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中考英语语法专题复习(四)数词

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中考英语语法专题复习(四)数词Ⅰ、考试标准:1.了解100以内的基数词和序数词的构成。2.掌握有关年、月、日、时刻、年龄、年代、长(宽、高)、编号等的表达法。3.辨别hundred,thousand,million和hundredsof,thousandsof,millionsof的不同含义和用法。Ⅱ、数词:分为基数词和序数词。用于表示事物数目的词称为基数词,表示事物顺序的词称为序数词。一、基数词的构成:⑴.1-12的基数词是独立的单词:one,two,three,four,five,six,seven,_________,nine,ten,_______,__________。⑵.13-19的基数词以-teen结尾。如:fourteen,seventeen等,但13,15,18较特殊,13-thirteen,15-______,18-___________。⑶.20-90的整十位均以-ty结尾。如:sixty,ninety,但20,30,40,50,80较特殊,20:twenty,30:_________,40:___________,50:___________,80:___________。⑷.十位数与个位数之间要加连字符号"-",如:28:twenty-eight,96:___________,45:____________⑸.百位和十位(若无十位则和个位)之间加and,如:148:onehundredandforty-eight,406:fourhundredandsix。365:_____________________________,505:_____________________________⑹.hundred,thousand,million,billion(十亿)等前面即使有具体的数词,及several,some,many,也不能在它们的后面加s。如:600:sixhundred;8百万:eightmillion。如果表示不确定数目时,用hundredsof/thousandsof/millionsof/billionsof+名词复数,前面不能再加数字.⑺.1000以上的数字,从后往前数每三位加一个逗号",",第一个逗号前为千,第二个逗号前为百万,第三个逗号前为十亿。英语中无"万"这个词,我们可以用"几十个千"表示几万,"几百个千"表示"几十万"。如:2,510=twothousandfivehundredandten;84,296=eighty-fourthousandtwohundredandninety-six;274,350=twohundredandseventy-fourthousandthreehundredandfifty。654,203___________________________987,654,321_______________________________________________二、序数词的构成:1.基变序,有规律;词尾要加th。一二三,特殊记;词尾分别tdd。八去t,九去e;ve则以f替。ty则变ti,后面还有一个e。要是遇到几十几;只将个位变成序。eg.one—_______,two—_____,three—_______,eight—_______,nine—_______,twelve—________,twenty—__________,twenty-one–-_____2.第一百以上的多位序数词:由基数词的形式变结尾部分为序数词形式来表示。第一百二十一:onehundredandtwenty-first;第1320:onethousand,threehundredandtwentieth【注】:序数词前常用定冠词the,有时还可以用不定冠词a/an,则表示“又一,再一”的意思。(没有具体范围的限制)。如:MrBrownhasasecondcar.布朗先生另外还有一辆车。Hehastriedasecondtime.他又尝试了一次。三、数词的运用1.时刻的表示:小时、点钟、分钟、秒钟要用基数词。①."几点钟"用基数词加o"clock。o"clock可省略。如:5:00→five(o"clock).②.直接表达法:,直接按基数词的顺序读,先小时后分钟:7:05→sevenofive;6:54→___________________③.“≤30分钟”用介词past。分钟+past+小时.如:7:05→fivepastseven;7:15→fifteen(aquarter)pastseven;6:25→____________________10:20→_______________________④.“>30分钟”用to:(60-分钟数)+to+(小时数+1),表示"差几分几点"。如:7:40→twentytoeight;6:50→____________________,8:35→_____________________⑤.30分钟=half15分钟=aquarter3:30→threethirty=halfpastthree3:15→threefifteen=aquarterpastthree.3:45→threeforty-five=aquartertofour6:30→_________________________2.年月日的表示:①年份用基数词:1999年:nineteenninety-nine;1900年:nineteenhundred;2000-twothousand;2001年:twentyoone.1896年:_________________,2014年:______________________②年用基数词,日用序数词。如:1998年6月8日写作:June8,1998;读作:Junetheeighth,nineteenninety-eight或theeighthofJune,nineteenninety-eight。1967年10月25日:写作:__________,读作:________________3.世纪、年代表示法:★表达“在几世纪”时用“inthe+序数词+century”。如:在19世纪:inthenineteenthcentury。●inthe1900’s:在二十世纪;inthe1600’s:在十七世纪。(4中考英语语法专题复习数词 这里,用百位数整数表示的世纪比这一百位阿拉伯数字本身多一个世纪。)inthe2000’s:___________________________★表达“在几十年代”时用“in the 十基数词的复数”。 如:在90年代:inthenineties/inthe90s 在18世纪30年代:inthe1730s或inthe1730"s在20世纪50年代:______________________4.表达“在某人几十岁时”用“inone"s十基数词的复数”。如:在他三十几岁时:inhisthirties.在她五十几岁时:_______________5.编号的表示:①基数词放到名词的后边,该名词一般要大写;序数词放到名词的前面,加定冠词。如:第一单元:Unit1/thefirstunit;Row3/thethirdrow;Class2。第五课:_____________②BusNo.3=theNo.3bus:3路公共汽车;11路公共汽车:_______________________③表示住所时不用“No.”如:302房间:Room302(读作:roomthreeotwo);第207房间:____________④如果编号的数词比较长,一般用基数词。如:Page457:第457页;第1086页:__________________6.分数的表达:分子用基数词,分母用序数词。分子大于"1",分母则加"s"。如:三分之一:onethird;三分之二:twothirds;五分之一:_________________;六分之五:_______________【注】:二分之一:a(one)half;;四分之一:onefourth或a(one)quarter;四分之三:threefourths或threequarters。8.表示有小数的词用基数词。如:5.5→fivepointfive12.135→twelvepointonethreefive9.百分数的表达:5℅:fivepercent(percent),0.8℅:zeropointeightpercent(percent).10.分数、百分数与主谓一致:分数、百分数的考查往往和主谓一致相联系。当分数、百分数修饰可数名词的复数时,谓语动词用复数形式;当分数、百分数修饰不可数名词时,谓语动词用单数形式。如:①EightypercentofthestudentsintheirschoolcomefromHenan.他们学校百分之八十的学生来自河南。②ThreefourthsofthestudentsinmyclassareinterestedinEnglish.我们班四分之三的学生对英语感兴趣。③Twothirdsofthewaterontheearthisseawater.地球上三分之二的水是海水。【注】:当主语是表示人口的百分之几,几分之几的时候,谓语动词要用复数形式。如:①AbouteightypercentofthepopulationinIndiaarefarmers.印度大约有百分之八十的人口是农民。②InSingapore,threequartersofthepopulationareChinese.新加坡四分之三的人口是华人。11.倍数的表达:(一倍用once,两倍用twice,两倍以上用基数词+times。如:5倍fivetimes)。①A是B的几倍可表示为:A+is.+数词times+as+形容词(副词)原级+as.Ourfactoryistwiceasbigastheirs.Thisbridgeisthreetimesaslongastheoldone.②A比B大(小)几倍或多(少)几倍可表示为:A+is.+数词.+times+比较级+thanThisboxisthreetimesheavierthanthatone.Thisroomistwotimesbiggerthanthatone.12.其他用法:1)基数词+单数名词+形容词可构成合成形容词。如:一个五岁的男孩:afive-year-oldboy; 一座800米长的桥:an800-metre-longbridge;一幢50米高的楼:____________________2)具体数词+meter(s)/kilometer(s)/long/high/tall/deep/away等。如:长江长6300公里:TheChangjiangRiveris6,300kilometerslong.这个游泳池深两米:_________________________________________Ⅲ、练习一、写出下列数字的序数词:1,2,3,4,5,8,9,12,20,40.34.二、写出1—12月份:三、写出下列正确形式:⑴.九年级2班⑵.第7单元⑶.515房间⑷.在二层楼⑸.2014年6月14日⑹.50公里长的大桥 ⑺.在第46页⑻.第一中学⑼.四分之三⑽.一个半小时⑾.6点12分⑿.差5分12点⒀.在我二十几岁时⒁.五分之四⒂.在二十世纪三十年代四、选择填空:()1.Ifyougooutatnight,you’llbeabletosee____starts.A.thousandsofB.thousandofC.ninethousandsofD.thousands()2.Mondayis___dayoftheweek.A.firstB.thefirstC.thesecondD.second()3.You’vedoneittwice.Whynottry____time?A.thirdB.thethirdC.athirdD.once4中考英语语法专题复习数词 ()4.Iwasborn___,1982.A.onJune2rdB.inJune2ndC.onJunetwoD.onJune2()5.It’s____fromourhometothezoo.A.twoandahalfhours’walkB.ahalfandtwohourswalkC.twohoursandahalfhour’swalkD.twoandahalfhour’swalk()6.Theheadmasterwrotea___report.A.twothousandwordsB.two-thousand-wordsC.two-thousandwordsD.two-thousand-word()7.---Couldyoutellushowtoreadthenumber18,306,211?---________________  A.eighteenmillion,threehundredandsixthousands,twohundredeleven  B.eighteenmillion,threehundredandsixthousand,twohundredandeleven  C.eighteenmillions,threehundredsixthousands,twohundredsandeleven  D.eighteenthousand,threehundredandsix,twohundredeleven()8.Shakespearewasbornin______.A.1660sB.1660’sC.the1660s’sD.the1660’s()9.Billsaidtheyweregoingtohave_____holiday.A.atwo-weeks’B.atwo-weekC.twoweeks’D.twoweeks()10.Over___ofthearticlesoneducationhavebeenpublished。A.twothirdsB.twothirdC.secondsthreeD.secondsthird()11.Myfatherlefthomeatabout__.A.sixthirty B.thirtysix C.thirtytosix D.sixpastthirty()12..---What’syourroomnumber?---It’s______.A.The601RoomB.601Room C.TheRoom601D.Room601()13.______thestudentsusuallysurfontheInternetandgetinformation。A.60percentsofB.60percentC.60percentofD.60percents()14.Several____newbooksweresoldoutlastweek. A.ofthousandB.thousands C.thousandofD.thousand()15.Tomorrowismy________birthday.A.sixteenB.sixteenthC.thesixteenthD.thesixteen()16.About_______oftheworkersinthefactorywereborninthe_______.A.two-thirds;1970B.two-thirds;1970sC.two-third;1970D.two-third;1970s()17.Bothoftherulersarebroken.Iwanttobuya______one.A.threeB.thirdC.forthD./()18.Dick,itisthe________timein________daysthatyou’vemadethesamemistake.A.two,threeB.second,threeC.two,thirdD.second,third()19.Pleasewritedownthenewwordsinthetextof_______.A.LessonEleven  B.theLessonEleven  C.LessonEleventh.D.Eleventh.lession()20.About_______ofthesurfaceoftheearth_______coveredwithwater.   A.threequarter,is    B.threequarters,has   C.threequarters,is   D.threequarter,are()21.Mybrotherlivesin______on______floor.A.sixRoom;secondB.Roomsix;thesecond  C.Roomsix;twofloorD.theroomsix;thesecond()22.Itwilltake_______timetofinishthework.  A.oneandahalfyears"B.ayearandhalfC.oneandahalfyear"sD.ayearandhalf"s()23.Decemberis_______monthoftheyear.A.twelveB.twelfthC.thetwelfthD.thetwelve()24.Thistookplaceinthe______.A.1940B.1940sC.1940esD.1940th()25Thereare______inthisbuilding,Iliveon______. A.ninefloors,theninethfloorB.ninefloors,theninthfloor  C.ninefloor,ninefloorsD.ninthfloor,theninthfloor()26.ThewaterbehindtheThreeGorgesDams(三峡大坝)shouldbe______higherthandownstream(下游)。 A.sixty-fivemeterB.sixty-fifthmeterC.sixty-fivemetersD.sixty-fifthmeters()27Thereare_______daysinayear.A.threehundredsixty-fiveB.threehundredandsixty-five  C.threehundredsandsixty-fiveD.twohundredsandsixty-five()28---What"sonefourthandahalf,doyouknow?---Yes,it"s_________.  A.twosixthsB.threefourthsC.onethreeD.threesixth()29Nowchildren,turntoPage________andlookatthe_______pictureinLessonTwo.  A.twentieth,oneB.twenty,oneC.twentieth,firstD.twenty,first()30.---Whatisthedatetoday?---It"s___.A.ThursdayB.JunethesixteenthC.thebestdayD.Junefifteen()31.SheknowsalotaboutChinaasshehasbeentoChina________.  A.fortheforthtimeB.fourtimesC.afourthtimeD.forfourtimes()32-HowmanypeoplewillcometoBeijingnextyear?-It’shardtosay,________people,Ithink.A.millionofB.millionsofC.threemillionsD.threemillionsof()33.I_____methiminGuilinin1996.A.thefirstB.thefirstlyC.firstD.firsttime()34.Marywasthe____ofthe____studentsclimbeduptothetopofthehill.4中考英语语法专题复习数词 A.nine,fourtyB.nineth,fortiethC.ninth,fortyD.nine,fortieth()35.___ofthepopulationinthiscity______workers.A.Threefifth,areB.Threefifths,areC.Thirdfifth,areD.Thirdfives,is()36.Mr.WhitemarriedLucy____.A.inhisthirtiesB.inhisthirtyC.inthethirtiesD.inthethirty()37.Thosepotatoesarefor__.A.wethreeB.threeusC.threeweD.usthreeAbout_______oftheworkersinthefactorywereborninthe_______.A.two-thirds;1970B.two-thirds;1970sC.two-third;1970D.two-third;1970s【解析】分数的表达式为“分子基、分母序,分子大于1,分母加s”,在20世纪70年代一、first,second,third,fifth,ninth,twelfth,twentieth,thirty-fourth  二、January,February,March,April,May,June,July,August,September,October,November,December  四、1.Class2,Grade9  2.Row7  3.Room515  4.onthesecondfloor  5.February14,2009  6.a50-kilometre-longbridge  7.onPage46/onthe46thpage  8.No.1MiddleSchool  9.threequarters10.forty-nineJohnis180centimeterstall,andhisdaughteris90.Soheistwice____she.A.sotallasB.astallasC.muchtallerthanD.lessthan【解析】本题考查倍数的表达方式。4中考英语语法专题复习数词