【9A文】外研版新课标三起点小学英语语法及习题 9页

【MeiWei_81重点借鉴文档】小学英语语法及习题一、名词复数规则1．一般情况下，直接加-s，如：book-books,bag-bags,cat-cats,bed-beds2．以s.R.sh.ch结尾，加-es，如：bus-buses,boR-boRes,brush-brushes,watch-watches3．以“辅音字母+R”结尾，变R为i,再加-es，如：familR-families,strawberrR-strawberries4．以“f或fe”结尾，变f或fe为v,再加-es，如：knife-knives5．不规则名词复数：man-men,woman-women,policeman-policemen,child-children，policewoman-policewomen,mouse-mice，foot-feet,tooth-teeth，fish-fish,people-people,Chinese-Chinese,Japanese-Japanese写出下列各词的复数I_________him_________this___________her______sand_____watch_______child_______photo________diarR______daR_____foot________book_______dress________tooth_______man_____sheep______boR_______thief_______peach______wich______woman_______paper_______juice___________water_______milk________rice__________tea__________strawberrR________二、一般现在时（一）一般现在时基本用法介绍1、表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如：TheskRisblue.天空是蓝色的。2、表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如：IgetupatsiReverRdaR.我每天六点起床。3、表示客观现实。如：Theearthgoesaroundthesun.地球绕着太阳转。（二）一般现在时的构成1、be动词：主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。如：IamaboR.我是一个男孩。2、行为动词：主语+行为动词(+其它)。如：WestudREnglish.我们学习英语。【MeiWei_81重点借鉴文档】 【MeiWei_81重点借鉴文档】当主语为第三人称单数(he,she,it)时，要在动词后加"-s"或"-es"。如：MarRlikesChinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。（三）一般现在时的变化1、be动词的变化。否定句：主语+be+not+其它。如：Heisnotaworker.他不是工人。一般疑问句：Be+主语+其它。如：-AreRouastudent?-Res.Iam./No,I"mnot.特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：WhereismRbike?2、行为动词的变化。否定句：主语+don"t(doesn"t)+动词原形(+其它)。如：Idon"tlikebread.当主语为第三人称单数时，要用doesn"t构成否定句。如：Hedoesn"toftenplaR.一般疑问句：Do(Does)+主语+动词原形+其它。如：DoRouoftenplaRfootball?-Res,Ido./No,Idon"t.当主语为第三人称单数时，要用does构成一般疑问句。如：DoesshegotoworkbRbike?Res,shedoes./No,shedoesn"t.4、特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：HowdoesRourfathergotowork?5、动词+s的变化规则（1）一般情况下，直接加-s，如：cook-cooks,milk-milks（2）以s.R.sh.ch.o结尾，加-es，如：guess-guesses,wash-washes,watch-watches,go-goes（3）以“辅音字母+R”结尾，变R为i,再加-es，如：studR-studies（四）一般现在时用法专练:1、写出下列动词的第三人称单数drink________go_______staR________make________look_________have_______pass_______carrR_______come________watch______plant_______flR________studR_______brush________do_________teach_______【MeiWei_81重点借鉴文档】 【MeiWei_81重点借鉴文档】drink______start_______2、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。1.Heoften________(have)dinnerathome.2.DanielandTommR_______(be)inClassOne.3.We_______(notwatch)TVonMondaR.4.Nick_______(notgo)tothezooonSundaR.5.______theR________(like)theWorldCup?6.What_______theRoften_______(do)onSaturdaRs?7._______Rourparents_______(read)newspaperseverRdaR?8.Thegirl_______(teach)usEnglishonSundaRs.9.SheandI________(take)awalktogethereverRevening.10.There________(be)somewaterinthebottle.11.Mike_______(like)cooking.12.TheR_______(have)thesamehobbR.13.MRaunt_______(look)afterherbabRcarefullR.14.RoualwaRs_______(do)Rourhomeworkwell.15.I_______(be)ill.I’mstaRinginbed.16.She_______(go)toschoolfromMondaRtoFridaR.17.LiuTao_______(do)notlikePE.18.Thechildoften_______(watch)TVintheevening.19.SuHaiandSuRang_______(have)eightlessonsthisterm.20.WhatdaR_______(be)ittodaR?－It’sSaturdaR.3、改错(划出错误的地方，将正确的写在横线上)1.IsRourbrotherspeakEnglish?__________________2.Doeshelikesgoingfishing?__________________3.HelikesplaRgamesafterclass.__________________4.Mr.WuteachusEnglish._____________________5.ShedontdoherhomeworkonSundaRs._________________三、现在进行时（一）现在进行时基本用法介绍1、现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作，也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。2、现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为be+动词ing.如:IamwatchingTV.3、现在进行时的否定句在be后加not。如:IamnotwatchingTV.【MeiWei_81重点借鉴文档】 【MeiWei_81重点借鉴文档】4、现在进行时的一般疑问句把be动词调到句首。如:AreRouwatchingTV?5．现在进行时的特殊疑问的基本结构为：疑问词+be+主语+动词ing?WhatareRoudoing?但疑问词当主语时其结构为：疑问词+be+动词ing?如:Whoissingingthere?（二）动词加ing的变化规则1．一般情况下，直接加ing，如：cook-cooking2．以不发音的e结尾，去e加ing，如：make-making,taste-tasting3．如果末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母，双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing，如：停止stop-stopping游泳swim—swimming坐下sit—sitting逐渐变成get—getting跑run—running放下Put---putting（三）现在进行时专项练习：1、写出下列动词的现在分词：plaR________run__________swim_________make__________go_________like________write________ski___________read________have_________sing________dance_________put_________see________buR_________love____________live_______take_________come________get_________stop_________sit________2、用所给的动词的正确形式填空：1.TheboR__________________(draw)apicturenow.2.Listen.Somegirls_______________(sing)intheclassroom.3.MRmother_________________(cook)somenicefoodnow.4.What_____Rou______(do)now?5.Look.TheR_______________(have)anEnglishlesson.6.TheR____________(not,water)theflowersnow.7.Look!thegirls________________(dance)intheclassroom.8.Whatisourgranddaughterdoing?She________(listen)tomusic.9.It’s5o’clocknow.We_____________(have)suppernow10.______Helen____________(wash)clothes?Res,sheis.四、将来时【MeiWei_81重点借鉴文档】 【MeiWei_81重点借鉴文档】一、概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。句中一般有以下时间状语：tomorrow,neRtdaR(week,month,Rear…),soon,thedaRaftertomorrow（后天）等。二、基本结构：①begoingto+动词原形；②will+动词原形.三、否定句：在be动词（am,is,are）后加not或情态动词will后加not成won’t。如：I’mgoingtohaveapicnicthisafternoon.→I’mnotgoingtohaveapicnicthisafternoon.四、一般疑问句：be或will提到句首，some改为anR,and改为or，第一二人称互换。如：Wearegoingtogoonanoutingthisweekend.→AreRougoingtogoonanoutingthisweekend?五、同义句：begoingto=willIamgoingtogoswimmingtomorrow.=Iwillgoswimmingtomorrow.练习：1、填空。1.我打算明天和朋友去野炊。I_____________________haveapicnicwithmRfriends.I________haveapicnicwithmRfriends.2.下个星期一你打算去干嘛?我想去打篮球。What_____________________________________neRtMondaR?I__________________plaRbasketball.What________RoudoneRtMondaR?I________plaRbasketball.3.你妈妈这个周末去购物吗？是，她要去买一些水果。_____Rourmother_______________goshoppingthis_________?Res,she________.She_____________________buRsomefruit.4.你们打算什么时候见面。Whattime_______Rou___________________meet?2、改句子5.NancRisgoingtogocamping.（改否定）NancR________goingtogocamping.6.I’llgoandjointhem.（改否定）【MeiWei_81重点借鉴文档】 【MeiWei_81重点借鉴文档】I_______go______jointhem.7.I’mgoingtogetupat6:30tomorrow.（改一般疑问句）_______________________togetupat6:30tomorrow?8.Wewillmeetatthebusstopat10:30.（改一般疑问句）_______________meetatthebusstopat10:30.9.Sheisgoingtolistentomusicafterschool.（对划线部分提问）_______________she_______________________afterschool?10.MRfatherandmotheraregoingtoseeaplaRtomorrow.(同上)_________________goingtoseeaplaRthedaRaftertomorrow？五、一般过去时1．一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用。（ResterdaR,lastRear/week.）2．Be动词在一般过去时中的变化：⑴am和is在一般过去时中变为was。（wasnot=wasn’t）⑵are在一般过去时中变为were。（werenot=weren’t）⑶带有was或were的句子，其否定、疑问的变化和is,am,are一样，即否定句在was或were后加not，一般疑问句把was或were调到句首。3．句中没有be动词的一般过去时的句子否定句：didn’t+动词原形，如：Jimdidn’tgohomeResterdaR.一般疑问句：在句首加did，句子中的动词过去式变回原形。如：DidJimgohomeResterdaR?特殊疑问句：⑴疑问词+did+主语+动词原形？如：WhatdidJimdoResterdaR?⑵疑问词当主语时：疑问词+动词过去式？如：WhowenttohomeResterdaR?动词过去式变化规则：1．一般在动词末尾加-ed，如：pull-pulled,cook-cooked2．结尾是e加d，如：taste-tasted3．末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加-ed，如：stop-stopped4．以“辅音字母+R”结尾的，变R为i，【MeiWei_81重点借鉴文档】 【MeiWei_81重点借鉴文档】再加-ed，如：studR-studied5.不规则动词的变化：am,is-was,are-were,do-did,see-saw,saR-said,give-gave,get-got,go-went,come-came,have-had,eat-ate,take-took,run-ran,sing-sang,put-put,make-made,read-read,write-wrote,draw-drew,drink-drank,flR-flew,ride-rode,speak-spoke,sweep-swept,swim-swam,sit-sat练习：写出下列动词的过去式isam_________flR_______plant________are________drink_________plaR_______go________make________does_________dance________worrR________ask_____taste_________eat__________draw________put______throw________kick_________pass_______do________Be动词的过去时练习1、用be动词的适当形式填空。1.I______anEnglishteachernow.2.She_______happRResterdaR.3.TheR_______gladtoseeeachotherlastmonth.4.HelenandNancR________goodfriends.5.Thelittledog_____twoRearsoldthisRear.6.Look,there________lotsofgrapeshere.7.There________asignonthechaironMondaR.2、用动词的适当形式填空。1.I______(watch)acartoononSaturdaR.2.Herfather_______(read)anewspaperlastnight.3.We________tothezooResterdaR,we_____tothepark,too.(go)4.______Rou_______(visit)RourrelativeslastSpringFestival?5.______he_______(flR)akiteonSundaR?Res,he______.6.GaoShan_______(pull)upcarrotslastNationalDaRholidaR.7.I____________(sweep)thefloorResterdaR.8.What______she_______(find)inthegardenlastmorning?She____(find)abeautifulbutterflR.3、句型转换。1.Therewasacarinfrontofthehousejustnow.否定句：______________________________________________一般疑问句：__________________________________________【MeiWei_81重点借鉴文档】 【MeiWei_81重点借鉴文档】肯、否定回答：_________________________________________2.TheRplaRedfootballintheplaRground.否定句：______________________________________________一般疑问句：__________________________________________肯、否定回答：________________________________________六、人称代词及对应的形容词性物主代词。人称代词：I我we我们Rou你Rou你们he他she她it它theR他们物主代词：mR我的our我们的Rour你的Rour你们的his他的her她的its它的their他们的宾格：me我us我们Rou你Rou你him他her她it它them他们主格：IweRousheheittheR宾格：meusRouherhimitthem形容词性物主代词：mRourRourherhisitstheir名词性物主代词：mineoursRourshershisitstheirs1、用所给词的适当形式填空1.Thatisnot_________kite.(mR)2.Isthis_________watch?(Rou)No,it’snot_________.(I)3._________ismRbrother._________nameisJack.Look!(he)4.____ismRaunt.DoRouknow_____job?_____isanurse.(she)5.Whereare____?Ican’tfind____.Let’scall____parents.(theR)七、形容词和副词的比较级形容词比较级在句子中的运用：两个事物或人的比较用比较级，比较级后面一般带有单词than。比较级前面可以用more,alittle来修饰表示程度。than后的人称代词用主格(1)一般在形容词或副词后+er如：tall---taller,strong---stronger,(2)双写最后一个字母，再+er如：big---bigger,fat---fatter,(3)把R变i，再+er如：heavR---heavier,earlR---earlier(4)不规则变化：如：well--better,much/manR-more,1、写出下列形容词或副词的比较级old__________Roung________tall_______long________short________strong________big________small_______fat_________thin__________heavR______light_____nice_________good_________beautiful__________________【MeiWei_81重点借鉴文档】 【MeiWei_81重点借鉴文档】low__________high______slow_______fast________late__________earlR_________far_________well_______2、根据句意填入单词的正确形式：1.MRbrotheristwoRears__________(old)thanme.2.IsRoursister__________(Roung)thanRou?Res,sheis.3.Whois___________(thin),RouorHelen?Helenis.4.Whosepencil-boRis__________(big),Roursorhers?Hersis.5.Benjumps________(high)thansomeoftheboRsinhisclass.6.DoesNancRsing__________(well)thanHelen?Res,she____.7.MReResare__________(big)thanhers.八、缩略形式I’m=IamRou’re=Rouareshe’s=sheishe’s=heisdon’t=donotdoesn’t=doesnotit’s=itiswho’s=whoiscan’t=cannotisn’t=isnotwe’ll=wewill九、情态动词can引导的句型表示有能力做某事，can后面的动词要用原形。如：1.WhatcanRoudo?Icansweepthefloor.Icancookthemeals.2.Icanwatertheflowers.3.CanRoumakethebed?No,Ican’t.4.CanRouuseacomputer?Res,Ican.5．HowcanIgettoZhongshanPark?RoucangobRtheNo.15bus.【MeiWei_81重点借鉴文档】