【5A文】中考英语语法专题复习：简单句和主从复合句(含答案).ppt 48页

简单句和主从复合句 简单句简单句是由一个主语(或并列主语)和一个谓语(或并列谓语)构成的句子。对简单句的基本句型结构的考查是中考常见考点。考点一：主语+系动词+表语如：Mr.GreenisfromSouthernEngland.温馨提示：初中阶段所学的系动词有be,seem,keep,stay,look,smell,taste,sound,feel,become,get,turn,fall等。 考点二：主语+不及物动词如：Shespokeatthemeetingyesterdayevening.考点三：主语+及物动词+宾语如：Tomplaysmanydifferentballgames.考点四：主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语如：Lindasentmealovelybirthdaycardyesterday.温馨提示：间接宾语是人，直接宾语是物。能接双宾语的动词多数要在间接宾语前加to或for。 ①加to的动词有give,send,pass,take,bring,show,lend,tell等。②加for的动词有buy,make,build,mend,cook等。考点五：主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语如：Iwillpaintmyroomblue.考点六：therebe句型如：Therearemanybeautifulflowersinthegarden. 【中考链接】Ⅰ.将所给单词连成句子。要求符合语法，语句通顺，大小写正确，单词不得重复使用，标点已给出。1.night,did,last,rain,it______________________________________?(2014河北)2.gift,him,birthday,gave,a,I_______________________________________.(2014河北)DiditrainlastnightIgavehimabirthdaygift 3.tennis,a,Nancy,twice,week,play_______________________________________.(2014河北)Nancyplaystennistwiceaweek Ⅱ.将下列汉语翻译成英语。1.这座桥有300米左右长。_______________________________________(2014四川内江)2.你应该和你的老师讨论一下这个问题。____________________________________________________(2014江苏苏州)3.我认为五十年后将有更多的污染。_______________________________________(2014四川内江)Thisbridgeisabout300meterslong.Youshoulddiscussthisquestionwithyourteacher.Ithinktherewillbemorepollutionin50years. III.()1.There________twodictionariesonthebookcase.Youcanuseeitherofthem.A.isB.wasC.areD.were(2016吉林长春)()2.There________apencilandsomepensinthebox.A.isB.areC.aren’t(2016黑龙江绥化)()3.There________abasketballmatchinourschooltomorrow.A.willhaveB.willbeC.areD.isgoingtohave(2016广西来宾)CAB ()4.—Doyouknow________awonderfulfootballmatchandtwobasketballmatchesonJuly15th?—Yeah.Iamgoingtowatchthemonthatday.A.therewillbeB.therewillhaveC.thereareD.therehave(2016广西玉林、防城港、崇左)()5.—Isthereawatermelononthetable?—________A.Yes,thereis.B.Yes,itis.C.No,thereis.D.No,itisn’t.(2016四川南充)AA 主从复合句初中阶段要求掌握的主从复合句主要有宾语从句、状语从句和限定性定语从句。一、宾语从句考点一：宾语从句的关联词及其作用关联词作用that本身无意义，在从句中不充当句子成分，只起连接作用，常常可以省略。if,whether意为“是否”，在从句中不充当句子成分，但不能省略。 关联词作用what,who,whose,whom,which在从句中充当句子成分，如主语、宾语、定语等，不能省略。when,where,why,how在从句中作状语，不能省略。 考点二：宾语从句必须是陈述句语序。考点三：如果宾语从句表述的是客观真理或自然现象时，不管主句是什么时态，宾语从句都使用一般现在时。 【中考链接】(   )1.—Doyouknow______themeeting?—Tomorrowmorning.A.whentheyhadB.whentheyaregoingtohaveC.whendidtheyhaveD.whenaretheygoingtohave (2014北京)B (   )2.—Excuseme,canyoutellme______?—Sorry,Idon’tknow.Youcangototheinformationdesk.A.thatthereisatrainB.whenthetrainleavesC.whichtraincanItakeD.wheredoesthetraingo(2014河南)B (   )3.Ihavesometicketsforthebasketballmatch.Iwonder______.A.whereyoubuytheticketsB.whyyouliketogothereC.ifyou’dliketocomealongD.whenyouwatchthematch(2014河北)(   )4.—It’ssolate.Whynotwritethereporttomorrow?—ButIdon’tknow______Icandoitifnotnow.A.why                    B.whenC.how                   D.where(2014安徽)CB (   )5.—MissLin,couldyoutellme______aboutthelocaleducation?—Ithinkwww.fzedu.gov.cnwillbehelpful.A.howcanIfindinformationB.whatinformationcanIgetC.whereIcangetthenews(2014福建福州)C (   )6.It’shardtobelieve______thewayoutoftheforestwithoutthehelpofthelocalguide.A.whattheywereabletofindB.whatweretheyabletofindC.howtheywereabletofindD.howweretheyabletofind(2014浙江杭州)C (   )7.—Howlongdoesittaketogettotheairport?—Fortyminutes.Butit’sfoggytoday.I’mnotsure______thehighwaywillclosesoon.Let’ssetoffearlier.A.whether                 B.whenC.how            D.why(2013江苏无锡)A ()8.—Canyoutellme________?—HelivesinShanghai.A.whereMarklivesB.wheredoesMarkliveC.whereMarklivedD.wheredidMarklive(2016北京)()9.—Doyouknow________?—Letmesee.IrememberitwasonMarch18th.A.whydidtheymovehereB.whytheymovedhereC.whendidtheymovehereD.whentheymovedhere(2016重庆A卷)AD ()10.—Lookatthemaninblue!Doyouknow________?—Oh,heisapoliceman.A.whatdoeshedoB.whathedoesC.howhedoes(2016黑龙江哈尔滨)()11.—Lookatthestonebridge!Doyouknow________itwasbuilt?—Inthe1860s.Itisquiteold.A.whenB.howC.whereD.why(2016安徽)BA ()12.—Couldyoutellme________?—Everyfouryears.The24thwilltakeplaceinChinain2022.A.howlongtheWinterOlympicGameslastB.howlongdotheWinterOlympicGameslastC.howoftenaretheWinterOlympicGamesheldD.howoftentheWinterOlympicGamesareheld(2016江苏泰州)D ()13.—WhatdidMaxjustsaytoyou?—Heaskedme________.A.ifIwouldliketogoskatingB.whendidIbuythisCDC.whereIwillspendtheweekendD.thatIhadagoodtime(2016江苏连云港)()14.Yesterdaytheteachertoldustheearth________thesun.A.goesaroundB.wentaroundC.isgoingaroundD.wouldgoaround(2016山东烟台)AA ()15.—Whatdidyourfathersaytoyoujustnow?—Heaskedme________.A.thatIwouldliketoseeamovieB.whereIwillspendmyholidayC.ifIenjoyedmyselfatthepartyD.whendidIattendthegraduationparty(2016山东滨州)C ()16.—Iwonder________.—Yes,ofcourse.A.whywewillvisitthismuseumB.whenwewillgettothemuseumC.whetherthemuseumisworthvisitingD.whatwecanseeinthemuseum(2016江苏盐城)C 根据括号内的要求完成下列各题，每空一词。1.“HowdoyousellgoodsattheWeChatshop?”Kevinaskedme.(改写句子，句意不变)Kevinaskedme___I_____goodsattheWeChatshop.(2016山东济南)2.“WhenwillyoufinishtheprojectonInternetsafety?”theofficialasked.(改为宾语从句)Theofficialasked_____I______finishtheprojectonInternetsafety.(2016上海)howsoldwhenwould 3.Iaskedher,“Willyouhaveapicnictomorrow?”(改为含有宾语从句的复合句)Iaskedher___she_____haveapicnicthenextday.(2016甘肃天水)4.Johnasked,“CanyoucareformypetcatwhileI’maway?”(改写句子，句意不变)Johnasked___I_____careforhispetcatwhilehewasaway.(2016四川达州)ifwouldifcould 二、状语从句考点一：引导状语从句的连词时间状语从句：when,while,as,before,after,since,until,assoonas条件状语从句：if,unless,aslongas原因状语从句：because,as,since,for目的状语从句：sothat,inorderthat结果状语从句：sothat,so…that/such…that让步状语从句：though,although,evenif/though比较状语从句：than,as…as,notas/so…as 考点二：在含有时间或条件状语从句的复合句中，如果主句是一般将来时，那么从句通常要用一般现在时表示将来。 【中考链接】I.(   )1.AuntLucywilltellussomethingabouthertriptoAustraliawhenshe______back.A.came                  B.comesC.wouldcome      D.willcome(2014上海)B (   )2.—IwonderwhetherBrazilwillwinthematchlatertonight.—Gotobedfirst.Iwillwakeyouupassoonasthematch______.A.starts     B.startedC.willstart   D.isstarting (2014广东)(   )3.Ifthere______nobuyingandsellingofanimals,therewillbenokillinginnature.A.is                                  B.willbeC.has                             D.willhave(2014云南)AA (   )4.Ifitisn’tfinethisweekend,ourspringfieldtrip______.A.iscancelledB.wascancelledC.willbecancelled(2014福建福州)(   )5.Wewonderifourteachers______toourgraduatingpartynextweekend.Ifthey______,we’llbeveryhappy.A.willcome;willcomeB.come;willcomeC.willcome;comeD.come;come (2014甘肃兰州)CC (   )6.Wheneveraperson______difficulties,he______twochoices.Oneistogiveup,theotheristofacethembravelyandtrytoovercomethem.A.meets;hadB.meets;willhaveC.willmeet;has(2014黑龙江哈尔滨)B (   )7.—IwanttoknowifMaria______usinthefashionshowtonight.—Ibelieveifshe______herhomework,shewilljoinus.A.joins;finishes          B.willjoin;finishesC.joins;willfinish      D.willjoin;willfinish(2014湖北咸宁)B ()8.—ThestudentsofGrade9inChangchunhavetotakepartintheP.E.testfrom2016.—Yes._______youwanttopassitandbestronger,practicemore.A.UntilB.IfC.UnlessD.Or(2016吉林长春)()9.—Wewillfailtheexam_______westudyhard.—That’swhywearetryingourbesttopreparefortheexam.A.untilB.whenC.unlessD.how(2016湖北十堰)BC ()10.—Thenovelseemsalittleboring.—Youwon’tenjoyit_______youputyourheartintoit.A.whenB.ifC.afterD.unless(2016江苏泰州)()11.We_______forapicnicifit_______rainthisSunday.willgo;doesn’tB.willgo;won’tC.go;doesn’t(2016湖南邵阳)()12.—Shallwegonow?—No,let’swait______therainstops.A.untilB.whenC.ifD.as(2016四川攀枝花)DAA ()13.—Mom,couldIwatchthegameshownow?—Sorry,youcan’twatchit______youcleanyourroom.A.whenB.ifC.afterD.until(2016四川资阳)D ()14.—Ithinkeveryoneshouldplayapartinsavingourenvironment.—Iagree.Forexample,therewillbelessairpollution_______wedriveless.A.ifB.soC.though(2016福建厦门)()15.—Whenshallwebeginourtrip?—We’llsetout_______ourheadteacherarrives.A.assoonasB.eversinceC.sothatD.eventhough(2016青海西宁)AA ()16.Thebookis_______interesting_______Ican’tputitdown.A.so;thatB.such;thatC.too;toD.very;that(2016广西贺州)()17.—Ireallywanttojointhesquaredance.CanIlearnthedancewell?—Yes,Mom!Nothingisimpossible_______youputyourheartintoit!A.aslongasB.assoonasc.evenifD.unless(2016湖北随州)AA ()18.Iusuallysleepwiththewindowopen_______it’sreallycold.A.ifB.becauseC.soD.unless(2016江苏淮安)()19.I’mgoingtotakehimtosomefamoushutongs_______hecanlearnmoreaboutChina.A.becauseB.whenC.sothatD.asif(2014江苏盐城)CD Ⅱ.根据汉语意思完成英语句子，每空词数不限。1.除非我拿到驾照，否则我不能开我父亲的车。Ican’tdrivemy_______car_____Igetmydrivinglicense.(2016福建福州)2.你讲得太快了，我听不懂。能再说一次吗？Youspoke__fast____ICouldn’tunderstandyou.Wouldyousayitagain?(2016广东广州)sothatfather’sunless 3.除非有医院的证明，否则你必须参加体育测试。You’rerequiredtotake_______intheP.E.test_______youhaveadoctor’snote.(2016甘肃白银)4.如果明天不下雨，我的家人将去野餐。________________________,myfamilywillgoforapicnic.(2016辽宁丹东)5.一收到妈妈的来信，她就立刻启程回家。Shewillsetoffforhomeatonceassoonasshe___________hermother.(hear)(2015湖北黄冈)Ifitdoesn’traintomorrowpartunlesshearsfrom 三、定语从句考点一：当先行词为物时，可用that/which引导定语从句，that/which在从句中作主语或宾语(作宾语时可省略)。考点二：当先行词为人时，可用who/that引导定语从句，who/that在从句中作主语或宾语(作宾语时可省略)。 考点三：关系代词的特殊用法只能用that情况(1)先行词为不定代词all,few,little,much,everything,nothing等时。(2)先行词被序数词或形容词的最高级修饰时。(3)先行词被all,any,every,few,little,no,some等不定代词修饰时。(4)先行词被theonly,thevery,thelast,thesame等修饰时。 (5)当主句是以who或which开头的特殊疑问句时。(6)先行词既有人又有物时。(7)time作先行词且前面有序数词或last修饰时，定语从句用that引导；如果没有序数词或last修饰时，既可用when也可用that来引导。2.只能用which的情况(1)关系代词作介词的宾语时，用“介词+which”结构。 (2)引导非限制性定语从句时，只能用which。考点四：关系副词的用法1.when引导的定语从句修饰表示时间的先行词。2.where在句中作状语，表示地点。3.why在句中作状语，表示原因。 【中考链接】(   )1.People______overweightneedmorewaterthanthinpeople.A.whois                   B.whichareC.thatis                    D.whoare(2014内蒙古呼和浩特)(   )2.“Whatkindofmusicdoyoulike,Rosa?”“Ilovemusic______isquietandgentle.”A.thatB.whoC.where(2014贵州贵阳）DA (   )3.—Whatareyoulookingfor?—I’mlookingforthebook______youlentmeyesterday.A.what           B.whoC.when      D.不填(2014湖北随州)(   )4.Helikeslow-carbonlife.Helivesinthehouse______hebuilthimselfoutoftrash.A.where                   B.whatC.which                    D.inwhich(2014湖北十堰)DC 5.()Shiyan is one of the best places______people would like to visit．A.that B.which C.where D.who（2016湖北十堰）6.()Great changes have taken place in ourcity in the past ten years.Everything______comes into sight is so new to me．A．that B．which C．who D．whom（2016广东）AA