现代英语语法课后题 8页

-Chapter2II.Reinforcethenegationinthefollowingsentences.Example.Idon"thaveanyfriends.→Idon"thaveanyfriendsatall.1.IhavenotmadeapromisethatIdonotintendtofulfill.→IhavenevermadeapromisethatIdonotintendtofulfill.2.I"mnotinterestedingeography.→I"mnotinterestedingeographyatall.3.Nooneonthecommitteesupportedmyplan.→Notasinglecommitteemembersupportedmyplan.4.Wecanfindnopretextforrefusingtheinvitation.→Wecanfindnopretextwhateverforrefusingtheinvitation.5.I"llnotlendhermoneyagain.→I"llnever,neverlendhermoneyagain.III.Reinforcethenegationinthefollowingsentences.1.Themansmokingapipeisthedirector,isn"the?2.TherehavebeenalotofchangeinthetownsinceIwasthere,haven"tthere?3.You"dratherIdidn"ttellherthenews,wouldn"tyou?4.Idon"tthinkheistherightpersonforjob,ishe?5.Theymustallhavetakenthetestweek,mustn"tthey?/didn"tthey?IV.Turnthefollowingstatementsintoexclamations.1.Youhaveabeautifulgarden.→whatabeautifulgarden(youhave)!2.AlargecrowdofpeopleweregatheringinfrontoftheHouseofParliament.→whatalargecrowdofpeoplearegatheringinfrontoftheHouseofParliament!3.We"vehadsuchfineweatherforawholeweek.→whatfineweatherwehavehadforawholeweek!4.Sheisveryboring.→Howboringsheis!5.Youmadeaverylongspeechthisafternoon.→(Howlongaspeech/whatalongspeech)youmadethisafternoon!Chapter3II.Choosetheappropriateformsinbrachets.1.TheBrownsare(is,are)movingawayonSaturday.2.Noonewillfailtomarvelatthesnows(snow,snows)oftheHimalayas.3.WevisitedNiagaraFalls(Fall,Falls)lastsummer.4.Ihatetoseeyouinsuchlowspirits(alowspirit,lowspirits).5.Myspecialthanksgo(goes,go)toprofessorBrown,whoreadthefirstdraftofthisbookandgavemealotofinvaluableadvice(advice,advices).6.Hedugdeepinhispocketonlytoproducetwopennies(pence,pennies).7.Therehasbeenanincreasingnumberofmen(man,men)teachersinprimaryschoolsinthepastfewyears.8.Yourpoliticsseem(seem,seems)tobeatvariancewithmine.9.TheChineseare(is,are)anindustriouspeople.10.Turnleftatthesecondcrossroads(crossroad,crossroads).III.Putthefollowingwordsinappropriategroups.Singularonly:theNewYorkTimes,bronchitis,theUnitedNations;Pluralonly:theAlps,pants,contents,police,pyjamas;Bothsingularandplural:headquarters,series,species,deer.IV.Fillintheblankswithappropriateunitnous.--ApackofliesAblade/tuftofgrassAbunch/bouquetofflowersAgang/packofthievesAboardofdirectorsAflashoflightningAcongregationofprayersAgrainofsand--Chapter4II.Correcterrorsinthefollowingsentences.1.Ican"tputupwithsuchallruderemarksanymore.→Ican"tputupwithallsuchruderemarksanymore.2.WholeChicagowasexcitedatthenewsthattheBullswonthefifthNBAchampionship.→AllChicago/ThewholeofChicagowasexcitedatthenewsthattheBullswonthefifthNBAchampionship.3.Manyhiscolleaguesspeakhighlyofhim.→Hismany/Manyofhiscolleaguesspeakhighlyofhim.4.Therewerepeopleonallsidesofthestreet.→Therewerepeopleonbothsides/each/eithersideofthestreet.5.Thenewstadiumisthethreetimesizeoftheoldone.→Thenewstadiumisthethreetimesthesizeoftheoldone.6.ThekangaroosarebecomingpestsinAustralia.→KangaroosarebecomingpestsinAustralia.- -7.Suchanadvicewilldomoreharmthangood.→Suchadvicewilldomoreharmthangood.8.Ican"tputupwiththefriendofyours.→Ican"tputupwiththatfriendofyours.9.ShewasthefirstwomantoswimacrossEnglishChannel.→ShewasthefirstwomantoswimacrosstheEnglishChannel.10.Youmayfindhiminthereferenceroomofteachers.→Youmayfindhimintheteachers"referenceroom.Chapter5II.Choosethebestanswer.1.Twoandtwo_____four.A.madeB.makeC.willmakeD.ismaking2.She_____verylittlefoodeverydaybecauseherdoctoradviseshertokeeponadiet.ButI"msureshe"llsoonrelapsetoheroldhabitofovereating.A.eatsB.haseatenC.hasbeeneatingD.iseating3.What_____you_____overthepasttwoyears?A.did....doB.do....doC.are....doingD.have....beendoing4.Theweather_____verycoldassoonasthenightfell.A.wasgoingtobeB.wasC.wasgettingD.wastobe5.Consideringitwasthefirsttimeshe_____aspeechtothepublic,shedidawonderfuljob.A.wastomakeB.wouldmakeC.hadmadeD.wasmaking6.Billhashad_____severaljobssincehe_____atHarvard.A.hashad....wasn"tB.had....wasC.hashad....wasD.had....was7.Thefood_____awful.Throwitawaybeforethechildreneatit.A.smellsB.issmellingC.smeltD.hassmelt8.He_____toescapebuthisconsciencepreventedhimfromdongingthat.A.hadintendedB.hasintendedC.hadbeenintendingD.hasbeenintending9.Lookattheseblackclouds---there_____astorm.A.willbeB.isgoingtobeC.isbeingD.istobe10.Ifpaper_____invented,we_____nobooks.A.wasn"t....wouldhaveB.hadn"tbeen....haveC.wasn"t....wouldhavehadD.hadn"tbeen....wouldhaveIII.Puttheverbsinbracketsintoproperforms.1.It"shightimeyoustarted(start)tothinkaboutyourchangesoflandingagoodjobaftergraduation.2.I"llmakesurethateverythingis(be)readybeforeIleaveforholiday.3.Youhavebeen(be)inthebathroomforages.Haven"tyounearlyfinished(finish)?4.Thedoctorisfeeling(feel)mypulse.Hesaysitfeels(feel)normal.5.Iknowitwillneedalotofcouragethefirsttimeonemakes(make)aparachutejump.6.Shefeltasifshehadbeen(be)inthathousebefore.7.Ihadwanted(want)tosendyouamessagebyE-mailbutmycomputerbrokedown.8.We"dratheryoukept(keep)silentaboutthematter.9.Goaway.Youarebeing(be)anuisancehere.Iamtrying(try)toconcentrate.10.Wearelanding(land).Fastenyourseatbelt.IV.Correcterrorsinthefollowingsentences.1.Howlonghaveyouboughtthisjacketyou"rewearing?→Howlongisitsinceyouboughtthisjacketyou"rewearing?/Howlongagodidyoubuythisjacketyou"rewearing?2.It"sagessinceIdidn"tseehim.→It"sagessinceIsawhim.3.Shewenttobedbythetimeshehaddoneallthehousework.→Shehasdoneallthehouseworkbythetimeshewenttobed.4.Ifitistoraintomorrow,we"llhavetochangeourschedule.→Ifitrainstomorrow,we"llhavetochangeourschedule.5.ItwillbethefirsttimeIhaveaninterviewforajob.→ItwillbethefirsttimeIhavehadaninterviewforajob.6.Ihavejustnowcomebackfromthesupermarket.→Icamebackfromthesupermarketjustnow.7.Thevegetableslookveryappetizing.Haveyoucookedthemyourself?→Thevegetableslookveryappetizing.Didyoucookthemyourself?8.We"vebeenhavingthisawfulweatherforawholeweek,haven"twe?→We"vehadthisawfulweatherforawholeweek,haven"twe?9.Haveyouseenhimjustnow?→Didyouseehimjustnow?10.Ihavemethimforthefirsttimein1990.→Imethimforthefirsttimein1990.- -Chapter6II.Turnthefollowingactive-voicesentencesintothepassiveifpossible,usingby-phraseifnecessary.1.Weshouldbearinmindthathedidthisoutofhispatriotism.→Itshouldbeborneinmindthathedidthisoutofhispatriotism.2.Whowrotewarandpeace?→Who(m)waswarandpeacewrittenby?orBywhomwaswarandpeacewritten?3.DidyousendmypackagebyEMS?→WasmypackagesentbyEMS??4.Agarbagemancollectedthegarbagejustnow.→Thegarbagewascollectedjustnow.5.Noonehaseverinvitedhertoapartysincethen.→Shehasneverbeeninvitedtoapartysincethen.6.Thepolice,notyourparents,aregoingtopunishyoufordrunkendriving.→Youaregoingtobepunishedfordrunkendrivingbythepolice,notbyyourparents.7.Amongthe375passengers,onlyababysurvivedtheair-crash.(X)8.Heraisedhishandasiftoaskaquestion.(X)9.Howareyougettingonwithyournewroommate?(X)10.Whydidyoumakesuchaterriblemessofmyhouse?→Whywassuchaterriblemessmadeofmyhouse?orWhywasmyhousemadesuchaterriblemessof?11.Don"ttrytoexpectthemtorewardyouwiththemoneytheypromised.→Don"ttrytoexpecttoberewardedwiththemoneytheypromised.12.Sheenjoystheirpraisingherchildrenatschool.→Sheenjoysherchildrenbeingpraisedatschool.III.Fillineachblankwiththepropersubjunctiveformoftheverbinbrackets.1.Irecommendthatfavorableconsiderationbe(be)giventohisapplicationforadmission.2.Ifhewere(be)herenow,Idon"tthinkyou"dhavethegutstoflirtwithhissecretary.3.MyfathersuggestedthatIenter(enter)Harvardratherthantostartabusinessnow.4.WhenIenteredhisoffice,hedidn"tsayaword,nordidheraisehishead,asifIwere(be)invisible.5.Farbe(be)itfrommetoturnmybacktoherwhensheisinneedofmyhelp.6.Heranawaylesttheycatch(catch)him.7.IwishIwere(be)tallerandstrongersothattheywouldn"tdaretotreatmebyroughhandling.8.Itisdesirablethateverybodymind(mind)hisorherownbusiness.9.Ipromisethatawomanmemberofthecommitteebe(be)appointedforthechair.10.Itisveryimportantthatthetextbooksbe(be)availablebeforeschoolstarts.Chapter7II.Rephrasethefollowingsentencesusingmodelauxiliaries.例.Perhapsheistherightpersonforthejob.→Hemaybetherightpersonforthejob.1.I"msureyouhaveleftyourbagonthesubway.→Youmusthaveleftyourbagonthesubway.2.Itispossiblethatthedeanwillacceptyourproposalifyouputitintherightway.→Thedeanmayacceptyourproposalifyouputitintherightway.3.Hewasthelastpersontocommittheembezzlement.→Hecan"thavecommittedtheembezzlement.4.Thebullswereprobablynotwellpreparedforthethirdgameofthe1997NBAfinal.→Thebullsmaynothavebeenwellpreparedforthethirdgameofthe1997NBAfinal.5.It"snotevenbarelypossiblethathehadthegutstodefytheclubrule.→Hecan"thavehadthegutstodefytheclubrule.6.Ihaveeveryreasontobelievethatyourremarkswerethelaststrawthatconstitutedhisultimateindignity.→Yourremarksmusthavebeenlaststrawthatconstitutedhisultimateindignity.7.Don"tyouthinkitisdesirablethateverymanandwomancontributetotheenvironmentalprotection?→Don"tyouthinkthateverymanandwomanshouldcontributetotheenvironmentalprotection?8.ItisreasonabletoassumethatthepaparazzidirectlycausedPrincessDianatodie.→ThepaparazzimusthavedirectlycausedPrincessDianatodie.9.Whatanimpressivepaper!Actually,itwasnotnecessaryforyoutowritesuchalongessay.Theprofessoronlyaskedforfourorfivehundredwords.→Whatanimpressivepaper!Actually,youneednothavewrittensuchalongessay.Theprofessoronlyaskedforfourorfivehundredwords.10.Theywereobligedtoselltheirhouseinordertopaytheirdebts.→Theyhadtoselltheirhouseinordertopaytheirdebts.Chapter8I.Fillintheblankswiththepropernon-finiteformoftheverbinbrackets.1.Herfriendneverimaginedherstaying(stay)athomewillinglyandtalking(talk)careofalargefamilyaftershegotmarried.- -2.Thecommitteedecidetoput(put)himonprobationfortwoweeks.3.Idon"tknowitwisetoencourage(encourage)youngpeopletodefy(defy)authorities.4.Theydon"tpermitsmoking(smoke)inpublicplaces.5.Ifyoudon"tfeellikeworking(work)inmycompany,whystay(stay)here?6.Theyguaranteetooffer(offer)freerepairservicewithinthefirsttwoyearsafteryoubuythecar.7.Approaching(approach)thehouse,hesawlying(lie)onthedoormataletteraddressed(address)tohimfromCalvin,whohaddisappearedthreeyearsbefore.8.Aftertheforthdivorce,hehadpracticallynothingleft.(leave)9.Hetriedusinganewmicrophoneandwasabletomakehimselfheard.(hear)10.Ifyoufavorworking(work)onnightshift,youmaygoandsignupatthesuperintendent"soffice.11.Isuggesthelping(help)thepoorfellow(to)take(take)theweightoffhismind.12.Ratherthanask(ask)forhelpfromhisrivalsandbe(be)teasedbythem,heresolvedtosell(tosell)hisbusiness.13.There"snotmuchpointarguing(argue)anyfurther.14.Leavego(go)ofmyarm.You"rehurtingme.15.I"veheardthebookcondemned(condemn)manytimes.16.Hepretendednottobe(be)interestedbuthiseyesbetrayedhim.17.It"sverydangeroustobribe(bribe)apoliceofficertotell(tell)lies.18.Ifyouthinkyoucanstillfoolmeintobelieving(believe)yourpromises,youarewrong.19.Itseemsthatyouarebeginningtounderstand(understand)mypoint.20.Wemanagedtotalk(talk)himintoaccepting(accept)ourterms.Itdoesn"tmatterwhetherornotheregretsdoing(do)thatnow.II.Replacethefiniteclausesinitalicsbynon-finiteconstructions.1.Don"ttakehiswordsseriouslyifheprofessesthatheknowseverythingaboutyourhistory.→Don"ttakehiswordsseriouslyifheprofessestoknoweverythingaboutyourhistory.2.I"msureit"lldoyougoodifyouadmitthatyoumadethemistake.→I"msureit"lldoyougoodifyouadmitmakingthemistake.3.Thetwopartiesagreedthattheywouldmergeintoabiggerandstrongerpartyforthecominggeneralelection.→Thetwopartiesagreedtomergeintoabiggerandstrongerpartyforthecominggeneralelection.4.Hesworethathewouldtakerevengeonhisfather"smurderer.→Hesworetotakerevengeonhisfather"smurderer.5.Ifeltthatmymindweightwasliftedafterhepromised.→Ifeltmymindweightliftedafterhepromised.6.It"sgoodideathatwegivehimasurprisepartyforhisbirthday.→It"sgoodideatogivehimasurprisepartyforhisbirthday.7.Thepresidentthreatenedthathewouldexerciseavetoifthecongressinsistedthattobaccosalesbecutdownnationwide.→Thepresidentthreatenedtoexerciseavetoifthecongressinsistedoncuttingdownnationwide.8.IonlywishIcouldachievehalfyoursuccess.→Ionlywishtoachievehalfyoursuccess.9.PleaseadvisemewhichIshouldchoose.→Pleaseadvisemewhichtochoose.10.Thisisthebestbookthathasappearedthisyear.→Thisisthebestbooktoappearthisyear.Chapter9II.Fillintheblankswiththeadjectivesinbracketsincorrectorder.1.ThereisalargeFrenchrestaurantneartheschool.(French,large)2.Wheredidyougettheexpensiveancientmahoganyfurniture？(ancient,mahogany,expensive)3.I"dliketohavethesethreefragileChineseporcelainvasessentbyspecialdelivery.(fragile,porcelain,Chinese)4.Themostimpressivefurnitureinhisofficeisahugecomfortableleatherchair.(huge,comfortable,leather)5.TheoldmandidnotleaveanythingtohisniecebutabigredRussiansaladspoon.(Russian,salad,big,red)III.Chooseamongthetwoalternativesthecorrectonethatcancompleteeachsentence.1.Joeistwentyandhisbrotheristhreeyears(elder/older).2.Larryis(more/themore)liberal-minedofthetwoexecutives.3.Whatisthe(funnier/funniest)jokeyouhaveeverheard?4.Letmestartwitha(less/lesser)issuebeforeIexplaintheproblemofourmajorconcern.5.Astheywent(farther/further)intheirinvestigationofthecase,theyhad(more/themore)evidencetoprovetheirassumptionofapoliticalconspiracy.6.Thereare(moreintelligentmonkeys/monkeysmoreintelligent)thanthemayorofthetown.7.Ican"taffordas(expensivea/anexpensive)carasthisone.8.Thislibraryhasavailable(children"sbooksasmanyas/asmanychildren"sbooksas)youwanttoborrowforyourschool.9.Don"tstartridingthehighhorse.Thesepeoplearenot(moreinferiorthan/inferiorto)youatall.10.Thepianoisagreatdeal(asgoodas/betterthan)theoldone.Chapter10II.Filltheblankswithappropriatepreposition.1.AlthoughAngelawasthemostaggressiveandsuccessfulsalespersoninthefirm,herbosspassedherbyforapromotion.- -2.Aftergoingthroughmoreoflife"supsanddowns,Idecidedthatitwastimeformetopursuewhatwasimportant:itwastimetofulfillmylife"sdream.3.Tokeepfromconfusingyourreaders,alwaysputmodifyingphrasesandclausesnearthewordstheymodify.4.Iinheritedthoseskillsfrommyfatherandtheyhavebeenputtothebest.5.RememberIcometoyourrescueoutofsympathy,notresponsibility.6.Fragmentoftenoccurbecauselessexperiencedwritersputunnecessaryfullstoppunctuationinthemiddleofsentences.7.Michaelhasremarkabletalentforbasketball.8.Thereisnoexceptiontotherule.9.Don"tgetmadatthechildren.Theydon"tknowwhatthey"vedone.10.peoplewithfull-timestudentstatusarealleligibleforthefinancialaid.Chapter11II.Fillineachblankwithanappropriatecoordinatororsubordinator.1.Whentheworkerstoppedforlunch,peoplewereallowedtoenterthebuilding.2.Mr.Clintonwasahighschoolteacherformanyyears,andnowheisteachingattheuniversity.3.Hecarriedtheparcelallthewayhome,whichwasactuallyunnecessary.4.Althoughtheendofthetermisnearlyathand,Jerryhasnotcompletedalloftheprojectshehadhopedtofinish.5.NoteveryonecangotoCambridgeorOxford.You"reoneoftheprivilegedfew.6.Youwon"tenjoyyourtriptoMexicounlessyouarecarefulaboutwhatyoueat.7.Theydrovetothevillagewherethebarndancewastotakeplace.8.Whereashewasonthevergeofstarvation,hisbrotherwaslivinganextravagantlife.9.Youcandeceivehersomeofthetime,butnotallthetime.10.It"snoneofmybusinessthatyouwanttomarryagirltwentyyearsyoungerthanyouare.III.Combinesentencesusingcoordinationand/orsubordination.1.Iamdrivingtotherailwaystationtomeetanengineer.Hewillbeanimportantmemberofourteamfortheproject.→Iamdrivingtotherailwaystationtomeetanengineerwhowillbeanimportantmemberofourteamfortheproject.2.CarlosdecidedtorenewtheleaseonhisNYapartment.Hewasgrowingtiredofcitylife.→CarlosdecidedtorenewtheleaseonhisNYapartmenteventhoughhewasgrowingtiredofcitylife.3.Thetestsdonotmeasuregenuineintellectualability.Collegesusetheteststoscreenapplicantsforadmission.→Thetests()collegesusetoscreenapplicantsforadmissiondonotmeasuregenuineintellectualability.4.NewHampshiredoesnothaveageneralsalestax.Itdoesnothaveanincometaxeither.Itistheonlystatethatdoesnothaveeithertax.→NewHampshireistheonlystatethatdoesnothaveeitherageneralsalestaxoranincometax.5.Youareindoubtaboutdeductionsonyourtaxreturn.CalltheIRScollect.[InternalRevenueService美国国内税务局]→When(youare)indoubtaboutdeductionsonyourtaxreturn,calltheIRScollect.Chapter12II.Filltheblankswithappropriaterelativepronouns.1.Hewholaughslastlaughsbest.2.Hedeniedseeingthemurdersuspect,whichturnedouttobetrue.3.Thisisthebestbiography()/thatIhavereadofChurchill.邱吉尔4.HeisastraightAstudent,whichhisbrotherneverwas.5.Sheelopedwithayoungmanofwhomherfriendshadneverheard.III.Combinesentencesineachgroupintoonethatcontainsarelativeclause.1.ThemonsoonseasonoccursinBangkokeveryyear.Itcausesheavyrains.→ThemonsoonseasonwhichcausesheavyrainsoccursinBangkokeveryyear.2.Adozenhorseswereputintothecorral.Theyweretobetrainedforriding.→Adozenhorsesthatweretobetrainedforridingwereputintothecorral.3.YousentmydaughteralovelyBrabiedoll.Thankyouverymuch.→ThankyouverymuchforthelovelyBrabiedollyousentmydaughter.4.Mybossisanincrediblyboringperson.Hispredecessorwasnotaboringpersonatall.→Mybossisanincrediblyboringperson,whichhispredecessorwasnotatall.5.Youaresoclever.Youwon"tbelievehispromises.→You,whoaresoclever,won"tbelievehispromises.6.MyspecialgratitudegoestoProfessorWeir.Withouthishelpthisprojectwouldhavebeenimpossible.→MyspecialgratitudegoestoProfessorWeir,withoutwhosehelpthisprojectwouldhavebeenimpossible.7.Shewasafraidpeoplewouldconsiderherambitiousandaggressive.Shewasactuallynotambitiousandaggressive.→Shewasafraidpeoplewouldconsiderherambitiousandaggressive,whichshewasactuallynot.8.Heisapsychiatrist.Iknowhim.Hecangiveyouadvice.→HeisapsychiatristIknowwhocangiveyouadvice.9.HeisaJackofalltrades.Hehasdonethousandsofthings.Hehasaccomplishednothing.→HeisaJackofalltradeswhohasdonethousandsofthingsbutwhohasaccomplishednothing.10.WhenIwasinStratford,Ivisitedthehouse.ShakespeareissaidtohavelivedthereforseveralyearsbeforeheleftforLondon.→WhenIwasinStratford,IvisitedthehousewhereShakespeareissaidtohavelivedthereforseveralyearsbeforeheleftforLondon.- -Chapter13II.Completethesentenceswiththeadjunctsinbracketsintherightorder.1.Isawhertalkingwithayoungmaninthelibraryyesterday.(inthelibrary,yesterday,withayoungman)2.Mygrandmothersawherdoctortwiceaweekbeforeshedied.(beforeshedied,aweek,twice)3.ThediarywaswrittenbyalittlegirlinaNazicampduringWorldWarII.(inaNazicamp,byalittlegirl,duringWorldWarII)4.Youdidverywellatthecontestlastweek.(atthecontest,verywell,lastweek)5.Hecalledtwicewhileyouwereout.(twice,whileyouwereout)III.Writtencounter-factualconditionalbasedonthegivenfacts.1.与过去事实相反①.Alexandrathegreatdiedbecauseoftheattentionfromtoomanyphysicians(2002.4.58、2005.7.67)→Ifithadnotbeenfortoomanyphysicians.Alexandrathegreatwouldn’thavedied.②.Youlivedfaraway.That"swhywedidn’tvisityoufrequently.(2003.4.64)→Ifyouhadn"tlivedsofaraway,wewouldhavevisitedyoumorefrequently.③.Hewasn’tabletoanswerallthequestions,sohedidn’tpasstheexamination.(2004.7.59)→Ifhehadbeenabletoanswerallthequestions,hewouldhavepassedtheexamination.④.Welostthegamebecausehedidn"tjoinus.→Ifhahadjoinedus,wewouldn"thavelostthegame.⑤.Whydidn"tyouaskthemtodeliveryourparcel?→Theywoulddeliveredyourparcelifyouhadasked.⑥.Shelostherpassportandgotstuckatthecustoms.→Ifshehadn"tlostherpassport,shewouldn"thavegotstuckatthecustoms.2.与现在事实相反①.Tomdoesn’ttravelbecausehedoesn’thaveenoughmoney.(2005.4.66)→Tomwouldtravelifhehadenoughmoney.②.Heisratherfat.Hedoesn’ttakeanyexercise.(2008.7.61)→Ifhetooksomeexercise,hewouldn’tberatherfat.3.杂合从句：if从句与过去事实相反，主句与现在事实相反①.You’rehungrynowbecauseyoudidn’thavebreakfast.(2004.4.64)→Ifyouhadhadbreakfast,youwouldnotbehungrynow.②.Hehadanaccidentlastyear,soheisconfinedtohiswheelchair.→Ifhehadn"thadanaccident,hewouldn"tbeconfinedtohiswheelchair.4.对将来情况的假设①.Itwillraintomorrow,sowewillhavetocancelthesportsmeet.→Ifitwerenottoraintomorrow,wewouldhavethesportsmeet.IV.Rewrittenthefollowingsentencesusingdisjuncts.1.I"mhonestwhenIsaythatitisawasteoftimetryingtotalkhimintohelpingus.→Honestly,itisawasteoftimetryingtotalkhimintohelpingus.2.Itisnaturalthathewilltakeafterhisfather.→Naturally,hewilltakeafterhisfather.3.Itismoreimportantthatthegovernmentshouldalwaysberesponsivetothepublicopinions.→Moreimportantly,thegovernmentshouldalwaysberesponsivetothepublicopinions.4.Itisquiteobviousthathehasneverintendedtokeephisword.→Quiteobviously,hehasneverintendedtokeephisword.5.Iwillsayfranklythatwhathedidtoyouisimmoralbutwhatyoudidtohimisillegal.→Frankly,hedidtoyouisimmoralbutwhatyoudidtohimisillegal.V.Fillintheblankswithappropriateconjuncts.1.Whenusedwithcare,transitionwordscanenhancewriting.However,toomanyofthemwillsoonwearyyoureaders.2.Itrainedheavilylastnight,soalltheflowersaregone.3.Theroomistoocoldwithoutheatingandtoosmallforafamilyoffour.Still,itisbetterthanIexpected.4.Becausetheexclamationpointexpressesstrongfeelings,itshouldbeusedsparingly.Otherwiseyoureaderswillnotbelieveyou.5.Agreatdealofsimplecoordinationwilltendtomakeyourwritingseemrelaxedandcasual,sometimeseveninnocentandchildlike.Conversely,usingpairedcoordinatorsandinterruptingcoordinatedelementswilltendtomakeyourwritingseemmoreformal,serious,andsophisticated.Chapter14II.Selectanappropriatenumberforminbrackets.1.Thegoldenfoliageconstitutes(constitutes,constitute)abeautifulsceneofautumn.2.Theaudiencewere(was,were)excitedonseeingtheir(its,their)favouritestarglideontothestage.3.Eitheryouoryourfriendis(is,are)tocomewithmetothepolicestation.4.Thecaptain,togetherwiththecrew,was(was,were)determinednottoabandontheshipuntilallthepassengerswereaboardthelifeboats.5.Allwere(was,were)satisfiedwiththehotelaccommodations.6.WhatIthink,sayanddoare(is,are)noneofyourbusiness.7.Everymanandwoman,oldandyoung,is(is,are)requiredtotaketheinoculation.8.Thereis(is,are)atableandfourchairsinthegarden.- -9.Heistheonlystudentintheclasswhohas(has,have)passedthetest.10.ChicagoBullswere(was,were)enjoyingthemselves(itself,themselves)atthecelebrationpartyforthefifthNBAchampionship.Chapter15II.Rewritethefollowingsentencesasrequired.A.Usingpassivevoice:1.Allthestudentswhoareapplyingforthegovernmentloanmustobservethisrule.→Thisrulemustbeobservedbyallthestudentswhoareapplyingforthegovernmentloan.2.Agroupofchildrenbuiltthesandcastle.→Thesandcastlewasbuiltbyagroupofchildren.3.Theremovalmendamagedourgrandfatherclock.→Ourgrandfatherclockwasdamagedbytheremovalmen.4.Thisstudiowillprobablyblowupyourphotographwell.→Yourphotographwillprobablybeblownupwellbythisstudio.5.Thegovernmentmustputanendtothepoliticalcrisisassoonaspossible.→Thepoliticalcrisismustbeputanendtoassoonaspossiblebythegovernment.B.Usingextraposition:6.Toseeallthehighschoolkidsstandingononefootoutsideschoolpropertyandpuffingawayfurtivelyanddefiantlyontheircigarettesbreaksmyhearts.→Itbreaksmyheartstoseeallthehighschoolkidsstandingononefootoutsideschoolpropertyandpuffingawayfurtivelyanddefiantlyontheircigarettes.7.Thatheshouldrefusetohelpmadeherverydisappointed.→Itmadeherverydisappointedthatheshouldrefusetohelp.8.Whetheryoukeepthemoneyorgiveitawayisnoneofmyconcern.→Itisnoneofmyconcernwhetheryoukeepthemoneyorgiveitawa.9.Youwillfeellisteningtohimtalkboring.→Youwillfeelitboringlisteningtohimtalk.10.YoukeepbitingyournailsandIfinditdisgusting.→Ifinditdisgustingthatyoukeepbitingyournails.C.Usingdiscontinuity:11.EveryoneexceptBobsurvivedthedisease.→EveryonesurvivedthediseaseexceptBob.12.Iwanttotalktohimaboutthepracticabilityoftheresearchmethodinperson.→Iwanttotalktohiminpersonaboutthepracticabilityoftheresearchmethod.13.Thedayswhenhecouldbossmearoundaregone.→Thedaysaregonewhenhecouldbossmearound.14.Heistheonlystudentwhoappliesforfinancialaidinthisschool.→Heistheonlystudentinthisschoolwhoappliesforfinancialaid.15.ExcessiveexposuretoviolenceonTVismoreharmfulthanexpectedtochildren.→ExcessiveexposuretoviolenceonTVismoreharmfultochildrenthanexpected.D.Usingfronting:16.Heisabravemanandhewillalwaysbeabraveman.→Abravemanheisandabravemanhewillalwaysbe.17.Theyheldtheoldinesteem;theymadelightoftheyoung.→Theoldtheyheldinesteem;theyoungtheymadelightof.18.Heplungedintothetumultuouswaterjusttoshowofftothegirls.→Intothetumultuouswaterheplungedjusttoshowofftothegirls.19.You"vemadeawonderfulsuggestion.→AwonderfulsuggestionYou"vemade!20.Hethreatenedtotakehisrevengeonhisfather"smurder,andhewilltaketherevenge.→Hethreatenedtotakehisrevengeonhisfather"smurder,andtaketherevengehewill.E.Usinginversion:21.Ihaveneverbeentherebefore.→NeverhaveIbeentherebefore.22.Youcan"tmarrymydaughteruntilthreeSundayscomeinaweek.→NotuntilthreeSundayscomeinaweekcanyoumarrymydaughter.23.YouwillhaveagoodjobonlyafteryouhavegotyourPH.D.degree.→OnlyafteryouhavegotyourPH.D.degreewillyouhaveagoodjob.Dr.JiChenreceivedhisB.S.degreefromTsinghuaUniversity,Beijing,CHINAin1999andhisM.S.andPh.D.degreesfromtheGeorgiaInstituteofTechnology,Atlanta,GA,USA,from1999-2002.陈季博士，于1999年自中国北京清华大学毕业后，负笈美国求学，于1999至2002年间完成亚特兰大乔治亚理工学院硕士与博士学位。24.Aweekcryforhelpcamefromthehouseacrossthestreet.→Fromthehouseacrossthestreetcameaweekcryforhelp.25.Theplaneroaredoverandthebombscamedownwhichkilledalmostallthepeopleinthevillage.→Theplaneroaredoveranddowncamethebombswhichkilledalmostallthepeopleinthevillage.- -Chapter16II.Rewritethefollowingsentenceswhatevercohesivedeviceisappropriate.1.Ilearnedtopacklightearlyinlife.Ihadtopacklightearlyinlife.→Ilearnedtopacklightearlyinlife.Ihadto.2.Iinheritedthoseskillsfrommyfather.Thoseskillshavebeenputtothebest.→Iinheritedthoseskillsfrommyfatherandthoseskillshavebeenputtothebest.3.Ifyoutraveloften,keepacollectionofnecessitiespre-packed.Keepingacollectionofnecessitiespre-packedwillgiveyoutimetoparethenonessentials.→Ifyoutraveloften,keepacollectionofnecessitiespre-packed.Thatwillgiveyoutimetoparethenonessentials.4.Checkouttheweatheratyourdestination.Ifyoudonotcheckouttheweatheratyourdestination,thingscanbeveryembarrassing.→Checkouttheweatheratyourdestination.Ifnot,thingscanbeveryembarrassing.5.Toguardagainstlostluggage,buybrightlycolouredluggageorwrapbagswithabeltsootherpassengerswillnotmistakeyourluggagewiththeirownluggage.→Toguardagainstlostluggage,buybrightlycolouredluggageorwrapbagswithabeltsootherpassengerswillnotmistakeyourswiththeirown.-