pep小学英语语法要点 12页

PEP小学英语语法要点一、一般现在时：1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如：Theskyisblue.天空是蓝色的。Heisaboy他是个男孩shehaslonghair.她有长头发2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如：Igetupatsixeveryday.我每天六点起床。一般的时间词有：often,sometimes,everyday,usually一般现在时的构成1.be动词：主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。如：　Iamaboy.我是一个男孩。Heisastudent.他是一个学生2.行为动词：主语+行为动词(+其它)。如：　WestudyEnglish.我们学习英语。当主语为第三人称单数(he,she,it)时，要在动词后加"-s"或"-es"。如：MarylikesChinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。一般现在时的变化be动词的变化。否定句：主语+be+not+其它。如：Heisnotaworker.他不是工人。一般疑问句：Be+主语+其它。如：-Areyouastudent?-Yes.Iam./No,I"mnot.特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：Whereismybike?2.行为动词的变化。否定句：主语+don"t(doesn"t)+动词原形(+其它)。如：Idon"tlike12 bread.当主语为第三人称单数时，要用doesn"t构成否定句。如：Hedoesn"toftenplay.一般疑问句：Do(Does)+主语+动词原形+其它。如：-Doyouoftenplayfootball?-Yes,Ido./No,Idon"t.当主语为第三人称单数时，要用does构成一般疑问句。如：-Doesshegotoworkbybike?-Yes,shedoes./No,shedoesn"t.特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：Howdoesyourfathergotowork?动词+s的变化规则1．一般情况下，直接加-s，如：cook-cooks,milk-milks2．以s.x.sh.ch.o结尾，加-es，如：guess-guesses,wash-washes,watch-watches,go-goes3．以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i,再加-es，如：study-studies现在进行时1．现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作，也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。Heistakingpictures.2．现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为be+动词ing.Themonkeyisswinging.Sheiscookingdinner.heisdoinghishomeworknow．现在进行时的否定句在be后加not。Sheisnottakingpictures.Heisn’tclimbingmoutains.4．现在进行时的一般疑问句把be动词调到句首。Ishereadingabook?Istherabbitrunning?5．现在进行时的特殊疑问的基本结构为：疑问词+be+主语+动词ing?但疑问词当主语时其结构为：问词+be+12 动词ing?动词加ing的变化规则1．一般情况下，直接加ing，如：cook-cooking2．以不发音的e结尾，去e加ing，如：make-making,taste-tastingtake-taking．如果末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母，双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing，如：run-running,stop-stoppingswim-swimming将来时理论一、概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。句中一般有以下时间状语：tomorrow,nextday(week,month,year…),soon,thedayaftertomorrow（后天）等。二、基本结构：①begoingto+do；wuyifanisgoingtovisithisgrandparentsnextweekend.amyisgoingtoclimbmountainstomorrow.②will+do.Hewillgoshoppingthisafternoon.Hewillgotoshanghainextmonth.三、否定句：在be动词（am,is,are）l后加not或情态动词will后加not成won’t。12 一般过去时1．一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用。一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作感谢。如：yesterday,last(weekend,month,year…)beusedto2．Be动词在一般过去时中的变化：⑴am和is在一般过去时中变为was。（wasnot=wasn’t）⑵are在一般过去时中变为were。（werenot=weren’t）⑶带有was或were的句子，其否定、疑问的变化和is,am,are一样，即否定句在was或were后加not，一般疑问句把was或were调到句首。3．句中没有be动词的一般过去时的句子否定句：didn’t+动词原形，如：Jimdidn’tgohomeyesterday.一般疑问句：在句首加did，句子中的动词过去式变回原形。如：DidJimgohomeyesterday?特殊疑问句：⑴疑问词+did+主语+动词原形？如：WhatdidJimdoyesterday?⑵疑问词当主语时：疑问词+动词过去式？如：Whowenttohomeyesterday?动词过去式变化规则：1．一般在动词末尾加-ed，如：pull-pulled,cook-cooked12 2．结尾是e加d，如：taste-tasted3．末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加-ed，如：stop-stopped4．以“辅音字母+y”结尾的，变y为i，再加-ed，如：study-studied5．不规则动词过去式：am,is-was,are-were,do-did,see-saw,say-said,give-gave,get-got,go-went,come-came,have-had,eat-ate,take-took,run-ran,sing-sang,put-put,make-made,read-read,write-wrote,draw-drew,drink-drank,fly-flew,ride-rode,speak-spoke,sweep-swept,swim-swam,sit-satteach-taughtswim-swam形容词比较级复习1、形容词比较级在句子中的运用：两个事物或人的比较用比较级，比较级后面一般带有单词than。比较级前面可以用more,alittle来修饰表示程度。than后的人称代词用主格（口语中可用宾格）。2．形容词加er的规则：⑴一般在词尾加er；short-shortersmall-smaller⑵以字母e结尾，加r；fine-finerlate-later⑶以一个元音字母和一个辅音字母结尾，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加er；big-biggerthin-thinnerfat-fatter⑷以“辅音字母+y”结尾，先把y变i，再加er。easy-easierheavy-heavierearly-earlier3．不规则形容词比较级：good-better,beautiful-morebeautiful12 Therebe句型与have,has的区别1、Therebe句型表示：在某地有某物（或人）2、在therebe句型中，主语是单数，be动词用is;主语是复数，be动词用are;如有几件物品，be动词根据最*近be动词的那个名词决定。3、therebe句型的否定句在be动词后加not,一般疑问句把be动词调到句首。4、therebe句型与have(has)的区别：therebe表示在某地有某物（或人）；have(has)表示某人拥有某物。5、some和any在therebe句型中的运用：some用于肯定句，any用于否定句或疑问句。12 练习二、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。1.Heoften________(have)dinnerathome.2.DanielandTommy_______(be)inClassOne.3.______they________(like)theWorldCup?4.What_______theyoften_______(do)onSaturdays?5._______yourparents_______(read)newspaperseveryday?6.Thegirl_______(teach)usEnglishonSundays.7.Mike_______(like)cooking.8.They_______(have)thesamehobby.9.Youalways_______(do)yourhomeworkwell.10.I_______(be)ill.I’mstayinginbed.11.She_______(go)toschoolfromMondaytoFriday.12.LiuTao_______(do)notlikePE.13.Thechildoften_______(watch)TVintheevening.14.SuHaiandSuYang_______(have)eightlessonsthisterm.15.－Whatday_______(be)ittoday?16、Theboy__________________(draw)apicturenow.17、Listen.Somegirls_______________(sing)intheclassroom.18.Mymother_________________(cook)somenicefoodnow.19、What_____you______(do)12 now?20、.Look.They_______________(have)anEnglishlesson.21.They____________(not,water)theflowersnow.22.Look!thegirls________________(dance)intheclassroom.23.Whatisourgranddaughterdoing?She_________(listen)tomusic.24.It’s5o’clocknow.We_____________(have)suppernow25.______Helen____________(wash)clothes?Yes,sheis.26、Mybrother_______(go)toShanghainextweek.27、Tomoften_____(go)toschoolonfoot.Buttodayisrain.He______(go)toschoolbybike.28、Whatdoyouusuallydoatweekends?Iusually_________(watch)TVand____________(catch)insects?29、What_______(d0)youdolastSunday?I__________(pick)applesonafarm.30、Mary____________(visit)hergrandparentstomorrow.31、LiuTao____________(fly)kitesintheplaygroundyesterday.32、David______________(give)apuppetshownextMonday.33、He_________(live)inWuxitwoyearsago.34Thecat________(eat)abirdlastnight.12 35、It’sseveno’clock.I_______(get)upnow.36________you________(go)toschooleveryday?37、Don’t________(run)intheschoolnow.38、We___________(like)music.Nowwe_______(sing)39、Letme____________(go)tothecinema.40、Look,MissWhite________(have)aEnglishlesson.We_______(like)English.41、Therunners__________(run)everymorning.42、Ican________(listen)totheradioonSunday.43、It______(be)Ben’sbirthdaylastFriday.44、Weall____(have)agoodtimelastnight.45、He________(jump)highonlastSportsDay.46.Shelikes______newspapers,butshe______abookyesterday.(read)47.Jim’smother_________(plant)treesjustnow.48.It_____(be)the2ndofNovemberyesterday.MrWhite________(go)tohisofficebycar.49.GaoShan________(put)thebookonhisheadamomentago.50.Don’t______thehouse.Mum_______ityesterday.(clean)51.She____(be)aprettygirl.Look,she_____(do)Chinesedances.52.Thestudentsoften______(draw)somepicturesintheartroom.12 52、Mybrotheristwoyears_________(old)thanme.53.Tomisas________(fat)asJim.54.Isyoursister__________(young)thanyou?Yes,sheis.55.Whois___________(thin),youorHelen?Helenis.56.Whosepencil-boxis__________(big),yoursorhers?Hersis.57.Fangfangisnotas_________(tall)astheothergirls.58.Myeyesare__________(big)than________(she)..59.Whichis___________(heavy),theelephantorthepig?60.Whogetsup_________(early),TimorTom?61.____thegirlsgetup______(early)thantheboys?No,they______.62、Thatisnot_____kite.Thatkiteisverysmall,but______isverybig.(I)63、Thedressis_________.Giveitto_________.(she)64、Isthis_________watch?(you)No,it’snot_________.(I)65、_________ismybrother._________nameisJack.Look!Thosestampsare_________.(he)66、Herearemanydolls,whichoneis_________?(she)67、Show_________yourkite,OK?(they)68、Ihaveabeautifulcat._________nameisMimi.Thesecakesare_________.(it))70、Shall_________havealookatthatclassroom?12 Thatis_________classroom.(we)71、______ismyaunt.Doyouknow_________job?_________anurse.(she)72、Thatisnot_________camera._________isathome.(he)73、.____sisterisill.Pleasegoandget_____.(she)74、.Ilike___verymuch.(he)75.I___aboy.______youaboy?No,I_____not.76、Thegirl______Jack"ssister.77.Where_____yourmother?She______athome.78、MikeandLiuTao______atschool.79.Whosesocks______they?80、Who______I?81.Thejeans______onthedesk.82.There______someapplesonthetree.83._______thereanykitesintheclassroom?用dodoes填空84、_____yourideabikeafterschool?Yes,I________85、______yoursisterlikePE?No,she______not.86、What_______thestudentshave?Theyhavesomepens.87、How______Lindagotoschool?Shegoestoschoolonfoot.88、He______notspeakEnglish.HespeaksCjinese.89、______theywatchTVonSundays?Yes,they______.90、Myfatherandmother___notreadnewspapersonSaturday.91、Mymother______not______(like)English.She_______(like)12 Chinese.92、______you______(go)toschoolbybus?No,I_____(go)toschoolbycar.93、MissWang______(swim)everyday.94、I_____(like)English.Tom____________________(notlike)English.95、We________________(have)anEnglishclass.96、What________they______(do)?They_______________(sit)inthepark.97、Mymother__________________(clean)theroomnow.98、I________(go)tothecinemalastSaturday.99、He______(is)illyesterday.100、We_______(have)alessonyesterday.12