英语语法倒装讲解 6页

Grammar:Inversion英语中主语在前谓语在后的语序称为自然语序。由于语法、修辞的需要谓语置于主语之前，称为全部倒装助动词、情态动词等移到主语之前而主要动词仍然在主语之后的，称作部分倒装。（1）为了叙述或描绘更加生动，将表示运动方向的副词（如“here,there,out,in,up,off,down,away,back等）放到句首。注意：这种句子必须是谓语动词为go,come,run,rush等表示位移的动词，主语是名词。Herecomesthebus.    Theregoesthebell.    Downcametherain Outrushedatigerfromthewood.    （2）当句首是表示地点的介词短语时，为了保持句子结构的平衡或是为了使上下文更加紧密衔接时，常使用倒装。Inthecenterofthehallstandsawhitepiano. Amongthemwasasoldierwhowaswoundedintheshoulder. （3）用so表示“我也这样”一类概念时，常用以下结构：肯定：so+be/have/助动词/情态动词+主语否定：nor/neither+be/have/助动词/情态动词+主语Hehasvisitedthemuseum.―SohaveI.   Shecanswim.－SocanI.    Theboycan’tskate.－Norcanhisbrother.(Neithercanhisbrother.)（4）副词only所强调的方式状语、条件状语、地点状语、时间状语等位于句首时，采用部分倒装。Onlybytakingataxicanyouarrivethereontime.    OnlyinthiswaycanyoumakeprogressinEnglish.  Onlywhenshecamehomedidhelearnthenews.    （5）为了强调句子中的否定状语，常将其置于句首，通常采用部分倒装。这类常见的具有否定意义的副词、连词和短语有：副词：few,little,never,not,nowhere,rarely,seldom连词：notuntil,notonly...butalso,nosooner…than,hardly…when短语：atnotime,bynomeans,onnoaccount,innocircumstances绝不Notuntilallthefishdiedintheriver,didthevillagersrealizehowseriousthepollutionwas.Notasinglesongdidshesingatyesterday’sparty.  Nosoonerhadhearrivedthanhefellill.  （6）虚拟语气的非真实条件句中若含有“were,had,should等词”，可以省略连词if，并把were等移到句首，构成倒装。Wereheherenow,hewouldtelluswhattodo. HadIthetime,Iwouldgo.       Shoulditnotrain,thecropswoulddie.   （7）让步状语从句可以采用如下结构。形容词/名词+as+主语+谓语Cleverasheis,hedoesn’tstudywell.      Childashewas,helivedonhimself.       （8）so...that    so在句首修饰形容词或副词表示强调时，主句要用倒装语序，后面以that引导的结果状语从句采用自然语序。Soshallowisthelakethatnofishcanliveinit.    Soloudlydidhespeakthatpeopleupstairscouldhearhim.（9）however为连接副词，引导让步状语从句，其意义和作用相当于nomatterhow。可用于如下结构：however+形容词/副词+主语+谓语Howeverlateheis,Motherwillwaitforhimtohavedinnertogether.We’llhavetofinishthejog,howeverlongittakes.Practice(1)Notuntilhefailedintheexam___howserioustheproblemwas.A.hasherealizedB.didherealizeC.thatherealizedD.hedidrealize(2)Onlyinthisway___toimprovetheoperatingsystem. A.youcanhopeB.youdidhopeC.canyouhopeD.didyouhope(3)HehasbeentoAmericatwice,_________A.sohaveIB.soIhaveC.IhavesoD.sodidI(4)Nosooner________atthedeskthanthetelephonerang.A.hadhesatdownB.didhesatdownC.hehadsatdownD.hesatdown(5)“Never___tohurtyourfeelingwhileIwasexpressingmyselfinthediscussion.”ExplainedJim.A.IexpectedB.expectedIC.hadIexpectedD.didIexpect(6)Soabsorbed____intheresearchthatshedidn’thearsomeoneknockingatthedoor.A.shedidB.didsheC.shewasD.wasshe(7)_____,hedoesgetangrywithhersometimes.A.AshelikeshermuchB.ThoughmuchhelikesherC.MuchashelikesherD.Muchevenifhelikesher(8)Iwouldnevercometothisrestaurantagain.Thefoodisterrible!___________.A.NoramIB.NeitherwouldIC.Samewith meD.SodoI(9)Little____abouthisownsafety,thoughhewasingreatdangerhimself.A.doeshecareB.didhecareC.hecaredDhecared(10)_____forthefreetickets,Iwouldnothavegonetothefilmsooften.A.IfitisnotB.WereitnotC.HaditnotbeenD.Iftheywerenot(11)____amobilephonecanyouring_____youwanttotalkwithanywhere.A.Using;whoeverB.Onlyon;whomeverC.With;whoeverD.Using;whomever(12)Innocountry_____Britain,ithasbeensaid,_____experienceforseasonsinthecourseofasingleday.A.otherthan;onecanB.other;canoneC.ratherthan;onecanD.ratherthan;canone(13)Out____,withastickinhishand.A.didherushB.rushedheC.herushedD.hedidrush(14)---Davidhasmadegreatprogressrecently.-----_____,__________A.Sohehas;soyouhaveB.Sohehas;sohaveyouC.Sohashe;sohaveyouD.Sohashe;soyouhave (15)_______,Iwon’tbuyit.A.AslongasIlikeitB.NowthatIlikeitC.MuchaslikeitD.EvenifIdon’tlikeitAnswers:BCAACDCBBCBBCBC