英语语法专有名词中英对应名称+(2) 12页

英语语法专有名词中英对应名称语法grammar句法syntax ["sɪntæks]词法morphology [mɔː"fɒlədʒi]结构structure层次rank句子sentence从句clause[klɔːz]词组phrase词类partofspeech单词word实词notionalword ["nəʊʃənl]虚词structruralword ["strʌktʃərəl]名词noun专有名词propernoun普通名词commonnoun可数名词countablenoun不可数名词uncountablenoun抽象名词abstractnoun具体名词concretmoun[kɒnk"ret]物质名词materialnoun 集体名词collectivenoun个体名词individualnoun介词preposition连词conjunction动词verb主动词mainverb及物动词transitiveverb不及物动词intransitiveverb系动词linkverb助动词auxiliaryverb情态动词modalverb ["məʊdl]规则动词regularverb不规则动词irregularverb短语动词phrasalverb限定动词finiteverb非限定动词infiniteverb使役动词causativeverb ["kɔːzətɪv]感官动词verbofsenses动态动词eventverb静态动词stateverb感叹词exclamation [ˌeksklə"meɪʃn]形容词adjective["ædʒɪktɪv] 副词adverb方式副词adverbofmanner程度副词adverbofdegree时间副词adverboftime地点副词adverbofplace修饰性副词adjunct连接性副词conjunct疑问副词interogativeadverb关系副词relativeadverb代词pronoun人称代词personalpronoun物主代词possesivepronoun反身代词reflexivepronoun相互代词reciprocalpronoun[rɪ"sɪprəkl]指示代词demonstrativepronoun[dɪ"mɒnstrətɪv]疑问代词interrogativepronoun关系代词relativepronoun不定代词indefinitepronoun物主代词possecivepronoun名词性物主代词nominalpossesiveprnoun形容词性物主代词adjectivalpossesivepronoun 冠词article定冠词definitearticle不定冠词indefinitearticle数词numeral基数词cardinalnumeral序数词ordinalnumeral分数词fractionalnumeral ["frækʃənl]形式form单数形式singularform复数形式pluralform限定动词finiteverbform非限定动词non-finiteverbform原形baseform从句clause从属句subordinateclause并列句coordinateclause名词从句nominalclause定语从句attributiveclause 状语从句adverbialclause宾语从句objectclause主语从句subjectclause同位语从句appositiveclause时间状语从句adverbialclauseoftime地点状语从句adverbialclauseofplace方式状语从句adverbialclauseofmanner让步状语从句adverbialclauseofconcession [kən"seʃn]原因状语从句adverbialclauseofcause结果状语从句adverbialclauseofresult目的状语从句adverbialclauseofpurpose条件状语从句adverbialclauseofcondition真实条件状语从句adverbialclauseofrealcondition非真实条件状语从句adverbialclauseofunrealcondition含蓄条件句adverbialclauseofimpliedcondition错综条件句adverbialclauseofmixedcondition句子sentence简单句simplesentence并列句compoundsentence复合句complexsentence 并列复合句compoundcomplexsentence陈述句declarativesentence疑问句interrogativesentence一般疑问句generalquestion特殊疑问句specialquestion选择疑问句alternativequestion附加疑问句tagquestion反义疑问句disjunctivequestion修辞疑问句rhetoricalquestion感叹疑问句exclamatoryquestion存在句existentialsentence肯定句positivesentwence否定句negativesentence祈使句imperativesentence省略句ellipticalsentence感叹句exclamatorysentence基本句型basicsentencepatern 句子成分membersofsentences主语subject谓语predicate宾语object双宾语dualobject直接宾语directobject间接宾语indirectobject复合宾语complexobject同源宾语cognateobject补语complement主补subjectcomplement宾补objectcomplement表语predicative定语attribute同位语appositive状语adverbial句法关系syntaticrelationship并列coordinate从属subordination修饰modification前置修饰pre-modification 后置修饰post-modification限制restriction双重限制double-restriction非限制non-restriction数number单数形式singularform复数形式pluralform规则形式regularform不规则形式irregularform格case普通格commoncase所有格possessivecase主格nominativecase["nɒmɪnətɪv]宾格objectivecase人称person第一人称firstperson第二人称secondperson第三人称thirdperson 时态tense一般现在时presentsimpletense一般过去时pastsimpletense一般将来时futuresimpletense过去将来时pastfuturetense现在完成时presentperfecttense过去完成时pastperfecttense现在进行时presentcontinuoustense过去进行时pastcontinuoustense语态voice主动语态activevoice被动语态passivevoice语气mood陈述语气indicativemood祈使语气imperativemood虚拟语气subjunctivemood否定negation否定范围scopeofnegation全部否定fullnegation 局部否定partialnegation转移否定shiftofnegation语序order自然语序naturalorder倒装语序inversion全部倒装fullinversion部分倒装partialinversion直接引语directspeech间接引语indirectspeech自由直接引语freedirectspeech自由间接引语freeindirectspeech一致agreement主谓一致subject-predicateagreement语法一致grammaticalagreement概念一致notionalagreement就近原则principleofproximity强调emphasis重复repetition 语音pronunciation语调tone升调risingtone降调fallingtone降升调falling-risingtone文体style正式文体formal非正式文体informal口语spoken/oralEnglish套语formulisticexpression英国英语BritishEnglish美国英语AmericanEnglish用法usage感情色彩emotionalcoloring褒义commendatory贬义derogatory幽默humorous讽刺sarcastic挖苦ironic性gender 阳性masculine阴性feminine通性common中性neuter过去将来进行时pastfuturecontinuoustense过去将来完成时pastfutureperfecttense将来完成时futureperfecttense将来进行时futurecontinuoustense过去将来进行时pastfuturecontinuoustense现在完成进行时presentperfectcontinuoustense过去完成进行时pastperfectcontinuoustense