【5A版】初中英语语法-一般过去时(精华版).ppt 49页

一般过去时TheSimplePastTense3.结构1.概念2.时间主语+动词的过去式表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。yesterday(…)lastnightin1990(过去的年)twodaysagojustnow=amomentagonowpastfuture 句子结构主语+动词过去式+其它（+时间状语）注意：句子前面或是后面会有的时间状语：yesterday,lastnight,lastweekend,lastyear,justnow等。另外一种形式:IwasinBeijing.Theywereintheclassroom. be动词的一般过去时表示过去某个时间存在的状态，通常和ago,last,yesterday,thedaybeforeyesterday,justnow,amomentago或者具体的过去的日期、年代连用。一般过去时中主语是第一人称或者第三人称单数、名词的单数形式时，谓语动词用was。当主语是第二人称或者复数形式时，谓语动词用were。 Be动词一般过去时肯定句：主语+be动词（was/were）+其他Hewasverybusyyesterday.他昨天很忙。Shewasverysadlastweek.她上周很伤心。Theyweremyfriends.他们以前和我是朋友。Iwasintheclassroomyesterdaymorning．昨天早上我在教室里。HewasatschoollastTuesday．上周二他在学校。Theywereoverthereamomentago．刚才他们在那边。 Be动词一般过去时的否定句：主语+be动词（was/were）+not+其他Iwasnotathomelastnight.我昨天晚上不在家。Shewasnottallwhenshewasyoung.她小时候长的不高。WewerenotinShanghailastyear.我们去年不在上海。Iwasnot(＝wasn"t)hereyesterday．昨天我不在这儿。Myparentswerenot(＝weren"t)athomelastSunday．上周日我父母不在家。 Wasthemanathomeyesterday?No,hewasn’tathome.Hewasintheclassroom. Weretheyinthepark?Yes,theywere. Be动词一般过去时的特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+be动词（was/were）+主语+其他+？Wherewereyouyesterdayafternoon?你昨天下午去哪里了？Whatwasthereinthecupthen?那时，杯子里有什么？ ()1．Myfather＿＿＿＿＿＿illyesterday．A．isn"tB．aren"t  C．wasn"t  D．weren"t()2．＿＿＿＿＿＿yourparentsathomelastweek﹖    A．Is  B．Was    C．Are  D．Were()3．The  twins＿＿＿＿＿＿inDalian  lastyear．They＿＿＿＿＿＿herenow．A．are;were           B．were;are      C．was;are          D．were;wasCDB ()4．＿＿＿＿＿＿yourfatheratworktheday＿＿＿＿＿yesterday﹖    A．Was;before        B．Is;before      C．Was;after        D．Is;after  ()5．—WhowasondutylastFriday﹖    —＿＿＿＿＿＿．A．Iam            B．Iwas  C．Yes,Iwas        D．No,Iwasn"tAB 一、用be动词的适当形式填空I_______atschooljustnow.2.He________atthecamplastweek.3.We________studentstwoyearsago.4.They________onthefarmamomentago.5.YangLing________elevenyearsoldlastyear.6.There________anappleontheplateyesterday.7.There________somemilkinthefridgeonSunday.8.Themobilephone_______onthesofayesterdayevening.waswaswerewerewaswaswaswas 二、句型转换1.Itwasexciting.否定句：________________________________________________一般疑问句：____________________________________________肯、否定回答：__________________________________________2.Allthestudentswereveryexcited.否定句：________________________________________________一般疑问句：____________________________________________肯、否定回答：__________________________________________Itwasnotexciting.Wasitexciting?Yes,itwas.No,itwasnot.Allthestudentswerenotveryexcited.Wereallthestudentsveryexcited?Yes,theywere.No,theywerenot. 对比构成：一般现在时：主语+动词（原形或第三人称单数）+其他。IstudyEnglisheverymorning.现在进行时：be+动词-ing表示现在进行时。Wearedoingthehomeworknow.一般过去时：主语+动词过去式-ed+其它（+时间状语）IwenttoGuangzhouyesterday. 一般过去时的否定句:1、在表示过去的时间发生的动作句子中，要在动词的前面加助动词didn’t，然后把动词改为原形。即：didn’t+动词原形如：Sheswamintheriverlastweekend.Shedidn’tswimintheriverlastweekend.2、在动词为be的一般过去式的句子中，在was/were后面加not.即：was/werenot.Iwashappylastnight.Iwasn’thappylastnight. 一般疑问句：1、将did放在句首，其余位置不变，动词变为原形。JohnwatchedTVlastnight.DidJohnwatchTVlastnight?2、将be(was/were)放在句首,其余位置不变。Itwashotyesterday.Wasithotyesterday?肯定回答：Yes,…was/were.否定回答：No,…was/were.肯定回答：Yes,…did.否定回答：No,…didn’t. Didthemancookbreakfastthismorning?Yes,hedid. Didtheboyplaybasketballyesterdayafternoon?No,hedidn’tplaybasketball.Heplayedfootball. Didshe…?Yes,shedid.No,shedidn’t. washedsomeclothes Didshe..?Yes,shedid.No,shedidn’t. cleanedthehouse Didhe…?Yes,hedid.No,hedidn’t. sawafilmonTV 一般过去时的特殊疑问句：Whatdidyoudoyesterday?Wheredidtheydrawpicturesintheartroomintheafternoon?Whocleanedtheflooryesterday?WhendidJohngotoGuangzhou?Howdidtheygotoschool? Whatdidshedo? Shecookedabigmeal. Whatdidhedo? Hepaintedapicture. Whatdidshedo? Shemarkedthepupils’homework. WheredidyougolastSunday?IwenttoBaiyunHill. Whattimedidhegotoschoolthismorning?Hewenttoschoolateighto’clock. Whomarkedthepupils’homeworkyesterday?ShewasMissLinMissLin 动词过去式的构成规则动词regularverbs不规则动词irregularverbs 规则动词过去式的构成构成规则例词1、一般在动词原形末尾加–edlooklookedplayplayedstartstarted2、结尾是e的动词只加--dlivelivedhopehopeduseused3、末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词，先双写这个辅音字母，再加—edstopstoppedplanplannedtriptripped4、结尾是“辅音字母+y”的词，先变“y”为“i”再加—edstudystudiedcarrycarried 5想think→thought，买buy→bought6“抓”catch→caught“教学”teach→taught7.ow/aw改为ew建造build→built，花钱/时间spend→spent借给别人lend→lent，寄send→sent（装备）ought带着bring→brought，打仗fight→fought——aught是关键知道know→knew，长大grow→grew，扔throw→threw，画画draw→drew8结尾d变t： 1.过去式与原形一样：让let→let（你）放put→put(下）砍,剪cut→cut(刀）来读书read→read,（以免）受伤hurt→hurt,花钱cost→cost跑run→ran过来come→came坐下sit→sat，给give→gave（杯）喝drink→drank（的），开始begin→began唱歌sing→sang游泳swim→swam2.变元音字母为a:3.中间去e末尾加t：sleep→slept睡觉sweep→swept拖地keep→kept保持feel→felt感觉不规则动词表2.ride→rode骑(车)3.drive→drove开(车)”1.写write→wrote4.把i变成o 剩余不规则动词表InfinitivePastTenseam,isaredogohavemakegetInfinitivePastTenseeatsayseestandfindwasweredidwenthadmadegotatesaidsawstoodfound practiceam,isarebeginbringbuycutcome*dodrawdrinkdrive*eatfeelbuild*findfight*getgive*go*haveteachsingwaswerebeganbroughtboughtcutcamediddrewdrankdroveatefeltbuiltfoundfoughtgotgavewenthadtaughtsang growputreadrunsweep*seesitsleepspendcatchswimwritegrewputreadransweptsawsatsleptspentcaughtswamwrotelookplayhopeusestartlivestopplanstudycarrylookedplayedstartedlivedusedhopedstoppedplannedstudiedcarried 写出下列动词的过去式：help--call--prepare--love--worry--study--stop--skip--is--are--do--go--say--see--get--feel--have--helpedcalledpreparedlovedworriedstudiedstoppedskippedwasweredidwentsaidsawgotfelthad 闯关练习Hehereyesterday.(be)wasIupat6:00yesterdaymorning.(get)gotyouagoodtimelastSunday?(have)Didhave Myfatheroftentoworkbybuslastyear.(go)wentIoftentopopmusic3yearsago.(listen)listenedHeusuallyinthepoolin2002.(swim)swam 5.I____(see)afilmwithAnnyesterday.2.She_____(be)atschoolthismorning.4.He_____(donot)liveinGuangzhoubefore2000．1._____(be)youbusyyesterdayafternoon?3.JaneandAnn_____(benot)friendsbefore.Werewasweren’tdidn’tsaw 6.Didyou_____(call)melastSunday?8.Where_____(do)youlivelastyear?7.What______you_____(do)lastnight?9.Whattimedidyou______(get)upthismorning?10.How______you_______(go)toschoolbefore?calldiddodidgetdidgo I_____(be)illlastSunday.Amy_____(sit)hereyesterday.____you______(clean)yourroomjustnow.Mysister_____(be)bornonJune5.1996._____(be)yourparentsathomejustnow?He_______(study)Frenchherelastyear.She_____(do)homeworklastnight.They_____(go)tothezooyesterdaymorning.We_____(have)apartylastSaturday.Joy______(visit)meyesterdayevening.They______(live)heretwoyearsago.He_____(be)hereamomentago.wassatDidcleanwasWerestudieddidwenthadvisitedlivedwas升级练习 拓展练习1、Lucydidherhomeworkathomeyesterday.Lucy______________herhomeworkathomeyesterday.改否定句_____Lucy_____herhomeworkathomeyesterday?一般疑问句2、Iatesomemeatjustnow.I____________anymeatjustnow否定句_____you_____anymeatjustnow?一般疑问句didn’tdoDiddodidn’teatDideat改写句子：LucydoesherhomeworkathomeeverydayLucy______________herhomeworkathomeeveryday.______Lucy_____herhomeworkathomeeveryday?doesn’tDoesdodo 3.TheystayedthereforaweekThey___________thereforaweek______they_____thereforaweek?4.Therewassomeorangeinthecupyesterday.（Be动词出现）_______________orangeinthecupyesterday._____there_____orangeinthecupyesterday?didn’tstayDidstayTherewasn’tanyWasany 规则一般过去时并不难，主语+动词+时间。动词要用过去式，主语忽略不用管。*否定句超简单，didn‘t站在动词原形前，其它部分都不变。*一般疑问句也好变，did放在句子前，主语、动词原形、其它依次站。过去时态是重点，过去动词是关键，不规则动词是难点，要想掌握需多练总结：