【7A文】初中英语语法复习-代词.ppt 59页

代词中考总复习之 代词的分类中考说明及要求：人称代词PersonalPronouns物主代词PossessivePronouns反身代词SelfPronouns不定代词IndefinitePronouns指示代词DemonstrativePronouns疑问代词InterrogativePronouns 人称代词分为:第一,第二,第三人称,而且有单复数之分.人称单数复数主格宾格主格宾格第一人称Imeweus第二人称youyouyouyou第三人称hehimtheythemsheheritit人称代词主格：作主语，表示谁怎么样了、干什么了。Iamateacher.Youarestudents.Heisastudent,too.We/You/Theyarestudents. I(宾格)_____she(宾格)______we(宾格)______It(主格)______them(主格)_____him(主格)_____She(复数)_____us(单数)_______I(复数)_______Him(复数)_____you(单数)_____看谁写得快哦 I(宾格)meshe(宾格)herwe(宾格)usIt(主格)_itthem(主格)__theyhim(主格)_heShe(复数)__theyus(单数)_meI(复数)_weHim(复数)_themyou(单数)_you你对吗? 1.主格代词常作主语、宾格代词常作动词或介词的宾语。Theyalllikehimverymuch.他们都很喜欢他。Shegavethebookstoyouandme.这些书是她送给你和我的。weareworriedabouther.在部分动词+副词结构的短语中，如果宾语是代词,要用宾格，并且要放在中间如：trythemontakeitoffwritethemdown 在主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语句型中，如果直接宾语是代词，要用如下句型：主语+谓语+直接宾语+to/for+间接宾语Hegaveittome.不能说hegavemeit.Heboughtitforme.不能说heboughtmeit. 2.人称代词在作表语时，用宾格Who’sknockingatthedoor?–It’sme.谁敲门？-是我。3.人称代词在并列使用时的顺序为“第二人称，第三人称，第一人称”You,sheandIallenjoythemusic.你我她都喜欢音乐。复数并列按我们、你们、他们的顺序排列：we,youandthey.如果是承担责任，说话者吧I放在第一位。IandliMingmidtookthetimewhenwewouldleave. 4、在比较状语从句中，在不引起误解的前提下，有时宾格代词代替主格代词（尤其是其后跟有同位语all时）HeistallthanI(me).Heistallerthanusall.若可能引起误解，就不能用宾格代替主格HelikesplayingpingpongbetterthanI.Helikesplayingpingpongbetterthanme. 5.she可以用来代表国家、船只、大地、月亮等Weloveourmotherland,wehopeshe’llbestrongerandbigger.我们热爱我们的祖国,我们希望她更强大。Theshipisleaving.She’sonherfirsttriptoBoston.轮船要起航了。这是她第一次去波士顿。 6.it作为人称代词时，可以表示天气、距离、时间、环境等What’theweatherliketoday?–It’swindy.今天的天气怎么样？-有风。It’saboutfiveminutes’walkfromhometoschool.从家到学校的路程大约5分钟。 It代替前文提到的人物、事件。如：whoisit?It’smeDon’treadinthesun.It’sbadforyoureyes.It代替指示代词thisthat.What’sthis?It’sacomputer. .It可作为形式主语，将不定式、动名词等构成的主语后移，使句子显得平稳It’shardtoreachtheapples.很难够到苹果。It’sgoodforyoutakingawalkaftersupper.对你来说饭后散步是有好处的。It作形式宾语。Idon’titpossibletolearnEnglishwellwithouthardwork. 物主代词数人称类别单　　数复　　数第一人称第二人称第三人称第一人称第二人称第三人称形容词性物主代词myyourhisheritsouryourtheir名词性物主代词mineyourshishersitsoursyourstheirs意思我的你的他的她的它的我们的你们的他（她、它）们的 填写代词表例:Iitwemeyouthemmyhisourminehers 例:Iyouhesheitweyoutheymeyouhimheritusyouthemmyyourhisheritsouryourtheirmineyourshishersitsoursyourstheirs 1.形容词性物主代词在句中只能作定语Mybrotherisaworker.我弟弟是个工人。Hisparentsareveryfriendly.他的父母非常友善。 3.形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词的关系：形容词性物主代词+名词=名词性物主代词注意：名词性物主代词在句中所指代的关系是单数还是复数。Thesebooksaren"tours.Oursarenew.(ourbooks=ours)Thisisnotourroom.Oursisoverthere.(ourroom=ours) 4.“of+名词性物主代词”表示所属Asisterofhisisanurse.他的一个妹妹是个护士。Tomisafriendofmine我的一个朋友 用适当的代词形式填空1.Thatisnot_________kite.Thatkiteisverysmall,but_________isverybig.(I)2.Thedressis_________.Giveitto_________.(she)3.Isthis_________watch?(you)No,it’snot_________.(I)4._________ismybrother._________nameisJack.Look!Thosestampsare_________.(he)5._________dressesarered.(we)Whatcolourare_________?(you) 6.Herearemanydolls,whichoneis_________?(she)7.Icanfindmytoy,butwhere’s_________?(you)8.Show_________yourkite,OK?(they)9.Ihaveabeautifulcat._________nameisKitty.Thesecakesare_________.(it)10.Arethese_________tickets?No,_________arenot_________._________aren’there.(they) Choosetherightanswers.(1)Maryis______(my,I)sister.(2)______(He,Him)taught______(our,us)English.(3)Ihaveacat,_______(its,it’s)nameisDick.(4)Tomisafriendof_______(my,mine).(6)Katelost_____(she,her)bike.(7)Yourlivingroomisverybig,but____(my,mine)israthersmall.(8)Isthisruler_______?(yours,your)myHeusitsmineyoursmineher Tryitout1.Isthisyourfootball,boys?No,itisnot____A.yoursB.ourC.mineD.ours2.Thebirdbuilds____nestinthetree.A.herB.itsC.it’sD.hers3.WelikeMr.Greenbecauseheoftentells______funnystoriesinclass.A.weB.usC.ourD.ours 反身代词单数myselfyourselfhimselfherselfitself复数ourselvesyourselvesthemselves 1.反身代词在句中可以作宾语、表语和同位语Hethinksmoreofothersthanofhimself.他想到别人比想到自己更多一些。Thatpoorboywasmyself.那个可怜的孩子就是我自己。Hehimselfwasadoctor.他本人就是一个大夫。Imyselfcanworktheproblemout.我能亲自算出这道题 2.反身代词有以下常见搭配enjoyoneself=haveagoodtimebyoneself=alonehelponeselfto…learnsth.byoneself =teachoneselfsth.注意：oneself有单复数之分*Ienjoymyself.*Children,helpyourselvestosomefish. 不定代词不是指明代替特定名词（或形容词）的代词all,each,every,both,either,neithernone,one,little,few,many,muchother,another,some,any,no由some,any,no,every等构成的合成代词 几组在用法上容易混淆的不定代词1.some/anysome（一些,某）一般用于肯定句中Therearesomeflowersinfrontofthehouse.any（一些,任何）多用于疑问句和否定句Doyouhaveanypicture-books? 注意：some有时也可用于表示请求、征求意见的疑问句中Wouldyoulikesomemeat?你想要些肉吗？MayIasksomequestions?我可以问问题吗？CouldIhavesomeapples?我可以吃苹果吗？Willyougivemesomewater?你能给我些水吗？ 2.many/muchmany修饰或指代复数名词Therearemanyeggsinthebasket.Manyofuslikeplayinggames.much修饰或指代不可数名词Hedoesn’tknowmuchEnglish. 3.another/otheranother泛指三个或三个以上中的另一个Idon’twantthiscoat.Pleaseshowmeanother.other后面接名词，泛指别的、其他的Doyouhaveanyotherquestions? 4.theother/others/theotherstheother1.特指两个中的另一个Hehastwosons.Oneisaworker,theotherisadoctor.2.修饰名词，特指另一个、另一些Tomlikesswimming,andtheotherboysinhisclasslikeswimming,too. others泛指其他的人或物Heoftenhelpsothers.Someareplayingbasketball,othersareplayingfootball.theothers特指确定范围内剩下的全部人或物Therearefiftystudentsinourclass.Twentyofthemaregirls,theothersareboys. 5.few/afew/little/alittlefew/afew修饰可数名词little/alittle修饰不可数名词few,little表示否定意义,译为“没有几个”，“没有多少”afew,alittle表示肯定意义,译为“有几个”，“有一点” 6.every/eachevery＋单数名词,表示“每一个”,强调共性、整体,只作定语,形式上为单数.不与of连用Everychildlikesplayinggames.each表示“每一个”,强调个性,作定语主语、宾语和同位语,常与of连用Eachstudentwasaskedtotryagain.Eachofthemhasaniceskirt. 7.all/noneall“(全部)都”,表示三者或三者以上，作同位语时,一般放在连系动词、助动词之后,行为动词之前WeareallfromCanada.TheyalllikeEnglish.none“没有”,表示三者或三者以上都不,后常跟介词of（谓语动词单、复数均可）Noneofusis/areafraidofdogs. 8.both/either/neitherboth“（两者）都”,作主语时看作复数；作定语时后跟名词复数Myparentsarebothteachers.=Bothofmyparentsareteachers.neither“(两者)都不”,含有否定意义，作主语时谓语用第三人称单数;作定语时后跟名词单数Neitheranswerisright. either“两者中任何一个”,作主语时谓语用第三人称单数;作定语时后跟名词单数Therearetreesoneithersideofthestreet.=Therearetreesonbothsidesofthestreet. 有关词组及应用bothof/eitherof/neitherofBothofthemswimwell.他们俩都游得很好。EitherofyougoestoBeijing.你们俩随便谁去北京都可以。Neitherofthemstoppedtohavearest.他们俩谁都不停下来休息。 both…and（谓语动词用复数形式）either…or/neither…nor(谓语动词遵循就近原则)BothTomandLucyareinGradeTwo.Tom和Lucy都在二年级。Eithermyfatherormymothercooksathome.或者我爸爸或者我妈妈在家烧饭。NeitherhenorIamfreetoday.我和他今天都没空。 9.Something/anything/nothingSomebody/anybody/nobody当形容词修饰这些不定代词时，常后置Ihavesomethingimportanttotellyou.Isthereanythingelseinthebox?Nobodycananswerthequestion. 指示代词表示空间和时间远近关系的代词包括:this/that(单数)these/those(复数)1.this,these指在方位上较近的人或物that,those指在方位上较远的人或物Thisismyshirt,that’syours.TheseTVsaremadeinChina,thosearemadeinJapan. 2.that,those常指前面提过的东西,以免重复*Theseboxesareheavierthanthoseonthedesk.3.刚才提到的事情，在英文中用that*Hewasillyesterday.I’msorrytohearthat. 疑问代词用来构成特殊疑问句的代词常见有：whowhomwhosewhatwhich通常做主语宾语定语表语Whatmakesyouthinklikethat?做主语Who(Whom)wereyoutalkingwith?做宾语 WhichbusdoIneed?做定语What’syourfather?做表语注意：在口语中，Who和Whom通用，但在介词后只能用WhomWithwhomdidheplaygames?Withwhodidheplaygames?(错) (重庆市2008年)WelikeMr.Greenbecauseheoftentells______funnystoriesinclass.A.weB.usC.ourD.oursB (重庆市2008年)—Whenshallwegotothemuseum,thisafternoonortomorrowmorning?—______isOK.I’mfreethesedays.A.BothB.AllC.EitherD.NeitherC (2008年天津市)—Is_____here?—No,JohnandBobhaveaskedforleave.A.nobodyB.anybodyC.somebodyD.everybodyD Tryitout()1Isthisyourfootball,boys?No,itisnot____A.yoursB.ourC.mineD.ours()2Thebirdbuilds____nestinthetree.A.herB.itsC.it’sD.hers()3Themathsproblem____iswrong.A.himselfB.heC.itselfD.herselfDBC ()4____wanttoseethefilm.AEverystudentBEachstudentCAllofstudentsDAllthestudents()5Alotofpeoplehavetried,but____havesucceeded.A.thefewB.afewC.fewD.little()6____ofthefourroadswilltakeyoutothehospital.A.BothB.NeitherC.AnyD.EitherDCC ()7Ihavefivepencils,oneisred,____isblueand___aregreen.A.another,theotherB.theother,othersC.others,theothersD.another,theothers()8Ihavefound____ontheInternet.A.afewinformationsB.alittleinformationsC.afewinformationD.alittleinformationDD ()9IhaveChemistryclasses____day,Monday,WednesdayandFriday.A.eachotherB.everyotherC.thisandotherD.allother()10--____isthemanunderthetree?--Jim’sfather.A.WhenB.WhatC.WhereD.WhoBD 课堂达标 11.Thisstickis____.A.himB.heC.his12.Heisalwaysreadytohelp____.A.anotherB.theotherC.others13.______isJack’saunt.A.HeB.SheC.It14.Shesentseveralcardsto____ofherfriends.A.someB.anyC.no15._____subjectsdoyouhavethisterm?A.WhichB.WhoseC.What16._____ofthemhasacomputer.A.EachB.EveryC.All17.Canyourbrotherlookafter_____?A.himselfB.himC.his 8Whichof_____bikesisyours?A.thisB.thatC.these19._____aregoodfriends.A.You,heandIB.She,youandIC.I,youandhe20.Shehasn’tbrought_____pentoday.Willyoulendher_____?A.her,yourB.hers,yoursC.her,yours21.Very_____ofthemknewthehotel.A.fewB.littleC.afew22.Thejacketistooshort.Pleaseshowme____.A.otherB.anotherC.one23.Somecitypeoplegrowvegetables_____.A.herselfB.himselfC.themselves 用恰当的词填空。Iamastudent._____nameisLily.Ioftenteach________English.2.Tomistooyoung.Pleaselookafter________.3.Heisfourteen._____nameisTom.Thisbookis____.Hecanlookafter_______.4.We’llgofishinglater.Wouldyouliketocomewith______?5.Lookingattheboys._____areplayinggames._______namesareMikeandBill.Theyenjoy____________.MymyselfhimHishishimselfusTheyTheirthemselves 写作：（计15分）下面是汶川地震中的一张照片。它记录了一个叫郎铮的三岁男孩在地震十小时后被解放军从废墟(debris)中救出(rescue)。躺在担架(stretcher)上的他慢慢地举起右手向救他的人敬礼（saluteto）。请你以“感动”为题，用英语简单描述这个故事并写出你的感想。要求：故事描述要包括提供的所有信息。字数：80---100。短文开头已给出，不计入总字数。MovedAt14:28onMay12,anearthquakebrokeoutinWenchuan.SoonpeoplealloverChinawenttotherescue.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ (例文）MovedAt14:28onMay12,anearthquakebrokeoutinWenchuan.SoonpeoplealloverChinawenttotherescue.Athree-year-oldboynamedLangZhengwasrescuedfromthedebrisbythePLAmentenhoursaftertheearthquake.Whilehewaslyingonthestretcher,heslowlyraisedhisrighthandandsalutedtothesoldiers.Hissalutenotonlyexpressedhisthankstothepeoplewhosavedhim,butalsomovedthepeoplearoundhim.Iwasalsodeeplymovedbyhissalute.Asathree-year-oldboy,heknewthatthefirstthingtodowastoexpresshisthanksafterhewassaved.ItisthegoodnatureoftheChinesepeople. Homeworktoday1.抄考试说明单词第46～66个(每个2行)2.做学考精练冠词剩下的练习3.预习数词