初中英语语法系列定语从句 51页

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TheAttributiveClause定语从句 WhichbabyisJack?穿红裤子的baby是Jack。ThebabyisJack.ThebabyisJack.whosetrousersareredwhoiswearingredtrousersJack Whichhouseismine?房顶是棕色的房子是我的。Thehouseismine.whoseroofisbrownMyhouse 什么是定语从句呢？答案：修饰前面某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。结构：先行词+关系词+句子 定语从句用作定语的从句叫定语从句。定语从句所修饰的名（代）词叫作先行词。定语从句一般紧跟在先行词的后面。1.Thestudents(whodon’tstudyhard)willnotpass先行词定语从句theexam.主句:Thestudentswillnotpasstheexam.2.Thewoman(whoyousawinthepark)isour先行词定语从句Englishteacher.主句:ThewomanisourEnglishteacher.从句的主语：you从句的宾语：whom 3.Ashoeshopisashop(whichsellsshoes).主句：Ashoeshopisashop.从句的主语:which4.Thebook(thatyouwant)isonthedesk.主句从句的主语:从句的宾语：Thebookisonthedesk.youthat引导定语从句的关系代词常见的有that,which,whowhom等。关系代词放在先行词和定语从句之间，起连接作用，同时又作定语从句的一个成份。Theman(that/whotoldusafunnystory)isinthenextroom.主语Ilostthebook((that/which)yougaveme).宾语 关系代词:1.who指人,作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略）ThemanwhoItalkedwithisourteacher.Apersonwhostealsthingsiscalledathief.2.whom指人,作宾语(作宾语可省略,如介词提前则不能省)Theman(whom/who)InoddedtoisMr.Li.ThemantowhomInoddedisProfessorLi. 3.which指物，作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略,如介词提前则不能省)Thesearethetreeswhichwereplantedlastyear.Thisrecorder（which）heisusingismadeinJapan.Isthisthelibrary(which)youborrowbooksfrom?Isthisthelibraryfromwhichyouborrowbooks? 4.that指人/物，作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略）Aplaneisamachine.Itcanfly.Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.Heistheman.Itoldyouabouthim.Heistheman(that)Itoldyouabout. 归纳：that,即指人又指物，作主语或宾语。which,指物，作主语或宾语。who,whom指人,who作主语,whom作宾语。that,which,whom在定语从句中作宾语时，可省去。1)Aplaneisamachine________________canfly.2)Thecar____________________myuncleboughtlastweekwasstolen.3)Thestudents________________don’tstudyhardwillnotpasstheexam.4)Thewoman___________________yousawintheparkisourEnglishteacher.which/thatwhich/that///who/thatwhom/that/// Thehouse___________weliveinisveryold.Thosearetheshoes__________Ilostlastweek.Thatistheman__________foundmyhandbag.Lucycan’teatfood__________haschocolateinit.Thecar__________myuncleboughtlastmonthisverybeautiful.which/thatwhich/thatwho/thatwhich/thatwhich/that 6.Thevillage__________GuoPenglivesinisveryfaraway.7.Theboy__________iswearingtheblackjacketisveryclever.8.Ihatepeople__________talkmuchbutdolittle.9.Thedetectivefoundthethieves__________robbedtheBankofHawaii.10.Myauntworksinauniversity__________hasoverfivethousandstudents.which/thatwho/thatwho/thatwho/thatwhich/that Fillintheblankswithwho,whom,that,orwhich.1Theearthquake____________hitthecityin1906wasthebiggestinAmericanhistory.2Wedon’tknowthenumberofpeople__________losttheirhomesinthe1906earthquake.3Thehouse____________theybuiltin1987stayedupintheearthquake.4Ahouse___________isbuiltonsandmayfalldowninanearthquake.5Luckilynoneofthepeople___________Iknowwerekilledintheearthquake.6People_________studyearthquakesthinksthattherewillbeanotherbigonesoon.which/thatwho/thatwhich/thatwhich/thatwho/whomwho Exercises1.Thebooks_______Iborrowedfromthelibrarywasnewlypublished.2.TheIDcard_______Ilostlastweekwasfoundinasupermarket.3.Thenewspapers______wehavecollectedwillberecycled.4.Mostofthecars________werestolenhavenotbeenfoundyet.5.Thestudents______arevisitingthenaturalmuseumareveryinterestedinthedinosaurs.thatwhichwhichwhichwho 6.Thegirl_____istakingcareofthebabyismyaunt’sbaby-sitter.7.Allthewomen_____wereworkinginthatfactoryhadadayoffonWomen’sDay.8.吉姆住的房间看起来很漂亮Theroom_________________looksverynice.9.那就是刚才偷我钱包的那个人Thatistheman___________________________.10.昨天抢银行的小偷被抓住了Thethieves_______________________________werecaught.11.Hetalkedhappilyaboutthemenandbooks________interestedhimgreatlyintheschool.(which/that)whowhowhichJimlivesinwhostolemypursejustnowwhorobbedthebankyesterdaythat 以下情况只能用that1先行词既有指人又有指物2当先行词前有序数词或形容词最高级时，有theonly,thevery等修饰时3先行词是all,much,anything,something,nothing等不定代词4主句是以who/which开头的特殊疑问句时 Fillintheblanks:1.Theterribletyphoonkilledthepeopleandcattle_______wereinthefields.2.Thewindblewdownthetallesttree_______isinfrontofourschoolgate.3.Thisistheverything______Iwaslookingfor.4.Thisisthesecondnovel______Ihaveeverread.5.Thereisnothingintheworld_______canfrightenme.6.Whoistheman_______isreadingunderthetree?7.Myhometownisnotthesameone_______itusedtobetwentyyearsago.thatthatthat//that//thatthatthat Corrections:1.Themanjustsaidhellotomeismychemistryteacher.who2.Whoisthemanyoujustshookhandswithhim.3.Egyptisacountrywhereisfamousforitspyramids.(wherewhich)4.ThisisthebestdictionarywhichIhaveeverused.(whichthat)5.Thehousewhereweliveinisnotverylarge.(wherewhich/that)6.Thehousethatitwasbuiltin1970stayedupintheearthquake. 1.Thatbookthatyouwantitisonthedesk.2.Isthisfactorythatwevisitedlastweek?theoneThisfactoryistheonethatwevisitedlastweek.3.Heisthepersonforwhomyouarelooking.for4.ThepersontowhomyoutalkedisLily.ThepersonwhomyoutalkedtoisLily.归纳：1.定语从句要避免成分重复2.定语从句要避免漏用先行词3.含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开 when在定语从句中作时间状语，相当于“介词+关系代词（which）”。I’llneverforgetthedaywhenIjoinedtheleague.onwhichwhere在定语从句中作地点状语，相当于“介词+关系代词（which）”。ThisisthehousewhereIlivedtwoyearsago.inwhich==关系副词 why在定语从句中作原因状语，相当于“介词for+关系代词（which）”。Doyouknowthereasonwhyshewaslate.forwhich= “介词＋关系代词”即“介词＋which”引导定语从句应注意：1介词的选用至少要考虑以下的两个因素A.与先行词的搭配关系1）Iwillneverforgettheday_____________Ijoinedthearmy.2)Iwillneverforgetthedays____________Iworkedintheschool.3)Iwillneverforgettheyear____________mysonwenttocollege.4)Igothomeat7:00p.m.yesterday,____________mostpeoplehadhadsupper.onwhichduringwhichinwhichbywhich B.与从句谓语动词的搭配习惯1）Haveyoufoundthebook____________Ipaid29USdollars?2)Haveyoufoundthebook_____________Ispent29USdollars?3)Haveyoufoundthebook_____________welearntalot?4)Haveyoufoundthebook____________sheoftentalks?forwhichonwhichfromwhichaboutwhich Fillintheblanks.1.Istillremembertheday_________wespentintheforest.2.Istillremembertheday____________IfirstcametoBeijing.3.Thefactory_________wewillvisitislarge.4.Thefactory____________hisfatherworksislarge.5.I’llneverforgetthetime_____________weworkonthefarm.6.Thisisthehouse____________welivedlastyear.that/whichwhen/onwhichthat/whichwhere/inwhichwhen/atwhichwhere/inwhich归纳:关系副词when指时间,关系副词where指地点,在定语从句中作状语。即使先行词是时间地点,若作从句中的宾语，只能用关系代词that,which. 8.The5yuan_____________heboughtthebookwasgivenbyhisfriend.9.Ican’tforgetthedays_______Istudiedincollege.Ican’tforgetthedays______Ispentincollege.10.Theoldmanalwayswearshisglasses__________________hecan’tseeanything.11.Thekey_________shewasopeningthedoorbroke.12.Thelibrary___________weoftengoonSundaysisnotfarfromourschool.13.Nooneknowsthereason__________sheisleavingsoearly.14.Atlasttheycametoariver_____________anewbridgeisbeingbuilt.forwhichonwhichwithoutwhichwithwhichtowhichforwhichoverwhichwhich 定语从句：Completethefollowingsentences:1.Isthistheschool________youvisitedlastyear?Isthisschool__________youvisitedlastyear?2.Heisoneofthestudentswho_____goodatmaths.Heistheonlyoneofthestudentswho_____goodatmath.3.Thegirl_____wasalwayshonestliedtome.Thegirl______Imetliedtome.4.Idon’tknowthetime_______shearrived.5.Chinaisnolongerthecountry________Isaw10yearsago.that/whichtheoneareiswhowhomwhenthat/which 6.TheradioIboughtyesterdayisquitedifferentfrom___________youboughtlastmonth.TheradioIboughtyesterdayisquitedifferentfromtheone________youboughtlastmonth.7.Doyoustillrememberthehotel____________welivedlastsummerholiday?Doyoustillrememberthepark___________wevisitedlastsummerholiday?8.Thisistheroom____________mygrandmotherusedtolivedin.Thisistheroom__________mygrandmotherusedtolive.theonethatinwhichthat/whichwhich/thatinwhich 9.Hehastwosons,andbothof_____workasactors.Hehastwosons,bothof_____workasactors.10.Chinahashundredsofislands,_________Taiwanisthelargest.Chinahashundredsofislands,thelargest____________isTaiwan.11.Thisisthehouse__________thewindowwasbrokenyesterday.Thisisthehouse_______windowwasbrokenyesterday.12.Heistheteacher___________helpwehavemadegreatprogress.themwhomofwhichofwhichofwhichwhosewithwhose 1.I’llremembertheday_____Ispentwithmyfriend.2.I’llremembertheday__________Iwasborn.3.I’llremembertheday_________isspecialtome.4.Thisistheplace_________isquietandbeautiful.5.Thisistheplace______________Ilikeverymuch.6.Thisistheplace____________Iworkedforoneyear.7.That’sthereason_____________hetoldus.8.That’sthereason__________hecamelateforclass.用正确的关系词填空。that/which/Øonwhich/whenthat/whichthat/whichthat/which/Øinwhich/wherethat/which/Øforwhich/why 1.Heistheveryperson__Ilike.itB.whichC.thisD.that2.Thisisthefirstplace___wevisitedlastyear.whichB.whatC.thatD.where3.Moneyisnottheonlything___ismissing.whichB.thatC.whoD.whose4.Thisis___Iwanted.A.theoneB.whatC.theonethatD.alltheabove5.Aclockisthat___tellsustime.A.thatB.whichC.itD.who6.Whoistheteacher__isworkingintheoffice?A.whoB.thatC.whomD.which7.Ilikethingsandpersons___areinteresting.A.whoB.thatC.whichD.whomDCBDBBB 在选择引导定语从句的关系代词时，有如下要点：1由于关系代词在主句与从句间既起到联系作用，又在从句中充当一个成分，因此，要正确判断关系代词在从句中的功能，如作主语还是宾语等。2当先行词指人时，关系代词可用who（做主语，宾语），that（做主语，宾语），whom（作宾语），whose（作定语）3当先行词指物时，关系代词可用that（做主语，宾语），which（做主语，宾语）4在定语从句中，作宾语的关系代词常可省略，但在介词后面的关系代词不能省略。指人时，介词后只用whom，指物时，介词后只用which。 ThemantowhomInoddedisProfessorLi.如果介词提前，作宾语的关系代词不能省略指物，只用which指人,只用whomIsthisthelibraryfromwhichyouborrowbooks?Isthisthelibrary(which)youborrowbooksfrom?Theman(whom/who)InoddedtoisMr.Li. Fillintheblankswithwho,whom,that,orwhich.1Theearthquake____________hitthecityin1906wasthebiggestinAmericanhistory.2Wedon’tknowthenumberofpeople__________losttheirhomesinthe1906earthquake.3Thehouse____________theybuiltin1987stayedupintheearthquake.4Ahouse___________isbuiltonsandmayfalldowninanearthquake.5Luckilynoneofthepeople___________Iknowwerekilledintheearthquake.6People_________studyearthquakesthinksthattherewillbeanotherbigonesoon.which/thatwho/thatwhich/thatwhich/thatwho/whomwho 当先行词指人时，关系代词可用who（做主语，宾语），that（做主语，宾语），whom（作宾语），whose（作定语）Talkingaboutpeople1ShelookedatJeffwho/thatwaswavinghisarms.2Doyouknowtheboywhoseparentsareonholiday?3Isthistheboywhomyouspoketojustnow? 当先行词指物时，关系代词可用that（做主语，宾语），which（做主语，宾语）Talkingaboutthings1Thestorythat/whichyoureadis“TheRescue”.2Andthereshesawawallofwaterthat/whichwasquicklyadvancingtowardsher. ThemantowhomInoddedisProfessorLi.如果介词提前，作宾语的关系代词不能省略指物，只用which指人,只用whomIsthisthelibraryfromwhichyouborrowbooks?Isthisthelibrary(which)youborrowbooksfrom?Theman(whom/who)InoddedtoisMr.Li. 限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句：Mysister,whoistwenty,worksinabank.Themanwhocamehereyesterdayhascomeagain.限制性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语，如果去掉，主句的意思就不完整或失去意义。这种从句和主句关系十分密切，写时不用逗号分开。非限制性定语从句和主句关系不很密切，只是对先行词作些附加说明，如果去掉，主句的意思仍然清楚。这种从句，写时往往逗号分开。 在非限制性定语从句中，指人时，只用who，指物时，只用which。ShelookedatJeff,whowaswavinghisarms.Football,whichisaveryinterestinggame,islovedbymostpeopleintheworld. whose在定语从句中作定语，表示引导词与whose后的名词为所属关系。whose多指人，也可指物，指物时可与ofwhich互换使用。Whoseisusedinsteadforhis/her/their/its.Thisisthebookwhosecoverisblue.Thisisthebookofwhichthecoverisblue. Fillintheblankswithwho,whom,whosethat,orwhich.1Ihaveafriend______likeslisteningtoclassicalmusic.2YesterdayEmilywaswearingthenewdress__________Igaveher.3Theman______legbrokeinamatchusedtobeafootballplayer.4Kevinisreadingabook__________istoodifficultforhim.whowhich/thatwhoseWhich/that Fillintheblankswithwho,whom,whosethat,orwhich.5Thefamily_____I’mstayingwithlivesintown.6Iknowthestudent________articlewaspublished.7Betty,______hasneverbeenabroad,isstudyingEnglishverywell.8Myparentsliveinahouse____________ismorethan100yearsold.9Theboywith_______Johnspokeismybrother.thatwhosewhowhich/thatwhom when在定语从句中作时间状语，相当于“介词+关系代词（which）”。I’llneverforgetthedaywhenIjoinedtheleague.onwhichwhere在定语从句中作地点状语，相当于“介词+关系代词（which）”。ThisisthehousewhereIlivedtwoyearsago.inwhich== why在定语从句中作原因状语，相当于“介词for+关系代词（which）”。Doyouknowthereasonwhyshewaslate.forwhich= Exercise1.October1,1949istheday_____thePRCwasfounded.whichB.whenC.thatD.onthat2.Isthatthereason_____youarefortheplan.whichB.whatC.whyD.forthat 3.October1,1949istheday_____thePRCwasfounded.A.whichB.whenC.thatD.onthat4.Isthistheplace______youwereborn?A.whichB.whereC.whatD.that 挑战高难度！！！ 1.Isthistheplace______youwereborn?A.whichB.whereC.whatD.that2.Isthistheplace______someGermanfriendsvisitedlastyear?A.whichB.whereC.whatD.why 3.Thehouse_______thefamouswriterwrotehisworksisamuseumnow.A.whichB.whereC.whatD.that4.Thehouse_______thefamouswriterboughtmanyyearsagoisamuseumnow.A.thatB.whereC.whatD.why 5.Hetoldherthereason____heisunhappy,butshedoesn’tbelievethereason______hegivesher.A.why;whyB.why;whichC.that;whyD.which;why 谢谢观赏~~~