[名校联盟]山东省郯城第三中学高中英语语法复习典型习题 14页

　　1．TheOlympicGames,______in776B.C,did’tincludewomenplayersuntil1919.　　A.firstplayingB.tobefirstplayedC.firstplayedD.tobefirstplaying　　析：根据题干，必须选表示被动的选项，故排除A、D；因B选项表“将要被举行”意，不合题干之用，只有C选项（相当于whichwasfirstplayed）才合用。　　2．Europeanfootballisplayedin80countries,______itthemostpopularsportintheworld.　　A.makingB.makesC.madeD.tomake　　析：B、C是谓语动词，在此不可用。D项tomake或表目的，或表“将要使得”，这都不合题干情景。只有A.making,可作状语，表结果。再举一现在分词作结果状语例：　　Thebuswasheldupbythesnowstorm,causingthedelay.公共汽车被大风雪所阻，因而耽误了。　　3．LittleJimshouldlove______tothetheatrethisevening.　　A.tobetakenB.totakeC.beingtakenD.taking　　析：根据thisevening,应选表示将来义的选项，C、D应排除。Take后无宾语，必然要用被动式，故答案为A。　　4．Johnwasmade______thetruckforaweekasapunishment.　　A.towashB.washingC.washD.tobewashing　　析：根据bemadetodosth.句式，可定答案为A。　　5．Thepatientwaswarned______oilyfoodaftertheoperation.　　A.toeatnotB.eatingnotC.nottoeatD.noteating　　析：根据warnsb.(not)todosth.句式，可排除B、D两项；又根据非谓语动词的否定式not总是在首位的规律，又可排除A，而定C。　　6．——Iusuallygotherebytrain.——Whynot______byboatforachange?　　A.totrygoingB.tryingtogoC.totryandgoD.trygoing　　析：此题可根据whynot后直接跟原形动词规律而一举确定正确答案为D。若将B项改为trytogo，则要根据其与trygoing意义之别来确定答案。依据题干对话内容，乙方是建议甲方尝试乘船变变花样，所以答案仍为D。　　7．______areply,hedecidedtowriteagain.　　A.NotreceivingB.ReceivingnotC.NothavingreceivedD.Havingnotreceived　　析：非谓语动词的否定式not应置于首位，B、D皆为错误形式。A项不能表达先于decided的动作，只有选C项才表没收到信在先，决定再写信在后，所以C为正确答案。　　8．CharlesBabbageisgenerallyconsidered______thefirstcomputer.　　A.toinventB.inventingC.tohaveinventedD.havingmvented　　析：consider表“考虑”意时，其后动词用doing形式，此处不表“考虑”，而表“认为”，这时consider后作宾语补足语或主语补足语多为todo,tohavedone,tobe等形式。据此可排除B、D两个选项。又因A表“要发明”意，不合题用，只有C表“发明了”意，才合题用，故选C。　　9．Mostoftheartists______tothepartywerefromSouthAfrica.　　A.invitedB.toinviteC.beinginvitedD.hadbeeninvited　　析：“被邀请参加晚会”，应选表被动意的选项，B不可用。D项少引导词who，也应排除。又因短暂动词的现在分词被动式不可作定语，C也应排除，只有A.invited(＝whowereinvited)才是正确答案。　　10．Themurdererwasbroughtin,withhishands______behindhisback.[来源:学。科。网Z。X。X。K]第14页共14页 　　A.beingtiedB.havingtiedC.tobetiredD.tied析：B表主动意，应排除。C表“将要被捆绑”，A表“正在被捆绑”都不合题意，只有D项填入空白才能表达“双手被反绑着”这一意思，符合题干情景。再看一类似例句：Hecamein,(with)hisheadheldhigh.他昂首走了进来。二、历届高考试题分析例1、Thediscoveryofnewevidenceledto_________.A.thethiefhavingcaughtB.catchthethiefC.thethiefbeingcaughtD.thethieftobecaught答案为C。【解析】leadto这个词组中to是介词，后面跟名词，于是B被排除，thethief是动名词逻辑上的主语，构成动名词的复合结构，与catch之间应是被动关系，故排除A。常见的带介词to的短语有：(get)beusedto,lookforwardto，lookupto,stickto,objectto,bedevotedto,payattentionto等。例2、Though_______money,hisparentsmanagedtosendhimtouniversity.A.lackedB.lackingofC.lackingD.lackedin答案为C。【解析】lack是及物动词，后接宾语money。hisparents与lack是逻辑上的主谓关系，要用现在分词作状语。译文：虽然缺钱，他的父母亲还是设法让他上了大学。例3、Hegotwell-preparedforthejobinterview,forhecouldn’trisk____thegoodopportunity.A.toloseB.losingC.tobelostD.beinglost答案：B例5、____intouseinApril2000,thehotlinewasmeantforresidentsreportingwaterandheatingsupplybreakdowns.A.PutB.PuttingC.HavingputD.Beingput答案：A【解析】putsth.intouse“让……投入使用”。显然，put和句子主语thehotline构成被动关系，所以用表示被动的过去分词。例6、Itwasunbelievablethatthefanswaitedoutsidethegymforthreehoursjust____alookatthesportsstars.A.hadB.havingC.tohaveD.have答案：C【解析】动词不定式充当目的状语。例7、Withalotofdifficultproblems_______,thenewly-electedpresidentishavingahardtime.A.settledB.settlingC.tosettleD.beingsettled答案为C第14页共14页 【解析】动词不定式tosettle作为difficultproblems的定语表示现在或将来要解决的难题；过去分词settle作定语表示已经解决的难题，现在分词的被动式beingsettled作定语表示正在解决的难题。例8、MoreandmorepeoplearesigningupforYogaclassesnowadays,____advantageofthehealthandrelaxationbenefits.A.takingB.takenC.havingtakenD.havingbeentaken答案：A【解析】takeadvantageof（利用）和句子主语Moreandmorepeople构成主动关系，且和句子谓语signupfor(报名参加)同时发生，所以选择A。[来源:Z_xx_k.Com]例9、Sandycoulddonothingbut________tohisteacherthathewaswrong.A.admitB.admittedC.admittingD.toadmit答案为A。【解析】该句中的but是介词，后接动词不定式。当谓语动词是do，does或did时，后接不带to的不定式；是其他动词时，后接带to的不定式。该句的谓语是coulddonothing，要填动词原形admit。译文：山德不得不向老师承认自己错了。例10、Hesentmeane-mail,________togetfurtherinformation.A.hopedB.hopingC.tohopeD.hope答案为B。【解析】现在分词hoping表示与sendmeane-mail同时发生的动作。一些考生认为应该填不定式作目的状语。不定式作目的状语时，句子的正确形式是：Hesentmeane-mailtogetfurtherinformation.不需要hope一词，如果要选择“hoped”时，句子的正确形式是：Hesentmeane-mailandhopedtogetfurtherinformation。“hope”和“sent”作并列谓语。第14页共14页 练习　　1.______moreattention,thetreescouldhavegrownbetter.　　A.TogiveB.HavinggivenC.GivenD.Giving　　2.Thefirsttextbooks______forteachingEnglishasaforeignlanguagecameoutinthe16thcentury.　　A.tobewrittenB.writtenC.beingwrittenD.havingwritten　　3.Themissingboyswerelastseen______neartheriver.　　A.toplayB.playC.tobeplayingD.playing　　4.______inthought,healmostranintothecarinfrontofhim.　　A.ToloseB.LostC.HavinglostD.Losing　　5.Whenpassingmehepretended______me.　　A.toseeB.nothavingseenC.tohavenotseenD.nottohaveseen　　6.Thechildreninsisted______thereonfoot.　　A.theygoingB.theywouldgoC.ontheirgoingD.going　　7.Hestillremembers______toShanghaiwhenhewasveryyoung.　　A.takingB.beingtakenC.takenD.havingtaken　　8.______therailwaystation,wehadabreak,only______thetrainhadleft.　　A.Arrivingat;tofindB.Comingto;discoveringthat　　C.Onarrivingat;findingoutD.Hurryingto;tohavefoundout　　9.Withtheboy______theway,wehadnotrouble______theway______toZhongshanPark.　　A.leading;finding;leadingB.tolead;found;toleadC.led;finding;ledD.leading;found;led　　10.______thesepictures,Icouldn’thelpthinkingofthosedayswhenIwasinBeingand______fromthetopofathirty-storeyedbuilding,Beijinglooksmorebeautiful.　　A.Seeing;seenB.Seen;seeingC.Seeing;seeingD.Seen;seen　　11.IcanhardlyimaginePeter______acrosstheAtlanticOceaninfivedays.　　A.tohavesailedB.tosailC.sailingD.sail　　12.Ifyouwaveyourbookinfrontofyourface,youcanfeeltheair______againstyourface.　　A.movedB.movingC.movesD.tomove　　13.______isknowntoall,Chinawillbean______andpowerfulcountryin20or30years’time.　　A.That;advancingB.This;advancedC.As;advancedD.It;advancing　　14.Whileshopping,peoplesometimescan’thelp______intobuyingsomethingtheydon’treallyneed.　　A.persuadeB.persuadingC.beingpersuadedD.bepersuaded第14页共14页 　　15.Therewasterriblenoise______thesuddenburstoflight.　　A.followedB.followingC.tobefollowedD.beingfollowed　　16.Pleaseexcusemy______inwithout______.　　A.come;permittedB.coming;permittedC.comimg;beingpermittedD.tocome;beingpermitted　　17.______hisheadhigh,themanagerwalkedintotheroomtoattendthemeeting______then.　　A.Holding;beingheldB.Held;holdingC.Havingheld;heldD.Held;tobeheld　　18.——Didyouhearher______thispopsongthistimetheotherday?　　——Yes,andIheardthissong______inEnglish.　　A.sing;singingB.sung;sungC.sung;singingD.singing;sung　　19.Thequestion______nowatthemeetingisnotthequestion______yesterday.　　A.discussed;discussedB.discussing;haddiscussedC.beingdiscussed;discussedD.discussing;discussing　　20.Withthecooking______,Iwenton______somesewing.　　A.done;todoB.beingdone;doingC.tobedone;doingD.tohavedone;doing　　21.Itisnouse______yourpastmistakes.　　A.regrettingB.regretC.toregretD.regretted　　22.Herhusbanddiedin1980andhadnothing______toher,only______herfivechildren.　　A.left;toleaveB.leaving;leavingC.leaving;leftD.left;leaving　　23.Iamverybusy.Ihaveaverydifficultproblem______.　　A.toworkB.toworkoutC.tobeworkedoutD.toworkitout　　24.Iwouldappreciate______backthisaffernoon.　　A.youtocallB.youcallC.yourcallingD.you’recalling　　25.Climbingmountainswas______,soweallfelt______.　　A.tiring;tiredB.tired;tiringC.tiring;tiringD.tired;tired　　26.Isawsomevillagers______onthebenchattheendoftheroom.　　A.seatingB.seatC.seatedD.seatedthemselves　　27.Shewasgladtoseeherchildwell______careof.　　A.takeB.tobetakenC.takenD.taking　　28.Itisoneoftheimportantproblems______tomorrow.　　A.tosolveB.tobesolvedC.solvedD.solving　　29.______mapsproperly,youneedaspecialpen.　　A.DrawnB.DrawingC.TodrawD.Bedrawing　　30.Thereisariver______aroundourschool.　　A.torunB.runC.runningD.toberunning　　31.Howaboutthetwoofus______awalkdownthegarden?　　A.totakeB.takeC.takingD.tobetaken　　32.Iwasfortunatetopickupawallet______onthegroundonthewaybackhome,butunfortunatelyforme,IfoundmycolourTVset.______whenIgothome.　　A.lying;stolenB.laying;stealingC.lay;stolenD.lying;stealing　　33.Whththekind－heartedboy____mewithmywork,I’msureI’llbeabletosparetime___withyourwork.　　A.tohelp;helpyououtB.helping;helpingyouC.helped;tohelpyououtD.tohelp;tohelp第14页共14页 you　　34.Greatlymoveddbyherwords,______.　　A.tearscametohiseyesB.hecouldhardlyholdbackhistears　　C.tearscouldhardlybeheldbackD.hiseyeswerefilledwithtears.　　35.——Ihopethechildrenwon’ttouchthedog.　　——I’vewarnedthem______.　　A.notB.nottoC.nottouchD.notdo　　36.Iwouldlove______tothepartylastnightbutIhadtoworkextrahourstofinishareport.　　A.togoB.tohavegoneC.goingD.havinggone　　37.When______whyhewalkedinwithoutpermission,hejuststaredatusandsaidnothing.　　A.beenaskedB.askedC.askingD.tobeasked　　38.Themankeptsilentintheroomunless______.　　A.spokentoB.spoketoC.spokenD.tospeak　　39.Hewasoftenlistened______inthenextroom.　　A.singB.sungC.tosingD.totosing　　40.Ratherthan______onacrowdedbus,healwaysprefers______abicycle.　　A.ride;rideB.riding;rideC.ride;torideD.toride;riding　　41.Theboywantedtoridehisbicycleinthestreet,buthismothertoldhim______.　　A.nottoB.nottodoC.notdoitD.donotto[来源:学科网ZXXK]　　42.What’stroublingthemis______enoughexperiencedworkers.　　A.thattheyhavetoB.theyhavenotC.theirnothavingD.nottheirhaving　　43.______histelephonenumber,shehadsomedifficultygettingintouchwithBill.　　A.NotknowingB.KnowingnotC.NothavingknownD.Havingnotknow　　44.Bambooisused______housesinsomeplaces.　　A.tobuildB.tobuildingC.tobebuiltD.beingbuilt　　45.Goon______theotherexerciseafteryouhavefinishedthisone.　　A.todoB.doingC.withD.tobedoing　　46.Thedaywelookedforwardto______.　　A.comeB.comingC.hascomeD.havecome　　47.Whomwouldyourather______thework?　　A.tohavetodoB.tohavedoC.havetodoD.havedo　　48.Doyouthinkitanygood______withhimagain?　　A.totalkB.talkingC.totalkingD.havingtalked　　49.Sometimesnewideashavetobetestedmanytimesbefore______.　　A.acceptingfullyB.beingfullyacceptedC.fullyacceptingD.fullybeingaccepted　　50.Thegovernmentforbids______suchbadbooks.　　A.publishedB.topublishC.publishD.publishing　　1.Mostofthepeople_____tothepartywerefamousscientists.　　A.invitedB.toinviteC.beinginvitedD.inviting　　2.______manytimes,buthestillcouldn’tunderstandit.　　A.HavingbeingtoldB.ThoughhadbeentoldC.Hewastold　　D.Havingtold第14页共14页 　　3.Shereachedthetopofthehillandstopped_____onabigrockbythesideofthepath.　　A.tohaverestedB.testingC.torestD.rest　　4.Thenextmorningshefoundtheman______inbed,dead.　　A.lyingB.lieC.layD.laying　　5.Thepurposeofnewtechnologiesistomakelifeeasier,_______itmoredifficult.　　A.tomakeB.nottomakeC.notmakingD.tonotmake　　6.TheOlympicGames,_____in776B.C.,didnotincludewomenplaysuntil1912.　　A.firstplayingB.tobefirstplayedC.firstplayedD.tobefirstplaying　　7.---Youwerebraveenoughtoraiseobjectionsatthemeeting.　　----Well,nowIregret____________that.　　A.todoB.tobedoingC.tohavedoneD.havingdone　　8.ThevisitingMinisterexpressedhissatisfactionwithtalks,_______thathehadenjoyedhisstayhere.　　A.havingaddedB.toaddC.addingD.added　　9._______areply,hedecidedtowriteagain.　　A.NotreceivingB.ReceivingnotC.NothavingreceivedD.Havingnotreceived　　10.Thespeakerraisedhisvoice,buthestillcouldn’tmakehimself________.　　A.hearB.tohearC.hearingD.heard　　Robertissaid___abroad,butIdon’tknowwhatcountrybestudiedin.tohavestudiedB.tostudyC.tobestudyingD.tohavebeenstudying第三节巩固练习Direction:BeneatheachofthefollowingsentencestherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosethebestanswerthatcompletesthesentence.1._____anythingabouttheaccident,hewenttoworkasusual.A.Notknown　B.Knownnot　　　C.Knowingnot　D.Notknowing2.—Haveyoudecidedwhen_____?—Yes,tomorrowmorning.A.toleave　　B.tobeleaving　C.willyouleaveD.areyouleaving3.Ireallyenjoy_____thatkindofjob.A.do　B.doing　C.todo　D.tobedoing4.—There’saholeinyourbag.—lknow.Iamgoingtohaveit_____.A.mendB.mendingC.mendedD.tobemended5.Thenextmorningshefoundthemaninbed,_____dead.A.lying　　　B.lie　　C.lay　　D.laying6.Tellhim_____thewindow.A.toshutnotB.nottoshut　　C.tonotshut　D.notshut7.Thefurniture______onOctober15wasseriouslydamagedbecauseofaroadaccident.A.beingdeliveredB.havingdeliveredC.havingbeendeliveredD.delivered8.Hehadhisleg_____inthematchyesterday.A.tobreak　　B.broken　C.break　D.breaking9.Ican’timagine_____thatwiththem.第14页共14页 A.do　B.todo　　C.beingdone　D.doing10.Mostofthepeople_____tothepartywerefamousscientists.A.invited　　B.toinviteC.beinginvitedD.inviting11.—Goodmorning.CanIhelpyou?—I’dliketohavethispackage_____,madam.A.beweighed　B.tobeweighed　　C.toweigh　　D.weighed12.Slowlysheopenedtheletter,_____.A.herhandstrembledslightlyB.slightlyherhandsweretrembledC.herhandsslightlytremblingC.tremblingherhandsslightly13.All______willbepresentattheconference.A.partiesconcernedB.partiesconcerningC.concernedpartiesD.concerningparties14._____moreattention,thetreescouldhavegrownbetter.A.Given　　B.Togive　C.Giving　　　D.Havinggiven15.Shereachedthetopofthehillandstopped_____onabigrockbythesideofthepath.A.tohaverested　B.resting　　　C.torest　　　D.rest16.LastsummerItookacourseon_______.A.howtomakedresses　　　B.howdressesbemadeC.howtobemadedresses　　D.howdressestobemade17.Themurdererwasbroughtin,withhishands_____behindhisback.A.beingtied　　B.havingtied　　C.tobetied　D.tied18.Thesecretaryworkedlateintothenight,_____alongspeechforthepresident.A.toprepare　　B.preparing　　　C.prepared　　D.waspreparing19.IcanhardlyimaginePeter_____acrosstheAtlanticOceaninfivedays.A.sail　B.tosailC.sailing　　　D.tohavesailed20.—Thelightintheofficeisstillon.—Oh,Iforgot_____.A.turningitoff　B.turnitoffC.toturnitoffD.havingturneditoff21.TheOlympicGames,______in776B.C.,didnotincludewomenplayersuntil1912.A.firstplaying　B.tobefirstplayedC.firstplayedD.tobefirstplaying22.Nothavingfinishedhishomework,_____towatchthegame.A.sohewasforbidden　　B.heforbadeC.hewasforbidden　D.motherforbidhim23.The_____worldpopulationistheresultofrecentadvancesinmedicalscience.A.increasedB.increase　　　C.beingincreasingD.Increasing24._____itwithmeandI’llseewhatIcando.A.Whenleft　　B.Leaving　　C.Ifyouleave　D.Leave25.Cleaningwomeninbigcitiesusuallyget______bythehour.A.pay　B.paying　　　C.paidD.topay26.Europeanfootballisplayedin80countries,______itthemostpopularsportintheworld.A.making　　　B.makesC.madeD.tomake27.Robertissaid_____abroad,butIdon’tknowwhatcountryhestudiedin.A.tohavestudiedB.tostudyC.tobestudyingD.tohavebeenstudying28.Thepurposeofnewtechnologiesistomakelifeeasier,_____itmoredifficult.第14页共14页 A.notmake　　B.nottomakeC.notmaking　D.donotmake29.WhenIgotbackhomeIsawamessagepinnedtothedoor,______“Sorrytomissyou;willcalllater.”A.readB.readsC.toread　　　D.reading30.I’veworkedwithchildrenbefore,soIknowwhat______inmynewjob.A.expected　　B.toexpect　　C.tobeexpectingD.expects31.Itisimpossibletoavoid______byadvertisementsinamodernsociety.　A.tobeinfluencedB.beinginfluencedC.toinfluenceD.influenced32.Somepeoplebelievethatsomenumbersshowthe______sideofaperson’spersonality.　A.hidingB.hidC.hiddenD.hide33—Howdoyoudealwiththedisagreementbetweenthecompanyandthecustomers?—key______theproblemistomeetthedemand_______bythecustomers.　A.tosolving…makingB.tosolving…madeC.tosolve…making　D.tosolve…made34.Havingatripabroadiscertainlygoodfortheoldcouple,butitremains______whethertheywillenjoyit.　A.toseeB.tobeseen　　C.seeingD.seen35.ItissaidinAustraliathereismorelandthanthegovernmentknows______.　A.itwhattodowithB.whattodoitwithC.whattodowithitD.todowhatwithit36.Theresearchissodesignedthatonce______nothingcanbedonetochangeit.　A.begins　B.havingbegunC.beginning　　　D.begun37.Theteacheraskedus______somuchnoise.　A.don’tmake　　B.notmake　　C.notmaking　　D.nottomake38.______time,he’llmakeafirst-classtennisplayer.　A.Havinggiven　B.Togive　　　C.GivingD.Given39.Walkingpastthepark,Icouldn’thelp______somechildrenflyingkites.　A.stoptowatchB.stoppingwatchC.stoppingtowatchD.tostoptowatch40.Generallyspeaking,______accordingtodirections,thedrughasnoside-effect.　A.whentaking　　B.whentaken　　C.whentotake　D.whentobetaken41.Anarmyspokesmanstressedthatallthesoldiershadbeenordered_______clearwarningsbeforefiringanyshots.A.toissue　　　B.beingissued　C.tohaveissuedD.tobeissued42.Thereisanewprobleminvolvedinthepopularityofprivatecars_______roadconditionsneed______.A.that…tobeimproved　　B.which…tobeimprovedC.where…improvingD.when…improving43.—Whatdoyouthinkmadethewomansoupset？—_____weight.　A.AssheputonB.PutonC.PuttingonD.Becauseofputtingon44.Themanager,______hisfactory’sproductswerepoorinquality,decidedtogivehisworkersfurthertraining.　A.knowingB.knownC.toknowD.beingknown45.Themanwefollowedsuddenlystoppedandlookedasif_______whetherhewasgoingintherightdirection.第14页共14页 　A.seeingB.havingseen　C.tohaveseen　D.tosee46.Don’tbediscouraged.______thingsastheyareandyouwillenjoyeverydayofyourlife.　A.TakingB.Totake　　　C.Take　D.Taken47.Friendshipislikemoney,easiermadethan____.　A.kept　B.tobekept　　C.keepingD.beingkept48.______themeetinghimselfgavethemagreatdealofencouragement.A.ThepresidentwillattendB.Thepresidenttoattend　C.Thepresidentattended　D.Thepresident’sattending49.Unless______tospeak,youshouldremainsilentattheconference.A.invitedB.inviting　　　C.beinginvited　D.havinginvited50.Timeshouldbemadegooduseof____ourlessonswell.A.learningB.learnedC.tolearnD.havinglearned非谓语动词专练答案　　1―5CBDBD6―10CBAAA11―15CBCCB16―20CADCA　　21―25ADBCA26―30CCBCC31―35CADBB36―40BBADC　　41―45ACAAA46―50CDABD1.A2.C3.C4.A5.B6.C7.D8.C9.C10.D1.D2.A3.B4.C5.A6.B7.D8.B9.D10.A11.D12.C13.A14.A15.C16.A17.D18.B19.C20.C21.C22.C23.D24.D25.C26.A27.A28.B29.D30.B31.B32.D33.D34.B35.C36.D37.D38.D39.C40.B41.A42.A43.C44.A45.D46.C47.A48.D49.A50.C1动词不定式和动名词作主语比较动名词作主语表示一般或抽象的多次性动作，不定式作主语表示具体的或一次性的动作，特别是将来的动作。例如：_______isagoodformofexerciseforbothyoungandold．（MET1992）第14页共14页 A．ThewalkB．WalkingC．TowalkD．Walk（Key：B）2动词不定式、动名词、分词作表语比较（1）不定式和动名词作表语的区别同作主语一样。Hisjobisbuildinghouses．Ourtasknowistoincreasefoodproduction．（2）动词不定式和动名词作表语说明主语的内容，现在分词作表语表示主语所具有的特征，过去分词作表语表示主语所处的状态。[来源:Z.xx.k.Com][来源:学.科.网Z.X.X.K]Therealproblemisgettingtoknowtheneedsofthecustomers．Themostimportantthingistoputtheoryintopractice．Thepurposeofnewtechnologiesistomakelifeeasier，_______itmoredifficult．（NMET1999）A．notmakeB．nottomakeC．notmakingD．donotmake（Key：B）3动词不定式和动名词作宾语比较（1）有些动词后只跟不定式作宾语，如：want，wish，hope，manage，de-mand，promise，refuse，pretend，plan，offer，decide，agree，expect等。Weagreed_______here，butsofarshehasn"tturnedupyet．（NMET1995）第14页共14页 A．havingmetB．meetingC．tomeetD．tohavemet（Key：C）（2）有些动词后只跟动名词作宾语，如：admit，appreciate，avoid，con-sider，delay，dislike，enjoy，escape，excuse，finish，forgive，imagine，keep，mind，miss，practise，resist，risk，suggest，deny等。Thesquirrelwassoluckythatitjustmissed_______．（MET1987）A．catchingB．tobecaughtC．beingcaughtD．tocatch（Key：C）Iwouldappreciate_______backthisafternoon．（MET1992）A．youtocallB．youcallC．youcallingD．you"recalling（Key：C）（3）有些动词后既可以跟不定式又可以跟动名词，意义上无多大区别，如：love，like，hate，prefer，intend，start，continue等。Iintendtofinish／finish-ingthetaskthismorning．（4）有些动词后既可以跟不定式，又可以跟动名词，但意义上有区别，如：forget，remember，mean，regret，stop，try等。—Thelightintheofficeisstillon．—Oh，Iforgot_______．（MET1991）A．turningitoffB．turnitoffC．toturnitoffD．havingturneditoff（Key：C）—Youwerebraveenoughtoraiseobjectionsatthemeeting．—Well，nowIregret_______that．（NMET1995）第14页共14页 A．todoB．tobedoingC．tohavedoneD．havingdone（Key：D）4、动词不定式、分词作宾语补足语和主语补足语比较（1）有些动词后只跟不定式作宾语补足语或主语补足语，如：ask，tell，order，want，wish，warn，allow，advise，permit，forbid等。Thepatientwaswarned_______oilyfoodaftertheoperation．（NMET1996）A．toeatnotB．eatingnotC．nottoeatD．noteating（Key：C）（2）有些动词后既可以跟不定式，又可以跟分词作宾语补足语或主语补足语，但意义不同，如：see，watch，notice，observe，hear，feel，have，make等，且不定式不带to，但在被动结构中必须带to。不定式指动作的全过程；现在分词指正在进行的动作的一部分，且表主动意义；过去分词指已经完成的动作，且表被动意义。Pauldoesn"thavetobemade．Healwaysworkshard．（NMET1995）A．learnB．tolearnC．learnedD．learning（Key：B）Themanagerdiscussedtheplanthattheywouldlikesoseethenextyear．（NMET2000）A．carryoutB．carryingoutC．carriedoutD．tocarryout（Key：C）5不定式、动名词、分词作定语比较（1）不定式作定语表示“将要”，现在分词表示“正在”或主动，过去分词表示“已经”。第14页共14页 TheOlympicGames，in776B．C．，didnotincludewomenplayersuntil1912．（NMET1997）A．firstplayingB．tobefirstplayedC．firstplayedD．tobefirstplaying（Key：C）WhenIgotbackhomeIsawamessagepinnedtothedoor“Sorrytomissyou；willcalllater．”（NMET1999）A．readB．readsC．toreadD．reading（Key：D）（2）动名词作定语表示被修饰名词的用途，现在分词作定语表示被修饰名词的动作。aswimmingpool动名词作定语，aswim-mingfish现在分词作定语。6动词不定式作状语修饰动词、形容词，表示原因、目的和结果，分词作状语修饰动词和句子，表示时间、原因、条件、方式、伴随和结果。lateinthemorning，Bobturnedoffthealarm．（NMET2001）A．TosleepB．SleepingC．SleepD．Havingslept（Key：A）suchheavypollutionalready，itmaynowbetoolatetocleanuptheriver．（NMET2000）A．HavingsufferedB．SufferingC．TosufferD．Suffered（Key：A）moreattention，thetreescouldhavegrownbetter．（MET1990）A．GivenB．TogiveC．GivingD．Havinggiven（Key：A）第14页共14页