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小学英语语法知识点解析 在小学生英语语法学习开始时,是孩子学习英语的入门阶段,重要的是培养他们的语法基础,有了初步的阅读能力以后,加上学习一些语法知识。没有足够的语法知识,是不可能真正学好英语的。学习语法时,要尽量通过熟练背诵例句的感性方式来学习。只有加强记忆,心里有了很多的句型和词汇,这样你的英语语法一定能学好。下面就英语语法的相关知识点作些具体解读。 1.人称代词 主格:Iweyousheheitthey 宾格:meusyouherhimitthem 形容词性物主代词:myouryourherhisitstheir 名词性物主代词:mineoursyourshershisitstheirs 2.形容词和副词的比较级 (1)一般在形容词或副词后+er oldertallerlongerstronger,etc (2)多音节词前+more moreinteresting,etc. (3)双写最后一个字母,再+er biggerfatter,etc. (4)把y变i,再+er heavier,earlier (5)不规则变化: well-better,much/many-more,etc. 3.可数词的复数形式 Mostnouns+sabook–books
Nounsendinginaconsonant+y-y+iesastory—stories Nounsendingins,sh,chorx+esaglass—glassesawatch-watches Nounsendingino+sor+esapiano—pianosamango—mangoes Nounsendinginforfe-forfe+vesaknife–knivesashelf-shelves 4.不可数名词(单复数形式不变) bread,rice,water,juiceetc. 5.介词 on,in,infrontof,between,nextto,near,beside,at,behind. 表示时间:atsixo’clock,atChristmas,atbreakfast onMondayon15thJulyOnNationalDay intheeveninginDecemberinwinter 5.基数词和序数词 one–firsttwo-secondtwenty-twentieth 6.缩略形式 I’m=Iamyou’re=youareshe’s=sheishe’s=heis it’s=itiswho’s=whoiscan’t=cannotisn’t=isnotetc 7.a/an abook,apeach anegganhour 9.Some/any Ihavesometoysinmybedroom. Doyouhaveanybrothersorsisters?
10.be动词 (1)Basicform:am/are/is (2)肯定和否定句Iam(not)fromLondon. Myeyesare(not)small. Myhairis(not)long. (3)一般疑问句:AmIaChniese?Yes,youare.No,youaren’t. AretheyAmerican?Yes,theyare.No,theyaren’t. Isthecatfat?Yes,itis.No,itisn’t. 11.therebe结构 肯定句:Thereisa… Thereare… 一般疑问句:Isthere…?Yes,thereis./No,thereisn’t. Arethere…?Yes,thereare./No,therearen’t. 否定句:Thereisn’t….Therearen’t…. 12.祈使句 Sitdownplease Don’tsitdown,please. 13.现在进行时.通常用“now” 形式:be+verb+ing eg:Iam(not)doingmyhomework. You/We/Theyare(not)reading. He/She/Itis(not)eating.
动词—ing的形式 Mostverbs+ingwalk—walking Verbsendingine-e+ingcome—coming Shortverbsendinginavowel+aconsonantrun–runningswim—swimming 14一般现在时,通常用“usually,often,everyday,sometimes”。 肯定句: Igotoschoolonfooteveryday. Shegoestoschoolonfooteveryday. 一般疑问句: Doyoujumphigh?Yes,Ido./No,Idon’t. Doeshejumphigh?Yes,hedoes./No,hedoesn’t. 否定句:Wedon’tgotoschoolonSundays. Mymotherdoesn’tlikewatchingTVintheevening. 15.(情态)动词can,must,should后面直接用动词原形。 eg: 1.I/He/She/Theycansing. 2.Youshouldkeepquietinthelibrary. 16.一般过去时态 (a)be动词的过去式: I/He/she/itwas(not)….You/we/theywere…. 一般疑问句was,were放在句首。 (b)动词过去式:
肯定句:Iwatchedcartoons. Shevisitedthezoo. 一般疑问句:Didyoureadbooklastnight?Yes,Idid.No,Ididn’t. Didshecleanthedeskjustnow?Yes,shedid.No,shedidn’t. 否定句:Theydidn’tgothethepartyesterday. Hedidn’tmakemodelshipslastweek. (3)动词过去式的变化: 规则动词的变化: Mostverbs+edeg.planted,watered,climbed。 Verbsendingine+degliked。 Verbsendinginaconsonant+y--y+iedeg:study—studied Shortverbsendinginavowel+aconsonanteg:stop--stopped 不规则动词的变化: is/am—was,are—were,do—did,have/has—had,make—made,fly-flew/u:/ eat—ate,take—took,run—ran,sing—sang,drink—drank等等