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小升初英语语法练习及答案

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小升初英语语法练习题及答案1.人称代词主格:Iweyousheheitthey宾格:meusyouherhimitthem形容词性物主代词:myouryourherhisitstheir名词性物主代词:mineoursyourshershisitstheirs一;用适当的代词填空。1.Isthatcaryours?Yes,itis______.2.HowisMrLi?_______isfine,thanks.3.Puton______hat!Iamgoingtoputiton.4.Whoisthatoverhere?Itis_______.5.Theoldmanlivesby______.6.IamsureIcandoitallby_______.7.Look,isthisroombeautiful?Ipaintedit_____.8.I’dliketogoforawalk.______too.9.Whatare______jobs?Theyarestudents.10.Wethinkto_________.11.Maryisoldenoughtotakecareof______.12.Itisperfume,Imadeit__________.13.Lookat____.Sheisverywell.14.Canyoucarrythisboxupstairsby_______.15.Youandshedidverywellinthetest.Theteachersaidthathewouldpraise_____and______.16.Thestory______wasverygood,butyouaredidnottellitwell.17.GiveJanethiswatch..Give______thisonetoo.18.Saraisnotpleasedwith______inthisEnglishtest.19.Didyouenjoy_______atthepartyyesterday?20.Shewantstobuyacarof_____own.二:选择填空.1.Mr.MorehasmoremoneythanMr.Little.Buthedoesn’tenjoy_______.A.heB.himC.hisD.himself2.Lilywas9yearsold._____wasoldenoughtogotoschool________.A.She,sheB.She,herselfC.Her,herselfD.Her.she3.Jim’swatchismuchnewerthan_________.A.hersB.sheC.herD.herself4.Wouldyoulike_____forsuper?A:somethingChineseB:ChinesesomethingC:anythingChineseD:Chineseanything5.______pianoistooold,butshestilllikedplayingit.A.SheB.She’sC.HersD.Her6.WhotaughtyouEnglishlastyear?Nobodytaughtme.Itaught______. A.meB.myselfC.mineD.I7.Thatbikeis_________?A.heB.himC.hisD.it8.Webought______apresent,but_______didn”tlikeit.A.they,themB.them,theyC.themselves,theirD.theirs,they答案:1.mine2.he3.your4.her5.here6.myself7.myself8.me9.those10.ourselves11.herself12.myself13.her14.yourself15.you,her16.youmade17.her18.herresults19.yourself20.her1.D2.B3.A4.C5.D6.B7.C8.B2.形容词和副词的比较级(1)一般在形容词或副词后+eroldertallerlongerstronger,etc(2)多音节词前+moremoreinteresting, etc.(3)双写最后一个字母,再+erbiggerfatter,etc.(4)把y变i,再+erheavier,earlier(5)不规则变化:well-better,much/many-more,etc.3.可数词的复数形式一、名词复数规则1.一般情况下,直接加-s,如:book-books,bag-bags,cat-cats,bed-beds2.以s.x.sh.ch结尾,加-es,如:bus-buses,box-boxes,brush-brushes,watch-watches3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾,变y为i,再加-es,如:family-families,strawberry-strawberries4.以“f或fe”结尾,变f或fe为v,再加-es,如:knife-knives5.不规则名词复数:man-men,woman-women,policeman-policemen,policewoman-policewomen,mouse-micechild-childrenfoot-feet,.tooth-teethfish-fish,people-people,Chinese-Chinese,Japanese-Japanese写出下列各词的复数I_________him_________this___________her______watch_______child_______photo________diary______day________foot________book_______dress________tooth_______sheep______box_______strawberry_____thief_______yo-yo______peach______sandwich______man______woman_______paper_______      juice___________water________milk________rice__________tea__________4.不可数名词(单复数形式不变)bread,rice,water,juiceetc.5.缩略形式I’m=Iamyou’re=youareshe’s=sheishe’s=heisit’s=itiswho’s=whoiscan’t=cannotisn’t=isnotetc6冠词冠词的定义冠词是置于名词之前,对名词起限制作用的一种虚词。 冠词可以说是名词的一种标志,它不能离开名词而独立存在。冠词的分类冠词分为不定冠词"a,an"、定冠词"the"和零冠词三种,零冠词指的是不用冠词的情况。不定冠词表示泛指,定冠词表示特指。不定冠词的用法-1不定冠词有"a和an"两种形式。"a"用在以辅音开头的词前,"an"用在以元音开头的词前。判断一个词是以元音开头还是以辅音开头,是根据读音而不是根据字母。1.用于可数名词的单数形式前,表示"一"Thereisatigerinthezoo.动物园里有一只老虎。2.表示一类人和东西Atigercanbedangerous.老虎可能有危害性。3.表示"某一个"的意思Agentlemanwantstoseeyou.有一位先生要见你。4.表示"同一"的意思Theyarenearlyofanage.他们几乎同岁。Thetwoshirtsaremuchofasize.这两件衬衫大小差不多。5.表示"每一"的意思Wegoswimmingfourtimesaweek.我们每周去游泳四次。6.用在作表语的单数可数名词前,表示身份、职业Mymotherisateacher.我妈妈是教师。7.第一次提到的人或事物,但不特别指明是哪一个Longlongagotherewasanoldkingwhohadaverybeautifuldaughter.很久很久以前,有一个年老的国王,他有一个非常美丽的女儿。8.在英国英语中,以"h"开头的多音节词,如第一个音节不重读,其前亦可用"an"Thereisanhotelnearhere.这附近有一家旅馆。9.在sucha,quitea句式中Heisquiteagoodactor.他是一个相当好的演员。Don"tbeinsuchahurry.不要如此匆忙。10.在感叹句what...的句式中Whataprettygirlsheis!她是一个多么漂亮的女孩呀!不定冠词的用法-2 用在某些表示数量的词组中:alotof许多acoupleof一对agreatmany很多adozen一打(但也可以用onedozen)agreatdealof大量定冠词的用法-11.用以特指某(些)人或某(些)事物ThisisthehousewhereLuxunoncelived.这是鲁迅曾经住过的房子。2.用于指谈话双方都明确所指的人或事物Openthedoor,please.请把门打开。3.用以复述上文提过的人或事物(第一次提到用“a或an”,以后再次提到用“the”)Oncetherelivedalionintheforest.Everydaythelionaskedsmallanimalstolookforfoodforhim.从前森林里住着一只狮子。每天这只狮子要小动物们为他寻找食物。4.用在序数词和形容词最高级前Januaryisthefirstmonthoftheyear.一月份是一年当中的第一个月。ShanghaiisthebiggestcityinChina.上海是中国最大的城市。5.表示世界上宇宙中独一无二的事物thesun太阳themoon月亮theearth地球thesky天空theworld世界6.指由普通名词构成的专有名词theWestLake西湖theGreatWall长城theUnitedStates美国theUnitedNations联合国定冠词的用法-27.表示方向、方位intheeast在东方inthewest在西方inthefront在前面attheback在后面inthebottom在底部atthetop在顶部ontheright在右边ontheleft在左边8.在海洋、江河、湖泊、山脉、海峡、海湾等地理名词前thePacificOcean太平洋theHuangheRiver黄河theTainshanMountains天山山脉theTaiwanStraits台湾海峡9.在姓氏复数前,表示一家人TheBakerscametoseemeyesterday.贝克一家人昨天来看我。10.和某些形容词连用,使形容词名词化,代表一类人或物thepoor穷人therich富人 thesick病人thewounded伤员thegood好人thebeautiful美丽的事物11.用在表示阶级、政党的名词前theworkingclass工人阶级theChineseCommunistParty中国共产党12.用在thevery强调句中ThisistheverybookIwant.这就是我想要的那本书。13.在themore,themore比较级的句式中Themoreyoudrink,themoreyoulikeit.你越喝就越爱喝。14.表示演奏乐器时,乐器的前面要加theplaythepiano弹钢琴playtheviolin拉小提琴15.某些固定的表达法inthemorning在早上intheafternoon在下午intheevening在晚上gotothecinema去看电影gotothetheatre去看戏alltheyearround一年到头onthewayto前往...去的路上16.the加单数可数名词可以表示一类人或事物Thehorseisausefulanimal.马是一种有用的动物。注意:像这类句子还有如下两种写法Ahorseisausefulanimal.Horsesareusefulanimals.零冠词的用法1.专有名词前一般不加冠词China中国Europe欧洲LeiFeng雷锋WilliamShakespeare威廉·莎士比亚2.月份、周日、节日前一般不加冠词January一月份Sunday星期日ChristmasDay圣诞节Thanksgiving感恩节NationalDay国庆节MayDay劳动节比较:...onaSundaymorning.在一个星期天的早晨...(表示某一个。)3.三餐、四季前一般不加冠词Ihavelunchatschool.我在学校吃午餐。Summeristhebestseasonforswimming.夏天是游泳的好季节。比较:Ihadabiglunchyesterday.昨天我吃了一顿丰盛的午餐。(表示某一个)ThedinnergivenbyMrSmithwasverynice.史密斯先生款待的晚宴真是美味。(表示特指) 比较:IwillneverforgetthesummerwespentinHawaii.我永远不会忘记我们一起在夏威夷度过的那个夏天。(表示特指)4.进行球类运动playbasketball打篮球playvolleyball打排球playfootball踢足球5.没有特指的物质名词Thiscartismadeofwood.这辆手推车是用木头作的。比较:Thewoodoutsidewasallwet.外面的那些木头都湿了。(表示特指)6.没有特指的不可数抽象名词Timeisprecious.时间是宝贵的。比较:Thetimeoftheplaywas1990s.这个剧本的时代背景是二十世纪九十年代。(表示特指)7.没有特指的可数名词复数形式后。Iliketomatoes.我喜欢西红柿。8.山峰MountQomolangma珠穆朗玛峰9.固定词组gotoschool去上学gotobed上床睡觉gobytrain乘火车去gobyboat乘船去attable在用餐inhospital住院atschool求学inschool求学atnoon在中午atnight在晚上atmidnight在半夜intown在城里10.独立结构中的名词不加冠词Aboycamein,bookinhand.一个男孩进来,手上拿着书。11.泛指人类Manismortal.人必有一死。12.在"kindof+名词sortof+名词"句式中Whatkindofflowerisit?这是什么花?Ilikethissortofbook.我喜欢这种书。13.指职位、头衔的词,如king,captain,president,chairman等。Heis(the)captainoftheteam.他是球队的队长。As(the)chairmanofthecommittee,Ideclarethemeetingopen.作为委员会主席,我宣布会议开始。 冠词和三餐的搭配三餐名词单独使用时,之前通常不加冠词三餐名词之前若加形容词时则除外:Wehavebreakfastateight.我们8点钟吃早饭。Hegaveusagoodbreakfast.他请我们吃了一顿丰盛的早餐。Iwasinvitedtodinner.他们邀请我吃饭。Iwasinvitedtoadinnergiventowelcomethenewambassador.我被邀请参加欢迎新任大使的宴会。TheScotshaveporridgeforbreakfast.苏格兰人早餐吃粥。Theweddingbreakfastwasheldinherfather’shouse.婚礼早宴是在她父亲家举行的。介词短语与冠词一.attable在进餐atthetable在桌子旁边atdesk在读书atthedesk在课桌旁atschool在上学attheschool在学校里inclass在上课intheclass在班级里面inbed卧床inthebed在床上inprison坐牢intheprison(因事)在监狱inhospital住院inthehospital(因事)在医院gotoschool去上学gototheschool(因事)去学校gotobed上床睡觉gotothebed在床上gotohospital去看病gotothehospital去医院二.takeplace发生taketheplace代替inplaceof代替intheplaceof在...的地方incaseof万一inthecaseof就...来说 outofquestion毫无疑问outofthequestion完全不可能通常使用不定冠词的短语afterawhile过了一会儿allofasudden突然asarule通常asaresult结果,因此asamatteroffact事实上asawhole大体上ataloss不知所措inahurry急忙inaway在某种程度上inaword总而言之It’sapitythat…令人遗憾的是…putanendto…结束…cometoanend结束cometoaconclusion得出结论haveagoodtime玩得愉快havearest休息一下haveacold感冒haveawordwith和…谈一谈keepaneyefor对…有鉴赏力makealiving谋生makeafire生火makeafoolof愚弄takeawalk散步2.冠词的练习Choosethebestanswer(选择最佳答案):1.Thereis_______houseinthepicture.Thereis________oldwomannear_________house.A.an;a;theB.a;an;theC.the;a;anD.a;the;an2.Hehasalreadyworkedfor______hour.A.theB.anC.aD.不填3.Aliceisfondofplaying______piano.A.theB.anC.aD.不填4.Beyond____stars,theastronautsawnothingbut_____space.A.不填;theB.the;theC.不填,不填D.the;不填5.______terribleweatherwe`vebeenhavingthesedays!A.HowaB.WhataC.HowD.What6.------WhereisJack?------Ithinkheisstillin______bed,buthemightjustbein______bathroom.A.不填;不填B.the;theC.the;不填D.不填;the7.Whendoyouhave_____breakfasteveryday?A.aB.anC.theD.不填8.Manypeoplearestillin_____habitofwritingsillythingsin______publicplaces. A.the;不填B.不填;theC.the;theD.不填;不填二.精讲精练:不熟练的语法点的回顾代词是代替名词以及起名词作用的短语、分句和句子的词。代词可分以下九类:1.人称代词主格(在句中作主语)有:I,you,he,she,it,we,you,they宾格(在句中作宾语)有:me,you,him,her,it,us,you,them2.物主代词形容词性的物主代词(作定语)有:my,your,his,her,its,our,your,their名词性的物主代词(作主语、表语,宾语)有:mine,yours,his,hers,its,ours,yours,theirs3.反身代词(自身代词)有myself,herself,themselves等。4.相互代词有:eachother,oneanother5.提示代词有:this,that,these,those,those6.疑问代词(用来引导特殊疑问句)有who,what,whose等。7.关系代词(用来引导定语从句)有which,that,who等。8.连接代词(用来引导名词性从句)有:what,who,whose等。9.不定代词有:all,each,both,either,neither,one,any等。 10.不定代词指明代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词叫做不定代词。下面列出部分不定代词的用法比较:1.both和all:both指两者,all指三者以上。Bothoftheanswersareright.两个答案都对。Alltheanswersarecorrect.所有的答案都对。2.every和each:every指至少三个,强调共性,each可指小到两个,强调个体。Everyroomiscleanandtidy.每一个房间都很整洁。Eachstudentmaytrytwice.每个学生可以试两次。3.either和neither都是谈两个人或物:Eitheroftheanswersisright.两个答案都对。(either指两者当中任意一个)Neitheroftheanswersisright.两个答案都不对。(neither指两者都不是)4.some和anysome一般用于肯定句中,而any用于疑问句、否定句或条件句中:Arethereanystampsinthedrawer?抽屉里有邮票吗? Yes,therearesome.是的,有一些。◆注意,当某些疑问句表示请求、建议等肯定意义时,用some不用any:Wouldyoulikesometea?想喝点茶吗?5.noone和none:noone仅指人,none可指人或物。Noonefailedintheexamination.考试没有人不及格。Noneofthestudentsfailedintheexamination.没有一个学生考试不及格。----Haveyouanystring?你有绳子吗?----No,Ihavenone.没有。代词的练习一.填空1.Thisbikeismysister`s.Itbelongsto______(她的)。2.Thisisn`tmybook._______(我的)isinthebag.3.Theyquarrelledamong__________(他们).4.YouandIunderstand_________(彼此)perfectly.5.Ifthereare____(一些)newmagazinesinthelibrary,takesomeforme.二.单项选择1.______writerisbetterknowinChina,CharlesDickensorMarkTwain?A.WhichB.WhatC.EitherD.Whether2.Theywereallverytired,but_____ofthemwouldstoptohavearest.A.anyB.someC.noneD.neither3.Kateandhersisterwentonholidaywithacousinof______.A.theirB.theirsC.themD.themselves4.----Is________here?----No,BobandTimhaveaskedforleave.A.anybodyB.SomebodyC.everybodyD.nobody5.Wecouldn`teatinarestaurantbecause_____ofushad_______moneyonus.A.all;noB.any;noC.none;anyC.noone;any【参考答案】一填空:1.her2.mine3.themselves4.eachother5.any二单项选择:1.A2.C3.B4.C5.C6.a/anabook,apeachanegganhour7.Preposition:on,in,infrontof,between,nextto,near,beside,at, behind.表示时间:atsixo’clock,atChristmas,atbreakfastonMondayon15thJulyOnNationalDayintheeveninginDecemberinwinter8.基数词和序数词one–firsttwo-secondtwenty-twentieth9.Some/anyIhavesometoysinmybedroom.Doyouhaveanybrothersorsisters?10.be动词(1)Basicform:am/are/is(2)肯定和否定句Iam(not)fromLondon.Myeyesare(not)small.Myhairis(not)long.(3)一般疑问句:AmIaChniese?Yes,youare.No,youaren’t.AretheyAmerican?Yes,theyare.No,theyaren’t.Isthecatfat?Yes,itis.No,itisn’t.11.therebe结构肯定句:Thereisa…Thereare…一般疑问句:Isthere…?Yes,thereis./No,thereisn’t.Arethere…?Yes,thereare./No,therearen’t.否定句:Thereisn’t….Therearen’t….12.祈使句SitdownpleaseDon’tsitdown,please.13.现在进行时.通常用“now”.形式:be+verb+ingeg:Iam(not)doingmyhomework.You/We/Theyare(not)reading.He/She/Itis(not)eating.动词—ing的形式Mostverbs+ingwalk—walkingVerbsendingine-e+ingcome—comingShortverbsendinginavowel+aconsonantrun–runningswim—swimming 一、写出下列动词的现在分词:play________run__________swim_________make__________go_________like________    write_________ski___________read________have_________sing    ________dance_________put_________see________buy_________love____________live_______take_________come________    get_________stop_________sit________begin________shop___________二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空:1.Theboy__________________(draw)apicturenow.2.Listen.Somegirls_______________(sing)intheclassroom.3.Mymother_________________(cook)somenicefood    now.4.What_____you______(do)now?5.Look.They_______________(have)anEnglishlesson.6.They____________(not,water)theflowersnow.7.Look!thegirls________________(dance)intheclassroom.8.Whatisourgranddaughterdoing?She_________(listen)tomusic.    9.It’s    5    o’clocknow.We_____________(have)suppernow10.______Helen____________(wash)clothes?Yes,sheis.三、句型转换:1.Theyaredoinghousework.(分别改成一般疑问句和否定句)__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2.Thestudentsarecleaningtheclassroom.(改一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答)__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________3.I’mplayingthefootballintheplayground.(对划线部分进行提问)_________________________________________________________________4.Tomisreadingbooksinhisstudy.(对划线部分进行提问)14一般现在时。通常用“usually,often,everyday,sometimes”。形式:肯定句:Igotoschoolonfooteveryday.Shegoestoschoolonfooteveryday.一般疑问句:Doyoujumphigh?Yes,Ido./No,Idon’t.Doeshejumphigh?Yes,hedoes./No,he doesn’t.否定句:Wedon’tgotoschoolonSundays.Mymotherdoesn’tlikewatchingTVintheevening.1.be动词的变化。  否定句:主语+be+not+其它。  如:Heisnotaworker.他不是工人。  一般疑问句:Be+主语+其它。  如:-Areyouastudent?    -Yes.Iam./No,I"mnot.  特殊疑问句:疑问词+一般疑问句。如:Whereismybike?  2.行为动词的变化。  否定句:主语+don"t(doesn"t)+动词原形(+其它)。如:  Idon"tlikebread.  当主语为第三人称单数时,要用doesn"t构成否定句。如:  Hedoesn"toftenplay.  一般疑问句:Do(Does)+主语+动词原形+其它。如:  -Doyouoftenplayfootball?  -Yes,Ido./No,Idon"t.  当主语为第三人称单数时,要用does构成一般疑问句。如:  -Doesshegotoworkbybike?  -Yes,shedoes./No,shedoesn"t.  特殊疑问句:疑问词+一般疑问句。如:Howdoesyourfathergotowork?动词+s的变化规则1.一般情况下,直接加-s,如:cook-cooks,milk-milks2.以s.x.sh.ch.o结尾,加-es,如:guess-guesses,wash-washes,watch-watches,go-goes3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾,变y为i,再加-es,如:study-studies一般现在时用法专练:一、写出下列动词的第三人称单数drink________go_______stay________make________look_________have_______pass_______    carry____come________     watch______plant_______fly________study_______brush________do_________    teach_______二、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。1.Heoften________(have)dinnerathome.2.DanielandTommy_______(be)inClassOne.3.We_______(notwatch)TVonMonday.4.Nick_______(notgo)tothezooonSunday. 5.______they________(like)theWorldCup?6.What_______theyoften_______(do)onSaturdays?7._______yourparents_______(read)newspaperseveryday?8.Thegirl_______(teach)usEnglishonSundays.9.SheandI________(take)awalktogethereveryevening.10.There________(be)somewaterinthebottle.11.Mike_______(like)cooking.12.They_______(have)thesamehobby.13.Myaunt_______(look)afterherbabycarefully.14.Youalways_______(do)yourhomeworkwell.15.I_______(be)ill.I’mstayinginbed.16.She_______(go)toschoolfromMondaytoFriday.17.LiuTao_______(do)notlikePE.18.Thechildoften_______(watch)TVintheevening.19.SuHaiandSuYang_______(have)eightlessonsthisterm.20.    -Whatday_______(be)ittoday?-It’sSaturday.三、按照要求改写句子1.DanielwatchesTVeveryevening.(改为否定句)___________________________________________________2.Idomyhomeworkeveryday.(改为一般疑问句,作否定回答)________________________________________________________3.Shelikesmilk.(改为一般疑问句,作肯定回答)___________________________4.Amylikesplayingcomputergames.(改为一般疑问句,作否定回答)___________________________________________________5.Wegotoschooleverymorning.(改为否定句)_______________________________________________________6.HespeaksEnglishverywell.(改为否定句)___________________________________________________7.Iliketakingphotosinthepark.(对划线部分提问)________________________________________________________8.JohncomesfromCanada.(对划线部分提问)___________________________________________________9.Sheisalwaysagoodstudent.(改为一般疑问句,作否定回答)________________________________________________________10.SimonandDaniellikegoingskating.(改为否定句)___________________________________________________五、改错(划出错误的地方,将正确的写在横线上)1.Is    yourbrotherspeakEnglish?         __________________2.Doeshelikesgoingfishing?            __________________3.Helikesplaygamesafterclass.        __________________4.Mr.WuteachsusEnglish.               __________________5.Shedon’tdoherhomeworkonSundays._________________15.(情态)动词can,must,should后面直接用动词原形。eg:1.I/He/She/Theycansing.2.Youshouldkeepquietinthelibrary.16.一般过去时态(a)be动词的过去式:I/He/she/itwas(not)….You/we/theywere….一般疑问句was,were放在句首。(b)动词过去式:肯定句:Iwatchedcartoons.Shevisitedthezoo.一般疑问句:Didyoureadbooklastnight?Yes,Idid.No,Ididn’t.Didshecleanthedeskjustnow?Yes,shedid.No,shedidn’t.否定句:Theydidn’tgothethepartyesterday.Hedidn’tmakemodelshipslastweek.(3)动词过去式的变化:规则动词的变化:Mostverbs+edeg.planted,watered,climbed。Verbsendingine+degliked。Verbsendinginaconsonant+y--y+iedeg:study—studiedShortverbsendinginavowel+aconsonanteg:stop--stopped不规则动词的变化:is/am—was,are—were,do—did,have/has—had,make—made,fly-flew/u:/eat—ate,take—took,run—ran,sing—sang,drink—drank等等将来时一、概念:表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。句中一般有以下时间状语:tomorrow,nextday(week,month,year…),soon,thedayaftertomorrow(后天)等。二、基本结构:①begoingto+do;②will+do.三、否定句:在be动词(am,is,are)后加not或情态动词will后加not成won’t。例如:I’mgoingtohaveapicnicthisafternoon.→I’mnotgoingtohaveapicnicthis afternoon.四、一般疑问句:be或will提到句首,some改为any,and改为or,第一二人称互换。例如:Wearegoingtogoonanoutingthisweekend.→Areyougoingtogoonanoutingthisweekend?五、对划线部分提问。一般情况,一般将来时的对划线部分有三种情况。1.        问人。Who例如:I’mgoingtoNewYorksoon.→Who’sgoingtoNewYorksoon.2.        问干什么。What…do.例如:Myfatherisgoingtowatcharacewithmethis   afternoon.→Whatisyourfathergoingtodowithyouthisafternoon.3.       问什么时候。When.例如:She’sgoingtogotobedatnine.→Whenisshegoing    tobed?六、同义句:begoingto=willIamgoingtogoswimmingtomorrow(明天).=Iwillgoswimmingtomorrow.练习:填空。1.    我打算明天和朋友去野炊。I_____________________haveapicnicwithmyfriends.I________haveapicnicwithmyfriends.2.    下个星期一你打算去干嘛?我想去打篮球。What___________________________________________nextMonday?I__________________playbasketball.What_________youdonextMonday?I________playbasketball.3.          你妈妈这个周末去购物吗?是,她要去买一些水果。_____yourmother_______________goshoppingthis___________?Yes,she_________.She________________________buysomefruit.4.          你们打算什么时候见面。Whattime_______you___________________meet?改句子。5.          Nancyisgoingtogocamping.(改否定)Nancy________goingtogocamping.6.          I’llgoandjointhem.(改否定)I_______go______jointhem.7.          I’mgoingtogetupat6:30tomorrow.(改一般疑问句)_______________________togetupat6:30tomorrow?8.          Wewillmeetatthebusstopat10:30.(改一般疑问句)_______________meetatthebusstopat10:30.9.          Sheisgoingtolistentomusicafterschool.(对划线部分提问)_______________she_________________________afterschool?10.          Myfatherandmotheraregoingtoseeaplaythedayaftertomorrow.(同上)__________________goingtoseeaplaythedayaftertomorrow感叹句 由感叹词what引导的感叹句。  what修饰名词或名词短语,有以下两种形式:  1.What+a(an)+(形容词)+单数可数名词+主语+谓语!如:  Whatanapplethisis!  Whatafinedayitis!  2.What+(形容词)+可数名词复数或不可数名词+主语+谓语!  Whatkindwomentheyare!  Whatnicemusicitis!  由How引导的感叹句。  how用来修饰形容词、副词或动词。其结构是:How+形容词(副词)+主语+谓语!  Howhardtheworkerareworking!  Howcleverthegirlis!  Howquicklytheboyiswriting!  注意:当how修饰动词时,动词不跟着感叹词提到主语之前。  Howtherunnerruns!  what与how引导的感叹句,一般情况下可以相互转换,转换后意义不变。如:  Whataninterestingstoryitis!==Howinterestingthestoryis!  whatabeautifulbuldingitis!==Howbeautifulthebuildingis!  在口语中,感叹句的主语和谓语常常省略。如:  Whatanicepresent!(省略itis)  Howdisappointed!(省略sheis或其它可作本句主、谓的词语)用法  感叹句多以how或what引导,但在口语中,还有一些特殊的感叹句表达形式。  1.以副词here,there,in开头的感叹句。  Herecomesthebus!公共汽车来了!  Theretheyare!他们在那儿呢!  2.以疑问词who开头,表示惊奇。  Whoelsewillreadsuchabook!谁还会读这样的书!  3.以情态动词may开头,表示愿望。  Mayyoubothbehappy!祝二位幸福。  Mayyousucceed!祝你成功!  4.否定疑问句用作感叹句时,它的意义是肯定的;但肯定疑问句用作感叹句在美国英语中比较常见。  Aren’ttheysweet!他们多可爱啊!  AmIhungry!我饿极了!   5.一些短语用作感叹句。  Dearme!哎呀!Mygoodness!嗳呀!  Noneofyournonsense!不要胡说了!  6.一些作表语的成分用作感叹句。  Justmyluck!又倒霉了!  Sorry,mymistake!对不起,是我的错!感叹句如何变为间接引语  直接引语是感叹句时,若要变作间接引语,通常用引述动词tell,exclaim等。如:  ■“Whatabraveboyyouare!”shetoldhim.“你是一个多么勇敢的男孩子啊!”她告诉他说。  →Shetoldhimwhatabraveboyhewag.她告诉他说他是一个多么勇敢的男孩子。  ■Hesaid,“Hurrah!Myfriendiscome.”他说道,“乌拉!我的朋友来了。”  →Heexclaimedwithdelightthathisfriendhadcome.他欢呼他的朋友来了。(引述动词用exclaim,并加状语withdelight)  当然,也可用其他一些引述动词。如:  ■Hesaid,“Alas!HowfoolishIhavebeen!”他说道,“哎,我多傻啊!”  →Heconfessedwithregretthathehadbeenveryfoolish.他痛悔地承认他太傻了。(引述动词用confess加状语withregret)  ■“Whatacrimehehascommitted!”shesaid.“他犯了多大的罪啊!”她说道。  →Shedidn’tknowwhatacrimehehadcommitted.她不知道他犯了那么大的罪。(引述动词用know的否定式)  有时也可以不用引述动词,如:  ■“Howfastshecanrun!”hesays.“她竞能跑得那样快!”他说道。  →It’sincrediblehowfastshecanrun.她跑得如此之快令人不可置信。(用it’sincredible表示说话人的神情)  ■Hesaidtothemall,“Good-bye,myfriends!”他对他们说道,“再见,我的朋友们!”  →Hebadegood-byetoallhisfriends.他向他的所有朋友道别。(这里连间接引语也没有了)相关语法  关于感叹句what和how的区别:   一、由"what"引导的感叹句:"what"意为"多么"用作定语,修饰名词(被强调部分),单数可数名词前要加不定冠词a/an,复数可数名词或不可数名词前不用冠词。这类句子的结构形式是:  what+(a/an)+adj.+n.+主语+谓语+(itis).  如:①Whataclevergirlsheis!多么聪明的姑娘呀!  二、由"how"引导的感叹句:"how"意为"多么",用作状语,修饰形容词或副词(被强调部分)。如果修饰形容词,则句中的谓语动词用系动词;如果how修饰副词,则句中的谓语动词用行为动词,这类句子的结构形式是:  How+adj.(adv.)+主语+谓语+(itis).  如:①Howcolditistoday!  今天多么冷呀!  三、在表示同一意义时,英语感叹既可用"what"引导,也可用"how"引导。如:  ①Whatahotdayitis!  Howhotthedayis!  四、感叹句在表示激动强烈的感情时,口语中常常采用省略句,其后面的主语和谓语往往略去不讲。如:①Whatafineday!多么晴朗的天呀!感叹句练习:(当场做或家庭作业)Question:(A)1._______acleverboyheis!A.WhatB.HowC.What’s(B)2._______shedances!A.HowgoodB.HowwellC.Whatwell(B)3._______quiettheparkis!A.WhataB.HowC.Howa(B)4._____hisfatherworks!A.HowcarefulB.HowcarefullyC.Whatcareful (B)5._____noisytheyaremaking!A.WhatB.HowC.Howa(B)6.______delicioussoup!A.HowB.WhatC.Whata(A)7.______heavysnow!A.WhataB.WhatC.How(B)8.____oldbikeLiLeiisriding!A.WhataB.WhatanC.How(C)9.______excitingmomentitis!A.HowB.HowanC.Whatan(A)10.______supperwe’rehavingtoday!A.WhatadeliciousB.HowdeliciousC.Whatdelicious(C)11.________fineweatheritistoday!A.HowB.WhataC.What(C)12._____fasttheboysarerunning!A.WhatB.WhataC.How(A)13._______themooncakesare!A.HowdeliciousB.WhatdeliciousC.Whatadelicious(B)14.____surprisingnewsitis!A.HowB.WhatC.Whata(A)15.____timewe’rehavingtoday!A.WhatagoodB.HowgoodC.Whatgood ()16._______Imissyou!A.WhatB.HowC.Howdo()17.Look!______beautifulthatlakeis!A.HowB.WhatC.Whata()18.________slowlyTomruns!A.HowB.WhatC.Whata()19._____lovelythesnowlooks!A.WhatB.HowC.Whata()20.________usefulinformationitis!A.WhatanB.HowC.What()21._______beautifulflowerstheyare!A.HowB.WhatC.Whata()22._______lovelyagirlsheis!A.WhatB.HowC.Whata()23._______theylovetheircountry!A.WhatB.HowC.Whata()24._______longhairshehas!A.WhataB.WhatC.How()25._______beautifulmusicwearelisteningto!A.HowB.WhataC.What()26._______excitingafootballmatchitis!A.WhatB.HowC.Whatan ()27._______hard-workingChinesepeople!A.HowB.WhatC.Howdo()28._______alovelyview!A.IsitB.Isn’titC.Aren’tthey()29._______timetheyhadyesterday!A.HowwonderfulB.WhatwonderfulC.Whatawonderful()30.______worriedtheylooked!A.WhatB.HowC.HowareAnswers:1---5ABBBB6---10BABCA11---15CCABA16---20BAABC21---25BBBBC26—30BBBCBWhat问句(时间太紧张,不能在课堂上讲的就带回家看,有问题再辅导)1问年龄和名字1,----What’syourname?----你叫什么名字?----Mynameis________.----我叫……。2,----Howoldareyou?----你几岁了? ----I’m12.----我十二岁。II询问颜色。1,----Whatcolourisit?----它是什么颜色的?---It’syellowandwhite.----黄白相间。2,----Whatcolourarethey?----它们是什么颜色的?----They’regreen.----绿色的。III询问数量或价钱。1,----Howmanykitescanyousee?----你可以看见几只风筝?----Icansee12.----我可以看见十二只风筝。2,----Howmanycrayonsdoyouhave?----你有多少支彩笔?----Ihave16.----我有十六支。3,----Howmanypeoplearethereinyourfamily?----你家有几口人?----Three.----三口人。4,----Howmuchisthisdress?----这条连衣裙多少钱?----It’sninety-nineyuan.----九十九元。5,----Howmucharetheseapples?----这些苹果多少钱?----They’rethirty-fiveyuan.----三十五元。IV询问时间或日期。1,----Whattimeisitnow?----现在几点钟?----It’snineo’clock..It’stimeforEnglishclass.----九点。该上英语课了。(----It’seighto’clock.It’stimetogotobed.)(----八点。该上床睡觉了。)2,----Whatdayisittoday?----今天星期几?----It’sMonday.----星期一。(----WhatdowehaveonMondays?(----我们星期一上哪些课?----WehaveChinese,English,math…)----语文、英语、数学……)3,----Whenisyourbirthday?----你的生日是什么时候?----It’sOctober1st,ourNationalDay.----十月一日,国庆节。4,----Whendoyoudomorningexercises?----你们什么时候做早锻炼?----Iusuallydomorningexercisesat8:30.----我们通常8:30做早锻炼。V询问方位或地方。1,----Whereismytoycar?----我的玩具汽车在哪儿?----It’shere,underthechair.----在这儿,在椅子下面。2,----Whereisthecanteen?----餐厅在哪儿?----It’sonthefirstfloor.----在一楼。 3,----Wherearethekeys?----钥匙在哪儿?----They’reinthedoor.----在门上。4,----Excuseme.Whereisthelibrary,please?----对不起,请问图书馆在哪儿?----It’snearthepostoffice.----在邮局附近。5,----Whereareyoufrom?----你从哪儿来?----I’mfromChina.----我从中国来。6,----Wheredoestheraincomefrom?----雨是从哪儿来的?----Itcomesfromtheclouds.----它是从云层里来的。VI询问想吃的东西。1,----Whatwouldyoulikeforbreakfast/lunch/dinner?----你早餐/中餐/晚餐想吃点什么?----I’dlikesomebreadandmilk/riceandsoup.----我想吃面包和牛奶/米饭和汤。2,----What’sforbreakfast/lunch/dinner?----早餐/中餐/晚餐吃什么?----Hamburgersandorangejuice.----汉堡包和橙汁。VII询问天气状况。1,----What’stheweatherlikeinBeijing?----北京的天气如何?----It’srainytoday.HowaboutNewYork?----今天是雨天。纽约呢?----It’ssunnyandhot.----今天是晴天,天气很热。VIII询问身体状况或情绪。1,----Howdoyoufeel?----你感觉如何?----Ifeelsick.----我觉得不舒服。2,----What’sthematter?----怎么了?----Mythroatissore./Ihaveasorethroat.----我的喉咙疼。3,----Howareyou,Sarah?Youlooksohappy.----你好吗,莎拉?你看起来这么伤心。----Ifailedthemathtest.----我的数学考试没有通过。IX询问职业、身份或人物。1,----What’syourfather/mother?----你的父亲/母亲是做什么的?---He’sadoctor./She’sateacher.----他是一名医生。/她是一名教师。2,----Whatdoesyoumother/fatherdo?----你的母亲/父亲是做什么的?----She’saTVreporter./He’sateacher.HeteachesEnglish.----她是一名电视台记者。/他是一名教师。他教英语。 3,----Who’sthatman/woman?----那位男士/女士是谁?----He’smyfather./She’smymother.----他是我父亲。/她是我母亲。4,----Who’sthisboy/girl?----那个男孩儿/女孩儿是谁?----He’smybrother./She’smysister.----他是我兄弟。/她是我姐妹。5,----Who’syourartteacher?----你们的美术老师是谁?----MissWang.----王老师。----What’sshelike?----她长什么样儿?----She’syoungandthin.----她很年轻、苗条。X询问兴趣、喜好。1,----What’syourfavouritefood/drink?----你最喜欢的食物/饮料是什么?----Fish/orangejuice.----鱼。/橙汁。2,----What’syourfavouriteseason?----你最喜欢的季节是什么?----Winter.----冬天。(----Whichseasondoyoulikebest?(----你最喜欢哪个季节?----Winter.)----冬天。)---Whydoyoulikewinter?----你为什么喜欢冬天?----BecauseIcanmakeasnowman.----因为可以堆雪人。3,----What’syourhobby?----你的爱好是什么?----Ilikecollectingstamps.----我喜欢集邮。----What’shishobby?----他的爱好是什么?---Helikesridingabike.----他喜欢骑自行车。4,----Doyoulikepeaches?----你喜欢吃桃子吗?----Yes,Ido./No,Idon’t.----喜欢。/不喜欢。XI询问平时一般或通常做的事情。1,----WhatdoyoudoonSaturdays/ontheweekends?----你星期六/周末一般做什么?----Iusuallydomyhomework.SometimesIplayfootball.----我通常做作业,有时候踢足球。XII询问正在做的事情。1,----Whatareyoudoing?----你在做什么?----I’mdoingthedishes.----我在洗盘子。2,----What’syourfatherdoing?----你父亲正在做什么?----He’swritingane-mail.----他正在写电子邮件。3,---What’sMikedoing?----迈克正在干什么?----He’swatchinginsects.----他正在观察昆虫。4,----What’sthetigerdoing?----那只老虎在干什么? ----It’srunning.----它在奔跑。5,----Whataretheelephantsdoing?----那些大象在干什么?----They’redrinking.----它们正在喝水。XIII询问将要做的事情。1,----Whatareyougoingtodo?----你准备做什么?----I’mgoingtothecinema.----我准备去看电影。----Whenareyougoingtodo?----你准备什么时候去?----Thisafternoon.----今天下午。2,----Whereareyougoingthisafternoon?----今天下午你准备到哪儿去?----I’mgoingtothebookstore.----我准备到书店去。----Whatareyougoingtobuy?----你打算买点儿什么?----I’mgoingtobuyacomicbook.----我准备买本漫画书。