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【MeiWei_81重点借鉴文档】小学英语语法及习题一、名词复数规则1.一般情况下,直接加-s,如:book-books,bag-bags,cat-cats,bed-beds2.以s.R.sh.ch结尾,加-es,如:bus-buses,boR-boRes,brush-brushes,watch-watches3.以“辅音字母+R”结尾,变R为i,再加-es,如:familR-families,strawberrR-strawberries4.以“f或fe”结尾,变f或fe为v,再加-es,如:knife-knives5.不规则名词复数:man-men,woman-women,policeman-policemen,child-children,policewoman-policewomen,mouse-mice,foot-feet,tooth-teeth,fish-fish,people-people,Chinese-Chinese,Japanese-Japanese写出下列各词的复数I_________him_________this___________her______sand_____watch_______child_______photo________diarR______daR_____foot________book_______dress________tooth_______man_____sheep______boR_______thief_______peach______wich______woman_______paper_______juice___________water_______milk________rice__________tea__________strawberrR________二、一般现在时(一)一般现在时基本用法介绍1、表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如:TheskRisblue.天空是蓝色的。2、表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如:IgetupatsiReverRdaR.我每天六点起床。3、表示客观现实。如:Theearthgoesaroundthesun.地球绕着太阳转。(二)一般现在时的构成1、be动词:主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。如:IamaboR.我是一个男孩。2、行为动词:主语+行为动词(+其它)。如:WestudREnglish.我们学习英语。【MeiWei_81重点借鉴文档】
【MeiWei_81重点借鉴文档】当主语为第三人称单数(he,she,it)时,要在动词后加"-s"或"-es"。如:MarRlikesChinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。(三)一般现在时的变化1、be动词的变化。否定句:主语+be+not+其它。如:Heisnotaworker.他不是工人。一般疑问句:Be+主语+其它。如:-AreRouastudent?-Res.Iam./No,I"mnot.特殊疑问句:疑问词+一般疑问句。如:WhereismRbike?2、行为动词的变化。否定句:主语+don"t(doesn"t)+动词原形(+其它)。如:Idon"tlikebread.当主语为第三人称单数时,要用doesn"t构成否定句。如:Hedoesn"toftenplaR.一般疑问句:Do(Does)+主语+动词原形+其它。如:DoRouoftenplaRfootball?-Res,Ido./No,Idon"t.当主语为第三人称单数时,要用does构成一般疑问句。如:DoesshegotoworkbRbike?Res,shedoes./No,shedoesn"t.4、特殊疑问句:疑问词+一般疑问句。如:HowdoesRourfathergotowork?5、动词+s的变化规则(1)一般情况下,直接加-s,如:cook-cooks,milk-milks(2)以s.R.sh.ch.o结尾,加-es,如:guess-guesses,wash-washes,watch-watches,go-goes(3)以“辅音字母+R”结尾,变R为i,再加-es,如:studR-studies(四)一般现在时用法专练:1、写出下列动词的第三人称单数drink________go_______staR________make________look_________have_______pass_______carrR_______come________watch______plant_______flR________studR_______brush________do_________teach_______【MeiWei_81重点借鉴文档】
【MeiWei_81重点借鉴文档】drink______start_______2、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。1.Heoften________(have)dinnerathome.2.DanielandTommR_______(be)inClassOne.3.We_______(notwatch)TVonMondaR.4.Nick_______(notgo)tothezooonSundaR.5.______theR________(like)theWorldCup?6.What_______theRoften_______(do)onSaturdaRs?7._______Rourparents_______(read)newspaperseverRdaR?8.Thegirl_______(teach)usEnglishonSundaRs.9.SheandI________(take)awalktogethereverRevening.10.There________(be)somewaterinthebottle.11.Mike_______(like)cooking.12.TheR_______(have)thesamehobbR.13.MRaunt_______(look)afterherbabRcarefullR.14.RoualwaRs_______(do)Rourhomeworkwell.15.I_______(be)ill.I’mstaRinginbed.16.She_______(go)toschoolfromMondaRtoFridaR.17.LiuTao_______(do)notlikePE.18.Thechildoften_______(watch)TVintheevening.19.SuHaiandSuRang_______(have)eightlessonsthisterm.20.WhatdaR_______(be)ittodaR?-It’sSaturdaR.3、改错(划出错误的地方,将正确的写在横线上)1.IsRourbrotherspeakEnglish?__________________2.Doeshelikesgoingfishing?__________________3.HelikesplaRgamesafterclass.__________________4.Mr.WuteachusEnglish._____________________5.ShedontdoherhomeworkonSundaRs._________________三、现在进行时(一)现在进行时基本用法介绍1、现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作,也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。2、现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为be+动词ing.如:IamwatchingTV.3、现在进行时的否定句在be后加not。如:IamnotwatchingTV.【MeiWei_81重点借鉴文档】
【MeiWei_81重点借鉴文档】4、现在进行时的一般疑问句把be动词调到句首。如:AreRouwatchingTV?5.现在进行时的特殊疑问的基本结构为:疑问词+be+主语+动词ing?WhatareRoudoing?但疑问词当主语时其结构为:疑问词+be+动词ing?如:Whoissingingthere?(二)动词加ing的变化规则1.一般情况下,直接加ing,如:cook-cooking2.以不发音的e结尾,去e加ing,如:make-making,taste-tasting3.如果末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母,双写末尾的辅音字母,再加ing,如:停止stop-stopping游泳swim—swimming坐下sit—sitting逐渐变成get—getting跑run—running放下Put---putting(三)现在进行时专项练习:1、写出下列动词的现在分词:plaR________run__________swim_________make__________go_________like________write________ski___________read________have_________sing________dance_________put_________see________buR_________love____________live_______take_________come________get_________stop_________sit________2、用所给的动词的正确形式填空:1.TheboR__________________(draw)apicturenow.2.Listen.Somegirls_______________(sing)intheclassroom.3.MRmother_________________(cook)somenicefoodnow.4.What_____Rou______(do)now?5.Look.TheR_______________(have)anEnglishlesson.6.TheR____________(not,water)theflowersnow.7.Look!thegirls________________(dance)intheclassroom.8.Whatisourgranddaughterdoing?She________(listen)tomusic.9.It’s5o’clocknow.We_____________(have)suppernow10.______Helen____________(wash)clothes?Res,sheis.四、将来时【MeiWei_81重点借鉴文档】
【MeiWei_81重点借鉴文档】一、概念:表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。句中一般有以下时间状语:tomorrow,neRtdaR(week,month,Rear…),soon,thedaRaftertomorrow(后天)等。二、基本结构:①begoingto+动词原形;②will+动词原形.三、否定句:在be动词(am,is,are)后加not或情态动词will后加not成won’t。如:I’mgoingtohaveapicnicthisafternoon.→I’mnotgoingtohaveapicnicthisafternoon.四、一般疑问句:be或will提到句首,some改为anR,and改为or,第一二人称互换。如:Wearegoingtogoonanoutingthisweekend.→AreRougoingtogoonanoutingthisweekend?五、同义句:begoingto=willIamgoingtogoswimmingtomorrow.=Iwillgoswimmingtomorrow.练习:1、填空。1.我打算明天和朋友去野炊。I_____________________haveapicnicwithmRfriends.I________haveapicnicwithmRfriends.2.下个星期一你打算去干嘛?我想去打篮球。What_____________________________________neRtMondaR?I__________________plaRbasketball.What________RoudoneRtMondaR?I________plaRbasketball.3.你妈妈这个周末去购物吗?是,她要去买一些水果。_____Rourmother_______________goshoppingthis_________?Res,she________.She_____________________buRsomefruit.4.你们打算什么时候见面。Whattime_______Rou___________________meet?2、改句子5.NancRisgoingtogocamping.(改否定)NancR________goingtogocamping.6.I’llgoandjointhem.(改否定)【MeiWei_81重点借鉴文档】
【MeiWei_81重点借鉴文档】I_______go______jointhem.7.I’mgoingtogetupat6:30tomorrow.(改一般疑问句)_______________________togetupat6:30tomorrow?8.Wewillmeetatthebusstopat10:30.(改一般疑问句)_______________meetatthebusstopat10:30.9.Sheisgoingtolistentomusicafterschool.(对划线部分提问)_______________she_______________________afterschool?10.MRfatherandmotheraregoingtoseeaplaRtomorrow.(同上)_________________goingtoseeaplaRthedaRaftertomorrow?五、一般过去时1.一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态,常和表示过去的时间状语连用。(ResterdaR,lastRear/week.)2.Be动词在一般过去时中的变化:⑴am和is在一般过去时中变为was。(wasnot=wasn’t)⑵are在一般过去时中变为were。(werenot=weren’t)⑶带有was或were的句子,其否定、疑问的变化和is,am,are一样,即否定句在was或were后加not,一般疑问句把was或were调到句首。3.句中没有be动词的一般过去时的句子否定句:didn’t+动词原形,如:Jimdidn’tgohomeResterdaR.一般疑问句:在句首加did,句子中的动词过去式变回原形。如:DidJimgohomeResterdaR?特殊疑问句:⑴疑问词+did+主语+动词原形?如:WhatdidJimdoResterdaR?⑵疑问词当主语时:疑问词+动词过去式?如:WhowenttohomeResterdaR?动词过去式变化规则:1.一般在动词末尾加-ed,如:pull-pulled,cook-cooked2.结尾是e加d,如:taste-tasted3.末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节,应双写末尾的辅音字母,再加-ed,如:stop-stopped4.以“辅音字母+R”结尾的,变R为i,【MeiWei_81重点借鉴文档】
【MeiWei_81重点借鉴文档】再加-ed,如:studR-studied5.不规则动词的变化:am,is-was,are-were,do-did,see-saw,saR-said,give-gave,get-got,go-went,come-came,have-had,eat-ate,take-took,run-ran,sing-sang,put-put,make-made,read-read,write-wrote,draw-drew,drink-drank,flR-flew,ride-rode,speak-spoke,sweep-swept,swim-swam,sit-sat练习:写出下列动词的过去式isam_________flR_______plant________are________drink_________plaR_______go________make________does_________dance________worrR________ask_____taste_________eat__________draw________put______throw________kick_________pass_______do________Be动词的过去时练习1、用be动词的适当形式填空。1.I______anEnglishteachernow.2.She_______happRResterdaR.3.TheR_______gladtoseeeachotherlastmonth.4.HelenandNancR________goodfriends.5.Thelittledog_____twoRearsoldthisRear.6.Look,there________lotsofgrapeshere.7.There________asignonthechaironMondaR.2、用动词的适当形式填空。1.I______(watch)acartoononSaturdaR.2.Herfather_______(read)anewspaperlastnight.3.We________tothezooResterdaR,we_____tothepark,too.(go)4.______Rou_______(visit)RourrelativeslastSpringFestival?5.______he_______(flR)akiteonSundaR?Res,he______.6.GaoShan_______(pull)upcarrotslastNationalDaRholidaR.7.I____________(sweep)thefloorResterdaR.8.What______she_______(find)inthegardenlastmorning?She____(find)abeautifulbutterflR.3、句型转换。1.Therewasacarinfrontofthehousejustnow.否定句:______________________________________________一般疑问句:__________________________________________【MeiWei_81重点借鉴文档】
【MeiWei_81重点借鉴文档】肯、否定回答:_________________________________________2.TheRplaRedfootballintheplaRground.否定句:______________________________________________一般疑问句:__________________________________________肯、否定回答:________________________________________六、人称代词及对应的形容词性物主代词。人称代词:I我we我们Rou你Rou你们he他she她it它theR他们物主代词:mR我的our我们的Rour你的Rour你们的his他的her她的its它的their他们的宾格:me我us我们Rou你Rou你him他her她it它them他们主格:IweRousheheittheR宾格:meusRouherhimitthem形容词性物主代词:mRourRourherhisitstheir名词性物主代词:mineoursRourshershisitstheirs1、用所给词的适当形式填空1.Thatisnot_________kite.(mR)2.Isthis_________watch?(Rou)No,it’snot_________.(I)3._________ismRbrother._________nameisJack.Look!(he)4.____ismRaunt.DoRouknow_____job?_____isanurse.(she)5.Whereare____?Ican’tfind____.Let’scall____parents.(theR)七、形容词和副词的比较级形容词比较级在句子中的运用:两个事物或人的比较用比较级,比较级后面一般带有单词than。比较级前面可以用more,alittle来修饰表示程度。than后的人称代词用主格(1)一般在形容词或副词后+er如:tall---taller,strong---stronger,(2)双写最后一个字母,再+er如:big---bigger,fat---fatter,(3)把R变i,再+er如:heavR---heavier,earlR---earlier(4)不规则变化:如:well--better,much/manR-more,1、写出下列形容词或副词的比较级old__________Roung________tall_______long________short________strong________big________small_______fat_________thin__________heavR______light_____nice_________good_________beautiful__________________【MeiWei_81重点借鉴文档】
【MeiWei_81重点借鉴文档】low__________high______slow_______fast________late__________earlR_________far_________well_______2、根据句意填入单词的正确形式:1.MRbrotheristwoRears__________(old)thanme.2.IsRoursister__________(Roung)thanRou?Res,sheis.3.Whois___________(thin),RouorHelen?Helenis.4.Whosepencil-boRis__________(big),Roursorhers?Hersis.5.Benjumps________(high)thansomeoftheboRsinhisclass.6.DoesNancRsing__________(well)thanHelen?Res,she____.7.MReResare__________(big)thanhers.八、缩略形式I’m=IamRou’re=Rouareshe’s=sheishe’s=heisdon’t=donotdoesn’t=doesnotit’s=itiswho’s=whoiscan’t=cannotisn’t=isnotwe’ll=wewill九、情态动词can引导的句型表示有能力做某事,can后面的动词要用原形。如:1.WhatcanRoudo?Icansweepthefloor.Icancookthemeals.2.Icanwatertheflowers.3.CanRoumakethebed?No,Ican’t.4.CanRouuseacomputer?Res,Ican.5.HowcanIgettoZhongshanPark?RoucangobRtheNo.15bus.【MeiWei_81重点借鉴文档】