情,will+do表示的将来时间则较远一些。如:Heisgoingtowritealettertonight.今晚,他打算写封信。Hewillwriteabookoneday.他将在某一天写本书。2.begoingto表示根据主观判断将来肯定发生的事情,will表示客观上将来势必发生的事情。Heisseriouslyill.Heisgoingtodie.他病得很严重,他快要死了。Hewillbetwentyyearsold.他快二十岁了。3.begoingto+do含有“计划,准备,打算,决定”的意思,而will则没有这个意思,如:Sheisgoingtolendusherbook.她打算把她的书借给我们。Hewillbehereinhalfanhour.半小时后,他将在这儿。4.在有条件从句的主句中,一般不用begoingto,而多用will。如:Ifyouhaveanytrouble,I"llstaywithyouandhelpyou.如果你有任何的麻烦,我将和你在一起并且帮助你。掌握了它们的这些不同,你就能很好的区分begoingto与will了。 5.祈使句句型中:or/andsb.willdo例:Bequick,oryouwillbelate.赶快,否则你将迟到。=Ifyoudon"tbequick,youwillbelate.如果你不赶快,你将迟到。Unit2WhatshouldIdo?Talkaboutproblems谈论问题Giveadvice提出建议情态动词should/could+doWhydon’tyou=Whynot+do你为什么不为什么不1.tooloud太大声(too+形容词/副词)2.outofstyle过时的instyle流行的4.callsb.up=ringsb.up=call/ring/phonesb.给……打电话5.enoughmoney足够的钱(enough+名词)6.busyenough够忙(形容词/副词+enough)7.aticketto/foraballgame一张球赛的门票注意:thekeytothedoor门的钥匙/thekey(answer)tothequestion)问题的答案/thesolutiontotheproblem问题的解决办法.此处几个短语不能用of表示所有格8.talkaboutsth谈论某事talkto/withsb与某人谈话9.onthephone用电话交谈,在通话10.payfor付款,付买…的钱(人做主语)11.spend(spent)…on+sth.把..花在..上(人做主语)spend…(in)doingsth.花…做…12.Ittakes(took)sb.sometime(时间)todosth.做某事花某人……的时间cost花(多少钱)(物作主语)13.borrow…from从……借(借进来)14.lend…to把……借给(借出去)15.keep借多久(持续性动词)Youcankeepthebookforaweek你可以借这本书一周。(不用borrow或lend)16.buysth.forsb.为……买东西17.tellsb.(not)todosth.告诉某人(不要)做某事18.wantsb.todosth.=wouldlikesb.todo想某人做某事19.findout发现;查清楚;弄明白find找到,发现(强调找的结果)findsth/sb+形容词发现某人/某物怎么样findit+形容词+todosth发现做某事怎么样20.play/watchthevedio放/看录象21.failthetest=notpassthetest考试不及格22.failin(doing)sth…在……上失败,变弱23.succeedin(doing)sth.在…方面成功24.writesbaletter/writetosb.给某人写信 25.surprisesb.使某人吃惊(类似有:surprise/interest/please/amaze+某人)26.toone"ssurprise使某人吃惊的是27.toone"sjoy使某人高兴的是……28.lookforapart-timejob找一份兼职的工作(不一定有结果)29.get/findapart-timejob找到一份兼职的工作(有结果)30.asksb.for…寻求/向某人要某物asktheteacherforhelp向老师寻求帮助31.haveabakesale卖烧烤32.arguewithsb=haveanargumentwithsb.与某人争吵33.haveafightwithsb.=fightwithsb与某人打架34.thesameas与…相同Mycousinisthesameageasme.我表妹和我同岁。35.invitesbtodosth邀请某人做某事36.after-schoolclubs(activities)课外俱乐部(活动)be/getusedtodoing习惯做某事usedtodo过去经常/常常做某事beusedfordoing=beusedtodosth.被用于做某事37.giveadvice给出建议38.returnsth.tosb.=givesth.backtosb.把某物归还给某人39.geton/alongwellwithsb与…相处很好40.allkindsof各种各样的41.asmuchaspossible=asmuchasyoucan尽可能多42.takepartin=joinin参加(某种活动/集会)43.abit=alittle一点儿+形容词比较级44.abitof=alittle一点儿/一些+不可数名词45.beangrywithsb生某人的气46.byoneself=onone"sown某人自己/独自地47.ontheonehand一方面48.ontheotherhand另一方面49.Ifind/feel/thinkitdifficulttodo…我发现/感到/认为做某事很难。Ithinkthatthesechildrenmayfinditdifficulttothinkforthemselveswhentheyareolder.我认为,当这些孩子们长大时为自己考虑事情会觉得难.50.see/hear/watchsb.doing/dosth.看到/听见/注视某人正在做/做……51.not…until直到……才(谓语动词一般是非延续动词)52.表示某人情绪有关的形容词用法:be/become+upset/tired/excited/interested/worried/surprised/amazed/annoyed说明:当主语是某人时,注意后面的形容词一般是-ed结尾的单词, 而当主语是某物时或修饰名词时,注意后面形容词一般是-ing结尾单词.)例如:Iwassurprised/interested/amazedwhenIheardthesurprising/interesting/amazingnews.当我听到令人惊奇的消息时,我很惊奇。53.radioadviceprogram电台提建议的节目54.beoriginal新颖的55.leave+sth+地点把某物忘在某处forgetsth忘记某物(找不到了)56.sportsclothes运动服57.thesameageas=asoldas和……年龄一样58.thetiredchildren疲惫不堪的孩子59.complainabout(doingsth.)抱怨……带着孩子参加一个接一个的活动60.taketheirchildrenfromactivitytoactivity61.trytodosth.尽量干某事;trydoingsth.试着干某事62.beundertoomuchpressure处于太大的压力下63.amotherofthree一位三个孩子的妈妈64.takepartinafter-schoolclubs参加课后俱乐部65.Compepitionstartsfromaveryyoungage.竞争从很小年纪就开始了66.compare…with和……比较complainabout抱怨67.organizedactivities有组织的活动本单元目标句型:1.What"swrong(withyou)?=What"sthematter/trouble/problem?怎么了?2.WhatshouldIdo?我该怎么办?3.Youcouldwritehimaletter.你可以给他写封信。Youshouldsaysorrytohim.你应该给他道歉。4.Theyshouldn"targue.他们不应该争吵。5.Whydon"tyoutalktohimaboutit?=Whynottalktohimaboutit?=Youshould/couldtalktohimaboutit.=What/Howabouttalkingtohimaboutit.=You"dbetter(你最好)talktohimaboutit.你为什么不和他谈论这件事呢?6.Theparentstrytofitasmuchaspossibleintotheirkidslives.父母亲们想尽力丰富孩子们的生活。7.Peopleshouldn"tpushtheirchildrensohard.人们不应该把孩子们逼得这么厉害。Idon’tknowwhattodo.我不知道该做什么?疑问词+todoUnit3WhatwereyoudoingwhentheUFOarrived?1.infrontof在……的前面(外部),inthefrontof在……的前面(内部)2.inthelibrary在图书馆3.getoutof/getinto出……之外/进入4.sleeplate睡懒觉;sleepwell睡得好;gettosleep=fallasleep睡着5.walkdown/along沿……走6.takeoff(飞机)起飞;脱下(衣帽)7.onSundayevening 在星期日晚上注意:(特指某日如星期、假日、某月某日或某个特定的上、下午、晚上用on)8.inthetree在树上;onthetree在树上9.takephotos照相10.atthetrainstation在火车站11.runaway跑开,逃跑12.as+adj.原形as和……一样……例如:Sheis(not)asbeautifulashersister.Icanrunasfastashe(him)13.buy/draw/makesth.forsb.为某人买/画/制作14.walkhome走回家15.inhistory在历史上16.forexample例如17.inthecityof在……市18.ontheplayground在操场上19.tenminutesago十分钟前20.takeplace发生(强调必然性)21.happentosth./sb.发生(强调偶然性)例如:Whathashappenedtoyou?=What"sthematterwithyou?=What"swrongwithyou?22.ofcourse=sure=certainly当然23.allovertheworld=aroundtheworld遍及全世界24.outside/insidethestation在车站外/内25.nextto相邻,紧贴26.closeto接近于;在附近27.beillinhospital/bed生病住院/卧床28.hearabout/of听说(间接听到)29.insilence沉默不语;keepsilent保持沉默30.anunusualexperience一次不寻常的经历31.havefundoingsth.干某事有乐趣;havedifficulttimedoingsth.干某事有困难32.havemeaningto对……有意义33.becomethefirstChineseastronautinspace成为中国第一个太空宇航员34.anationalhero一个民族英雄35.befamousallovertheworld全世界出名36.forthefirsttime第一次本单元目标句型:WhatwereyoudoingwhenIarrived/atthattime/at8:00lastnight/from9:00to10:00yesterday?1.Iwasdoingsth.when+一般过去时的时间状语从句……2.Howabout…=Whatabout…?3.Whilesth./sb.wasdoingsth.,Iwasdoingsth.….4.当不明飞行物着陆时,你正在干啥?WhatwereyoudoingwhentheUFOlanded?5.当妈妈正在做饭时,我在看电视。Whilemymotherwascooking,IwaswatchingTV.6.IwaswalkingdownthestreetwhenaUFOlandedrightinfrontofme.7.Youcanimagehowstrangeitwas.8.Ifollowedtoseewhereitwasgoing.9.Isn"tthatamazing!10.Shedidn"tthinkingaboutlookingoutsidethestation.11.Iwassotiredthismorning.Itwasdifficult12.LiuXiangwonthegoldmedalatthe2004Olympics.13.Beijngwasmadehosttothe2008Olympics.14.Peopleoftenrememberwhattheyweredoingwhentheyheardthenewsofimportanteventsinhistory.15.ThiswasoneofthemostimportanteventsinmodernAmericanhistory.16.Eventhemosteverydayactivitiescanseem17.Ourteacheraskedustostopwhatwewereimportant.doingandlisten.togetoutofthebed.18.However,inmorerecenttimes,mostAmericansrememberwhattheyweredoingwhentheWorldTradeCenterinNewYorkwasdestroyedbyterrorists.this,ofcourse.hours.19.Notalleventsinhistoryareasterribleas20.HisflightaroundtheEarthlastedabout22本单元语法讲解过去进行时(PastProgressiveTense)句型S+was/were+V-ing…例1:Shewasdoingherhomeworkat8:30yesterdayevening昨天傍晚八点半她正在做家庭作业。例2:Wewerehavingsupperatthattime那个时候我们正在吃晚饭解说:如例1所示,在单句中使用过去进行时来表达时必须把该动作正在进行中的时间表明清楚,否则就不合逻辑了。例如:Iwastakingabathyesterday.(错)(昨天我正在洗澡——昨天24小时都正在洗澡吗?)所以本句应该如例1来表达,或者用一般过去时表达如下:Itookabathyesterday.昨天我洗了澡如果由上下文的文意,或者对谈中的话意可以了解“动作正在进行中的时间”,单句里就使用过去进行时来表达是很普通的,例如:A:Icalledyouupyesterdayevening.B:Didyou?Atwhattime? A:Ataroundteno"clock.大约在十点钟。B:Oh,Iwastakingabaththen.哦,当时我正在洗澡。过去进行时在表达上常用的句式是如例2所示和另一个一般过去时的动作相搭配。请观察下面的图解说明:过去有二动作A和B(如图示),在B动作发生时稍早发生的A动作正好在进行中,所以这种表达法通常都是复句(主句+副词从句)。例如:WhenIgotupthismorning,Motherwaspreparingbreakfastinthekitchen.(今天早上我起床时妈妈正在厨房里准备早餐。“Mother….”是主句,“when…,”是副词从句。)常用于修饰过去进行时的时间副词:过去的某一定点时刻(at+过去的时刻),then(=atthattime)(那时,当时),all+时间,“When…/While…/As…”等副词从句,etcUnit4HesaidIwashard-working.1.everySaturday每周六2.firstofall首先3.both…and…两者都(谓语动词要注意对称原则)4.neither….nor两者都不(谓语动词要注意就近和对称原则)5.mostof…绝大多数6.anexcitingweek令人兴奋的一周7.agreeonsomething同意某人的计划;对……取得一致意见8.agreetodosth.答应/同意做……9.passon(to)传递10.besupposedtodosth.被期望或被要求做……11.bemadat…对……疯狂/生气12.dobetterin=bebetterat在……方面做得更好13.beingoodhealth身体健康14.reportcard成绩单15.sound/feel/smell/taste/look是连系动词,一般只能跟adj.做表语16.soundlike/feellike/smelllike/tastelike/looklike听起来像……/感觉像……/闻起来像……/尝起来像……/看起来像……+sb.sth.17.get…over克服;恢复;原谅18.openup打开/展开/开发/揭露19.carefor照料;照顾;意愿;计较20.havea(surprise)partyforsb.为某人举行一次(惊喜)聚会21.end-of-yearexam=finalexam期末考试22.not…anymore不再23.doahomeproject做作业24.besurprised/happy/excitedtodosth.做某事感到惊讶、高兴、激动25.be/getnervous感到紧张26.haveaveryhardtimewith…在……日子不好过27.andisappointingresult令人失望的结果28.take/leaveamessage捎(留)个口信29.haveabigfight30.itisagoodideaforsb.todosth.31.toteachinChina"sruralareas32.feellucky33.peoplewhoneedhelp需要帮助的人34.somethingwecandoforthem我们能为他们做的事35.thereisnodifferencebetween…and…在……和……之间没有区别36.GroupsandtheworktheydoGroupsTheworktheydoGreenpeaceCaresfor“MotherEarth”DoctorsWithoutBordersHelpssickpeopleinpoorcountriesUNICEFHelpschildreninpoorcountriesWWFCaresforwildanimalsindanger37.theHopeProject希望工程38.fortunately本单元目标句型:转述他人话语:Whatdidsb.say?HesaidI….Shesaidshe….Theysaid….1.许老师告诉我徐梦蝶会说二种语言。Mr.XutoldmethatXuMengdiecouldspeakthreelanguages.2.许老师说地球绕着太阳转。Mr.Xusaid(that)theearthturnsaroundthesun.3.许老师告诉我他将去北京。ShetoldmehewouldgotoBeijingthenextday.4.许老师说欧洋正在做作业Mr.XusaidOuYangwasdoinghishomeworkatthattime.5.许老师说王硕研勤奋。Mr.XusaidWangShuoyanwashard-working.6.在英语上,与听相比,我更擅长于读。English,I"mbetteratreadingthanlistening.In7.情况怎样?How"sitgoing?8.她不想再当我最好的朋友了。Shedidn"twanttobemybestfriendanymore.9.Isaiditwouldstartabadhabit,andthatshewoulddoherownwork.Dadsendtheirlove.10.That"saboutallthenewsIhavenow.Mumand11.Shesaidhelpingotherschangedherlife.12.TeachinghighschoolstudentsinapoormountainvillageinGansuProvincemay notlikefuntoyou.13.ThePekingUniversitygraduatefirstwentthereasanvolunteeronaone-yearprogram.14.LifeinthemountainswasanewexperienceforLangLei.Hervillagewas2,000metereabovethesealevel,andatfirstthethinairmadeherfeelsick.15.Youngpeopletodayneedtoexperiencedifferentthings16.Someofthestudentsmaynotbeabletogotoseniorhighschoolorcollage.17.Icanopenupmystudents"eyestotheoutsideworldandgivethemagoodstartinlife.18.Shesaidshelikesbeingagoodinfluenceinthechildren"slives.19.ShenowworksasamathteacheratahighschoolinthecityofPingliang,GansuProvince.20.YouareatB"shouseworkingonahomeworkproject.21.Youweresupposedtomeetatthebusstopthismorningtoreturnit,butAdidn"tcometothebusstop.22.AcallsyouwithamessageforC.Passonmessage,andthengiveC"sanswertoA.23.Whataresomethingsthathappenonsoapoperas?本单元语法讲解直接引语和间接引语(一)直接引述别人的原话,叫做直接引语;用自己话转述别人的话,叫做间接引语。间接引语一般构成宾语从句。直接引语必须放在引号内,间接引语则不用引号。直接引语改为间接引语时,除将引语部分变成宾语从句外,还必须对直接引语中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等进行改变。1.时态的变化:直接引语变为间接引语时,通常受转述动词said,asked等的影响而使用过去化的时态,即把原来的时态向过去推,也就是一般现在时变。一般过去时,现在进行时变为过去进行时等。例如:Tomsaidtome,“Mybrotherisdoinghishomework.”→Tomsaidtomethathisbrotherwasdoinghishomework.2.人称代词、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等等的变化;根据意义进行相应的变化。如:SheaskedJack,“Wherehaveyoubeen?”→SheaskedJackwherehehadbeen.Hesaid,“Thesebooksaremine.”→Hesaidthatthosebookswerehis.(二)直接引语改为间接引语时,都使用陈述语序,但是因为原句的句式不同,所以变成间接引语时所用的连词会有所不同。1.陈述句的间接引语:陈述句由直接引语变间接引语,由that引导,可以省略。“Iwanttheblueone.”hetoldus.“我想要兰色的。”他说。→Hetoldusthathewantedtheblueone.他说他想要兰色的。Shesaidtome,“Youcan"tdoanythingnow.”她对我说:“此刻你无法做任何事情。”→ShetoldmethatIcouldn"tdoanythingthen.她对我说那时我无法做任何事。2.疑问句的间接引语直接引语如果是疑问句,变成间接引语后,叫做间接疑问句。间接疑问句为陈述语序,句末用句号,动词时态等的变化与间接陈述句相同。引述动词常用ask,wonder,wanttoknow等间接疑问句一般有三种:(1)一般疑问句由直接引语变为间接引语时,由whether或if引导。如:“HasheeverworkedinShanghai?”Jimasked.“他在上海工作过吗?”吉姆问。→Jimaskedwhether/ifhehadeverworkedinShanghai.吉姆问他是否在上海工作过。“Canyoutellmethewaytothehospital?”Theoldmanasked.那个老人问:"你能告诉我去医院的路吗?→TheoldmanaskedwhetherIcouldtellhimthewaytothehospital.那老人问我是否能告诉他去医院路。(2)特殊疑问句由直接引语变为间接引语时,仍由原来的疑问词引导。如:“Whichroomdoyoulivein?”Heasked.“你住哪个房间?”他问我。→HeaskedmewhichroomIlivedin.他问我住哪个房间。“Whatdoyouthinkofthefilm?”Sheasked.她问:“你怎么看这部电影?”→Sheaskedherfriendwhatshethoughtofthefilm.她问她朋友怎么看这部电影。(3)选择疑问句由直接引语变为间接引语时,由whether/if…or引导。如:“IsityourbikeorTom"s?”Mumasked.妈妈问:“这是你的自行车还是汤姆的?” →Mumaskedwhether/ifitwasmybikeorTom"s.妈妈问这是我的自行车还是汤姆的。“Doesyoursisterlikebluedressesorgreenones?”Kateasked.“你妹妹喜欢兰色的裙子还是绿色的?”凯特问。→Kateaskedwhether/ifmysisterlikedbluedressesorgreenones.凯特问我妹妹喜欢兰色裙子还是绿色的。3.祈使句的间接引语当祈使句变为间接引语时,间接祈使句的引述动词常用tell,ask,order,beg,request,order等,而把直接祈使句变成带to的不定式短语。如:Jacksaid,“Pleasecometomyhousetomorrow,Mary.”杰克说:“玛丽,明天请到我家来。”→JackaskedMarytogotohishousethenextday.杰克请玛丽第二天到他家去。Theteachersaidtothestudents,“Stoptalking.”老师对学生们说:“不要讲话了。”→Theteachertoldthestudentstostoptalking.老师让学生们不要说话了。“Don"ttouchanything.”Hesaid.“不要碰任何东西。”他说。→Hetoldusnottotouchanything.他对我们说不要碰任何东西。4.动词时态和代词等的变动(1)某些代词,限定词,表示时间或地点的副词和个别动词在间接引语中的变化规则:直接引语间接引语today—thatdaynow—then,atthatmomentyesterday—thedaybeforethedaybeforeyesterday—twodaysbeforetomorrow—thenextday/thefollowingdaythedayaftertomorrow—twodaysafter,/intwodaysnextweek/monthetc.—thenextweek/monthetclastweek/monthetc.—theweek/monthetc.beforehere—therethis—thatthese—thosecome—gobring—take(2)如果引述动词为现在时形式,则间接引语中的动词时态,代词,限定词和表示时间或地点的副词不用变化。而如果引述动词是过去时,以上内容就要有相应变化。变化情况如下:现在时间推移到过去的时间(注意:如果直接引语是表示客观规律的,那么时态仍然用一般现在时。一般现在时现在进行时一般将来时现在完成时→一般过去时→过去进行时→过去将来时→过去完成时Unit5Ifyougototheparty,you"llhaveagreattime!1.attheparty在晚会上2.asksb.todosth.请某人做某事3.stayathome呆在家4.halftheclass/students一半学生5.getinjured受伤6.haveagreattime=haveawonderful/goodtime玩得高兴7.take…away运走,取走;putaway收起来,放好8.allthetime=always一直,始终9.makealiving(bydoingsth.)谋生10.inordertodosth.…为了做某事11.haveaparty举行聚会12.gotocollege上大学13.befamousfor…因……而著称;befamousas…作为……而出名14.makemoney=earnmoney挣钱15.infact事实上16.laughat…嘲笑17.toomuch太多(修饰不可数名词)toomany太多(修饰可数名词复数)muchtoo+形容词/副词太……18.getexercise锻炼。注意:exercise当“锻炼”是不可数名词;而当“操”“练习”是可数名词19.travelaroundtheworld周游世界20.workhard努力工作21.wearjeans穿牛仔裤22.let…in允许……进入,嵌入keep…out不允许……进入23.getaneducation获得教育24.take…away拿开,拿走25.studyforthetest准备考试26.makesomefood准备食物;makedumplings做水饺;makethebed整理床铺27.halftheclass一半的学生28.therulesforschoolparties学校派对的规则29.children"shospital儿童医院30.jointheLions加入狮队31.givemoneytoschoolsandcharities给学校和慈善组织捐钱32.becomeaprofessionalsoccerplayer成为一个职业的足球运动员33.organizethegamesfortheclassparty为班级派对准备游戏34.playsportsforaliving靠体育运动为生本单元目标句型:1.Ifyoudo,you"ll….2.I"mgoingto….Youshould….3.4.Don"tyouwantto…?5.Don"tyouthink…?①如果李老师去参加晚会,我们将会玩得非常高兴。IfMsLigoestotheparty,we"llhavea greattime.②如果你穿牛仔裤去晚会,李老师将不会让你进入。Ifyouwearjeanstotheparty,MsLiwon"tletyouin.6.Formanyyoungpeople,becomingaprofessionalathletemightseemlikeadreamjob.7.Ifyoubecomeaprofessionalathlete,youwillbeabletomakealivingdoingsomethingyoulove.8.However,professionalathletescanalsohavemanyproblems.9.Ifyouarefamous,peoplewillwatchyouallthetimeandfollowyoueverywhere.Thiscanmakelifedifficult.10.Ifyoubecomerich,youwillhaveadifficulttimeknowingwhoyourrealfriendsare.11.Infact,manyfamouspeoplecomplainthattheyarenothappy.本单元语法讲解if引导的条件状语从句。If是连词,所连接的句子叫条件状语从句,表示假设或条件,意思是“如果……的话”,用法如下:1.表示假设,表示将会发生和可能发生的事,或进行提醒警告。句子结构如下:If+句子(一般现在时),+主句(主语will/may/can)+动词)a.Ifyoufinishyourhomework,youcangooutandplay.b.IfIhaveenoughmoneynextyear,Iwillgototravel.2.表示真实条件、客观真理、自然现象、定理定义、民间谚语等,句型是:If+句子(一般现在时),+主句(一般现在时).例:Ifyoustudyhard,youaresuretosucceed.Ifyouputiceinawarmplace,itturnsintowater.Ifaglassfallsonthefloor,itusuallybreaks.Ifyoucookabanana,itbecomesverysoft.Ifaplantdon"tgetenoughlight,itgrowsverytallandthin.Unit6Howlonghaveyoubeencollectingshells?1.raisemoneyfor筹钱2.collectstamps集邮3.runoutof…用尽4.bytheway顺便说一下5.onthewayto…在……的路上6.beinterestedin对……感兴趣7.morethan=over超过8.flykites放风筝9.startclass开始上课10.startasnowglobecollector"sclub开办雪球仪收集者俱乐部11.themostcommon(unusual,interesting)hobby最普通的爱好12.listentomusicvideos听音乐碟片13.organizeatalentshowtoraisemoneyforcharity为慈善机构捐钱而举办的才艺展示14.extraEnglishlessons额外的英语课15.haveproblemswiththelanguage语言方面有问题16.thecapitalofHeilongjiangProvince黑龙江的省会17.aninterestingcitywithacolorfulhistory一个有着丰富多彩历史文化的有趣的城市18.threeandahalfyears=threeyearsandahalf三年半19.apairofskates/shoes/glasses/trousers/jeans一双滑冰鞋/一双鞋/一副眼镜/一条裤子/牛仔裤Howmuchisapairofskates/shoes/glasses/trousers/jeans?=Howmuchdoesa(this)pairofskates/shoes/glasses/trousers/jeanscost?Howmucharetheskates/shoes/glasses/trousers/jeans?=Howmuchdotheskates/shoes/glasses/trousers/jeanscost?本单元目标句型:1.Howlonghaveyoubeenskating?你滑冰有多长时间了?2.I"vebeenskatingsincenineo"clock/sinceIwasfouryearsold.我从九点一直滑到现在/我从四岁一直滑到现在。3.I"vebeenskatingforfivehours.我一直滑了五小时。4.ThemoreIlearnaboutChinesehistory,themoreIenjoylivinginChina.我对中国的历史了解得越多,我就越喜欢住在中国。5.Wasthisyourfirstskatingmarathon?No,Iskatedinamarathonlastyear.6.Whendidyougetyourfirstpairofskates?7.Alisonwasthefirstonetostartandhasbeenskatingforthewholefivehours.Alison是第一个开始并且已经滑了整整5个小时。8.I"mtalkingtoyoufromtheHilltopSchoolSkatingMarathon.9.Foreveryhourtheyskate,eachstudentraisestenyuanforcharity.每滑一个小时,每位学生可为慈善事业筹集10元钱。10.Thanksforsendingmethesnowglobeofthe monster.InfactIthinkit"sprobablymyfavorite.谢谢你送我的怪物雪球仪。事实上,我想它可能是我的最爱。11.MymomsaysIhavetostop,becausewe"verunoutofroomtostorethem.妈妈说我必须停止了,因为我们已经没有地方来存放他们了。12.ThefirstoneIevergotwasabirthdaycakesnowglobeonmytwelfthbirthday.我得到的第一个雪球仪是我十二岁生日得到的生日蛋糕雪球仪。13.Iparticularlyloveglobeswithanimals.Ifyouknowanyoneelsewhocollectsthem,pleasetellme.我特别喜欢动物雪球仪。如果你知道其他人收集他们的话,请告诉我们。14.Bytheway,what"syourhobby?15.I"minterestedinthejobasawriter.16.Theschoolnewspaperneedsawriter.Wewillgiveyoudifferenttopicstochoosefrom.Togetthejob,pleaseanswerthesefourquestions.校报需要一个撰稿人。我们会给你一些不同的话题来选择。要得到这份工作,请回答这样四个问题。17.HowmanyChinesedynastiescanyouthinkof?你能想起多少中国朝代?18.Canyouthinkoffamouscharactersfromthehistoryofothercountries?Makealist.从其他国家历史中,你能记起一些著名人物吗?列个表。19.Infact,thefirstJewsprobablycametoKaifengmorethanathousandyearsagoandwerewelcomedbytheSongEmperor.事实上,第一批犹太人可能在一千多年前就来到开封而且受到宋朝皇帝的欢迎。20.ThereissomeEuropeaninfluenceinthecity,andsomeoftheoldbuildingsinHarbinareinRussianstyle.这个城市有欧洲文化的影响,而且哈尔滨的一些老建筑还是俄罗斯风格的。21.Foraforeignerlikeme,themoreIlearnaboutChineseculture,themoreIenjoylivinginChina.对于一个像我一样的外国人来说,我对中国文化了解越多,我就越喜欢住在中国。22.AndalthoughIlivequitefarfromBeijing,I"mcertainIwillbeherefortheOlympicGamesin2008.尽管我住得离北京很远,但我相信2008年奥运会我一定在这儿。本单元语法讲解现在完成进行时:表示从过去某时开始到现在这一段时间里一直在延续的动作。现在完成进行式结构:have/has+been+doing1.Ihavebeenwritingthelettersincethen.从那时起我一直在写这封信。(动作从过去一直持续到现在还在继续)2.Ihavebeencollectingstampsfortenyears.自从10年前我就收集邮票了(动作从过去一直现在还在收集)。3.Howlonghaveyoubeenlivinghere?你在这儿已经住了多长时间了。(“居住”动作从过去一直现在还在继续)现在完成进行时和现在完成时的区别:1.现在完成进行时比现在完成时更强调动作的延续性;2.如果没有时间强调,现在完成进行时表示动作仍在进行,现在完成时则表示动作已经结束,3.现在完成进行时一般不适用于表状态的动词,而现在完成时则可。Unit7Wouldyoumindturningdownthemusic?1.turn…down/turn…up关小声/调大声音(电器)2.turn…on/turn…off打开/关闭(电器)3.movethebike移动自行车4.inaminute/rightaway/innotime立刻;马上5.belateforschool/class=arrivelateforschool上学/上课迟到6.waitinline=standinline排队等候7.cutinline=jumpaqueue插队8.getmad/annoyed变得生气9.happentosb.发生在……身上10.halfanhour半小时11.atfirst首先12.atlast=intheend=finally最后13.allowsb.todo/nottodosth.允许某人做/不做某事14.beallowedtodo/nottodosth.某人不被允许某人做/不做某事15.inpublic当众地;公开地;公然地16.inpublicplaces在公共场所17.breaktherule不遵守规则18.pick…up捡起19.put…out熄灭20.droplitter扔垃圾21.keepthevoicedown控制声音22.dothedishes23.putonanotherpairofjeans24.beatameeting25.helpmeinthekitchen26.makesomeposters27.clothingstore28. follow…around29.wanttobepolite30.standinthesubwaydoor31.cutinline32.standcloseto…33.havedifferentideasabout34.feeluncomfortable35.inallsituations36.inpublicplaces本单元目标句型:1.Wouldyoumindcleaningtheyard?你介意打扫院子吗?2.Notatall.I"lldoitrightaway.一点也不。我马上就扫。3.Wouldyoumindnotplayingbaseballhere.你介意不要在这打棒球吗?4.Wouldyoumindgivingmeasmallerone?5.Sorry,we"llgoandplayinthepark.对不起,我们到公园去打。6.Couldyou(please)makedinner?请做晚饭好吗?7.That"snoproblem.没问题。8.Couldyou(please)notfeedthedog?=Wouldyoumindnotfeedingthedog?=Wouldyou(please)notfeedthedog?=Pleasedon"tfeedthedog,willyou?请不要喂狗好吗?9.Ifyoufinishthesetasks,wecangotoamovietonight.10.Yourbarbergaveyouaterriblehaircut.11.Thestoreclerkgaveyouthewrongsize.12.Thewaitressbroughtyouthewrongfood.13.Thepenyouboughtdidn"twork.14.YouorderedahamburgerwithFrenchfriesbutonlygotahamburger.15.Weaskedsomepeoplewhatannoyedthem.Here"swhattheysaid.16.Idon"tlikewaitinginlinewhenashopassistanthasalongtelephoneconversation.17.Thishappenstomeallthetimeintheschoollibrary.18.PerhapsinthefutureIshouldtrynottobesopolite.19.Thewaypeoplebehaveisdifferentindifferentculturesandsituations.20.Sometimes,rulesofetiquettearethesamealmosteverywhere.21.Wemightwanttoasksomeonetobehavemorepolitelyifweseethembreakingaruleofetiquette.22.Etiquettemeansnormalandpolitesocialbehavior.23.Thismayseemlikeadifficultwordatfirst,butitcanbeveryusefultounderstand.24.Infact,weshouldalsotakecarenottocoughorsneezeloudlyinpublicifpossible.25.Peopledon"tusuallyliketobecriticized,sowehavetobecarefulhowwedothis.26.看到有人抽烟你可以说:Couldyoupleaseputoutthatcigarette?27.看到有人乱丢垃圾你可以说:Wouldyoumindpickingitup?28.看到有人插队你可以说:Sorry,wouldyoumindjoiningtheline?常见动名词、分词的习惯用法总结使用-ing分词的几种情况1.在进行时态中。如:①HeiswatchingTVintheroom.②Theyweredancingatnineo"clocklastnight.2.在therebe结构中。如:Thereisaboyswimmingintheriver.3.在havefun/problems结构中。如:WehavefunlearningEnglishthisterm.Theyhadproblemsgettingtothetopofthemountain.4.在介词后面。如:Thanksforhelpingme.Areyougoodatplayingbasketball?What/Howaboutdoingsth?做某事怎么样?Iaminterestedinplayingfootball.5.在以下结构中1.enjoydoingsth.喜欢做某事2.finishdoingsth.完成做某事3.feellikedoingsth.想要做某事4.stopdoingsth.停止做某事(原来的事)5.forgetdoingsth.忘记做过某事6.goondoingsth.继续做某事(原来的事)7.rememberdoingsth.记得做过某事8.likedoingsth.喜欢做某事9.find/see/hear/watchsb.doing发现/看到/听到/观看某人做10.trydoingsth.试图做某事11.needdoingsth.需要做某事12.preferdoingsth.宁愿做某事13.minddoingsth.介意做某事14.missdoingsth.错过做某事15.practicedoingsth.练习做某事16.bebusydoingsth.忙于做某事17.can"thelpdoingsth.禁不住做某事18.wastetime/moneydoing浪费时间/金钱做……19.keepsb.doing让……始终/一直做……20.stopsb.(from)doing阻止某人做某事21.preferdoingBtodoingB=likeAbetterthanA喜欢做A 更喜欢做B22.“dosome+doing”短语如:dosomeshopping/dosomewashing/dosomereading/dosomepracticing/dosomecleaning/dosomespeaking23.“godoing”短语去做某事(主要指文娱活动等)如:goshopping/gofishing/goswimming/gohiking/goskating/gocamping/goskiing(滑雪)/goboating/gohunting(打猎)注意动词的过去分词的常见搭配:Ifeel(am/was)excited/surprised/amazed/interested/tired/pleased/worried/lostkeep…closed;aboycalled/namedTomUnit8Whydon"tyougetherascarf?1.fallasleep入睡2.give…away赠送;分发3.ratherthan宁愿……而不是,胜于4.woulddo…ratherthando宁愿……不愿做5.hearof…听说6.makefriendswith和……交友7.photoalbum像册8.toopersonal太私人化9.notinteresting/special/creativeenough不够有趣10.makeaspecialmeal做一顿特别的饭11.an8-year-oldchild一个六岁的孩子12.thesedays最近13.not…atall根本不14.differentkindsof不同种类15.makeherhappy使她高兴16.someoneelse别人(else总是后置)17.improveEnglish提高英语18.indifferentways以不同的方式19.encouragesbtodo鼓励某人做20.make(great)progress取得进步21.takeaninterestin/beinterestedin对……感兴趣22.onmytwelfth/twentiethbirthday23.agoldfish-twogoldfish24.apignamed/calledConnie25.fromacrossChina26.enteratestbysingingpopularEnglishsongs27.comefromallagegroups28.thewinnerofthewomen"scompetition29.wintheprize30.trytospeakEnglishmore31.aspokespersonfromtheOlympicCommittee32.hearof33.manyotherfunwaystolearnEnglish34.makefriendswithanativespeakerofEnglish35.findagoodwaytolearntolearnEnglish本单元目标句型:1.WhatshouldIgetmymomforherbirthday?我应该为我的妈妈买什么?2.Whydon"tyou/Whynotbuy/Whataboutbuying/Howaboutbuyingascarf?为什么不买条围巾呢?3.What"sthebestgiftyouhaveeverreceived?你曾收到的最好礼物是什么?4.Whataluckyguy!多幸运的家伙!5.Ithinkadogisagoodpetfora6-year-oldchild.6.Really?Idon"tagree.Dogsaretoodifficulttotakecareof.7.Whatareadvantagesanddisadvantagesofkeepingsuchapet?8.Thetrendiestkindofpetthesedaysisthepot-belliedpig.9.Pot-belliedpigsmakethebestpets.10.However,lifewithapigisn"talwaysperfect.11.Nowsheistoobigtosleepinthehouse,soImadeheraspecialpighouse.12.Themoviewasboring.Ifellasleephalfwaythroughit.13.Aleaffromatreeisenoughtomakeherveryhappy.13.Giftgivingisdifferentindifferentcountries.14.Thesamegiftmaybegivenawaytosomeoneelse.15.IntheUSA,somepeopleasktheirfamiliesandfriendstogivemoneytocharityratherthanbuythemgifts.16.InSweden,doingsomethingforsomeoneisthebestgift.Peopledon"tneedtospendtoomuchmoney.Instead,makingamealisenough.17.Chinawillbethehostforthe2008OlympicsandsomanyChinesepeopletrytoimprovetheirEnglishindifferentways.Chinawillholdthe….18.Nearlyallthesingerssangveryclearly,andlookedcomfortableonstage.19.SomeofthesesingerswereabletosingEnglishsongsjustaswellasnativespeakers.20.ShesaidthatsingingEnglishsongsmadehermoreinterestedinlearningEnglish.21.HeagreesthatitisagoodideatohavefunwithEnglish.22.ItsuggestswaysforBeijingerstotakeaninterestinlearningEnglish. 常见动词不定式词组、句型用法总结固定用法(非谓语动词):以下是带to的动词不定式常见搭配★希望做某事hopetodosth.★决定做某事decidetodosth.★同意做某事agreetodosth.★需要某人做某事needtodosth.★使用某物做某事usesthtodosth.★迫不及待做某事can"twaittodo★准备做某事get/bereadytodo★尽力/努力做某事trytodosth.★计划做某事plantodosth.★不得不havetodo★轮流做某事takeone"sturnstodosth.★拒绝做某事refusetodosth.★告诉某人做某事tellsb.todosth.★请某人做某事asksb.todosth.★希望某人做某事wishsb.todosth.★想要某人做某事want/wouldlikesb.todosth.★同意某人做某事agreesb.todosth.★教某人做某事teachsb.todosth.★喜欢/想要某人做某事likesb.todosth.★帮助某人做某事helpsb.todosth./helpsb.do★encouragesb.todo鼓励某人做★It"sone"sturntodosth.轮到某人做某事例句:Ityourturntocleantheblackboard.★It"stime(forsb.)todosth.是某人做某事时候了例句:It"stimeformetogohome.★It"s+adj.for/ofsb.todosth.对于某人来说做某事是……(当adj.是表示性格、品德的形容词时用of)例句:Itiseasyformetolearnitwell.Itisverykind/foolish/niceofyoutodoso.★Ittakessb.sometimetodosth.某人做某事花了某时间。例句:1.Ittakesmeanhourtogettoschoolbybike.2.IttookmeanhourtowatchTVlastnight.3.Itwilltakehertwoweekstofinishthework.★too+adj./adv.todosth.太……而不能。例:Hewastoangrytosayaword.★find/think/feelit+adj.todosth.发现/认为/感到做某事是……。例:Ifind/think/feelithardtolearnEnglishwell.★序数词+todo第……个做某事例句:Whoisthefirsttogetthere?★我不知/忘记了怎么办。Ididn"tknow/forgotwhattodo.★离开房间时不要忘记/记住关灯例句:Don"tforget/Remembertoturnoffthelightswhenyoulefttheroom★be+adj.+todosth.例句:Iamverysorrytohearthat.Iamreadytohelpothers.Iamhappy/pleased/gladtomeetyou.顺口溜:本领最多不定式,主表定补宾和状;样样成分都能干,只有谓语它不敢;大家千万要小心,有时它把句型改;作主语时用it,自己在后把身藏;七个感官三使役,宾补要把to甩开;疑问词后接上它,宾语从句可充当;逻辑主语不定式,不定式前加forsb.;to前not是否定,各种用法区别开。以下是不带to的动词不定式(即动词原形)的常见用法★letsb.dosth.让某人做某事★makedosth.使得某人做某事★heardosthdosth.听见某人做某事★seedosthdosth.看见某人做某事★whynot或whydon"tyou+动词原形?为什么不……?(表示建议)例:Whynot/Whydon"tyoutakeawalk?★某人+hadbetter(not)do某人最好(不)做某事★情态动词can/may/must/should+动词原形(包括情态动词的否定形式+动词原形)★助动词do/does/did/will/would在构成疑问句或者构成否定句即:don"t/doesn"t/didn"t/willnot/wouldnot+动词原形★begoingto+动词原形(表示“即将;打算”做某事)Unit9Haveyoueverbeentoanamusementpark?1.takearide兜风2.takethesubway3.havebeento,havegoneto4.ontheonehand,ontheotherhand5.agoodplacetopracticeyourEnglish6.outsideofChina7.endup结束8.takeaholiday/vacation度假9.allyearround全年10.suchas例如11.azoocalled/named…一个叫做……的动物园12.duringthedaytime在白天13.wakeup醒来14.wakesomebodyup唤醒/叫醒某人15.haveagreat/nice/wonderful/greattime玩得高兴16.awonderfulplacetotakeaholiday/tovisit一个度假/游览的好地方 17.anEnglish-speakingcountry一个讲英语的国家18.beasleep=fallasleep睡着19.goonaDISNEYcruise20.traveltoanotherprovinceofChina21.thereasonsforlearningEnglish22.anexchangestudent23.improvemylisteningskills24.one…,theother…25.ThreequartersofthepopulationareChinese.四分之三的人口是中国人(谓语动词用复数形式)26.What"sthepopulationofChina?中国的人口是多少?(不用howmuch提问)27.ThepopulationofChinais1.3billion.中国的人口是13亿。(谓动词用单形式)本单元目标句型:1.Meneither.(用于否定句后)2.It"sfuntolearnanotherlanguage.3.Disneylandisanamusementpark,butwecanalsocallitathemepark.4.Ithasallthenormalattractionsyoucanfindatanamusementpark,butitalsohasatheme.5.therollercoasteristhemedwithDisneycharacters.6.YoucanseeDisneycharacterswalkingaroundDisneylandallthetime.7.ThesearehugeboatsthatalsohavetheDisneytheme.Youcantakearideontheboatforseveraldays,andyousleepandeatonboard.8.TherearealsomanyattractionsonboardjustlikeanyotherDisneyland.9.Theboatridesalltakedifferentroutes,buttheyallendupinthesameplace.10.ItisjustsomuchfuninDisneyland.11.Here"swhattwoofourstudentssaidaboutourschool.12.WhenIwasayounggirl,allIeverwantedtodowastraveling,andIdecidedthatthebestwaytodothiswastobecomeaflightattendant.13.IdiscoveredthatthemostimportantrequirementwastospeakEnglishwell,soIstudiedEnglishattheHilltopLanguageSchoolforfiveyearsbeforeIbecameaflightattendant.14.ItwasbecauseIcouldspeakEnglishthatIgotthejob.15.It"sallIhaveeverwantedtobe.16.However,IknowthatIhavetoimprovemyEnglish,soIhavestartedtakinglessonsattheschool.17.MaybewhenIleaveschoolI"llthinkaboutbecominganEnglishteacherratherthanatourguide.18.Whatotherjobishethinkingofdoing?19.Youcanrentbicyclesattheamusementpark.20.FormanyChinesetourists,thissmallislandinSoutheastAsiaisawonderfulplacetotakeaholiday.21.Maybeyoufearthatyouwon"tbeabletofindanythingtoeatinaforeigncountry.22.However,ifyou"refeelingbrave,Singaporeisanexcellentplacetotrynewfood.23.Ifyougotoseelions,tigers,orfoxesduringthedaytime,they"llprobablyaasleep.24.OnegreatthingaboutSingaporeisthatthetemperatureisalmostthesameallyearround.Thisisbecausetheislandissoclosetotheequator.Soyoucanchoosetogowheneveryoulike-spring,summer,orwinter.现在完成时句型举例:1.Haveyoueverbeentoanamusementpark?你曾经去过游乐园吗?Yes,Ihave./No,Ihaven"t.2.Ihaveneverbeenthere.Meneither=NeitherhaveI.我也没有。3.Whereishe?HehasgonetotheBeijing.4.HowlonghashebeeninBeijing?(不能用come/arrive)5.I"veneverbeentoanaquarium.我从没去过水族馆。6.Ihavebeenastudenthereforayear.我成为这里的学生有一年了。(不能用become)=Ibecameastudenthereayearago.7.Hehasbeendeadfortwoyears.(不能用die)=hediedtwoyearsago.8.Ihavebeenateachersincetenyearsago(fortenyears.)(不能用become)9.Ihavejust/ever/already/neverseenthemovie.Haveyoueverheardofthemanbefore?本单元语法讲解现在完成时1. 现在完成时态表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。本时态标志词:already(“已经”,用于肯定句中,放在have/has之后或句尾)yet(“仍然;还”,用于疑问句或否定句的句尾)just(“刚刚”,放在have/has之后)before(“以前”,放在句尾)ever(“曾经”,放在have/has之后)never(“从没有”,在have/has之后)例句:1.Ourteacherhasjustleft.2.WehavestudiedEnglishalready.3.Ihavenotfinishedthehomeworkyet.4.HehasneverbeentoBeijingbefore.2.某个动作从过去已经开始,一直持续到现在,还有可能持续到将来.动作的持续性要通过一段时间来表示一段时间的表达方法有两种:for+一段时间yearsSince+过去的某一时刻sincenine,sincelastweekSince+一般过去时态的时间状语从句sinceyoucame;sinceyougothome注意:结束性动词不能和表示一段时间的时间状语连用,但是它们可以转换成相应的延续性动词。1.直接用延续性动词buy--have;catch(get)acold--haveacold;borrow--keep;become--be;puton--wear2.转换成be+名词jointhearmy--beasoldier;jointheParty--beaPartymember;gotoschool--eastudentforayear,fortwoweeks,forthree3.转换成be+形容词或副词die--bedead;finish--beover;begin--beon;leave--beaway;fallsleep--beasleep;close--beclosed;cometo/goto/arriveat(in)+某地--bein(at)+某地4.转换成be+介词短语gotoschool--beinschool;getup--beup现在完成时态常见标志词1.already(已经),just(刚刚),never(从未/从没有),ever(曾经),yet(仍然/还),before(以前)(句尾时)2.since+点时刻或从句;for+段时间;howlong(疑问句中用来提问since/for短语的)3.sofar/tillnow/bynow到目前为止;迄今4.recently近来,inthepast/last+段时间在过去的几年中5.once(一次),twice,three(four…)times6.Itisthe+最高级+n.+(that)sb.haveeverdone例:What"sthebestgiftyouhaveeverreceived?你曾收到的最好礼物是什么?Unit10It"saniceday,isn"tit?1.feellikedoing=wanttodosth.想做某事2.liketodosth./likedoingsth.喜欢做某事3.wouldliketodo=wanttodo想要做某事4.likesb.todo想要某人做某事5.feellikesth.觉得像……6.haveahard/difficulttimedoingsth.费了很大劲做某事7.haveproblemdoingsth.做某事有困难8.havefundoingsth.乐于做某事9.needtodosth.需要做某事(主语是人,强调主动)10.needdoing=needtobedone需要被……(主语是物,强调被动)例如:Ineedtodomyhomework.Thebikeneedsmending/reparing11.athank-younotefor…感谢信12.lookthrough浏览13.getalong/onwellwith相处得好14.atleast至少15.atmost最多16.becareful=lookout当心;小心17.becarefultodo/nottodosth.小心做/不做某事18.crossastreet=goacrossastreet过街(穿过表面)19.gothrough穿过(空间/房间/森林等)20.gopast经过/路过21.comealong跟着来22.sayinalow/loudvoice小声地/大声地说23.somethingcost+钱=somethingisworth+钱某物值多少钱24.ahigh/lowtemperature高/低温25.thepriceishigh/low价格高/低26.do/tryone"sbesttodosth.努力/尽力做某事27.bynoon28.lookthroughbooksinabookstore29.aboyyou"veneverseenbefore目标句型:反意疑问句句型如下:注意:以下本单元语法反意疑问句容易考到的几个句型:1.Itlookslikerain,doesn"tit?Yes,itdoes./No,itdoesn"t.看起来要下雨了,是吗?2.He"sreallygood,isn"the?他确实好,是吗?3.Youarenewhere,aren"tyou?你是新来的,是吗?4.YouhaveneverbeentoBeijing,haveyou?(never表达否定含义,后面用肯定)5.Shehasfewfriends,doesshe?(few表达否定含义,后面用肯定)6. Tomhadlittleworktodo,didhe?(little表达否定含义,后面用肯定)7.Youcanhardlydothework,canyou?(hardly表达否定含义,后面用肯定)8.Let"sgohome,shallwe?9.Don"tbelateagain/Letusgohome,willyou?(祈使句用willyou;但Let"s开头的用shallwe)10.Thankyousomuchforasking/inviting/havingme!非常感谢你邀请我11.Howmuchdoesthatshirtcost?=Howmuchistheshirt?那件衬衣值多少钱?12.Hesureis.13.Thisisgreatweather,isn"tit?Itsureis.Butit"salittlehotforme.14.Thelineisslow,isn"tit?15.Theirpricesarereallylow,aren"tthey?16.Howbigisyourapartment?17.DidyouseethegameonTVFridaynight?18.Sometimesitisn"teasybeingthenewkidatschool.19.Thevideoyoushowedwasreallyfun.20.Iwashavingahardtimefindingituntilyoucamealong.21.Friendslikeyoumakeitaloteasiertogetalonginanewplace.22.Thanksfortheticketsfornextweek"sgame.I"mreallyhappytohavethetickets.23.I"llthinkofyouaswewatchtheBlackSockswinthegame.24.Thetrafficisverybusyatthistime.25.I"mgoingtolookthroughthenewspaperforaholidayjob.26.Becarefultolookbothwaysbeforeyoucrossthestreet.27.Ifyouhavefinishedyourhomework,youcouldhelpwithcleaningandcooking.附:初二常见动词过去式、过去分词默写表1.是am,is-2.是are-3.击败;敲打beat-4.成为/变成become-5.开始begin-6.吹;刮blow-7.折断;打破break-8.带来bring-9.建设;建造build-10.买buy-11.能够can-12.抓/捉住;乘车catch13.选择;选choose--14.来come-15.值cost-16.切;割;砍cut-17.做do-18.绘画;画draw-19.喝drink-20.驾驶drive-21.吃eat-22.掉下;降落fall-23.感到;感觉feel-24.发现;找到find-25.飞fly-26.忘记forget-27.取;获得get-28.给give-29.去;走go-30.种植;成长grow-31.有/吃have/has-32.听见hear-33.保持keep-34.知道;认识know-35.学习;学会learn36.离开;落下leave-37.借出/给lend38.让let-39.位于lie-40.丢失lose-41.可以may-42.意味;意思mean--43.遇见/到meet-44.放put-45.读read-46.骑ride-47.铃响ring-48.跑run-49.说say-50.看见;看望see--51.卖sell-52.送send-53.将;应该shall-54.照耀shine-55.唱sing-56.坐sit-57.睡觉sleep-58.闻;嗅smell-59.说;讲speak-60.花费;度过spend-61.站stand-62.扫;拖地sweep-63.游泳swim-64.拿走;带走take--袈莅芄螈螄莄蒆薀膂莃蕿袆肈莂蚁虿羄莁莁袄袀莀蒃蚇腿蒀薅袃肅葿蚈蚅羁蒈莇袁羇肄薀蚄袃肃蚂罿膁肃莂螂肇肂蒄羇羃肁薆螀衿膀蚈薃膈腿莈蝿肄膈蒀薁肀膇蚃袇羆膇莂蚀袂膆蒅袅膁膅薇蚈肇膄虿袃羃芃荿蚆衿节蒁袂螅节薄蚄膃芁莃羀聿芀蒆螃羅艿薈羈袁芈蚀螁膀芇莀薄肆莆蒂蝿羂莆薄薂袈莅芄螈螄莄蒆薀膂莃蕿袆肈莂蚁虿羄莁莁袄袀莀蒃蚇腿蒀薅袃肅葿蚈蚅羁蒈莇袁羇肄薀蚄袃肃蚂罿膁肃莂螂肇肂蒄羇羃肁薆螀衿膀蚈薃膈腿莈蝿肄膈蒀薁肀膇蚃袇羆膇莂蚀袂膆蒅袅膁膅薇蚈肇膄虿袃羃芃荿蚆衿节蒁袂螅节薄蚄膃芁莃羀聿芀蒆螃羅艿薈羈袁芈蚀螁膀芇莀薄肆莆蒂蝿羂莆薄薂袈莅芄螈螄莄蒆薀膂莃蕿袆肈莂蚁虿羄莁莁袄袀莀蒃蚇腿蒀薅袃肅葿蚈蚅羁蒈莇袁羇肄薀蚄袃肃蚂罿膁肃莂螂肇肂蒄羇羃肁薆螀衿膀蚈薃膈腿莈蝿肄膈蒀薁肀膇蚃袇羆膇莂蚀袂膆蒅袅膁膅薇蚈肇膄虿袃羃芃荿蚆衿节蒁袂螅节薄蚄膃芁莃羀聿芀蒆螃羅艿薈羈袁芈蚀螁膀芇莀薄肆莆蒂蝿羂莆薄薂袈莅芄螈螄莄蒆薀膂莃蕿袆肈莂蚁虿羄莁莁袄袀莀蒃蚇腿蒀薅袃肅葿蚈蚅羁蒈莇袁羇肄薀蚄袃肃蚂罿膁肃莂螂肇肂蒄羇羃肁薆螀衿膀蚈薃膈腿莈蝿肄膈蒀薁肀膇蚃袇羆膇莂蚀袂膆蒅袅膁膅薇蚈肇膄虿袃羃芃荿蚆衿节蒁袂螅节薄蚄膃芁莃羀聿芀蒆螃羅艿薈羈袁芈蚀螁膀芇莀薄肆莆蒂蝿羂莆薄薂袈莅芄螈螄莄蒆薀膂莃蕿袆肈莂蚁虿羄莁莁袄袀莀蒃蚇腿蒀薅袃肅葿蚈蚅羁蒈莇袁羇肄薀蚄袃肃蚂罿膁肃莂螂肇肂蒄羇羃肁薆螀衿膀蚈薃膈腿莈蝿肄膈蒀薁肀膇蚃袇羆膇莂蚀袂膆蒅袅膁膅薇蚈肇膄虿袃羃芃荿蚆衿节蒁袂螅节薄蚄膃芁莃羀聿芀蒆螃羅艿薈羈袁芈蚀螁膀芇莀薄肆莆蒂蝿羂莆薄薂袈莅芄螈螄莄蒆薀膂莃蕿袆肈莂蚁虿羄莁莁袄袀莀蒃蚇腿蒀薅袃肅葿蚈蚅羁蒈莇袁羇肄薀蚄袃肃蚂罿膁肃莂螂肇肂蒄羇羃肁薆螀衿膀蚈薃膈腿莈蝿肄膈蒀薁肀膇蚃袇羆膇莂蚀袂膆蒅袅膁膅薇蚈肇膄虿袃羃芃荿蚆衿节蒁袂螅节薄蚄膃芁莃羀聿芀蒆螃羅艿薈羈袁芈蚀螁膀芇莀薄肆莆蒂蝿羂莆薄薂袈莅芄螈螄莄蒆薀膂莃蕿袆肈莂蚁虿羄莁莁袄袀莀蒃蚇腿蒀薅袃肅葿蚈蚅羁蒈莇袁羇肄薀蚄袃肃蚂罿膁肃莂螂肇肂蒄羇羃肁薆螀衿膀蚈薃膈腿莈蝿肄膈蒀薁肀膇蚃袇羆膇莂蚀袂膆蒅袅膁膅薇蚈肇膄虿袃羃芃荿蚆衿节蒁袂螅节薄蚄膃芁莃羀聿芀蒆螃羅艿薈羈袁芈蚀螁膀芇莀薄肆莆蒂蝿羂莆薄薂袈莅芄螈螄莄蒆薀膂莃蕿袆肈莂蚁虿羄莁莁袄袀莀蒃蚇腿蒀薅袃肅葿蚈蚅羁蒈莇袁羇肄薀蚄袃肃蚂罿膁肃莂螂肇肂蒄羇羃肁薆螀衿膀蚈薃膈腿莈蝿肄膈蒀薁肀膇蚃袇羆膇莂蚀袂膆蒅袅膁膅薇蚈肇膄虿袃羃芃荿蚆衿节蒁袂螅节薄蚄膃芁莃羀聿芀蒆螃羅艿薈羈袁芈蚀螁膀芇莀薄肆莆蒂蝿羂莆薄薂袈莅芄螈螄莄蒆薀膂莃蕿袆肈莂蚁虿羄莁莁袄袀莀蒃蚇腿蒀薅袃肅葿蚈蚅羁蒈莇袁羇肄薀蚄袃肃蚂罿膁肃莂螂肇肂蒄羇羃肁薆螀衿膀蚈薃膈腿莈蝿肄膈蒀薁肀膇蚃袇羆膇莂蚀袂膆蒅袅膁膅薇蚈肇膄虿袃羃芃荿蚆衿节蒁袂螅节薄蚄膃芁莃羀聿芀蒆螃羅艿薈羈袁芈蚀螁膀芇莀薄肆莆蒂蝿羂莆薄薂袈莅芄螈螄莄蒆薀膂莃蕿袆肈莂蚁虿羄莁莁袄袀莀蒃蚇腿蒀薅袃肅葿蚈蚅羁蒈莇袁羇肄薀蚄袃肃蚂罿膁肃莂螂肇肂蒄羇羃肁薆螀衿膀蚈薃膈腿莈蝿肄膈蒀薁肀膇蚃袇羆膇莂蚀袂膆蒅袅膁膅薇蚈肇膄虿袃羃芃荿蚆衿节蒁袂螅节薄蚄膃芁莃羀聿芀蒆螃羅艿薈羈袁芈蚀螁膀芇莀薄肆莆蒂蝿羂莆薄薂袈莅芄螈螄莄蒆薀膂莃蕿袆肈莂蚁虿羄莁莁袄袀莀蒃蚇腿蒀薅袃肅葿蚈蚅羁蒈莇袁羇肄薀蚄袃肃蚂罿膁肃莂螂肇肂蒄羇羃肁薆螀衿膀蚈薃膈腿莈蝿肄膈蒀薁肀膇蚃袇羆膇莂蚀袂膆蒅袅膁膅薇蚈肇膄虿袃羃芃荿蚆衿节蒁袂螅节薄蚄膃芁莃羀聿芀蒆螃羅艿薈羈袁芈蚀螁膀芇莀薄肆莆蒂蝿羂莆薄薂袈莅芄螈螄莄蒆薀膂莃蕿袆肈莂蚁虿羄莁莁袄袀莀蒃蚇腿蒀薅袃肅葿蚈蚅羁蒈莇袁羇肄薀蚄袃肃蚂罿膁肃莂螂肇肂蒄羇羃肁薆螀衿膀蚈薃膈腿莈蝿肄膈蒀薁肀膇蚃袇羆膇莂蚀袂膆蒅袅膁膅薇蚈肇膄虿袃羃芃荿蚆衿节蒁袂螅节薄蚄膃芁莃羀聿芀蒆螃羅艿薈羈袁芈蚀螁膀芇莀薄肆莆蒂蝿羂莆薄薂袈莅芄螈螄莄蒆薀膂莃蕿袆肈莂蚁虿羄莁莁袄袀莀蒃蚇腿蒀薅袃肅葿蚈蚅羁蒈莇袁羇肄薀蚄袃肃蚂罿膁肃莂螂肇肂蒄羇羃肁薆螀衿膀蚈薃膈腿莈蝿肄膈蒀薁肀膇蚃袇羆膇莂蚀袂膆蒅袅膁膅薇蚈肇膄虿袃羃芃荿蚆衿节蒁袂螅节薄蚄膃芁莃羀聿芀蒆螃羅艿薈羈袁芈蚀螁膀芇莀薄肆莆蒂蝿羂莆薄薂袈莅芄螈螄莄蒆薀膂莃蕿袆肈莂蚁虿羄莁莁袄袀莀蒃蚇腿蒀薅袃肅葿蚈蚅羁蒈莇袁羇肄薀蚄袃肃蚂罿膁肃莂螂肇肂蒄羇羃肁薆螀衿膀蚈薃膈腿莈蝿肄膈蒀薁肀膇蚃袇羆膇莂蚀袂膆蒅袅膁膅薇蚈肇膄虿袃羃芃荿蚆衿节蒁袂螅节薄蚄膃芁莃羀聿芀蒆螃羅艿薈羈袁芈蚀螁膀芇莀薄肆莆蒂蝿羂莆薄薂袈莅芄螈螄莄蒆薀膂莃蕿袆肈莂蚁虿羄莁莁袄袀莀蒃蚇腿蒀薅袃肅葿蚈蚅羁蒈莇袁羇肄薀蚄袃肃蚂罿膁肃莂螂肇肂蒄羇羃肁薆螀衿膀蚈薃膈腿莈蝿肄膈蒀薁肀膇蚃袇羆膇莂蚀袂膆蒅袅膁膅薇蚈肇膄虿袃羃芃荿蚆衿节蒁袂螅节薄蚄膃芁莃羀聿芀蒆螃羅艿薈羈袁芈蚀螁膀芇莀薄肆莆蒂蝿羂莆薄薂袈莅芄螈螄莄蒆薀膂莃蕿袆肈莂蚁虿羄莁莁袄袀莀蒃蚇腿蒀薅袃肅葿蚈蚅羁蒈莇袁羇肄薀蚄袃肃蚂罿膁肃莂螂肇肂蒄羇羃肁薆螀衿膀蚈薃膈腿莈蝿肄膈蒀薁肀膇蚃袇羆膇莂蚀袂膆蒅袅膁膅薇蚈肇膄虿袃羃芃荿蚆衿节蒁袂螅节薄蚄膃芁莃羀聿芀蒆螃羅艿薈羈袁芈蚀螁膀芇莀薄肆莆蒂蝿羂莆薄薂袈莅芄螈螄莄蒆薀膂莃蕿袆肈莂蚁虿羄莁莁袄袀莀蒃蚇腿蒀薅袃肅葿蚈蚅羁蒈莇袁羇肄薀蚄袃肃蚂罿膁肃莂螂肇肂蒄羇羃肁薆螀衿膀蚈薃膈腿莈蝿肄膈蒀薁肀膇蚃袇羆膇莂蚀袂膆蒅袅膁膅薇蚈肇膄虿袃羃芃荿蚆衿节蒁袂螅节薄蚄膃芁莃羀聿芀蒆螃羅艿薈羈袁芈蚀螁膀芇莀薄肆莆蒂蝿羂莆薄薂袈莅芄螈螄莄蒆薀膂莃蕿袆肈莂蚁虿羄莁莁袄袀莀蒃蚇腿蒀薅袃肅葿蚈蚅羁蒈莇袁羇肄薀蚄袃肃蚂罿膁肃莂螂肇肂蒄羇羃肁薆螀衿膀蚈薃膈腿莈蝿肄膈蒀薁肀膇蚃袇羆膇莂蚀袂膆蒅袅膁膅薇蚈肇膄虿袃羃芃荿蚆衿节蒁袂螅节薄蚄膃芁莃羀聿芀蒆螃羅艿薈羈袁芈蚀螁膀芇莀薄肆莆蒂蝿羂莆薄薂袈莅芄螈螄莄蒆薀膂莃蕿袆肈莂蚁虿羄莁莁袄袀莀蒃蚇腿蒀薅袃肅葿蚈蚅羁蒈莇袁羇肄薀蚄袃肃蚂罿膁肃莂螂肇肂蒄羇羃肁薆螀衿膀蚈薃膈腿莈蝿肄膈蒀薁肀膇蚃袇羆膇莂蚀袂膆蒅袅膁膅薇蚈肇膄虿袃羃芃荿蚆衿节蒁袂螅节薄蚄膃芁莃羀聿芀蒆螃羅艿薈羈袁芈蚀螁膀芇莀薄肆莆蒂蝿羂莆薄薂袈莅芄螈螄莄蒆薀膂莃蕿袆肈莂蚁虿羄莁莁袄袀莀蒃蚇腿蒀薅袃肅葿蚈蚅羁蒈莇袁羇肄薀蚄袃肃蚂罿膁肃莂螂肇肂蒄羇羃肁薆螀衿膀蚈薃膈腿莈蝿肄膈蒀薁肀膇蚃袇羆膇莂蚀袂膆蒅袅膁膅薇蚈肇膄虿袃羃芃荿蚆衿节蒁袂螅节薄蚄膃芁莃羀聿芀蒆螃羅艿薈羈袁芈蚀螁膀芇莀薄肆莆蒂蝿羂莆薄薂袈莅芄螈螄莄蒆薀膂莃蕿袆肈莂蚁虿羄莁莁袄袀莀蒃蚇腿蒀薅袃肅葿蚈蚅羁蒈莇袁羇肄薀蚄袃肃蚂罿膁肃莂螂肇肂蒄羇羃肁薆螀衿膀蚈薃膈腿莈蝿肄膈蒀薁肀膇蚃袇羆膇莂蚀袂膆蒅袅膁膅薇蚈肇膄虿袃羃芃荿蚆衿节蒁袂螅节薄蚄膃芁莃羀聿芀蒆螃羅艿薈羈袁芈蚀螁膀芇莀薄肆莆蒂蝿羂莆薄薂袈莅芄螈螄莄蒆薀膂莃蕿袆肈莂蚁虿羄莁莁袄袀莀蒃蚇腿蒀薅袃肅葿蚈蚅羁蒈莇袁羇肄薀蚄袃肃蚂罿膁肃莂螂肇肂蒄羇羃肁薆螀衿膀蚈薃膈腿莈蝿肄膈蒀薁肀膇蚃袇羆膇莂蚀袂膆蒅袅膁膅薇蚈肇膄虿袃羃芃荿蚆衿节蒁袂螅节薄蚄膃芁莃羀聿芀蒆螃羅艿薈羈袁芈蚀螁膀芇莀薄肆莆蒂蝿羂莆薄薂袈莅芄螈螄莄蒆薀膂莃蕿袆肈莂蚁虿羄莁莁袄袀莀蒃蚇腿蒀薅袃肅葿蚈蚅羁蒈莇袁羇肄薀蚄袃肃蚂罿膁肃莂螂肇肂蒄羇羃肁薆螀衿膀蚈薃膈腿莈蝿肄膈蒀薁肀膇蚃袇羆膇莂蚀袂膆蒅袅膁膅薇蚈肇膄虿袃羃芃荿蚆衿节蒁袂螅节薄蚄膃芁莃羀聿芀蒆螃羅艿薈羈袁芈蚀螁膀芇莀薄肆莆蒂蝿羂莆薄薂袈莅芄螈螄莄蒆薀膂莃蕿袆肈莂蚁虿羄莁莁袄袀莀蒃蚇腿蒀薅袃肅葿蚈蚅羁蒈莇袁羇肄薀蚄袃肃蚂罿膁肃莂螂肇肂蒄羇羃肁薆螀衿膀蚈薃膈腿莈蝿肄膈蒀薁肀膇蚃袇羆膇莂蚀袂膆蒅袅膁膅薇蚈肇膄虿袃羃芃荿蚆衿节蒁袂螅节薄蚄膃芁莃羀聿芀蒆螃羅艿薈羈袁芈蚀螁膀芇莀薄肆莆蒂蝿羂莆薄薂袈莅芄螈螄莄蒆薀膂莃蕿袆肈莂蚁虿羄莁莁袄袀莀蒃蚇腿蒀薅袃肅葿蚈蚅羁蒈莇袁羇肄薀蚄袃肃蚂罿膁肃莂螂肇肂蒄羇羃肁薆螀衿膀蚈薃膈腿莈蝿肄膈蒀薁肀膇蚃袇羆膇莂蚀袂膆蒅袅膁膅薇蚈肇膄虿袃羃芃荿蚆衿节蒁袂螅节薄蚄膃芁莃羀聿芀蒆螃羅艿薈羈袁芈蚀螁膀芇莀薄肆莆蒂蝿羂莆薄薂袈莅芄螈螄莄蒆薀膂莃蕿袆肈莂蚁虿羄莁莁袄袀莀蒃蚇腿蒀薅袃肅葿蚈蚅羁蒈莇袁羇肄薀蚄袃肃蚂罿膁肃莂螂肇肂蒄羇羃肁薆螀衿膀蚈薃膈腿莈蝿肄膈蒀薁肀膇蚃袇羆膇莂蚀袂膆蒅袅膁膅薇蚈肇膄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