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  • 2022-06-17 15:46:21 发布

初中英语语法梳理和提高宾语从句讲解及试题

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初中英语语法梳理和提高:宾语从句讲解及试题  知识梳理:提纲挈领,抓住重点和难点!  1.在句中担当宾语的从句叫宾语从句,宾语从句可作谓语动词的宾语,也可做介词的宾语。eg,Hesaidhewasgoodatdrawing.(动词宾语)  HeaskshimhowlongMikehasbeendown.(动词宾语)  MissZhangisangryatwhatyousaid.(介词宾语)  2.宾语从句的引导词有三类:  (1)以that引导的宾语从句,主要用来引导句形式的宾语从句,that可以省略。eg,Theradiosays(that)thecloudswillliftlateron.  Shetoldme(that)shewouldliketogowithus.  (2)以连接代词which,what,who等或连接副词how,where,why等引导的宾语从句,从句是陈述语序  eg,Couldyoutellmewhat"sthematterwithu?  Iwanttoknowhowsoonitwillbegin.  (3)以whether或if引导的宾语从句,主要用来引导一般疑问句意思或选择疑问句意思的宾语从句,从句同样是陈述语序  eg,Iwonderif/whetheruhavetoldthenewtoLiLei.  3.宾语从句的时态  (1)当主句为一般现在时态、现在进行时态、或一般将来时态时,从句可用所需要的任何时态。eg,Iwanttoknowwhattimehegotupthismorning.  Youaretellingmethatyouwon"tstopuntiltomorrow?  (2)当主句为一般过去时态时,从句要用于过去有关的时态。   eg,TheyaskedwhatJeanwasdoingnow.  Lindasaidthatthetrainhadleft.  (3)当从句表述的是客观真理或自然现象时,宾语从句要使用一般现在时。  eg,Lisaaskedwhetherlighttravelsfasterthansound.  Pollysaidnonewsisagoodnews  注意:一般情况下,whether和if可以互用,但有些情况例外。  1.当从句做介词的宾于是只用whether不用if  eg,Wearetalkingaboutwhetherwe"llgoonthepinic.  2.引导词与动词不定式或not连用时,只用whether.  eg,Pleaseletmeknowwhattodonext.  Couldyoutellmewhetherugoornot?  3.if当如果讲时,引导的是条件状语从句,这时不能用whether.  eg,Youcan"tworktheplanoutifyoudon"thavethemeeting.  例题解析:举一反三,学的更轻松!  1.Theteacheraskedthestudents________.  A.iftheywereinterestedindinosaurs     B.whenwasAlbertEinsteinborn  C.whattheywilldowiththecomputers   D.howmanytreestheyhaveplanted  解析:宾语从句中从句应保持陈述语序,答案B首先删去,主句一般过去式,从句要用于过去有关的时态,删去答案C和D,答案A中的if意为如果.  应选A   2.Couldyoutellme_______?  A.whatthematteriswithyou   B.whatwasthematterwithyou  C.hat"sthematterwithyou    D.what"sthewrongwithyou.  解析:what就是从句的主语,what"sthematterwithyou本身就是陈述语序,因此删掉A;主句可看作是委婉的请求,并是一般过去式,可删去答案B;wrong前不用加the,因此此题选C.  3.Heaskedme_______Icouldsingthesong"MyHeartwillGoOn."  A.if    B.weather  C.what     D.that  解析:此句应选含有疑问意思的关系代词,故删去D;weather意为天气,根据句意应选A.  4.Ourteachertoldusthatthemoon_________roundtheearth.  A.went       B.turned     C.go       D.turns  解析:从句是一个客观真理,因此从句的时态不受主句影响。应选D  5.Itmakesnodifference__________.  A.whetherwillyoucometomorrow.  B.Whetherornotwillbepasstheexam  C.Ifhewillcometothemeetingornot  D.Whetherhewillcometothemeetingornot  解析:答案A和B从句不是陈述语序先删掉,if不能与not连用。因此此题选D  6.Theydon"tknow_______theirparentsare.  A.that     B.what   C.why    D.which   解析:what表示职业,因此选B.  7.Iamsure_______yousaidistrue.  A.what   B.that   C.which    D.who  解析:根据句意应用what,做said的内容,你所说的话。应选A.  8.Theoldmantoldus_______and________.  A.todowhat,todohow      B.whattodoit,howtodoit  C.whattodo,howtodoit     D.whattodo,howtodo  解析:疑问词what即连接不定式,又做do的宾语;而在how引导的不定式短语中,how表示方式,do为及物动词,因此需接宾语才正确  应选C  练习与巩固:熟能生巧,取得好成绩!  1.---DoyouknowwhentheWorldCup________nextweek?  ---NextFriday.Whenit ________,Iwillringyou.  A.begins,begins   B.begins,willbegin   C.willbegin,willbegin  D.willbegin,begins  2.---Todayortomorrow?  ---Whatareyoutalkingabout?  ---Wearetalkingabout_______togiveatalkonWTO.  A.how       B.where        C.when        D.what  3.Iwonder_________.  A.wheredoeshelive             B.wherehelive   C.heliveswhere                D.wherehelives  4.---Areyou sureyouhaveto?It"sbeenverylate.  ---Idon"tknow_____Icandoitifnotnow.  A.where      B.why         C.when          D.how  5.---Wouldyoupleasetellme_________?  ---InasmallvillagenearNiingbo.  A.wherewasyourmotherborn           B.whereyourmotherwasborn  C.whenwasyourmotherborn            D.whenyourmotherwasborn  6.Thephotographwillshowyou________.  A.whatdoesourvillagelooklike          B.whatourvillagelookslike  C.howdoesourvillagelooklike          D.howourvillagelookslike  7.---Canyouguessifthey_______toplaybasketballwithus?  ---Ithinkthey"llcomeifthey_________free.  A.willcome,willbe     B.willcome,are         C.come,are    D.come,willbe  8.---Wheredoeshecomefrom?  ---Pardon?   ---Iaskedwhere_________.  A….didhecomefrom        B.hecamefrom  C.hecomesfrom            D.doeshecomefrom  9.Shewondered__________.  A.howmuchhecostthecomputer              B.howmuchhepaidforthecomputer  C.howmuchthecomputerwillcosthim         D.howmuchdidhespendonthecomputer  10.---Doyouknow________?  ---I"mnotsure.Maybeheisa businessman.  A. whoheis         B.whoishe      C.whathedoes      D.whatdoeshedo  1-5DCDCB   6-10BBBBA