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小学英语语法大全完美版(含练习)

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woed版-精品资料目录概述...............................................................................................................................1第一讲句子................................................................................................................2第二讲名词................................................................................................................4第三讲冠词................................................................................................................7第四讲代词................................................................................................................9第五讲形容词和数词................................................................................................11第六讲副词................................................................................................................14第七讲介词................................................................................................................15第八讲连词................................................................................................................17第九讲动词................................................................................................................18第十讲语法的基本概念............................................................................................20第十一讲一般现在时................................................................................................22第十二讲现在进行时................................................................................................24第十三讲一般过去时................................................................................................26第十四讲一般将来时................................................................................................28第十五讲句法............................................................................................................30第十六讲话题............................................................................................................32精品资料分享 woed版-精品资料概述英语语法是什么:英语语法是针对英语语言进行研究后,英语语法系统地总结归纳出来的一系列语言规则。英语语法的精髓在于掌握语言的使用。英语语法是分类的,分为词法和句法。小学英语语法和初高中相比较,只是在语法数量和难易程度上有差别。英语有些方面是有一些规律可循的,但是英语还有它另外一个显著的特点,那就是知识点的零碎、分散。万丈高楼从地起,想要学好英语,那就需要注重英语基础。基础打牢才会越学越轻松。对于小学语法的讲解,将会从词法、句法、时态三个方面展开:【词法】八大词法:名词形容词副词代词 动词数词介词冠词【句法】七种句型:陈诉句、疑问句(一般疑问句、选择疑问句、特殊疑问句)祈使句、被动句、Therebe句型、if条件句、感叹句【时态】四种时态:一般现在时、现在进行时、一般过去时、一般将来时精品资料分享 woed版-精品资料第一讲:句子精品资料分享 woed版-精品资料精品资料分享 woed版-精品资料精品资料分享 woed版-精品资料第二讲:名词名词的定义:名词是指表示人和事物名称的词,可以分为专有名词和普通名词两大类。一:名词的种类:专有名词普通名词国名地名人名,团体机构名称可数名词不可数名词个体名词集体名词抽象名词物质名词1、专有名词:特定的人、地方、机构等专有的名称。第一个字母通常要大写。e.g.JimGreen,NewYork,BankofChina,PekingUniversity星期、月份、节日、学科、报刊名也是专有名词。e.g.Monday,May,Christmas,SpringFestival,Maths,ChinaDaily2、普通名词:表示一类人或物或抽象概念的名称。普通名词又可以分为四类:个体名词——表示某类人或东西中的个体,如:student,desk集体名词——表示若干个体组成的集合体,如:class,family物质名词——表示无法分为个体的物质名称,如:water,rice,sand,hair抽象名词——表示情感,状态,品质等抽象名称,如:love,carelessness个体名词和集体名词多数可以用数目来计算,称为可数名词,有单、复数形式;精品资料分享 woed版-精品资料物质名词和抽象名词通常无法用数目计算,称为不可数名词,一般只有一种形式。注意:①集体名词被看作一个整体时,表达单数概念。e.g.Hisfamilywaswellknowninthetown.他家在镇里是名门望族。②集体名词被看作若干个体的集合时,表达复数概念。e.g.Hisfamilyarewaitingforhim.她的家人正在等他。③集体名词表达多个集体时,也有复数形式。e.g.Ourvillageismadeupof300families.我们村有300户人家。二:名词的数:1.规则名词的复数形式:名词的复数形式,一般在单数形式后面加-s或-es。现将构成方法与读音规则列表如下:规则例词1一般情况在词尾加-smap-maps,sea-seas,girl-girls,day-days2以s,x,ch,sh结尾的名词后加-esclass-classes,box-boxes,watch-watches,dish-dishes3以-f或-fe结尾的词变-f和-fe为v再加-esleaf-leaves,thief-thieves,knife-knives,wife-wives,half-halves加-schief-chiefs,proof-proofs,roof-roofs4以辅音字母加y结尾的名词,变y为i加-esparty-parties,family-families,story-stories,city-cities5以元音字母加y结尾的名词,或专有名词以y结尾的,加-stoy-toys,boy-boys,day-days,ray-rays,Henry-Henrys6以辅音字母加-o结尾的名词一般加-esNegro-Negroes,hero-heroes,potato-potatoes,tomato-tomatoes不少外来词加-spiano-pianos,photo-photos,auto-autos,kilo-kilos,solo-solos两者皆可zero-zeros/zeroes,volcano-volcanoes/volcanos7以元音字母加-o结尾的名词加-sradio-radios,bamboo-bamboos,zoo-zoos8以-th结尾的名词加-struth-truths,mouth-mouths,month-months,path-paths,2.不规则名词复数:英语里有些名词的复数形式是不规则的,现归纳如下:规则例词1改变名词中的元音字母或其他形式man-men,woman-women,foot-feet,goose-geese,mouse-mice2单复数相同sheep,deer,means,works,fish,yuan,jin,3只有复数形式trousers,clothes,thanks,goods,glasses,精品资料分享 woed版-精品资料4一些集体名词总是用作复数people,police5部分集体名词既可以作单数(整体)也可以作复数(成员)class,family,crowd,couple,group,government,population,team,public,party6复数形式表示特别含义customs(海关),times(时代),spirits(情绪),drinks(饮料),sands(沙滩),papers(文件报纸),looks(外表),brains(头脑智力),greens(青菜)7表示“某国人”加-sAmericans,Australians,Germans,Greeks,Swedes,Europeans单复数同形Swiss,Portuguese,Chinese,Japanese以-man或-woman结尾的改为-men,-womenEnglishmen,Frenchwomen8合成名词将主体名词变为复数sons-in-law,lookers-on,passers-by,story-tellers,boyfriends无主体名词时将最后一部分变为复数grown-ups,housewives,stopwatches将两部分变为复数womensingers,menservants三、名词的所有格:名词在句中表示所有关系的语法形式叫做名词所有格。所有格分两种:一是名词词尾加’s构成,二是由介词of加名词构成。前者多表示有生命的东西,后者多表示无生命的东西。1.’s所有格的构成:单数名词在末尾加’stheboy’sfather,Jack’sbook,herson-in-law’sphoto,复数名词一般在末尾加’theteachers’room,thetwins’mother,不规则复数名词后加’sthechildren’stoys,women’srights,以s结尾的人名所有格加’s或者’Dickens’novels,Charles’sjob,theSmiths’house表示各自的所有关系时,各名词末尾均须加’sJapan’sandAmerica’sproblems,Jane’sandMary’sbikes表示共有的所有关系时在最后一词末加’sJapanandAmerica’sproblems,JaneandMary’sfather表示"某人家""店铺",所有格后名词省略thedoctor’s,thebarber’s,thetailor’s,myuncle’s2.’s所有格的用法:1表示时间today’snewspaper,fiveweeks’holiday2表示自然现象theearth’satmosphere,thetree’sbranches3表示国家城市等地方的名词thecountry’splan,theworld’spopulation,China’sindustry4表示工作群体theship’screw,majority’sview,theteam’svictory5表示度量衡及价值amile’sjourney,fivedollars’worthofapples精品资料分享 woed版-精品资料6与人类活动有特殊关系的名词thelife’stime,theplay’splot7某些固定词组abird’seyeview,astone’sthrow,atone’swit’send(不知所措)3.of所有格的用法:用于无生命的东西:thelegsofthechair,thecoverofthebook用于有生命的东西,尤其是有较长定语时:theclassroomsofthefirst-yearstudents用于名词化的词:thestruggleoftheoppressed练习:bus-lunch-car-man-toy-family-potato-life-child-Chinese-fox-baby-1.Theresomewineinthebottle.A.isB.areC.beD.being2.Miceafraidofcats.A.isB.areC.wasD.be3.Mathematicsmyfavouritesubject.A.isB.areC.beD.were4.Myfatherhasalmost.A.twohundredsheepB.twohundredsheepsC.twohundredssheepD.twohundredssheeps5.Thereareinthepark.A.sixchildB.sixchildsC.sixchildrenD.sixchildrens第三讲:冠词冠词分为不定冠词(a,an),定冠词(the),和零冠词。I.不定冠词的用法:不定冠词a,an用在单数可数名词前面,泛指一类人或物中的任何一个。1指一类人或事,相当于akindofAplaneisamachinethatcanfly.2第一次提及某人某物,非特指Aboyiswaitingforyou.3表示“每一”相当于every,oneWestudyeighthoursaday.4表示“相同”相当于thesameWearenearlyofanage.5用于人名前,表示不认识此人或与某名人有类似性质的人或事AMr.SmithcametovisityouwhenyouwereoutThatboyisratheraLeiFeng.6用于固定词组中Acoupleof,abit,onceuponatime,inahurry,haveawalk,manyatime7用于quite,rather,many,half,what,such之后Thisroomisratherabigone.8用于so(as,too,how)+形容词之后Sheisascleveragirlasyoucanwishtomeet.精品资料分享 woed版-精品资料II.定冠词的用法:定冠词the用在单数或复数可数名词前,也可用在不可数名词前。1表示某一类人或物Thehorseisausefulanimal.2用于世上独一无二的事物名词前theuniverse,themoon,thePacificOcean3表示说话双方都了解的或上文提到过的人或事Wouldyoumindopeningthedoor?4用于乐器前面playtheviolin,playtheguitar5用于形容词和分词前表示一类人thereach,theliving,thewounded6表示“一家人”或“夫妇”theGreens,theWangs7用于序数词和形容词副词比较级最高级前Heisthetallerofthetwochildren.8用于国家党派等以及江河湖海,山川群岛的名词前theUnitedStates,theCommunistPartyofChina,theFrench9用于表示发明物的单数名词前ThecompasswasinventedinChina.10在逢十的复数数词之前,指世纪的某个年代inthe1990’s11用于表示单位的名词前Ihiredthecarbythehour.12用于方位名词,身体部位名词,及表示时间的词组前Hepattedmeontheshoulder.III.零冠词的用法:零冠词:名词前不用冠词的情况。1专有名词,物质名词,抽象名词,人名地名等名词前BeijingUniversity,Jack,China,love,air2名词前有this,my,whose,some,no,each,every等限制Iwantthisbook,notthatone./Whosepurseisthis?3季节,月份,星期,节假日,一日三餐前March,Sunday,NationalDay,spring4表示职位,身份,头衔的名词前LincolnwasmadePresidentofAmerica.5学科,语言,球类,棋类名词前Helikesplayingfootball/chess.6与by连用表示交通工具的名词前bytrain,byair,byland7以and连接的两个相对的名词并用时husbandandwife,knifeandfork,dayandnight8表示泛指的复数名词前Horsesareusefulanimals.练习:1.Thereis_____notebookonmydesk.Iuse_____notebooktokeepadiary.2.Thereis______bottleonthetable._____waterinitissweet.3.Wang"smotheris______Englishteacher.Sheteachesin_____primaryschool.精品资料分享 woed版-精品资料4.Chinais______ancientcountrywith_____longhistory.5.Chinahas_____populationof12hundredmillion._____Chinesepeopleare_____greatpeople.6.Hermotheris_____universityteacher.Sheis_____honestwoman.7.Noneof_____booksshouldbetakenoutof_____roomwithout_____permissionof_____librarian.8._____Partyalwaysteachesustoworkfor_____peopleheartandsoul.9.Shestudiesat____No.3MiddleSchool.Shegoesto____schoolby____buseveryday.10.Myeldersisteris_____studentof_____English.Shestudiesat_____college.11.______Mondaybefore_____SpringFestivalwasverycold.12.Haveyouhad______dinner?13.Helivesin______Shanghai.14.Sheiswearing______sunglasses.15.Areyou______busy?16.Ihave______money.17.DoesLisawanttobe______actress?18.Oriis______beststudentinourclass.19.Arethoseyour______shoes?20.Mysisterisplaying______piano.第四讲:代词1、人称代词:表示“我、你、他、她、它、我们、你们、他们”的词。我你他她它我们你们他们主格Iyouhesheitweyouthey宾格meyouhimheritusyouthem①主格一般用在句子开头做主语,通常用在动词前。e.g.Iamastudent.Theyarecleaningtheclassroom.②宾格可以用来表示动作行为的对象,一般用在动词和介词后面。e.g.Askher,please.Listentomecarefully.2、物主代词:表示所有关系的代词叫物主代词。我的你的他的她的它的我们的你们的他们的形容词性myyourhisheritsouryourtheir名词性mineyourshishersitsoursyourstheirs①形容词性物主代词后面一般要带上名词。如:mywatch,hiscousin,ourschool精品资料分享 woed版-精品资料②名词性物主代词本身就可以看作是名词,故其后不能再加名词,可单独使用。e.g.—Isthatyourbike?—No.Mineisblue.3、不定代词:没有明确指定代替某个(些)人或物的词叫不定代词。(1)some和any都表示“一些”,既可以修饰可数名词,也可以修饰不可数名词。①some多用在肯定句中,any多用在否定句和疑问句中。e.g.Therearesomeflowersinthegarden.(肯定句)Thereisn’tanymilkinthefridge.(否定句)Doyouhaveanyhobbies?(疑问句)②在表示邀请和希望对方给予肯定回答的疑问句中也要用some。e.g.—Wouldyoulikesomecoffee?—Yes,please.(邀请)—Mum,canIhavesomepeaches?—Sure.(希望对方给予肯定回答)(2)both和all①both表示“两个都……”,只指代或修饰可数名词。e.g.Wearebothpolicemen.(强调两人)②all表示“三个或三个以上都……”,既可指代或修饰可数名词,也可指代或修饰不可数名词。e.g.Theyareallintheroom.(至少三人)(3)many和much都表示“许多”,many修饰可数名词,much修饰不可数名词。e.g.Myunclehasmanystamps.Thereismuchteainthecup.(4)each和everyeach强调个人,指两个或两个以上的人或事物中的“每个”;every是指许多人或事物的“全体”,与all的意思相近。e.g.I’llbuyapresentforeachofherparents.我要为她的父母每人买一件礼物。Everybookinhisstudyisinteresting.他书房里的每本书都很有趣。(5)other作形容词时意思是“其他的”,指尚未提到的部分,其后一般接复数名词。e.g.WestudyChinese,English,Mathsandothersubjects.(6)something和everything①something某事;某物e.g.Iwantsomethingtodrink.②everything一切事物;每样事物e.g.Tellmeeverythingaboutyou.(7)nobody没有人e.g.Shelikesnobodyandnobodylikesher.4、疑问代词:用来表达疑问或构成疑问句的代词,一般放在疑问句的句首。what问什么—What’syourname?—MynameisTom.Whatcolour问颜色—Whatcolourisyourcoat?—It’sred.whatday问星期—Whatdayisittoday?—It’sMonday.whatdate问日期—Whatdateisittoday?—It’sthefirstofJune.whatshape问形状—Whatshapeisthemoon?—It’sround.what…job问工作—What’syourfather’sjob?—He’sabusdriver.whattime问时间—Whattimeisit?—It’steno’clock.when问时候—Whenisyourbirthday?—It’sonthefirstofMay.精品资料分享 woed版-精品资料which问哪个—Whichisyourwatch,thisoneorthatone?—Thatone.where问地点—Whereismypen?—It’sonthefloor.who问谁—Whoistheboywithbigeyes?—He’sLiuTao.whose问谁的—Whosebagisthis?—It’sHelen’s.why问原因—Whyareyouabsenttoday?—I’mill.how问方式—Howdoyougotoschool?—Bybus.howmany问数量—Howmanybooksarethere?—Therearefive.howmuch问价钱—Howmuchisit?—Twentyyuan.howold问年龄—Howoldareyou?—I’mtwelve.howfar问距离—Howfarisitfromhere?—It’saboutonekilometer.howabout问情况—I’mthirsty.Howaboutyou?—Me,too.5、指示代词①this(这个)、these(这些)表示在时间上或空间上较近的人或物。②that(那个)、those(那些)表示在时间上或空间上较远的人或物。选择题:1.OriandMariaregoodfriends.______studytogether.A.TheyB.SheC.HeD.Them2.MariandIarefromEngland.______areEnglish.A.TheyB.WeC.SheD.It3.Iamgoingtoplaytenniswith______.A.SheB.herC.heD.his4.Mari:Whereismypencil?Ori:______isonthesofa.A.ItB.OneC.TheyD.Its5.Ori:Doyouhaveacomputer?Mari:Yes,Ihave______.A.itB.themC.oneD.ones第五讲:形容词和数词形容词用来修饰名词或代词,表示人或事物的性质、状态和特征。它的位置通常放在被修饰的名词前,也可以放在be动词和look、feel、taste、sound、get之后。一、形容词的种类1.用来表示性质或状态的描述形容词Loveisblue.(爱情是忧郁的。)2.指代事物的指示形容词Thatstudentissmart.(那个学生很聪明)3.属于数量形容词的不定量形容词(1)表示“数”的形容词用来修饰可数名词many(很多的)Therearemanydogsinthepark.afew(几个,一些)Ihaveafewtickets.few(几乎没有的)Ihavefewfriends.精品资料分享 woed版-精品资料(1)表示“量”的形容词用来修饰不可数名词much(很多的)Thereismuchmilkinthebottle.alittle(一点的)Thereisalittlesoupinthebowl.Little(几乎没有的)Thereislittlesoupinthebowl.(2)可数与不可数名词均可修饰some,any,alotof(=lotsof),noShehassomefriends.Shehassomemoney.4.属于数量形容词的数词(1)基数词:1,2,3......这些表示基本数字的词one,two,three,four,five......基数词:表示数目多少。基数词变序数词记忆口诀:一、二、三,需要记,八去t,九省e,ve结尾时,f来代替,ty结尾时,y变ie,再加th,若是几十几,前基后序别忘记。1one11eleven21twenty-one2two12twelve22twenty-two3three13thirteen30thirty4four14fourteen40forty5five15fifteen50fifty6six16sixteen60sixty7seven17seventeen70seventy8eight18eighteen80eighty9nine19nineteen90ninety10ten20twenty100hundred注意:数字“0”可以读作“zero”,也可以读作字母“o”。(2)序数词:第一、第二、第三......这些表示顺序的词first(1st),second(2nd),third(3rd),fourth(4th)......序数词:表示顺序先后。1stfirst11theleventh21sttwenty-first2ndsecond12thtwelfth22ndtwenty-second3rdthird13ththirteenth30ththirtieth4thfourth14thfourteenth40thfortieth5thfifth15thfifteenth50thfiftieth精品资料分享 woed版-精品资料6thsixth16thsixteenth60thsixtieth7thseventh17thseventeenth70thseventieth8theighth18theighteenth80theightieth9thninth19thnineteenth90thninetieth10thtenth20thtwentieth100thhundredth(1)倍数词:一倍,两倍,三倍等表示倍数的词在英语中,形容词有三个等级,即原级、比较级和最高级。1、表示两者“等同”时用原级,结构为:as+原级+as,表示“xx和xx一样……”e.g.Areyouastallasyourtwinsister?其否定形式结构为:not+as+原级+as,表示“xx和xxx不一样……”e.g.I’mnotastallasyou.2、表示两者“比较”时用比较级,结构为:比较级+than,表示“xx比xxx更……”e.g.He’soneyearyoungerthanme.形容词比较级的构成规则:①一般在词尾加ere.g.taller,longer,stronger,younger②以字母e结尾,只加re.g.late-later,nice-nicer③以辅音字母+y结尾,变y为i,再加ere.g.heavy-heavier④双写末尾的辅音字母,再加ere.g.fat-fatter,thin-thinner,big-bigger⑤双音节和多音节词的比较级,在原级前加moree.g.morebeautiful,morecareful⑥不规则变化e.g.good-better,many/much-more,far-farther,bad/ill-worse3、三个或三个以上的人或物进行比较,用形容词最高级。结构为:the+形容词最高级+in/of等表示范围的短语,表示“最……”。e.g.AutumnisthebestseasoninNewYork.Sheisthetallestgirlofourthree.练习:1.Shanghaiis________thanBeijing.Itis____________cityinourcountry.(large)2.Billisn’tas______asMike.Tomis______thanMike.Whois________ofthethreeboys?(old)3.Marydrawsas______asBill,andsheismuch_______thanhimatsinging.(well,good)精品资料分享 woed版-精品资料4.Springiscoming.Theweatherisgetting________and_________.(warm)5.Tom,JonandIboughtacomputereachlastweek.John’scomputerismuch____________thanTom’sandmine.Itis_________________ofthethree.(expensive)1.Marihas______.A.fewfriendsB.afewfriendsC.littlefriendD.alittlefriends2.DoesMarihave______?A.manybookB.manybooksC.muchbookD.muchbooks3.There______intheparkinglot.A.wasalotofcarB.wasalotofcarsC.werealotofcarD.werealotofcars4.How______thereinthebottle?A.manywineisB.manywinesareC.muchwineisD.muchwinesare5.There______inthislake.A.isn’tmanywaterB.isn’tmuchwaterC.aren’tmanywatersD.aren’tmuchwater第六讲:副词定义:副词是一种用来修饰动词或形容词的词,说明时间、程度、方式等概念。大多数副词都可以放在动词后面。e.g.dancebeautifully,listencarefully,sitquietly,speakloudly,veryhappy副词的分类:大部分副词的形态都是:“形容词+ly”部分副词的形态与其形容词一致1时间副词soon,now,early,finally,once,recently5频度副词always,often,frequently,seldom,never2地点副词here,nearby,outside,upwards,above6疑问副词how,where,when,why3方式副词hard,well,fast,slowly,excitedly,really7连接副词how,when,where,why,whether,精品资料分享 woed版-精品资料however,meanwhile4程度副词almost,nearly,very,fairly,quite,rather8关系副词when,where,why翻译句子1.Thisisahardwork.2.Heworksveryhard.3.Ihadanbreakfast.4.Snowfellearlythiswinter.5.Ihaven’tseenhimlately.6.Hestudiedveryhard.7.HecouldhardlyspeakFrench.第七讲:介词定义:介词又叫前置词,是一种用来表示词与词、词与句之间关系的词,它一般放在名词、代词(宾格)或动词(动词ing形式)前面。1、in①在……里面。如:intheclassroom②in+颜色,穿着……颜色的衣服。如:Who’sthemaninwhite?③in+语言,用某种语言说。如:What’sthisinEnglish?④在上午、下午、晚上。如:inthemorning,intheafternoon,intheevening⑤在年、月、季节前。如:in2008,inAugust,insummer⑥在国家、城市和较大的地方前。如:inChina,inWuxi,intheplayground⑦固定搭配。如:inthemiddleof(在……中间),dowellin(擅长),intheday(在白天),take精品资料分享 woed版-精品资料partin(参加),stayinbed(躺在床上),inthestreet(在街上)2、on①在……上面。如:onthedesk②用在某一天(上、下午)前。如:onthe5thofMay,onSunday,onMondaymorning③以Day结尾的节日前。如:onChildren’sDay,onNewYear’sDay④固定搭配。如:onfoot(步行),onduty(值日),puton(穿上),geton(上车)turnon(打开),ontheright/left(在右边/左边),onthewall(在墙上),onZhongshanRoad(在中山路上)注意:树上长的水果用onthetree;不是树上长的外来物用inthetree。如:Icanseealotofapplesonthetree.Thereisaboyinthetree.3、at①在某个时刻前。如:atseveno’clock②在传统节日前。如:atSpringFestival,atMid-AutumnFestival,atChristmas③在较小的地点。如:atthebusstop④固定搭配。如:atonce(立刻,马上),begoodat(擅长……),lookat(看),athome(在家),atschool(在学校),atweekends(在周末),atthebackof(在……后部),atnight(在夜晚)4、under在……下面如:Thereisacatunderthetable.5、behind在……后面如:Thereisanumbrellabehindthedoor.6、near靠近……如:Thereisaparknearmyhouse.7、beside在……旁边如:Thestudentsarestandingbesidetheteacher.8、nextto紧靠……旁边如:Theteachers’officeisnexttoourclassroom.9、before(时间上)在……之前如:beforeclass(上课前)10、after(时间上)在……之后;依照固定搭配:afterclass(课后),afterschool(放学后),lookafter(照看),runafter(追赶),readafterme(跟我读)11、between在两者之间如:TherearesometreesbetweenBuildingAandBuildingB.12、by乘某种交通工具如:bybus,byplane,bytheway(顺便说一下)13、from①befrom=comefrom(来自……)如:MrSmithsis/comesfromAustralia.②from…to…(从……到……)WegotoschoolfromMondaytoFriday.14、to到、去……如:Let’sgotothezoo.固定搭配:writeto(给xx写信)15、about关于;大约如:Iwanttobuyabookaboutanimals.It’saboutonekilometeraway.16、for为、给……如:Here’saletterforyou.What’sforbreakfast?固定搭配:lookfor(寻找),waitfor(等候)17、with①与……一起。如:I’llgoshoppingwithmymother.②具有某种特征。如:Who’stheboywithbigeyes?③help...with...在某方面帮助某人如:CanyouhelpmewithmyEnglish?④playwith...和……一起玩;拿……玩如:playwithme,playwithayo-yo18、infrontof在……前面如:Thereisatreeinfrontoftheclassroom.inthefrontof在……前部如:Thereisablackboardinthefrontoftheclassroom.19、along沿着,顺着如:Goalongthisstreet.20、as作为如:Whatwouldyoulikeasabirthdaypresent?21、outof从……出来;往……之外如:Thedogisrunningoutofthehouse.22、of……的,属于……如:amapofChina,amapoftheworld精品资料分享 woed版-精品资料23、off离开,在……之外如:keepoffthegrass(勿踏草坪),getoff(下车)24、up向上如:standup(起立),pullupcarrots(拔胡萝卜)25、down向下如:sitdown(坐下),jumpupanddown(上下跳)用合适的介词填空1.Look_____thepicture.It"spicture___myschool.2.Thereisaschoolbuilding____myschool.Ithasfivefloors.______theschoolbuilding,thereisabigplayground.________school,thechildrenalwaysplayballgamesthere.3.Myclassroomis____thefifthfloor.It"sbigandclean.4.MissLiisourclassteacher.Shecomes______schoolearlyeverymorning.Shecomes____bicycle.Thenshedoesmorningexercises______us.Shelikessports.Tomorrowisherbirthday.Wewillmakeacard___her.Weloveherverymuch.5.Therearesomeapples_____thetree.6.–Where’syourstudy?–It’snext____mybedroom.7.Thecar_____thetreeisJack’s.8.Theballis________thedoor,soyoucan’tseeit.9._______________thehouse,therearemanytrees.10.Listen!Someoneisknocking____thedoor.11.Thereissomethingwrong_____mycomputer.第八讲:连词定义:连词,顾名思义,是一种起连接作用的词。1、and“和”,表示并列关系。如:Therearesomedesksandchairsintheclassroom.2、but“但是”,表示转折关系。如:Youcanskatewell,butIcan’t.3、or“还是”,表示选择关系。如:Wouldyoulikeaglassofmilkoracupoftea?注意:在疑问句或否定句中,当表示并列关系时,不用and,而用or。精品资料分享 woed版-精品资料如:Doyouhaveanybrothersorsisters?Idon’thaveanybrothersorsisters.4、than“比”,表示对比关系。如:SuHaijumpsfartherthanSuYang.5、because“因为”,表示因果关系。如:IlikesummerbestbecauseIcangoswimming.6、so“所以”,表示结果关系。如:Helenwasill,soshedidn’tgotoschoolyesterday.选择题1.OriMarihavebeengoodfriends.A.orB.andC.butD.so2.Willyougoonfootbybus?A.orB.andC.butD.so3.Doraisold,shelooksverybeautiful.A.andB.butC.orD.when4.Hurryup,youwillmissthebus.A.orB.andC.butD.so5.Mariwassick,shewenttobedearly.A.andB.soC.forD.or第九讲:动词定义:动词是表示动作或行为的词。可分为及物动词和不及物动词。按其词义和在句子中的作用可以分为连系动词、助动词、情态动词和行为动词。及物动词vt:后面必须跟宾语才有意义,才完整的实义动词。不及物动词vi:本身意义完整,后面不须跟宾语的实义动词。1、be动词(am,is,are)①be动词做谓语时,要与主语在人称和数上保持一致。精品资料分享 woed版-精品资料用法口诀:我用am,你用are,is用在他、她、它,复数全用are。如:Iamateacher.Youareastudent.Sheisanurse.WeareChinese.②be动词的否定形式:amnot(无缩写形式),isnot=isn’t,arenot=aren’t2、助动词(do,does,did)①do,does用于一般现在时,does用于第三人称单数,其他人称和数用do。其过去式did用于一般过去时。他们通常用在疑问句和否定句中。助动词后动词要用原形。如:Doyoulikethisfilm?Doesshelikeplayingfootball?Ididn’tgotoschoolyesterday.②否定形式:donot=don’t,doesnot=doesn’t,didnot=didn’t3、情态动词(can,may,must,should,will,would,shall等)情态动词表示说话人对某一动作或状态的态度,表示“可能”,“可以”,“需要”,“必须”,“应当”等意思。情态动词没有人称和数的变化,后面的动词要用原形。1)can和may都可以用来表示请求或允许,但may比can更正式,更客气些。如:CanIuseyourpen?MayIcomein?2)must和should①must意为“必须,应当”,含有一种命令的语气,比较生硬,不容商量。②should意为“应当,应该”,表示建议或劝告,语气比较委婉,客气。如:Youmustfinishyourhomeworkbeforeyougotobed.Youshouldstayinbedandhaveagoodrest.3)will和would用于疑问句,表示说话人向对方提出请求或询问,用would比will更委婉,更客气。如:Willyoupleaseopenthewindow?Wouldyoulikesomecoffee?注意区别:I’dlike…我想要……(接名词)如:I’dlikesometea.I’dliketo…我想要做……(接动词原形)如:I’dliketogowithyou.Ilike…我喜欢……(接名词或动名词)如:Ilikemonkeys.Ilikereading.4)shall在问句中表示征求对方的意见,主要用于第一人称。如:Shallwegotherebybus?5)否定形式:can’t,maynot,mustn’t,shouldn’t,wouldn’t,shallnot4、行为动词行为动词也叫实意动词,是具有实际意义的动词。如run(跑),jump(跳),listen(听),sing(唱),eat(吃),think(想)等。行为动词在句子中有人称和时态的变化。在英语中,不同时间里发生的动作或存在的状态,需要用不同的动词形式来表现,这就叫时态。一般现在时<—————————————+————————————>一般过去时现在进行时一般将来时填空:1.He________verygoodatEnglish.精品资料分享 woed版-精品资料2.MyfatherandI________goingtoBeijingnextmonth.3.________youondutythedaybeforeyesterday?4.Mr.King________inLondontwoweeksago.5.There________manykindsofanimalsinthezoo.6.What________thedateyesterday?7.Look!Alittlegirl________flyingakite.8.Who________notatschoollastMonday?9.Haveyouever________toJapan?10.I______notanurse.Iworkasadoctor.选择题:1. My brother ____ a teacher. He ____ his pupils very much. A. is, like B. is, likes C. are, likes D. are, like 2. A: How many days ____ there in a week? B: There ____ seven.   A. is, is B. are, are C. is, are D. are, is 3. I ____ tired last night. A. became B. felt C. looked D. am 4. Her face ____ pale(苍白)when she heard the bad news. A. got B. is C. turned D. was 5. You ____ pale. What"s wrong with you? A. turn B. seem C. look D. become 第十讲:语法基本概念主语(subject):名词、代词、不定式、动名词、相当于名词的词组或从句。宾语(object):是行为动作的对象,分为动词宾语和介词宾语。表语(predicative):位于系动词之后,与系动词一起构成句子的谓语。补语(complement):起补充说明作用的成分。精品资料分享 woed版-精品资料句子的5种类型:一、句型1S+V不需要带宾语或补语的动词完全不及物动词1.Birdssing.2.Shelaughed.3.Mariworks.4.Marilaughedloudly.5.Lindalivesinahouse.6.Westayedathomeallday.注意:修饰语只是对句子进行更详细的说明而已,并不是句子的必备要素。二:句型2:S+V+C需要带补语(表语)的动词不完全不及物动词,即系动词1.Iamanactor.2.Heisadoctor.3.Oribecameateacher.4.Sheisbeautiful.5.Theleavesturnedred.三、句型3:S+V+O需要带宾语的动词完全及物动词1.Ihaveacar.精品资料分享 woed版-精品资料1.Myfatherlovesmeverymuch.2.Iwanttodrinksomecoffee.四、句型4:S+V+IO+DO需要带两个宾语(直接、间接)的动词(授予动词)1.Hegavemeapresent.2.Pleasepassmethepen.3.MaritoldOrithenews.4.Shesentmeacard.5.Thestudentsaskedmesomequestions.五、句型5:S+V+O+OC需要带宾语和宾语补足语的动词不完全及物动词1.WecallhimMari.2.Ithinkhimagreatmusician.3.Thenewsmademehappy.4.Iwantyoutodothework.与句型2区别的方法:Shemademeadress.Shemademeadoctor.第十一讲一般现在时1、定义:表示经常发生或习惯性的动作、状态。句中通常有usually,often,everyday,sometimes,always,atweekends,onSundays等表示经常性时间的短语。精品资料分享 woed版-精品资料功能:①表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如:Theskyisblue.天空是蓝色的。②表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如:Igetupatsixeveryday.我天天六点起床。③表示客观现实。如:Theearthgoesaroundthesun.地球绕着太阳转。2、构成:1)当谓语是be动词时,一般现在时的构成:主语+be动词+其他如:Iamastudent.HeisJim’sfather.TheyarefromJapan.2)当谓语是行为动词时,一般现在时的构成:①主语(非第三人称单数)+动词原形+其他如:IoftenwatchTVattheweekends.MrGreenandMrsGreenlikecollectingstamps.②主语(第三人称单数)+动词的第三人称单数形式+其他如:JimusuallyvisitshisgrandparentsonSundays.Shesometimesgoestotheparkwithhermother.3、动词三单形式的变化规则:①一般情况下,直接加s如:read-reads,swim-swims②以s,x,sh,ch,o结尾,加es如:wash-washes,watch-watches,do-does③以辅音字母+y结尾,变y为i,再加es如:study-studies,fly-flies④不规则变化如:have-has4、一般现在时的句型转换:肯定句否定句一般疑问句及回答TheywatchTVeveryday.Theydon’twatchTVeveryday.—DotheywatchTVeveryday?—Yes,theydo./No,theydon’t.ShewatchesTVeveryday.Shedoesn’twatchTVeveryday.—DoesshewatchTVeveryday?—Yes,shedoes./No,shedoesn’t.一、写出下列动词的第三人称单数drink______go_______stay______make______look______have_______pass______carry_______二、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。1.Heoften________(have)dinnerathome.2.DanielandTommy_______(be)inClassOne.3.We__________(notwatch)TVonMonday.4.Nick__________(notgo)tothezooonSunday.5.______they________(like)theWorldCup?6._______yourparents______(read)newspaperseveryday?精品资料分享 woed版-精品资料7.Thegirl________(teach)usEnglishonSundays.8.SheandI________(take)awalktogethereveryevening.9.She________(buy)asweater.10.Mr.Wangoften______(go)toShanghai.三、按照要求改写句子DanielwatchesTVeveryevening.(改为否定句)_____________________________________Idomyhomeworkeveryday.(改为一般疑问句,作否定回答)________________________________________________________Shelikesmilk.(改为一般疑问句,作肯定回答)____________________________________ ___________________4.Wegotoschooleverymorning.(改为否定句)_____________________________________四、选择题1.There_____anEnglishfilmatthecinemanow.A.willhaveB.isgoingtohaveC.isgoingtobeD.is2.Thepicture_______nice.A.looksB.islookedC.lookD.islooking3.She______downandsoonfallsasleep.A.liveB.lainC.laidD.sits4.They_____theofficeintimeverymorning.A.reachtoB.arrivedC.wentD.getto5.WeshallgotoShanghaionbusinessbeforeyou_____backnextweek.A.willcomeB.cameC.wouldcomeD.come6.Theplane______overthere.A.isB.areC.amD.was7.Iseeher____theroomthismorning.A.toenterB.enteredC.enterD.enters8.Theteacher________ustocometoschoolontime.A.askB.askingC.asksD.asked9.Johnalways______others.A.helpB.helpingC.helpsD.tohelp10.He______foreighthourseveryday.A.workingB.toworkC.worksD.worked11.You’dbetter______athomeand______yourhomework.A.tostay,doB.stay,doC.tostay,todoD.stay,todo12.Hesitsdownand______arest.A.havingB.haveC.tohaveD.has13.UncleWangnever______acake.A.makeB.tomakeC.makingD.makes精品资料分享 woed版-精品资料第十二讲现在进行时1、定义:表示现在或现阶段正在进行或发生的动作。句中常有now,look,listen等词。如:Iamwashingclothesnow.Look!LiuTaoisclimbingthetree.Listen!Janeissinginginthemusicroom.用法:①现在正在进行或发生的动作,②当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。现在进行时的肯定句:be+V-ing.现在进行时的否定句:be+not。现在进行时的一般疑问句:be→句首。现在进行时的特殊疑问句:疑问词+be动词+主语+doing+其它?※疑问词当主语时其结构为: 疑问词+be动词+doing+其它?2、构成:be动词(am/is/are)+动词现在分词(V-ing)3、动词现在分词构成:①一般是在动词原形后加ing如:read-reading,drink-drinking,eat-eating,look-looking②以不发音的e结尾的动词,去掉e,再加ing如:write-writing,make-making,ride-riding,take-taking③以重读闭音节结尾,如末尾只有一个辅音字母,要双写这个字母,再加ing如:sit-sitting,swim-swimming,put-putting,run-running,stop-stopping,get-getting,begin-beginning,jog-jogging,forget-forgetting4、动名词其实就是动词的现在分词,它既有名词性质(可作主语),又有动词性质(可带宾语)。如:AskingthewayMyhobbyiscollectingstamps.Heisgoodatskating.5、现在进行时的句型转换:肯定句否定句一般疑问句及回答Heisrunningnow.Heisn’trunningnow.—Isherunningnow?—Yes,heis./No,heisn’t.Theyaremakingapuppet.Theyaren’tmakingapuppet.—Aretheymakingapuppet?—Yes,theyare./No,theyaren’t.精品资料分享 woed版-精品资料一、写出下列动词的现在分词run_______swim_______make______Begin_____go_______like______  write______shop_______have______sing  ______dance_______put______see______love_______live______take______come_______  get______stop______sit_______smoke______二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空:1.Theboy____________(draw)apicturenow.2.Listen.Somegirls___________(sing)intheclassroom.3.Mymother________(cook)somenicefood now.4.What_____you______(do)now?5.Look!They_________(have)anEnglishlesson.三、句型转换:Theyaredoinghousework.(分别改成一般疑问句和否定句)____________________________________________________________________2.Thestudentsarecleaningtheclassroom.(改一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答)_____________________________________________________________________________________四、单项选择 1、Jack is_____ with Jim .They are good____.  A. running ;friend;    B. running; friends;    C. running; friends    D. run; friend"s    2、Look! Mary____ doing____ homework.  A. is; one"s    B. is; her    C. are; his    D. are; her    3、The Greens____ supper now. A. is having    B. are having    C. is having    D. are; having4、The children are____ TV. A. watch    B. seeing    C. watching    D. reading5、There"s____ girl, she is very tall. A. second    B. two    C. a second    D. all second   8、--Excuse me. May I borrow a pen, please? --____. A. It doesn"t matter;    B. Thank you;   C. Certainly, here you are; D. Not at all.         精品资料分享 woed版-精品资料第十三讲一般过去时1、定义:表示过去某个时间里发生的动作或存在的状态。常和表示过去的时间状语连用,如:amomentago,justnow,yesterday,lastweek,thismorning等。如:Mybrotheroftenwenttoschoolbybikelastterm.Thewatchwasbesidethediaryamomentago.IwatchedthemoonandatethemooncakeslastMid-AutumnFestival.Jimwenttothesupermarketyesterday.功能:①表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态,常和表示过去的时间状语连用。②表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。2、构成:主语+动词的过去式+其他3、动词过去式的变化规则:①一般在动词原形末尾加ed如:play-played,listen-listened,look-looked②结尾是e的动词,加d如:live-lived,like-liked,taste-tasted③辅音字母+y结尾的动词,变y为i,再加ed如:study-studied,carry-carried,cry-cried④末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词,双写这个辅音字母,再加ed如:stop-stopped,plan-planned⑤不规则变化如:am/is-sit-give-eat-are-tell-read-fly-have/has-see-buy-meet-do-get-come-put-go-make-draw-run-say-sing-swim-take-4、一般过去时的句型转换肯定句否定句一般疑问句及回答HewatchedTVyesterday.Hedidn’twatchTVyesterday.—DidhewatchTVyesterday?—Yes,hedid./No,hedidn’t.Theyplayedgamesjustnow.Theydidn’tplaygamesjustnow.—Didtheyplaygamesjustnow?—Yes,theydid./No,theydidn’t.精品资料分享 woed版-精品资料一、 用动词的适当形式填空1.It______(be)Ben’sbirthdaylastFriday.2.Weall______(have)agoodtimelastnight.3.He________(jump)highonlastSportsDay.4.Helen________(milk)acowonFriday.5.Shelikes________newspapers,butshe_____abookyesterday.(read)6._______they________(sweep)theflooronSunday?No,they_____.7.I_______(watch)acartoononMonday.二、选择题1. My father______ill yesterday.   A. isn"t   B. aren"t    C. wasn"t  D. weren"t 2. ______your parents at home last week﹖   A. Is       B. Was          C. Are  D. Were 3.The  twins______in Dalian  last year. They______here now.A. are; were   B. were; are   C. was; are     D. were; was 4. ______your father at work the day_____yesterday﹖  A. Was; before   B. Is; before   C. Was; after  D. Is; after   5. —Who was on duty last Friday﹖—______.  A. I am     B. I was    C. Yes, I was    D. No, I wasn"t  6. I cleaned my classroom ___________.    A   with three hours     B   three hours ago           C    in three hours      D    three hours before 7. I came _______ my house two days ago.       A.backon B.back to  C.to back D.back 8.___________?  He did some reading at home.      A What does your father do yesterday evening        B What does your brother do in the school   C What did your brother do over the weekend        D Where did your brother go last Sunday 9. What did you do ________ ? I went to the movies. A.nextmorning B.over the weekend  C.in the weekend  D.next Monday 10.The koala sleeps _______,but gets up _________.   A.during the day; at the evening   B.at day; during night   C.in the day; during the evening   D.during the day;at night 三、翻译下列句子1. 我过了一个忙碌但却刺激的周末。   I _________ _________ __________ __________ exciting weekend.2. Jenny喜欢看书。昨晚她看了一本英语书。   Jenny likes _________ __________. She _________ an English book last night. 精品资料分享 woed版-精品资料3. Emma每天都看电视。可是昨天他没有看。   Emma__________ TV every day. But he _________ ________ ________ yesterday. 4. 上周六他们做什么了?他们做作业和购物了。    What ________ they _________ _________ Saturday?    They _________ __________ homework and _________ __________. 5. 今天早上方方得做饭,因为他父亲不在家。    This morning Fangfang ____ ____ ____ ____ because his father _____ _____ ____ yesterday. 第十四讲一般将来时1、定义:表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态,以及打算、计划或准备某事。句中一般含有表示将来的时间状语,如:tomorrowmorning,nextweek,thisafternoon等表示将来的时间状语。2、构成:①begongto+动词原形如:IamgoingtoseeaBeijingoperatomorrow.Wearegoingtomeetatbusstopathalfpastten.DadandIaregoingtoseeaBeijingoperathisafternoon.②will+动词原形如:Theywillgoswimmingthisafternoon.3、begoingto和will区别:①begoingto表示经过事先安排、打算或决定要做的事情,基本上一定会发生;will则表示有可能去做,但不一定发生,也常表示说话人的临时决定。如:Iamgoingtotakepartinapartythisevening.Theyarecleaningthelibrarynow.I’llgoandjointhem.②begoingto表示近期或眼下就要发生的事情;will表示的将来时间则较远一些。如:Heisgoingtowritealettertomorrow.Iwillmeetheroneday.③begoingto还可以用来表示有迹象表明某件事将要发生,常用于天气等自然现象。如:Look!It’sgoingtorain.4、一般将来时句型转换:肯定句否定句一般疑问句及回答Sheisgoingtohaveapicnictomorrow.Sheisn’tgoingtohaveapicnictomorrow.—Isshegoingtohaveapicnictomorrow?—Yes,sheis./No,sheisn’t.Theywillgoswimmingthisafternoon.Theywillnot(won’t)goswimmingthisafternoon.—Willtheygoswimmingthisafternoon?—Yes,theywill./No,theywon’t.5、对划线部分提问。一般情况,一般将来时的对划线部分有三种情况:①问人。(Who)例如:I’mgoingtoNewYorksoon.→Who’sgoingtoNewYorksoon.精品资料分享 woed版-精品资料②问干什么。(What…do)例如:Myfatherisgoingtowatcharacewithmethis  afternoon.→Whatisyourfathergoingtodowithyouthisafternoon.③问什么时候。(When)例如:She’sgoingtogotobedatnine.→Whenisshegoing tobed?一、填空。1.我打算明天和朋友去野炊。I________________haveapicnicwithmyfriends.I______haveapicnicwithmyfriends.2.下个星期一你打算去干嘛?我想去打篮球。What______________________nextMonday?I__________________playbasketball.(同义句)3.你妈妈这个周末去购物吗?是,她要去买一些水果。____yourmother_________goshoppingthis________?Yes,she____.She______________buysomefruit.4.你们打算什么时候见面?Whattime______you___________meet?二、用所给词的适当形式填空。1.Todayisasunnyday.We________________(have)apicnicthisafternoon.2.Mybrother_________(go)toShanghainextweek.3.Tomoften______(go)toschoolonfoot.Buttodayisrainy.He________(go)toschoolbybike.4.Whatdoyouusuallydoatweekends?Iusually________(watch)TVand_________(catch)insects?5.It’sFridaytoday.What_____she_________(do)thisweekend?She______________(watch)TVand__________(catch)insects.三、选择题1.There __________ a meeting tomorrow afternoon.  A. will be going to    B. will going to be          C. is going to be    D. will go to be 2.Charlie ________ here next month. A.isn’tworkingB.doesn’t workingC. isn’t going to working        D. won’t work 3.  He ________ very busy this week, he ________ free next week.          A. will be; is                    B. is; is          C. will be; will be               D. is; will be4.  There ________ a dolphin show in the zoo tomorrow evening.      A. was         B. is going to have          C. will have                      D. is going to be5.  –________ you ________ free tomorrow?      – No. I ________ free the day after tomorrow. A. Are; going to; will         B. Are; going to be; will        C. Are; going to; will be         D. Are; going to be; will be6. ________ a concert next Saturday?        A. There will be                    B. Will there be   精品资料分享 woed版-精品资料     C. There can be                     D. There are   7. If they come, we ________ a meeting.        A. have                           B. will have        C. had                            D. would have   8. He ________ her a beautiful hat on her next birthday.         A. gives                           B. gave         C. will giving                  D. is going to giving第十五讲句法1、陈述句说明事实或陈述说话人观点的句子。基本结构:主语+谓语+其他1)肯定陈述句Wealllikepandasverymuch.2)否定陈述句Hedoesn’tdohouseworkatweekends3)肯定陈述句改否定陈述句①一般是在be动词或情态动词后加not。Marywasatschoolyesterday.—>Marywasnotatschoolyesterday.Icanmakeamodelplane.—>Icannotmakeamodelplane.②不含be动词或情态动词的,行为动词前要用助动词的否定式(don’t,doesn’t,didn’t),后面跟动词的原形。Helikesdrawingpictures.—>Hedoesn’tlikedrawingpictures.Iwenttotheparkyesterday.—>Ididn’tgototheparkyesterday.4)陈述句改一般疑问句①有be动词或情态动词的,把be动词或情态动词提前。Marywasatschoolyesterday.—>WasMaryatschoolyesterday?Icanmakeamodelplane.—>Canyoumakeamodelplane?②不含be动词或情态动词的句子,借助助动词开头,动词还原成原形。Helikesdrawingpictures.—>Doeshelikedrawingpictures.Iwenttotheparkyesterday.—>Didyougototheparkyesterday?2、疑问句用来提出问题,询问情况的句子,末尾用问号。1)一般疑问句:一般疑问句常用来询问一件事是否属实,通常以be动词,助动词或情态动词开头,用yes或no来回答,因此又叫是非疑问句,通常读升调。—IsMrGreenfromtheUK?—Yes,heis./No,heisn’t.—Doyouhaveanyhobbies?—Yes,Ido./No,Idon’t.—Canyouplaytheguitar?—Yes,Ican./No,Ican’t.2)特殊疑问句:以特殊疑问词引导,要求回答具体问题,不能用yes或no来回答。—Howdoyougotoworkeveryday?—Igotoworkbycar.3)选择疑问句:提供两种或两种以上情况,让对方选择,往往用or连接。—Wouldyoulikesometeaorcoffee?—Somecoffee,please.4)反意疑问句:反意疑问句是由陈述句和附在其后的附加疑问句组成。—It’safineday,isn’tit?—Yes,itis.3、祈使句表示请求或命令别人做某事或不做某事。精品资料分享 woed版-精品资料1)用于第二人称,通常省略you。①肯定祈使句:Openthedoor,please.②否定祈使句:Don’tbelateagain.2)用于第一人称和第三人称,通常以let(let后跟宾格)或shall开头。Letmehavealook.Let’splayagamenow.Lethimgohomenow.ShallwemeetatonethirtyinfrontoftheGardenTheatre?4、感叹句表达喜怒哀乐等强烈感情,句尾常用感叹号(!),语气用降调。1)what+名词或名词性短语Whatabiggarden(itis)!Whataninterestingstorybook(itis)!Whatlovelyweather(itis)!Whatprettygirls(theyare)!2)how+形容词或副词+主语+动词Hownice!Howbeautifultheflowersare!HowtallYaoMingis!5、therebe句型表示在某地有某人或某物。1)主语是单数,be动词用is(was);主语是复数,be动词用are(were)。Thereissomemilkinthefridge.Therearesomepeachesinthebasket.2)如果有几个不同的人或物并列存在,be动词根据最靠近的那个名词而定。Thereisarulerandfiveknivesinthepencilcase.Therearefiveknivesandarulerinthepencilcase.3)therebe句型和have/has区别:therebe句型表示某地有某人或某物;have/has表示某人有某物。has用于第三人称单数,其余人称和数用have。TherearesomeEnglishbooksonthedesk.IhavesomeEnglishbooks.选择题:1.There________ noteainthecup.  A.is    B.are     C.has    D.be2.There ________inthenextroom.  A.isTom   B.aresomeboysC.arethey D.istheboy3.Thereissome ________  ontheplate.  A.apple   B.bread    C.banana   D.sandwich4.There________ somepaperandapenonthedesk.  A.is   B.are    C.have   D.has5.There"sgoingto________ intomorrow"snewspapers.  A.havesomethingnew      B.havenewsomething  C.besomethingnew        D.benewsomething6.Thereissomemilkinthebottle,________?  A.isn"tthere   B.aren"tthere   C.isn"tit    D.arethere7.________isthereonthetable?  A.Howmanyapples  B.Howmuchbread精品资料分享 woed版-精品资料  C.Howmuchbreads  D.Howmanyfood8.Thereis________ oldwomaninthecar.  A.×  B.a   C.the  D.an9.There"s________ orangetreebehind________ house.  A.an;the  B.a;a  C.the;the10.Thereis _____mapintheclassroom.____mapisonthewall.  A.a;A   B.the;The  C.a;The   D.the;A11.Thereis____“f”and_____“u”intheword“four”.  A.an;a    B.a;a    C.an;an    D.a;an12.There______ notanywaterintheglass.  A.has     B.is      C.are第十六讲话题1、介绍MynameisTom.I’mGaoShan.ThisisDavid.Themaninawhitecoatismyfather.2、问候、告别Hello!/Hi!Goodmorning!/Goodafternoon!/Goodevening!Howareyou?---Fine,thankyou./Notbad,thankyou./Notsogood.Nicetomeetyou.---Nicetomeetyou,too.Howdoyoudo?---Howdoyoudo?Goodbye!/Bye!/Bye-Bye!Seeyou(tomorrow/later).Goodnight.3、谈论人或物What’syourname?/Yourname,please?Whoishe?What’sthisinEnglish?Howoldareyou?Whereareyoufrom?/AreyoufromtheUSA?What’syourjob?Whatisshe?4、请求、劝告、建议、征求MayIcomein?CanIhavealook?Yes./Sure.Sorry,youcan’t.Don’tforgettoclosethewindows.Wemustgohomenow.Let’sgotoschool.Shallwegonow?Whydon’tyoubuyanewone?Whataboutacupoftea?Wouldyoulikeahamburger?Whatwouldyoulike?精品资料分享 woed版-精品资料Yes,please./Yes,I’dliketo./Yes,I’dloveto.No,thanks.5、道歉、感谢、赞扬Excuseme.Sorry./I’msorry.---That’sOK/allright./It’sdoesn’tmatter.Thanks./Thankyou./Thankyouverymuch.Notatall./You‘rewelcome./It’smypleasure.It’spretty/smart/nice.Hownice!6、询问时间、星期及日期What’sthetime?/whattimeisitnow?---It’stwelveo’clock.It’stimetohavelunch.Whatdayisittoday?---It’sSunday/Monday/Tuesday/Wednesday/Thursday/Friday.Whatdateisittoday?---It’sthe12thofJuly.7、购物CanIhelpyou?/WhatcanIdoforyou?/Whatwouldyoulike?---I’dlikea/an/some…Anythingelse?Whatabouttheredone?Howmanykilos?---Fivekilos,please.Howmuchisit/arethey?---It’s/They’retwentyyuan.Here’syourchange.8、打电话Hello,mayIspeaktoNancy?---ThisisNancyspeaking.IsthatTom(speaking)?---Yes,thisisTomspeaking.Who’sthat(speaking)?---It’sLiuTaohere.Waitforaminutes./Holdon,please.Sorry,sheisn’tin.9、问路、指路Excuseme.Where’sthenearestpostoffice?HowcanIgettothenearestpostoffice?Canyoushow/tellmethewaytothenearestpostoffice?Howfaristhenearestpostofficefromhere?Howmanystopsarethere?Goalongthisroadandthenturnright/leftatthethirdcrossing.Thepostofficeisonyourright/left.It’soverthere.NeartheBankofChina.YoucantakebusNo.8andgetoffatthethirdstop.Sorry,Idon’tknow.Youcanaskthepoliceman.11、谈论兴趣爱好Doyouhaveanyhobbies?What’syourhobby?Doyoulikeswimming?I(don’t)likeswimming.Wehavethesamehobby.12、谈论天气What’stheweatherliketoday?Howistheweather?It’ssunny/rainy/cloudy/windy/warm/cool/hot/cold.Whichseasondoyoulikebest?13、询问和表达感觉What’sthematter?/What’swrongwithyou?/Howdoyoufeelnow?精品资料分享 woed版-精品资料I’mtired./Ifeelill./I’vegotabadcough.I’msorrytoherethat./Ihopeyougetbettersoon.Takesomemedicineandhavealotofrest.Here’ssomemedicineforyou.Icangetsomefruitforyou.14、谈论节日When’sChristmas?---It’sonthe25thofDecember.WhatdopeopleusuallydoonChristmasday?What’syourfavouriteholiday?精品资料分享