高考英语语法精练精析-虚拟语气 5页

嘉兴英语教学网www.jxenglish.com收集整理欢迎使用11．虚拟语气1.Ifshehadworkedharder,she______.A.wouldsucceedB.hadsucceededC.shouldsucceedD.wouldhavesucceeded答：D。与过去事实相反的虚拟语气：从句用过去完成式(haddone)，主句用would(should，might，could)+现在完成式(havedone)的形式。2.IwishI_________youyesterday.A.seenB.didseeC.hadseenD.weretosee答：C。wish后接虚拟浯气的从句，若表示与现在事实相反的愿望，谓语用过去式，若表示与过去事实相反的愿望，谓语用过去完成式，若表示与将来事实相反的愿望，谓语用would+动词原形．如：IwishIweretenyearsyoungernow我希望我现在年轻十岁。IwishIwouldbeascientist.我希望我将成为一名科学家。3.Ifmylawyer__________herelastSaturday,he__________mefromgoing.A.hadbeen,wouldhavepreventedB.hadbeen.wouldpreventC.were,wouldpreventD.were,wouldhaveprevented答：A．从时间状语lastSaturday可知是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气。4.Withoutelectricityhumanlife___________quitedifferenttoday.A.isB.willbeC.wouldhavebeenD.wouldbe答：D。此题考查的足虚拟语气的含蓄条件句，从时间状语today可判断是与现在事实相反的虚极语气。5.—Ifhe_______,he_______thatfood.—Luckilyhewassenttothehospitalimmediately.A.waswarned,wouldnottakeB.hadbeenwarned,wouldnothavetakenC.wouldbewarned,hadnottakenD.wouldhavebeenwarned,hadnottaken答：B。从Luckilyhewassentto...可判断前一句是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气。6.ItoldSallyhowtogetthere,butperhaps1___________forher.A.hadtowriteitoutB.musthavewrittenitoutC.shouldhavewrittenitoutD.oughttowriteitout答：C。shouldhavedone表示本来应该做但事实上没有做的事，表现出遗憾，责备。埋怨的语气。7.Ididn’tseeyoursisteratthemeeting.Ifshe_________,shewouldhavemetmybrother.A.hascomeB.didcomeC.cameD.hadcome答：D。从主句shewouldhavemet..可判断是与过去事实相反的虚报语气。8.Whenapencilispartlyinaglassofwater,itlooksasifit___________A.breaksB.hasbroken第5页共5页 嘉兴英语教学网www.jxenglish.com收集整理欢迎使用C.werebrokenD.hadbeenbroken答：C。从句的时态可说明是与现在事实相反的虚报语气。9.Youdidn’tletmedrive.Ifwe_____inturn,you________sotired.A.drove,didn’tgetB.drove,wouldn’tgetC.weredriving,wouldn’tD.haddriven,wouldn’thavegot答：D。从Youdidn’tletmedrive时态可知是与过去相反的虚报语气。10.IfIhad_______,I’dvisitEurope,stoppingatallthesmallinterestingplaces.A.alongenoughholidayB.anenoughlongholidayC.aholidayenoughlongD.alongholidayenough答：A。enough做副词用时，放在它所修饰的形容词或副词之后。11.Thetwostrangerstalkedasifthey________friendsforyears.A.shouldbeB.wouldbeC.havebeenD.hadbeen答：D。从句子中时态talked可知asif引导的从句是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，另外foryears也是判断此答的重要信息。12.________itraintomorrow,wehavetoputoffthevisittoYangpuBridge.A.WereB.ShouldC.WouldD.Will答：B。为虚拟语气的倒装句，相当于Ifitshouldraintomorrow万一明天下雨。13.Withouttheairtoholdsomeofthesun’sheat,theearthatnight_______,toocoldforustolive.A.wouldbefreezingB.willbefreezingC.wouldbefrozencoldD.canfreezecoldly答：A。此题考查的是虚拟浯气的含蓄条件句，所谓含蓄条件句就是条件从句井非是用if引导的从句来表示的，而是通过上下文或介词短语来表示的。如：Underfavora-bleconditions,wecouldhavefinishedtheworkaheadoftime.要是在更有利的条件下，我们就会提前完成这项工作。Hecouldhavecome,buthewasbusythen.=Ifhehadnotbeenbusythen,hecouldhavecome.14.Ifonlyhe_________quietlyasthedoctorinstructed,hewouldnotsuffersomuchnow.A.liesB.layC.hadlainD.shouldlie答：C。此题考查的是虚拟浯气的错综时间条件句，从句和主句在时间上不一致，从句所表示的是与过去事实相反的虚拟，而主句表示的是与现在事实相反的虚拟。15.—Wecouldhavegonetherebybus.—Yes,otherwisewe_______late.A.weren’tB.hadn’tbeenC.couldn’tbeD.couldn’thavebeen答：D。Wecouldhavegonetherebybus意为“我们本来是能够坐汽车去那里”，但实际上并没有坐汽车去那里，相当于Wedidn’tgotherebybus。若将这一真实情况变成一个与事实相反的嵌设，则为Ifwehadgonetherebybus,wecouldn’thavebeenlate。第5页共5页 嘉兴英语教学网www.jxenglish.com收集整理欢迎使用16.Theteacherdemandedthattheexam______beforeeleven.A.mustfinishB.wouldbefinishedC.befinishedD.mustbefinished答：C。在表示请求、命令、建议、要求的词后的从句中应使用(should)+动词原形的虚拟语气形式。如：Hesuggestedthatwebethereintime.17.Iwouldn’thavesucceeded___________forhishelpthen.A.hadn’titbeenB.wereitnotC.haditbeennotD.haditnotbeen答：D。此题考查对虚拟语气倒装的掌握。ifitweren’tfor...和ifithadn’tbeenfor…表示“多亏，要不是……的情况下”，也可用butfor短语来表示。这两个句型倒装时仅需记住一句话：not总在“之后。如：Wewouldn’thavefinishedtheworkhaditnotbeenforhishelp.要不是他的帮助，我们就不能完成这项工作。18.Ifit______forthesnow,we______themountainyesterday.A.werenot,couldhaveclimbedB.werenot.couldclimbC.hadnotbeen,couldhaveclimbedD.hadnotbeen,couldclimb答：C。根据yesterday这一信息词，可判断是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气。19.Yesterday,Janewalkedawayfromthediscussion.Otherwise,she________somethingshewouldregretlater.A.hadsaidB.saidC.mightsayD.mighthavesaid答：D。此题考查虚拟语气的含蓄条件句，相当于IfJanehadnotwalkedawayfromthediscussion,shemighthavesaidsomethingshewouldregretlater.20.I’dratherhe________here.A.comeB.comesC.cameD.willcome答：C。①wouldrather(not)do...接省去to的不定式。②wouldrather后接从句，从句应用虚拟语气，谓语常用过去式。21.It’shightimeyou___________there.A.goB.wentC.wouldgoD.wouldhavegone答：B。It’stime接从句时，从句用虚拟语气，谓语常用过去式，表示“早就该做”。22.Ifhehadlistenedcarefully,he________theproblemnow.A.canworkontB.couldworkoutC.couldhaveworkedoutD.canhaveworkedout答：B。now为重要信息，可判断此题考查虚拟语气的错综时间条件句。从句与过去事实相反，主句与现在事实相反。23.IfonlyI______asyoungasyouare!A.beingB.amC.beD.were答：D。If引导的感叹句中用虚拟语气，谓语用过去式。24.Itisnecessarythathe________thereintime.第5页共5页 嘉兴英语教学网www.jxenglish.com收集整理欢迎使用A.isB.wasC.wereD.benecessarynaturaldesirableadvisable答：D。Itisstrangethat+(should)+apity动词原形的结ashame构，表示惊奇、nowonder不相信、惋惜、important理应如此等。如：Itwasapity/ashame/nowonderthatyoushouldbesocareless.Itisnecessary/important/natural/desirable/advisable/strangethatweshouldcleantheroomeveryday.25.Myadviceisthathe________thereatonce.A.goB.goesC.wentD.going答：advice,idea,order,demand,plan,proposal,suggestion,request等名词后的表语从句和同位语从句，其谓语动词要用虚拟语气的结构“(shoul)+动词原形“。如Weallagreedtohissuggestionthatwe(should)gototheSummerPalace.26.Whatshouldwedoifit_______tomorrow?A.shouldsnowB.wouldsnowC.snowD.willsnow答：A。ifitshouldsnow万一下雪27.He______thetest,buthewasn’tcarefulenough.A.couldhavepassedB.wereabletopassC.musthavepassedD.mightbeabletopass答：A。此题考查虚拟语气的含蓄条件句。hewasn’tcarefulenough)为真实情况，若变成与实际相反的假设，应是Ifhehadbeencarefulenough,hecouldhavepassed。28.—HaveyoueverbeentoBeijing?—No,butIwishI_________.A.haveB.willC.doD.had答：D.相当于IwishIhadeverbeentoBeijing.29.Mothersuggestedwe_________TVbeforewehavefinishedourhomework.A.notwatchingB.nottowatchC.didn’twatchD.notwatch答：D。suggest后接“(should)+动词原形”的虚拟语气。30.Thedoctor’swordssuggestedthattheoldman___________seriouslyiii.A.beB.wasC.wereD.tobe答：B。suggest此处作“暗示，表明”解，后边从句不用虚拟语气。31.OurEnglishteacherinsistedthatit___________importanttostudyEnglishwell.A.beB.wasC.isD.tohe答：B。insist作“强调’解时，后边的从句不用虚拟语气。若作·坚持，主张”解后边的从句用虚拟语气，其谓语用“(should)+动词原形”的形式。32.Ifyou______atschool,you______acollegestudentnow.第5页共5页 嘉兴英语教学网www.jxenglish.com收集整理欢迎使用A.hadstudiedhard,wouldhavebeenB.shouldhavestudiedhard,shouldhavebeenC.hadstudiedhard.wouldbeD.wouldstudyhard,musthavebeen答:B。此题为虚拟语气的错综时间条件句，从句与过去事实相反，主句与现在事实相反。33.—Wecouldhavewalkedtothestation,itwassonear.—Yes.Ataxi________atallnecessary.A.wasn’tB.hadn’tbeenC.wouldn’tbeD.won’tbe答：A。出租车役必要是真实情况。34.Afewminutesearlierandwe____thetrain.A.havecaughtB.hadcaughtC.couldhavecaughtD.weretocatch答：C。名词短语+and…句式，相当于Ifwehadstartedoutafewminutesearlier,wecouldhavecaughtthetrain.35.I________yousomemoney,but]hadn’tanyonmethen.A.wouldlendB.wouldhavelentC.couldlendD.mayhavelent答：B。but1hadn’tanyonmethen为真实情况，若变成与实际相反酶靛设，应为IfIhadhadmoneyonmethenIwouldhavelentyousomemoney.36.Shemadethedemandthatshe_____atonce.A.leaveB.leavesC.leftD.tobeleft答：A。demand后的同位语从句或表语从句应用“should+动词原形”的虚拟语气，should可省略。37.Theyoungmaninsistedthathe_________nothingwrongand_________free.A.did,setB.haddone,shouldbesetC.do,besetD.haddone,mustbeset答：B。此句意为：“那位年轻人强调说他没有做过什么错事，并且坚持应释放他。”insist作“坚持，主张”解应用“(should)+动词原形”的虚拟语气，若作“强调”解时，不用虚拟结构。38.—1befreetomorrow,Icouldgowithyou.A.CouldB.ShouldC.MightD.Must答：B。should表示“万一”。此句意为“万一我明天有空，我就和你一起去。”第5页共5页