人版七年级（上册）英语语法和练习12880 15页

...七年级上册英语语法和练习一、代词1、人称代词和物主代词英语的人称代词有三种不同的人称形式：第一人称；第二人称；第三人称。三种人称又各有单、复数形式。在上列人称代词的不同形式中，还包含了主格、宾格两种“格”的形式。这样，从“格”的形式来划分，英语的人称代词又可归纳为：主格：I，you，he，she，it，we，you，they宾格：me，you，him，her，it，us，you，them此外，还有所有格形式。属格：my，mine，your，yours，his，her，hers，its，our，ours，their，theirs属格又可分为两类：一类是形容词性物主代词（my，your，his，her，its，our，their）即“物主限定词”；另一类是名词性物主代词（mine，yours，his，hers，ours，theirs），即“物主代词”。人称代词第一人称第二人称第三人称单数复数单数复数单数复数主格Iweyouyousheheitthey宾格meusyouyouherhimitthem物主代词形物代myouryouryourherhisitstheir名物代mineoursyoursyourshers/his/itstheirs人称代词用法：（1）人称代词主格：做主语，表示谁怎么样了，干什么了。Iamateacher.Youarestudent.Heisastudent,too.We/You/Theyarestudent.（2）人称代词宾格：作宾语，表示动作行为的对象，一般放在动词的后面。Giveittome.Let’sgo.(let’s=letus)（3）形容词性物主代词（my/your/his/her/its/our/their）+名词。（4）而名词性物主代词（mine/yours/his/hers/its/ours/theirs）则相当于形容词性物主代词+名词，故其后不必加名词。如：-Isthisyourbook?-No,itisn’t,it’shers(herbook).[it’sJim’s,it’sTom’s.......]名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+名词　　为避免重复使用名词，有时可用“名词性物主代词”来代替“形容词性物主代词+名词”的形式。例：Mybagisyellow,herbagisred,hisbagisblueandyourbagispink.为避免重复使用bag，可写成Mybagisyellow,hersisred,hisisblueandyoursispink.练习：1.________(我)amateacher.WORD格式可编辑版 ...2.Myfatheristalkingwith_______(我).3.Thisis_______(我的)book.4._______(他的)chairisblue.5._______(我们的)classroomisbig.6._______(他)oftenplaysbasketballafterschool.7._______(他的)teacherisgood.8._______(我们)buyapairofshoesfor_______(他).9.Pleasepass_____(我们)theball.10._______(他们)arelisteningtotheradio.11.________(我)amateacher.12.Thisis_______(她的)bag.Thatis__________(他的)13._______(他的)capisblue._____________(我们的)areyellow.14.Ourchairisbetterthan_________(they).15.Iwillgivethepresentsto________(they).16.Thesebooksare________(I),andthoseare____(you).17.Myrulerislong.________(you)isshort.18.Mybikeisbroken.MayIborrow______(she)?19.Canyoushow_______(I)yourbook?20.It’stimefor______(they)togohome.21.Mr.Greenoftentells_______(we)somestories.22.Thesearenotyourdesks.Theyare_____(our).23.Thisisnotmyshirt.It’s_______(he)24.Isaw________(she)intheshopyesterday.人称代词和物主代词练习：（一）用代词的适当形式填空。1．Thereisaletterfor________(her、hers)mother.2．Thatis_____(she)coat.Thecoatisred.  ___(it)isanewone.3．Whosepensarethese?_______(their)are______(we).4．Give_______(he)atoy,please.5．________(we)eyesareblack.6．TimandBillaretwins._________(them)parentsareteachers.7．Givethebookto__________(I).8．Thesebooksare__________(we).9．Thatisnot_________kite.Thatkiteisverysmall,but_________isverybig.(I)10．Thedressis_________.Giveitto_________.(she)11．Isthis_________watch?(you)No,it’snot_________.(I)12．______ismybrother._____nameisJack.Look!Thosestampsare_____.(he)2、指示代词（1）this“这”,其复数形式these“这些”,指代近处的人或物体;（2）that“那”,其复数形式those“那些”,指代远处的人或物。3、指示代词thisthatthesethose作主语,一般疑问句的简略回答（1）Isthis/thatyouraunt?Yes,itis.No,itisn’t.WORD格式可编辑版 ...简略回答时,用主格代词it代替（2）Arethese/thoseyouruncles?Yes,theyare.No,theyaren’t.简略回答时,用主格代词they代替用所给的词选择填空1、Thesearepensand____arepencils.(that,this,those)2、Tomwassickyesterday.______iswhyhemissedschool.(That,Those,These)3、Whichof______shirtsareTom"s(These,this,that)4、Thisdeskismine,______ishers.(those,this,that)5、ThemapofBeijingisbetterthan______ofTianjing.(this,that,these).二、名词名词:名词分为可数名词和不可数名词。1、不可数名词:表示的事物,其数量不可以数清或者难以数清。例如:lwater“水”,“水”的数量不可以数清;rice“大米,谷粒”,其数量难以数清。不可数名词用法上有两大特点:l(1)、没有复数形式;l(2)、不能用不定冠词a/an、基数词、many修饰。2、可数名词:表示的事物,其数量可以数清。可数名词用法上的特点:l(1)、有单数、复数两种形式;l(2)、能用不定冠词a/an、基数词、many修饰。3、单数名词后加s或es变成复数名词。单数名词后加s或es的方法如下:l(1)、一般情况,名词后直接加s(清辅音后读/s/,浊辅音后读/z/)例如:parents“双亲”;aunts“阿姨”;friends“朋友”l(2)、以字母e结尾的名词,直接加s(读/z/)例如:uncles“叔叔”;pictures“图画”l(3)、以字母O结尾的名词,有的加s,有的加es(读/z/)例如:photos“照片”;tomatoes“西红柿”;l(4)、以“辅音字母+y”结尾的名词,变y为i,加es(读/z/)例如:family→families;party→partiesl(5)、以sxchsh结尾名词,直接加es(读/Iz/)例如:buses“公共汽车”boxes“盒子”wishes“希望”watches“手表”l(6)、少数名词的复数形式是不规则的,有特殊形式。man→menwoman→womenpeople→peoplechild—childrenl(7)knife的复数形式是knivesl4、名词所有格:表示“某人的”,名词+’或’s构成。其规则如下:l(1)、一般情况下,名词后直接加’s:Jim’s(吉姆的);mymother’s(我的母亲的)l2、以s结尾的复数名词,直接加’:myfriends’(我的朋友的);hisstudents’l3、一个人或物属各自所有，或者几个人共有,变成所有格。lJim’sandKate’saunts吉姆的阿姨和凯特的阿姨lJimandKate’sbirthday吉姆和凯特(共有)的生日一、写出下列词的复数形式WORD格式可编辑版 ...am_________is_________he_________she_______it________that_________this_________you_________pen_________desk_________key_________orange_______boy_________friend_________parent_________class_________child______shelf_________bed_________radio_______photo_______tomato_______woman_________man_________strawberry_________dictionary_________box_________watch_________二、选择填空()1.There____onthewall.Theyareverybeautiful.A.arephotoesB.arephotosC.isaphotoD.isphotos()2.Theoldmanwants_________.A.sixboxesofapplesB.sixboxesofappleC.sixboxofapplesD.sixboxsofapples()3.There_________two_________inthebox.A.is,watchB.are,watchesC.are,watchD.is,watches()4.The____meetingroomisnearthereadingroom.A.teacherB.teacher’sC.teachers’D.teachers()5.___shirtiswhite.A.MybrotherB.MybrothersC.Mybrother’sD.Mybrothers’()6.TodayisSeptember10th.Itis____Day.A.TeachersB.Teachers’C.theTeachers’D.Teacher’s()7.It"sJune1st,it"s_______Day.A.ChildrensB.Children‘s　C.Childrens"D.Childrens"s()8.Thisyear,_______isonMay9th.A.mymother"sbirthdayB.mymothers"brithday　C.mymothersbirthdayD.mymothers"sbirthday()9.Thisis___.A.MikeandJim"sbike　B.Mike"sandJimbikeC.Mike"sandJim"sbikeD.MikeandJimbike三、变换句型（把下列句子变为复数句）。lThisismyfriend.l2.Thisisatable.l3.Thatisherbrother.l4.Thisisabook.l5.Thatisaneraser.l6.Itisaredorange.l7.Heisateacher.WORD格式可编辑版 ...l8.What’sthis?　　　四、按中文意思填空l1._____________(李明的)parentsworkinabighospital.l2.Thisis________(我妹妹的)Chinesebook.l3.____________(我的姐姐和弟弟的)roomsareverynice.l4.___________(王平和王明的)fatherisahotelmanager.l5.Isthis_________________(你的好朋友的)pen?l6.Theyare_________________(Peter和Sam的)teachers.l7._____________(教师节)isonSeptember10th..l8.____________(学生们的)desksandchairsareverynew.l9._____________(赵敏的)shoesarewhite.l10._____________(John和Sally的)mothersareAmerican.l11.________________(Tony哥哥的)computerisbroken.l12、It’s_______________(妇女节)onMarch8th.三、冠词只有不定冠词a(an)和定冠词the三个，不用冠词叫零冠词。1、不定冠词a和an：a用在辅音前，如apenachairan用在元音前anoldteacheranEnglishbook注意辅音字母第一个音是元音的情况：Ff,Hh,Ll,Mm,Nn,Ss,Xx这七个字母的第一个音是元音在说一个字母时要用an,如an“F”(一个F)同时注意字母U,它是元音字母，但它的第一个音是辅音，因此说一个U，应为a“U”2、定冠词the：当一个名词第二次出现时前面用the。注意在三餐饭（breakfast、lunch、dinner）前不用the,月份和星期前都不用the,体育活动的球类运动前面不用the。如:havedinnerinJanuaryDecemberSundayplaybasketballplaytennis(volleyballsoccerPingPongchessbaseball)3、如单数可数名词前有this、that、my等代词修饰时，则不再使用a或an。冠词练习l()1.Thereis_______artroominthebuilding.A.aB.anC.theD./l()2.----Whatcoloris_____orange?---It’s____orange.A.an,theB./,anC.an,/D./,thel()3.Thereis___“u”and___“s”intheword“rulers”.A.a,aB.an,aC.a,anD.an,anl()4.It’snot____Englishbook.A.aB.anC.theD./l()5.Ihave___veryinterestingbook.Itisabout___excitinggame.A.an,theB.the,aC.a,anD.a,al()6．Isthatyour______?　A．apictureB．pictureWORD格式可编辑版 ...C．picturesD．nicepicturesl()7．Are___Kate’s___?A．this,bookB．that，bookC．these，booksD．those，bookl()8.That’s_________artbook.A.anB.aC.theDare四、数词l1、基数词onetwothreefourfivesixseveneightnineteneleventwelvethirteenfourteenl2、序数词firstsecondthirdfourthfifthsixthseventheighthninthtenthl口诀：默写数词练习1、MrGreenhas______(two)daughters.2、KateisMrGreen’s_____(one)daughter.3、Thereare______(twelve)monthsinayear.4、Marchisthe_______(three)monthofayear.5、Theyhave_____(twenty)computers.6、Icanafford_______(eight)sweaters.7、MrGreen’s______(nine)storeisverybig.8、----Howoldisyourfriend?----Sheis_______(12)yearsold..9、----Howoldisherfather?----Heis_______(30)yearsold.10.Januarythe_______monthofayear.11、Februarythe_______monthofayear.12、Aprilthe_______monthofayear.13、Maythe_______monthofayear.14、Augustthe_______monthofayear.15、Decemberthe_______monthofayear.五、介词介词：本册的介词较少，主要用在介词短语里面，如lon：onsale(销售)onApril8th,(在四月八日)onthedesk(在桌子上)onTV(在电视上)lin：inEnglish(用英语)intheafternoon(在下午)inthecasebox(在盒子里)T-shirtinred(红色T恤)inSeptember(在九月)beinourschoolmusicfestival（参加我们学校的音乐节）lat：callsb.at3356(拨打3356找某人)atyourschool(在你们学校里)atHuaxingClothesStore（在华兴服装店）ataverygoodprice(以非常优惠的价格)atsix(六点钟)havealookat(看一看)lof：asetof(一串…)thephotoofyourfamily(你的全家照)lotsof=alotof(许多)WORD格式可编辑版 ...dateofbirth（birthday）(生日)lwith：withsb.(同某人一起)begoodwith(和…相处得好)helpsb.withsth.(帮助某人做某事)lfor：thanksfor=thankyoufor(谢谢某人的….)bagforsports(运动包)pantsfor$30(卖30元的裤子)seeforyourself(亲自看看)forgirls(对女孩子来说)likesth.forlunch(喜欢吃……当作午餐)labout：aboutChinesehistory(有关中国历史)lunder：underthedesk(在桌子下面)六、形容词本册所学的形容词不多，注意拼法和反义词lbig(small)long(short)sad(happy)boring(interestingfunny)excitingdifficultrelaxinggreathealthyold(new)white(black)七、副词●副词：除疑问副词外，本册的副词有onlytooverywelloftenalsoreally副词onlyoftenalsoreally等在句中的位置都是在行为动词前面或是系动词的后面。注意几组词的区别：1、too和also：too一般放在句子的末尾，also在行为动词前面或是系动词的后面。2、well和good：两个词都有“好”的意思，但well是副词，而good是形容词，well修饰动词，放在动词的后面，good修饰名词，放在名词的前面。如playbasketballwellspeakEnglishwellagoodstudentGoodmorning八、连词连词：本册所学连词有andbutorthen●and连接两个词或两个句子，表示前后的句子意思顺接。如：IlikethrillersandIlikeactionmovies●but连接两个句子，表示后面意思转折。如：Helikestomatoesbutshedoesn’tlikepotatoes.●or表示选择关系。如：Canyouplaythepianoortheviolin?●then表示动作的先后顺序。九、动词及句型转换l1、动词的种类(四类)l（1）系动词：如be动词(isamare)；become，sound等l（2）情态动词如can、may、need；l（3）助动词（dodoes）；l（4）行为动词如take、bring、eat、have(has)、like、sell、buy、play、see、go、watch等l2、动词的第三人称单数（与名词的复数一样）l如eat(eats)take(takes)buy(buys)play(plays)have(has)is(are)WORD格式可编辑版 ...l3、动词的时态（一般现在时）l（1）含有be动词的l有be动词的句子在变一般疑问句时，将be动词放到句首，（注意第一人称变为第二人称)AreyouaChineseboy?Isshetwelve?IsheTim’sbrother?l含有be动词的句子在变否定句时只须在“be动词后+not”，注意：some→anyand→orI’mnotaChineseboy.Sheisn’ttwelve.HeisnotTim’sbtother.l(2)含有情态动词的句子（can等，以can为例）,Shecanplaybasketball.Hismother’scousincansingmanyEnglishsongs.l含有情态动词的句子在变一般疑问句时只须将“情态动词放到句首”，Cansheplaybasketball?Canhismother’scousinsingmanyEnglishsongs?l含有情态动词的句子在变否定句时直接在情态动词的后边加上not。l注意：some→anyand→or例：Shecannotplaybasketball.Hismother’scousincannotsingmanyEnglishsongs.l(3)含有行为动词的句子Wehavemanyfriends.TheywatchTVat7intheevening.Thestudentstaketheirbookstoschool.①含有行为动词的句子在变一般疑问句时要在原句子的前面加do.Doyouhavemanyfriends?DotheywatchTVat7intheevening?Dothestudentstaketheirbookstoschool?②含有行为动词的句子在变否定句时只须在行为动词前加don’t.注意：some→anyand→orWedon’thavemanyfriends.Theydon’twatchTVat7intheevening.Thestudentsdon’ttaketheirbookstoschool.③含有行为动词的句子，当主语是第三人称单数时，行为动词要加s(或es)如：Shehasaredpen.Hehaseggsforbreakfast.Hermotherbuysaskirtforher.l含有行为动词的句子，当主语是第三人称单数时，变一般疑问句要“加does,行为动词要还原”。注意：some→anyDoesshehavearedpen?Doeshehaveeggsforbreakfast?WORD格式可编辑版 ...Doeshermotherbuyaskirtforher?l含行为动词的句子，当主语是第三人称单数时，变否定句时“在行为动词前面加doesn’t,同时原行为动词要还原”。注意：some→anyand→orShedoesn’thavearedpen.Hedoesn’thaveeggsforbreakfast.l练习(1)、在下面的题目中填上恰当的Be动词。1.I________Kitty.2.She_______astudent.3.JaneandTom_________myfriends.4.Mysisters_______tall.5.I_______atschoolnow.6.We________students.7.They________inthezoo.8.YangLing________tenyearsold.9.Where________yourfriends?10.Howold__________you?11. I__________a student.12.You ____ a doctor.13.____she Kitty?14._____you Chinese?15.He _____ in Shanghai.16.It_____ a car.17.Here______myfamilyphoto.18.____ your mother in theroom?19._____your friends in theroom?20.He________15yearsoldnow.21.These _____ buses.22.Those _____oranges.l练习：1)Hisparents_______(watch)TVeverynight.WORD格式可编辑版 ...1)Mybrother_________(do)homeworkeveryday.2)Hisparents_________(notwatch)everynight.2)Mybrother________(notdo)homeworkeveryday.3)________hisparents________(watch)TVeverynight?Yes,they_____.No,they_______.3)______yourbrother________（do）homeworkeveryday?Yes,he______.No,he_________.4)When________hisparents________(watch)TV?TheywatchTVeverynight.4)When_____yourbrother____(do)homework?Hedoeshomeworkeveryday.l本块习题:用所给词的正确形式填空l1、I_______(have)asoccerball.l2、She______(have)twoping-pongballs.l3、He______(play)sportseveryday.l4、We______(speak)English.l5、Tom______(call)Jimeveryday.l6、Mydaughter______(like)apples.l7、Hisfriend______（know）English.l8、Thegirl______(study)Englishsometimes.l9、Theboyoften______（watch）TV.l10、Heruncle______(go)homeonfootl本块练习题把下列肯定句变成否定句、一般疑问句,并作简略回答。l1、Theylikecomputers.l否:They____________computers.l疑:____they____computers?___________l2、Hehasasportsclub.l否:He____________asportsclub.WORD格式可编辑版 ...l疑:______he_____asportsclub?____________l3、WewatchTVsometimes.l否:We____________TVsometimes.l疑:_______________TVsometimes?____________l4、Tomoftenplayscomputers.l否:Tom______often____computergames.l疑:_____Tomoften_____computergames?____________l5、Shehassomebasketballs.l否:She________________basketballs.l疑:_____she__________basketballs?____________l6、Ienjoyplayingsportseveryday.l否:I____________playingsportseveryday.l疑:__________________playingsportseveryday?____________l7、.Mydaughtercallsmesometimes.l否:Mydaughter____________mesometimes.l疑:__________daughter_____mesometimes?____________l8、ThegirlspeaksEnglishandChinese.l否:Thegirl____________English_____Chinese.l疑:_____thegirl_____English_____Chinese?____________l练习：l1、Tomlikessomefruitsforlunch(一般疑问句).l______Tom____________fruitsforlunch?l2、Ilikevegetablesfordinner(同上).l____________likevegetablesfordinner?l3、Therunningstarhaslotsofhealthyfood(否定句).lTherunningstar____________lotsofhealthyfoodl4、Theyhavealotofchicken.(同上)lThey____________alotofchicken.WORD格式可编辑版 ...l5、Doyouruninthemorningeveryday?l(肯定回答)________l6、Doesyourfriendenjoyfruitsforlunch?l(否定回答)______l7、Alotofpeoplelikeeatinghealthyfood.(同义句)l______peoplelike______healthyfood.l练习题(一)、l1、肯定句Thisismypencil.(这是我的铅笔)l否定句This______mypencil.(这不是我的铅笔)l一般疑问句______this______pencil?(这是你的铅笔吗)l肯定回答____________.否定回答._____________l2、肯定句Thatismyeraser.(那是我的橡皮擦)l否定句That______eraser.(那不是我的橡皮擦)l一般疑问句_____that______eraser?(那是你的橡皮擦)l肯定回答____________否定回答______________l3、肯定句Thesearemypens.(这些是我的钢笔)l否定句These______mypens.(这些不是我的钢笔)l一般疑问句______these______pens?(这些是你的钢笔吗)l肯定回答____________.否定回答____________.l4、肯定句Thosearehisbaseballs.(那些是他的棒球)l否定句Those______hisbaseballs.(那些不是他的棒球)l一般疑问句______those______pens?(那些是他的棒球吗)l肯定回答____________否定回答____________l5、肯定句IamHelen(我是海伦)l否定句____________Helen.(我不是海伦)l一般疑问句____________Helen.(你是海伦吗)l肯定回答____________.否定回答____________.l6、肯定句Itishernotebook.(它是她的笔记本)l否定句It______hernotebook.(它不是她的笔记本)WORD格式可编辑版 ...l一般疑问句____________hernotebook?(它是她的笔记本吗)l肯定回答____________.否定回答____________.l7、肯定句Alotofkeysareinthepencil—case.l(否定句Alotofkeys______inthepencil—case.l一般疑问句______alotofkeysinthepencil—case?l肯定回答____________.否定回答____________.★就划线部分提问是特殊疑问句（是特殊疑问词部分+一般疑问句）l这学期学的一些特殊疑问句：l1、What+一般疑问句：例：Whatisyourname?lWhatcolor+一般疑问:例Whatcolorisyourbag?l2、Who+一般疑问句:例Whoarethey?l3、Why+一般疑问句:例Whydoyoulikemusic?l4、Where+一般疑问句:例：Whereismybag?l5、How+一般疑问句:例：Howareyou?就加黑斜体部分提问1.MynameisGina.name?2.I’mfine.you?3.It’sanorange.inEnglish?4.Mybagisred.isyourbag?5.Thisis“V”.inEnglish?6.O-R-A-N-G-E,orange.you“orange”?7.Mytelephonenumberis6690678.telephonenumber?8.HernameisLinda.name?9.MyfirstnameisJack.firstname?10.Sheismysister.she?11.They’reonthefloor.they?WORD格式可编辑版 ...12.Thebaseballisonthesofa.thebaseball?13.Thekeysareinthedrawer.thekeys?14.Iwantasweater.you?15.Thesesocksaretwodollars.thesesocks?16.----Blue.doyouwant?17.TheT-shirtissevendollarstheT-shirt?18.MybirthdayisOctobertenth.birthday?19.HerbirthdayisJune8th.birthday?20.I’mthirteen.you?21.It‘sMondaytoday．istoday?22.MyschooldayisonOctober18th.schoolday?23.It’sAugust8th.thedate?24.MyfavoritesubjectisChinese.favoritesubject?25.HerfavoritesubjectisEnglish.favoritesubject?26.IlikeP.E.becauseit’sfun.youlikeP.E?27.MymusicteacherisMissXie.musicteacher?28.Hisfavoritesportisbasketball.favoritesport?29.Ihavericeandchicken.youforlunch?30.HelikesP.E.best.he？我们对服务人员的配备以有经验、有知识、有技术、懂管理和具有高度的服务意识为准绳，在此基础上建立一支高素质的物业管理队伍，为销售中心的物业管理创出优质品牌。在物业人员配备中，我们遵循如下原则：1、本着精简、高效原则根据项目实际服务、管理和经营的需要，推行统一目标、分解责任、责权利相结合。2、职责、权限明确原则日常工作由综合服务主管直接对各服务人员即集指挥和职能于一身，便于综合服务主管全面掌握日常工作及人员状况，减小失控。WORD格式可编辑版 ...WORD格式可编辑版