英语语法If型虚拟语气 34页

JiayuNO1.HighSchool_ChengWenhuiWelcometomyclass 1.IfwecanlearnEnglishwell,wecanletforeignersknowmoreaboutChina.2.Ifwehadbeenbetter,wewouldhavewonthematch.Similarities:Differences:1st:somethingislikelytohappeninthefuture.2nd:somethingwasnottrueorcontrarytowhathappenedinthepast.Indicativemood(陈述语气)Subjunctivemood(虚拟语气)Thedifferencesofdifferentsentencemoodcanbeshownthroughthestructuresofpredicate(谓语结构).BothareIFconditionalclauses(if条件句). DefinitionofSubjunctiveMood定义:虚拟语气主要是用来表示说话人所说的话不是客观存在的事实，或者与事实相反；可以用来表示主观假想，愿望，要求，命令，建议等。在形式上，虚拟语气主要是通过谓语动词的特殊结构来表示。注意:应用条件和谓语结构。 IndicativeorSubjunctiveMood1.IfIwereyou,IwouldstudyEnglishharder.2.IfIhavetimetomorrow,Iwillgowithyou.3.IfIwereabird,Iwouldflyhightotouchthesky.4.Ifwecanlearnfromthenature,wecanknowmoreaboutourselves.5.Iftheyhadhadenoughrainlastyear,theywouldhavegainedgoodharvest.6.IfIcouldcatcharainbow,Iwoulddoitjustforyou.Sub.Ind.Sub.Ind.Sub.Sub. ReadinganddiscoveringReadthepassagecarefullyandunderlinethesentencesusingsubjunctivemood. LiuXiangwonhisthirdAsian110mhurdleschampionship! LiuXiangwonhisthirdAsian110-meterhurdleschampionship!Lookingbackonthe2008OlympicGames,Liulimpedoffthetrackduetoinjuryevenbeforehestartedrunning,leavingmillionsofChineseastonishedanddisappointed.Liuapologizedinpublicforhiswithdrawal,“Ididn’tknowwhythingsturnedoutthisway.Iwantedtohangon,butIcouldn’t.Itwasunbearable.IfIhadfinishedtherace,Iwouldhaveriskedmytendon(腱)...”Liudid maketherightdecision.Ifhehadn"tgivenupthen,hewouldhavegotworseinjured.AfterLiudroppedoutoftherace,China’sInternetwasfilledwithcommentsthatrangedfromsympathytosuspicion.ItishardtoimaginehowmuchLiusuffered.Luckily,hedidn"tloseheart.“Ineverquiteasily,”hesaid,"IbelieveIwillcomeback.”Yes,hemadeit.Ifhehadn"tbeensodetermined,hewouldn"thavesucceededagain. Liuisreallyamanworthrespecting.Weshouldlearnhowtofacehardshipsinlifefromhim.Ifyouweretomeetwithdifficultiesinthefuture,wouldyousticktoyourgoalasLiuXiangdoes?AndifyouwereLiuXiangnow,whatwouldyoudo,toretireandliveacomfortablelifeortostruggleforthenextchampionship? 1.IfIhadfinishedtherace,Iwouldhaveriskedmytendon.2.Ifhehadn"tgivenupthen,hewouldhavegotworseinjured.3.Ifhehadn"tbeensodetermined,hewouldn"thavesucceededagain.Case1:If型虚拟条件句虚拟(时间)从句谓语形式主句谓语形式would,should,could,might＋havedonehad+done与过去事实相反的假设虚拟语气 1.IfIhadalotofmoney,Iwouldtravelaroundtheworldwithmybestfriends.2.IfyouwereLiuXiangnow,whatmightyoudo?3.IfIwereabird,Icouldflytotouchthesky.Case1:If型虚拟条件句虚拟(时间)从句谓语形式主句谓语形式would,should,could,might＋V.(原)1.did2.were与现在事实相反的假设虚拟语气 1.IfIsucceededinpassingthetesttomorrow,Iwouldbeveryhappy.2.Ifyouweretomeetwithdifficultiesinthefuture,wouldyousticktoyourgoalasLiuXiangdoes?3.Ifitshouldraintomorrow,Iwouldstayathome.虚拟语气Case1:If型虚拟条件句虚拟(时间)从句谓语形式主句谓语形式would,should,could,might＋V.(原)与将来相反的假设1.did2.wereto+V.原3.should+V.原 时间if条件句谓语主句谓语过去现在将来If虚拟条件句用法小结：would/should/could/might+do1.had+donewould/should/could/might+have+donewould/should/could/might+do1.did2.were1.did2.weretodo3.shoulddo Idon’tknowwhichtobuy.Ifyouwereme,whichwouldyoubuy?IfIwereyou,Iwouldbuytheredone.Practices Ifshehadn’teatensomuchcandy,shewouldn’thavehadherteethpulledout.Shehadherteethpulledoutbecausesheatetoomuchcandy. Tomhadacaraccidentbecausehedroveaftergettingdrunk.IfTomhadn’tdrivenaftergettingdrunk,hewouldn’thavehadacaraccident. Whatwouldyoudoifyouwonthelotterysomeday?IfIwon(weretowin/shouldwin)thelotterysomeday,Iwouldbuyabighouseformyparents. 虚拟语气If型特例1：虚拟混杂条件句定义：if虚拟条件句中，从句与主句的动作发生的时间不同。Forexample:Iftheyhadstudiedhardlastyear,theycoulddoiteasilynow.与过去相反与现在相反各自为准 虚拟语气If型特例2：省略if的虚拟倒装条件句定义：虚拟条件句中，从句中有were,had或should时，可以省略if，而把它们放在句首，构成部分倒装从句。3.Ifyouhadnothelpedme，Ishouldhavefailed.2.Ifheshouldfailintheexperimentthistime,hewouldtryagain.1.IfIwereyou,Iwouldnotdothat.WereIyou,Iwouldnotdothat.Shouldhefailedintheexperimentthistime,hewouldtryagain.Hadyounothelpedme,Ishouldhavefailed. 虚拟语气If型特例3：含蓄虚拟条件句定义：有时假设的条件不通过条件从句表现出来，而是暗含在上下文或without,otherwise,butfor等引出的短语中。3.我那天很忙。否则，我就和他们一起去那儿了。2.要不是你的建议，在上次考试中我就会失败的。1.没有你的帮助，我今天完成不了此事。Withoutyourhelp,Icouldn"tfinishittoday.Butforyouradvice,Iwouldhavefailedonthelastexam.Iwasbusythatday.OtherwiseIwouldhavegonetherewiththem. “我宁愿自己没有遇见他。要是当年我遇见的人是你，我肯定活得更幸福。”---《非诚勿扰》女主角笑笑“Iwish/wouldratherIhadn"tmethim.IfIhadmetyouthatyear,Iwouldhavelivedamuchhappierlife.---“IfYouAretheOne”Activity1:Translation 如果我有一千万，我就能买一栋房子。我有一千万吗？没有。所以我仍然没有房子。如果我有翅膀，我就能飞。我有翅膀吗？没有。所以我也没办法飞。如果把整个太平洋的水倒出，也浇不熄我对你爱情的火。整个太平洋的水全部倒得出吗？不行。所以我并不爱你。——痞子蔡《第一次亲密接触》 IfI______（have)tenmillionyuan,I____________(buy)ahouse.DoI_______(have)tenmillionyuan?No.Therefore,Istillhavenohouse.IfI________(have)wings,I___________(fly).DoI_______(have)wings?No.Therefore,Icannotfly.IfallthewaterofthePacificOcean__(can)bepouredout,it______notextinguishmyloveforyou.Canitbe?No.Therefore,Idon’tloveyou.hadwouldbuyhavehadwouldflyhavecouldwould Pennyisagirlwholikestomakedreams.Nowfillintheblanks,andyouwillknowwhatherdreamsis.IdowishIwereaprincess.IfI____(be)aprincess,I__________(know)alotofprincesandIwouldchoosethemosthandsomeprince.SupposeI_______(marry)aprince,we__________(have)acoupleoflittleprinceandprincess.That’sreallyinteresting.Activity2:WhatisPenny’sdreamwerewouldknowmarriedwouldhave IfI________(know)mydesirebefore,I__________________(beborn)inaroyalfamily25yearsago.However,allofthesearenottruebutIstillknowwhatIcandotofulfillmydream.IfI______________________(live)inLondoninthefuture,I__________(visit)thepalaceeveryday.IwishI________(meet)PrinceWilliam.Thenewspapersayshe__(be)singlenowsoIwillhaveachancetoknowhim.Ifhe____(fall)inlovewithme,Iwouldgetmarriedtohim.WhatifI_______________________(nevermeet)myownprince?hadknownwouldhavebeenbornlived/weretolive/shouldlivewouldvisitcouldmeetisfellnevermet/shouldnevermet ①还有七个月我就要参加高考了，现在是在学习上全力以赴的时候了。(hightime)Sevenmonthlater,IwilltakepartinthecollegeentranceexaminationandnowitishightimethatIshouldtry/triedmybestinmystudy.②我后悔把本应该用在学习上的时间浪费在玩电脑游戏上了。IregretwastingthetimewhichIshouldhavespentonmystudiesplayingcomputergames.③如果两年前我能像现在一样用功，现在的成绩会令人满意得多。IfIhadworkedtwoyearsagoashardasIdonow,mygradewouldbemuchmoresatisfactorynow.Activity3:Writing ④不过，后悔是没有用的。However,itisnouseregretting.⑤如果可能的话，我现在愿意每天24小时都花在学习上。Ifitwerepossible,Iwouldspend24hoursadayonmystudy.⑥我的老师建议我制定一个学习计划并认真执行。MyteachersuggestedthatI(should)makeastudyplanandcarryitoutseriously.⑦我也下定决心刻苦学习。MyteachersuggestedthatI(should)makeastudyplanandcarryitoutseriously. ⑧出乎我的意料，在最近一次的英语考试中，我取得了很大的进步，这给了我极大的鼓舞。Tomysurprise,IgotthehighestmarkinthelastEnglishtest,whichgreatlyinspiredme.⑨现在，我学习起来好像永不疲倦一样。Atpresent,IamlearningasifIwerenevertired.⑩如果我能坚持下去，我相信我会取得成功。IbelieveIcansucceedifIcankeepitup. IfIweregiventhreedaystosee,thefirstday,Ishouldwanttoseethepeoplewhosekindnessandgentlenessandcompanionshiphadmademylifeworthliving.假如给我三天光明第一天，我想看到这些人，他们的善良、温柔和友情使我的生命值得活下去 IfIweregiventhreedaystosee,thesecondday.Ishouldarisewiththedawnandseethethrillingmiracle by which night is transformed into day.假如给我三天光明第二天我会随黎明一道起来，看那黑夜转成白昼的激动人心的奇迹。我要怀着肃然敬畏的心情去看那太阳唤醒沉睡的大地的壮观的景象。Ishouldbeholdwiththemagnificentpanoramaoflightwithwhichthesunawakensthesleepingearth IfIweregiventhreedaystosee,thethirdday,Ishouldagaingreetthedawn,anxioustodiscovernewdelights,forIamsurethat,forthosewhohaveeyeswhichreallysee,thedawnofeachdaymustbeaperpetuallynewrevelationofbeauty.假如给我三天光明第三天接下来这一天的早上，我再次迎接黎明，迫切地要发现新的愉快，因我确信，对那些有眼睛能真正看见的人来说，每天的黎明一定是一种美的永恒新展露。 虚拟语气IfIhadsleptwelllastnightIwouldnothavebeenlateforworkIfIhadnotbeenlateIwouldnothavebeenblamedbyMr.WangIfIhadnotbeenblamedIwouldbehappierIfIwerehappierIwould……Pleasewriteitdownintheformofpoetrywiththetitle“If”,tryingtousethestructuresofSubjunctiveMood.Homework