【5A版】高中英语语法主谓一致公开课精华版.ppt 34页

主谓一致Subject-verbAgreement Studentswillcorrectsomemistakesonlearningpapers.2.trytograsptherulesofsubject-verbagreementbychallengingtheirmemory.3.developtheabilitytoputthegrammarrulesintopractice.LearningAims 主谓一致是指主语和谓语要保持人称和数上的一致，主语的“人称”和“数”决定谓语动词的变化。但是如果主语不是单一的，或主语名词的数比较特殊时，其主谓一致一般要根据语法一致＼意义一致＼就近原则． 原则概念例句语法一致原则指主语是单数形式，谓语动词用单数形式；主语是复数形式，谓语也用复数形式SteveEmberisagoodplayer．Childrenliketoys.意义一致原则指主语形式上为单数．但表示复数意义，谓语动词用复数形式；或主语形式上为复数．但表示单数意义,谓语动词用单数形式Myfamilyarehavinglunchnow．Newsistravellingfastnowadays．就近一致原则谓语动词用单数形式还是用复数形式取决于最靠近它的主语Thereisaknifeandtwoforksonthedesk．Eitheryouorheistogo． Challengeourmemory! 名词作主语时应注意的几个问题1.表时间，距离，金额，重量，数字等的复数名词作“整体”看时，。Twohoursisquiteenough.2.以-s结尾的名词作主语时，根据其意思来决定谓语动词的单复数。表学科的名词(physics)、书报名(theTimes)、国名(theUnitedStates)或组织名称(theUnitedNations)及news2)theOlympicGames谓语常用单数谓语常用单数谓语常用复数 TheOlympicGamesheldonceeveryfouryears.(be)are 1.“______twentydollarsabigsumtoher?”“Isupposeso.”(be)2.Threehours______enoughforustofinishthetask.(be)Isis His“SelectedPoems”______firstpublishedin1970.wasB.wereC.hadbeenD.havebeen 3.集体名词作主语时，视其意义来决定谓语动词的单复数：1)people,police,cattle等名词2)family,class,government，audience,class,committee,enemy等名词表示整体时，表其中的成员时，谓语常用复数谓语常用复数谓语常用单数 1.Hisfamily_____alwaysquarrellingamong______.A.is；itselfB.are；themselvesC.is；themselvesD.are；itself 4.有的名词表示的是由两个对称的部分构成的物品。如：trousers,glasses,shoes,gloves,shorts,scissors等，这类名词作主语时，。但如果其前有apairof,akindof修饰时，则应被看作谓语常用复数单数形式，谓语常用单数 5.名词有each,every,no修饰时,被and/or连接时，即使有多个并列的主语，仍看作。Eachboyandeachgirlwantstohaveaholiday.单数形式，谓语用单数B类问题 1.Everydeskandeverychair____madeofwood.(be)2.Noboyandnogirl___(be)intheclassroom.isis 1.以and连接的两个名词作主语时，Walkingandridingaregoodexercises.注意：当and连接的两个单数名词在意义上指的是同一人，物或概念时，。Theteacherandwriterispopularwithhisstudents.(区别：Theteacherandthewriterare…)二、由连词连接的名词或代词作主语时的主谓一致问题谓语用单数谓语用复数形式 2.就近一致：……or……either……or……neither…….nor……notonly……butalso……not……but……Therebe……连接的词作主语，谓语与靠近的主语一致，就近原则 1>.______youorhetoattendtomorrow’smeeting?(be)2>.Eitheryouorhe______mistaken.(be)3>.NeitherMarynorherparents_________inforrockmusic.(go)4>.There_____apenandsomebooksonthetable.(be)Are▲is▲go▲is▲ 3.就前一致:(即谓语动词与前面的中心词一致)名词A++名词B这样的结构做主语，1>.Theteacheraswellasherstudents________fondofpopularmusicverymuch.2>.AllbutTom_______________(know)thetruthsofar.with;togetherwith;alongwith；but;except;besides,including;aswellas;inadditionto,not;ratherthan;likeis-----------haveknown---谓语动词仅与A一致 4.+名词作主语时，1>.Onethirdofthestudentsinourclass_________girls.(be)2>.Seventypercentofthesurfaceoftheearth______coveredwith/bywater.分数+of;百分数+ofsomeof;partof;halfof;mostof;therestof;….----are--------------is-------------------------谓语动词取决于后面名词的数就后一致:(即谓语动词与后面的中心词一致) 1.any,either,neither,none,all,some等作主语时，Nowallchanged.haveAllsilentatthemeeting.be视其在句中的意义，谓语动词可用作单数或复数。hasare三、代词作主语时的主谓一致问题 2.不定代词(all指人除外)，manya＋名词单数,morethanone作主语时,但more+复数名词+thanone1.MorestudentsthanonehavegonethereUptonow.谓语用单数。谓语用复数。2.Manyaboyandgirl_____madethesamemistake.(have)3.Manyastudent____(like)popsongs.haslikes 找一找共同点：1>.Whatweneed_______hardwork.Whatweneed______suitablematerials.2>.Such________whathetoldme.Such_________hiswords.3>.Thefollowing______hisadviceonlearningEnglish.Thefollowing_______sometipstolearnEnglish.isarewaswereisareDiscussion 1）动名词、不定式或从句作主语时，谓语用定语从句的谓语和____________一致。但what引导的主语从句视后面的表语而定。Whatweneedtime.(be)Whatweneedbooks.(be)isare单数2)单复同形的名词，如：means,works等。Everymeanshasbeentried.Allmeanshavebeentried视其在句中的意义，谓语动词可用作单数或复数。 学案—特殊用法的总结特殊1：morethanone+单数名词manya+单数名词特殊2：alargequantity（amount)of+名词quantities(amounts)of+名词特殊3：and连接的两个主语指同一人/事物/概念特殊4：集合名词police,people,cattle特殊5：“the+形容词/过去分词”表示一类人，谓语用单数。谓语用单数。谓语用复数。谓语常用单数。谓语用单数。谓语用复数。谓语用复数。 1.Ourclass_______abigone.（be)Ourclass______fondofmusic.2.1>.Thetrousers_________mine.(be)2>.Thispairoftrousers____mine.类似地:Applesofthiskind______(sell)well.Thiskindofapples_______(sell)well.isare四、当堂检测areissellsells比一比 3.ThepopulationofChina_______farlargerthanthatofJapan.(be)EightypercentofthepopulationinChina________farmers.4.1>.Everymeans______beentriedtosolvetheproblem.(have)Allmeans_______beentriedtosolvetheproblem.isarehashave 5.1>.Theaged______beingcaredforinthecommunity.(be)2>Theagedman______beingcaredforinthecommunity.(be)6.1>.Asingeranddancer______beeninvitedtotheparty.（have)2>.Asingerandadancer________beeninvitedtotheparty.arehashaveis 7.Tomisoneoftheworkerswho______firedbythecompanylastweek.(be)Tomistheonlyoneoftheworkerswho____firedbythecompanylastweek.8.Alargequantityofwater________wastedeveryyear.(be)Largequantitiesofwater_______wastedeveryyear.werewasisare 1.Theblind____inspecialschools.A.isstudyingB.studiesC.studyD.hasstudied2.ThemuseumIhavevisited_____attheendofthestreet.A.standB.standsC.isstandingD.arestanding3.Threeweeks____notenoughformetowritethereport.A.isB.areC.hasD.have4.Largequantitiesofwater___neededforcoolingpurpose.A.isB.areC.hasD.have真题演练 5.Generally,students’innermotivationwithhighexpectationsfromothers_____essentialtotheirdevelopment.A.isB.areC.wasD.Were．6.Theuniversityestimatesthatlivingexpensesforinternationalstudents____around$8，450ayear,which___aburdenforsomeofthem.A．are；isB．are，areC．is，areD．is，is 7.Thefamousmusician,aswellashisstudents,____toperformattheopeningceremonyofthe2012TaipeiFlowerExpo.A.wereinvitedB.wasinvitedC.havebeeninvitedD.hasbeeninvited 21.A。【句意】一般说来，他人对其期望值高的学生的内在动机对自身的发展是至关重要的。分析句子结构，主语为students’innermotivationwithhighexpectationsfromothers，中心词为innermotivation，显然为第三人称单数。再根据generally（一般说来），可见讲通常情况，所以用一般现在时。33.A。【句意】这所大学估算国际学生的生活费用大约一年8450美元，这对一些国际学生来说是一种负担。forinternationalstudents修饰主语的中心语thelivingexpenses，谓语动词要选are，排除C、D；which在从句中从当主语指代$8450ayear，以及aburden可判断出后一个空格选择is。23.B。【句意】这个著名的音乐家和他的学生被邀请在2012年的台北花展上演出。 用主谓一致部分内容造句。如：therebe,morethanone,and,people,quantitiesof,what,all,manya,someof,就近原则（就前/就后原则）smog 1.Lookthroughyourlearningpapers,payattentiontothedifficultiesyouthink.2.TrytoremembertheruleslearnttodayandusetheminlearningpapersP.3-4.3.trytoconnectyoursentencesbyusingsomewordsorphrases,suchasalso,besides,asidefrom...Homework