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  • 2022-06-17 15:49:44 发布

小学英语语法名词复数形式

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语法:  l知识目标要求:知道名词有单复数形式  [分解]  名词一般可分为:专有名词(如:theGreatWall,BigBen,Amy,China,etc)  普通名词(分为可数名词和不可数名词)  不可数名词没有复数(如:somewater,aglassofwater,somerice,someink,要表达复数,需要与量词一起使用:aglassofmilk,acupoftea)  可数名词变复数的基本规则:  1)以s,x,o,ch,sh结尾的名词-es如:potato—potatoes,tomato—tomatoes,bus—buses,box—boxes,watch—watches,match—matches,sandwich—sandwiches,fish--fishes  2)一般的名词–s如:book—books,chair—chairs,radio—radios,photo—photos  3)辅音字母加y结尾的单词,该y为i,-es如:story—stories,factory—factories  元音字母加y结尾的单词,直接加s如:boy—boys,toy—toys  4)不规则变化的名词  woman—women,policeman—policemen,postman—postmen,wife—wives,leaf—leaves,wolf—wolves,child—children,foot—feet,goose—geese,penny—pence,  l知识目标要求:知道主要人称代词的区别  [分解] 英语中要知道有八种人称、五种格,如下表:  主格  宾格  形容词性  物主代词  名词性  物主代词  反身代词  第一人称单数  I  me  my  mine  myself  第一人称复数  we  us  our  ours  ourselves  第二人称单数  you  you  your  yours  yourself  第二人称复数  you  you  your  yours  yourselves  第三人称单数  he  him  his  his  himself  she  her  her  hers  herself  it  it  its  its  itself  第三人称复数  they  them  their  theirs  theirs  主要用法区别,见例句:  Iamapupil.HehelpsmewithmyEnglish.Thisisyourbookandthatismine.  Shecangotoschoolbyherself.  用法区别归纳:  主语用主格;动词后用宾格;形容词性物主代词后有名词;  名词性物主代词等于形容词性物主代词加名词;  主语和宾语人称一致时,宾语用反身代词。  l知识目标要求:知道动词在不同情况下会有形式上的变化  [分解]  动词共有五种形式,小学阶段只学习四种:原形,过去式形式,第三人称单数形式,现在分词形式(-ing形式)。还有,过去分词形式。  动词的不同形式使用在不同的情况下:例句  1.以下情况使用动词原形  I/We/You/You/Theygotoworkbymotorbike.(一般现在时态,第一/第二人称单复数后,第三人称复数后)  Doyouoftenhavebreakfastinthemorning?  Doeshe/shewatchTVinthe evening?  Theydidn’twanttoeatinarestaurant.  Youshouldtidyyourroom.  (助动词do,does,did后,情态动词can,man,must,should,could后。)  2.以下情况使用动词第三人称单数形式  Marygoestoworkbycar.(一般现在时态,第三人称单数后)  Hehasgotaveryexpensivecar.  3.以下情况使用动词过去式形式  Wehadapicnicintheparkyesterday.  Heplayedtheerhuatthepartylastweek.(一般过去时态句子中)  4.以下情况使用动词-ing形式  We’relearningEnglishnow.  He’slisteningtome.  Myfatherisworkinginthefield.  (现在进行时态,助动词be(am/is/are)+doing)  l知识目标要求:了解表示时间、地点和位置的介词  [分解]  表示时间的介词:  inspring/insummer/inautumn/inwinter  inJanuary/February  in1998  inthemorning/afternoon/evening  onMonday/Tuesday…  onmybirthday/ontheweekend  表示地点的介词:  intheschool/myhome/theroom  athome/atwok/school  gettoLondon,arriveattheairport  表示位置的介词:  onthedesk/inthepencilbox/underthechair/infrontofme/behindthetree/  ontherightofme/ontheleftofLily/between…and…/overtheriver/  throughthetunnel/(go)pastthebuilding/  l知识目标要求:了解英语简单句的基本形式和表意功能  [分解]  简单句的六种基本句型  1.主系表结构  Iam=I’mIwas…  Weare=We’reWewere…  Youare=You’reYouwere…  Youare=You’reYouwere…  Heis=HeisHewas…  Sheis=SheisShewas…  Itis=It’sItwas…  ThisisThiswas…  Thatis=That’sThatwas…   Tomis=Tom’sTomwas…  Myfatheris=Myfather’sMyfatherwas…  Theseare=These’reThesewere…  Thoseare=Those’reThosewere…  Theyare=They’reTheywere…  TomandMaryareTomandMarywere…  2.主谓宾结构  IoftengototheparkonSunday.WeoftengototheparkonSunday.  YouoftengototheparkonSunday.YouoftengototheparkonSunday.  MaryoftengoestotheparkonSunday.HeoftengoestotheparkonSunday.  SheoftengoestotheparkonSunday.ItoftengoestotheparkonSunday.  Helenwroteabookaboutherlife.WewatchedTVlastnight.  Youateanicecreamyesterday.YouhelpedthepeopleinSichuan.  Heplayedfootballlastweek.ShedidherhomeworklastSunday.  Itateitsbonejustnow.GeorgeandHelenwentforawalkaftersupper.  DoI…?DidI…?  Dowe…?Didwe…?  Doyou…?Didyou…?  Doyou…?Didyou…?  Doeshe…?Didhe…?  Doesshe…?Didshe…?  Doesit…?Didit…?  Doesthedog…?Didthedog…?  Doesyourfather…?Didyourfather…?  Dothey…?Didthey…?  3.主谓结构  Ioftenswiminsummer.Helistenscarefullyinclass.  4.主谓宾宾  小学阶段熟知以下几个动词后常跟双宾语结构:buy,give,send,show  Iboughtmysonapresent.=Iboughtapresentformyson.  Mymothergavemeacomputer.=Mymothergaveacomputertome.  Lilysentherteacherapostcard.=Lilysentapostcardtoherteacher.  IwanttoshowyouthepresentfromChina.=IwanttoshowthepresentfromChinatoyou.  5.主谓宾宾补  了解这种结构:  Wemustkeepourclassroomclean.  Shemademeangry.  l了解问候、告别、感谢、致歉、介绍、请求等交际功能的基本表达形式。  [分解]  了解上述交际功能的表达形式,并熟练地在真实情景中运用。  问候:Hi./Hello./Goodmorning./Goodafternoon./Goodevening./  Howareyou(doing)?  (打招呼)Nicetoseeyou./Pleasedtomeetyou./Nicetoseeyouagain.  告别:Bye./Byebye./Goodbye./Seeyou(nexttime/tomorrow)/Good night.  感谢:Thankyou(verymuch)./Thanksalot./Manythanks./Ireallyappreciateyourhelp.  致歉:I’m(very/so)sorry./Sorry./Excuseme.  介绍:Iwanttointroduce…/I’dliketointroduce…/Thisis…  请求:Willyouplease…?/Wouldyouplease…?/Canyou…?